Fundamental Research最新文献

Cognitive reappraisal improves the social decision-making performance of suicide attempters 认知再评价可提高自杀企图者的社会决策能力

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.06.008

Wang Tong, Xiaoya Liu, Duan Moxin, Zhang Bo, An Li, Shuang Liu, Ming Dong

引用次数: 0

The role of anesthesia in peri‑operative neurocognitive disorders: Molecular mechanisms and preventive strategies 麻醉在围手术期神经认知障碍中的作用：分子机制和预防策略

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.007

引用次数: 0

Astrocytic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-lactic acid axis involvement in glia-neuron crosstalk contributes to morphine-induced hyperalgesia in mice 星形胶质细胞丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶-乳酸轴参与胶质细胞-神经元串扰导致小鼠吗啡诱导的痛觉过敏

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.013

{"title":"Astrocytic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-lactic acid axis involvement in glia-neuron crosstalk contributes to morphine-induced hyperalgesia in mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The activation of spinal astrocytes accounts for opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The presence of astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) makes astrocytes necessary for some neural function and communication. The aim of this study was to explore the role of ANLS in the occurrence and maintenance of OIH. After 7 days consecutive morphine injection, a mice OIH model was established and astrocytic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), phosphorylated pyruvate dehydrogenase (p-PDH) and accumulation of L-lactate was elevated in the spinal dorsal horn. Intrathecally administration of inhibitors of PDK, lactate dehydrogenase 5 and monocarboxylate transporters to decrease the supply of L-lactate on neurons was observed to attenuate hypersensitivity behaviors induced by repeated morphine administration and downregulate the expression of markers of central sensitization in the spinal dorsal horns. The astrocyte line and the neuronal line were co-cultured to investigate the mechanisms in vitro. In this study, we demonstrated that morphine-induced hyperalgesia was sustained by lactate overload consequent upon aberrant function of spinal ANLS. In this process, PDK-p-PDH-lactate axis serves a pivotal role, which might therefore be a new target to improve long-term opioid treatment strategy in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325823000638/pdfft?md5=c9be24d718db9ef422ac70284cfed9c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325823000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48666111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generating barcodes for nanopore sequencing data with PRO 用 PRO 生成纳米孔测序数据的条形码

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.014

{"title":"Generating barcodes for nanopore sequencing data with PRO","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>DNA barcodes, short and unique DNA sequences, play a crucial role in sample identification when processing many samples simultaneously, which helps reduce experimental costs. Nevertheless, the low quality of long-read sequencing makes it difficult to identify barcodes accurately, which poses significant challenges for the design of barcodes for large numbers of samples in a single sequencing run. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the generation of barcodes and develop a tool, PRO, that can be used for selecting optimal barcode sets and demultiplexing. We formulate the barcode design problem as a combinatorial problem and prove that finding the optimal largest barcode set in a given DNA sequence space in which all sequences have the same length is theoretically NP-complete. For practical applications, we developed the novel method PRO by introducing the probability divergence between two DNA sequences to expand the capacity of barcode kits while ensuring demultiplexing accuracy. Specifically, the maximum size of the barcode kits designed by PRO is 2,292, which keeps the length of barcodes the same as that of the official ones used by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). We validated the performance of PRO on a simulated nanopore dataset with high error rates. The demultiplexing accuracy of PRO reached 98.29% for a barcode kit of size 2,922, 4.31% higher than that of Guppy, the official demultiplexing tool. When the size of the barcode kit generated by PRO is the same as the official size provided by ONT, both tools show superior and comparable demultiplexing accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325824001924/pdfft?md5=ff23f335fd4d810b3e30973aca3b4f7d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325824001924-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-efficient and parameter-free computation of submicron thermal transport with phonon Boltzmann transport equation 基于声子玻尔兹曼输运方程的亚微米热输运超高效无参数计算

