Fundamental Research最新文献_第2页

Terahertz channels in atmospheric conditions: Propagation characteristics and security performance

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.09.012

Jianjun Ma , Yuheng Song , Mingxia Zhang , Guohao Liu , Weiming Li , John F. Federici , Daniel M. Mittleman

{"title":"Terahertz channels in atmospheric conditions: Propagation characteristics and security performance","authors":"Jianjun Ma , Yuheng Song , Mingxia Zhang , Guohao Liu , Weiming Li , John F. Federici , Daniel M. Mittleman","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing demand for higher wireless data rates, the interest in extending the carrier frequency of wireless links to the terahertz (THz) range has significantly increased. For long-distance outdoor wireless communications, THz channels may suffer substantial power loss and security issues due to atmospheric weather effects. It is crucial to assess the impact of weather on high-capacity data transmission to evaluate wireless system link budgets and performance accurately. In this article, we provide an insight into the propagation characteristics of THz channels under atmospheric conditions and the security aspects of THz communication systems in future applications. We conduct a comprehensive survey of our recent research and experimental findings on THz channel transmission and physical layer security, synthesizing and categorizing the state-of-the-art research in this domain. Our analysis encompasses various atmospheric phenomena, including molecular absorption, scattering effects, and turbulence, elucidating their intricate interactions with THz waves and the resultant implications for channel modeling and system design. Furthermore, we investigate the unique security challenges posed by THz communications, examining potential vulnerabilities and proposing novel countermeasures to enhance the resilience of these high-frequency systems against eavesdropping and other security threats. Finally, we discuss the challenges and limitations of such high-frequency wireless communications and provide insights into future research prospects for realizing the 6G vision, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions to overcome the atmospheric hurdles and security concerns in THz communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 526-555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA damage-induced YTHDC1 O-GlcNAcylation promotes homologous recombination by enhancing m6A binding DNA损伤诱导的YTHDC1 O-GlcNA酰化通过增强m6A结合促进同源重组

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.017

Mengyao Li , Jie Li , Yibo Wang , Jianxin Zhao , Aiyun Yuan , Weidong Dong , Linlin Kong , Suwei Dong , Weijie Qin , Yun-Gui Yang , Xiaohui Wang , Chen Wu , Jing Li

{"title":"DNA damage-induced YTHDC1 O-GlcNAcylation promotes homologous recombination by enhancing m6A binding","authors":"Mengyao Li , Jie Li , Yibo Wang , Jianxin Zhao , Aiyun Yuan , Weidong Dong , Linlin Kong , Suwei Dong , Weijie Qin , Yun-Gui Yang , Xiaohui Wang , Chen Wu , Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N6-methyladenosine (m<sup>6</sup>A) is the most prevalent internal RNA modification, and its regulators include writers, readers and erasers. m<sup>6</sup>A is under stringent control and takes part in many biological events, but it is not known whether there is an interplay between m<sup>6</sup>A and glycosylation. Here we investigated an m<sup>6</sup>A reader, YTHDC1, which has been shown to be recruited to