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.007

{"title":"Ultra-efficient and parameter-free computation of submicron thermal transport with phonon Boltzmann transport equation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding thermal transport at the submicron scale is crucial for engineering applications, especially in the thermal management of electronics and tailoring the thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials. At the submicron scale, the macroscopic heat diffusion equation is no longer valid and the phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) becomes the governing equation for thermal transport. However, previous thermal simulations based on the phonon BTE have two main limitations: relying on empirical parameters and prohibitive computational costs. Therefore, the phonon BTE is commonly used for qualitatively studying the non-Fourier thermal transport phenomena of toy problems. In this work, we demonstrate an ultra-efficient and parameter-free computational method of the phonon BTE to achieve quantitatively accurate thermal simulation for realistic materials and devices. By properly integrating the phonon properties from first-principles calculations, our method does not rely on empirical material properties input. It can be generally applicable for different materials and the predicted results can match well with experimental results. Moreover, by developing a suitable ensemble of advanced numerical algorithms, our method exhibits superior numerical efficiency. The full-scale (from ballistic to diffusive) thermal simulation of a 3-dimensional fin field-effect transistor with 13 million degrees of freedom, which is prohibitive for existing phonon BTE solvers even on supercomputers, can now be completed within two hours on a single personal computer. Our method makes it possible to achieve the predictive design of realistic nanostructures for the desired thermal conductivity. It also enables accurately resolving the temperature profiles at the transistor level, which helps in better understanding the self-heating effect of electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822002758/pdfft?md5=2779f045efa2512132f8bfee8d428040&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325822002758-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ternary NiCoTi-layered double hydroxide nanosheets as a pH-responsive nanoagent for photodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic therapy 三元镍钴钛层双氢氧化物纳米片作为光动力/化学动力协同疗法的 pH 值响应型纳米试剂

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.001

{"title":"Ternary NiCoTi-layered double hydroxide nanosheets as a pH-responsive nanoagent for photodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been proven to be a promising strategy to improve the treatment efficiency of cancer, because of the synergistic therapeutic effect arising between the two modalities. Herein, we report an inorganic nanoagent based on ternary NiCoTi-layered double hydroxide (NiCoTi-LDH) nanosheets to realize highly efficient photodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic therapy. The NiCoTi-LDH nanosheets exhibit oxygen vacancy-promoted electron-hole separation and photogenerated hole-induced O<sub>2</sub>-independent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under acidic circumstances, realizing <em>in situ</em> pH-responsive PDT. Moreover, due to the effective conversion between Co<sup>3+</sup> and Co<sup>2+</sup> caused by photogenerated electrons, the NiCoTi-LDH nanosheets catalyze the release of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> through Fenton reactions, resulting in CDT. Laser irradiation enhances the catalyzed ability of the NiCoTi-LDH nanosheets to promote the ROS generation, resulting in a better performance than TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles at pH 6.5. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experimental results show conclusively that NiCoTi-LDH nanosheets plus irradiation lead to efficient cell apoptosis and significant inhibition of tumor growth. This study reports a new pH-responsive inorganic nanoagent with oxygen vacancy-promoted photodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic performance, offering a potentially appealing clinical strategy for selective tumor elimination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822002308/pdfft?md5=c6ca0dafd3572b87f866522e9440ac25&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325822002308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the critical role of TiO2-supported atomically dispersed Cu species for enhanced photofixation of N2 to nitrate 揭示TiO2支持的原子分散Cu物种在增强N2对硝酸盐的光固定中的关键作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.025

{"title":"Unveiling the critical role of TiO2-supported atomically dispersed Cu species for enhanced photofixation of N2 to nitrate","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrate products are widely used in manufacturing as crucial raw materials and fertilizers. The traditional nitrate synthesis process involves high energy consumption and emission, thereby opposing the goals of zero-carbon emission and green chemistry. Thus, a sustainable roadmap for nitrate synthesis that uses green energy input, clean N sources, and direct catalytic processes is urgently required (<em>e.g.</em>, developing a novel photosynthesis system). Here, we synthesized TiO<sub>2</sub>-supported atomically dispersed Cu species for N<sub>2</sub> photofixation to nitrate in a flow reactor. The optimized photocatalyst yielded a high nitrate photosynthesis rate of 0.93 μmol h<sup>−1</sup> and selectivity of ∼90%, which is superior to most of the values reported thus far. Further, experimental results and <em>in-situ</em> investigations revealed that the atomically dispersed Cu sites in the as-designed sample significantly enhanced the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers, adsorption and activation of reactants, and the formation of chemisorbed NO<sub>x</sub> intermediates, thereby realizing the excellent photofixation of N<sub>2</sub> to nitrate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822002345/pdfft?md5=956b4dc5f99dec00678e8ffa8aea0a4e&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325822002345-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49373167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the impacts of COVID-19 on Sustainable Development Goals using machine learning models 利用机器学习模型量化 COVID-19 对可持续发展目标的影响

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.016

{"title":"Quantifying the impacts of COVID-19 on Sustainable Development Goals using machine learning models","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has posed severe threats to global sustainable development. However, a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the impacts of COVID-19 on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is still lacking. This research quantified the post-COVID-19 SDG progress from 2020 to 2024 using projected GDP growth and population and machine learning models including support vector machine, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting. The results show that the overall SDG performance declined by 7.7% in 2020 at the global scale, with 12 socioeconomic SDG performance decreasing by 3.0%–22.3% and 4 environmental SDG performance increasing by 1.6%–9.2%. By 2024, the progress of 12 SDGs will lag behind for one to eight years compared to their pre-COVID-19 trajectories, while extra time will be gained for 4 environment-related SDGs. Furthermore, the pandemic will cause more impacts on countries in emerging markets and developing economies than those on advanced economies, and the latter will recover more quickly to be closer to their pre-COVID-19 trajectories by 2024. Post-COVID-19 economic recovery should emphasize in areas that can help decouple economic growth from negative environmental impacts. The results can help government and non-state stakeholders identify critical areas for targeted policy to resume and speed up the progress to achieve SDGs by 2030.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822002862/pdfft?md5=b044716ed41b59ebc7b9fec4849dbdc7&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325822002862-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ensemble machine learning model to uncover potential sites of hazardous waste illegal dumping based on limited supervision experience 基于有限监管经验的危险废物非法倾倒潜在地点的集成机器学习模型

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.06.010

{"title":"An ensemble machine learning model to uncover potential sites of hazardous waste illegal dumping based on limited supervision experience","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the soaring generation of hazardous waste (HW) during industrialization and urbanization, HW illegal dumping continues to be an intractable global issue. Particularly in developing regions with lax regulations, it has become a major source of soil and groundwater contamination. One dominant challenge for HW illegal dumping supervision is the invisibility of dumping sites, which makes HW illegal dumping difficult to be found, thereby causing a long-term adverse impact on the environment. How to utilize the limited historic supervision records to screen the potential dumping sites in the whole region is a key challenge to be addressed. In this study, a novel machine learning model based on the positive-unlabeled (PU) learning algorithm was proposed to resolve this problem through the ensemble method which could iteratively mine the features of limited historic cases. Validation of the random forest-based PU model showed that the predicted top 30% of high-risk areas could cover 68.1% of newly reported cases in the studied region, indicating the reliability of the model prediction. This novel framework will also be promising in other environmental management scenarios to deal with numerous unknown samples based on limited prior experience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325823001954/pdfft?md5=ce76f37d81a666a6186cc353899a4d58&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325823001954-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43049104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of inlet elbow on rotation stall in waterjet propulsion pump 进口弯头对喷水推进泵旋转失速的影响

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.029

{"title":"Effect of inlet elbow on rotation stall in waterjet propulsion pump","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To study the influence of an elbow inlet on the rotating stall characteristics of a waterjet propulsion pump (WJPP), a three-dimensional internal flow field in a WJPP under a straight-pipe inlet and elbow inlet is numerically simulated. By comparing the hydraulic performance of WJPP under the two inlet conditions, the internal relationship between the inlet mode and the flow pattern in the pump is clarified. Based on unsteady pressure fluctuation characteristics and wavelet analysis, the influence of the inlet mode on the rotating stall is revealed, and the stall transient propagation characteristics under critical stall conditions are analyzed. The disturbance effects of the inlet channel geometry disappear under low flow rate conditions, the main disturbance is induced by the high-speed countercurrent, and the flow pattern under the elbow inlet is better than that under the straight-pipe inlet. Under the straight-pipe inlet, the single-stall nucleus in the WJPP temporarily experiences a low-frequency and high-amplitude disturbance, which subsequently transforms into a mode of multi-stall nuclei with high-frequency circumferential disturbance. Under the elbow inlet, the rotating stall always maintains a mode of high-amplitude and low-frequency disturbance, which represents the transient characteristics of a single stall core propagating in the circumferential direction inside the channel. The results of this study have a reference value for structural design optimization in a WJPP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822003466/pdfft?md5=bef2b767304083f93f1d345601aad4d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667325822003466-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46328204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0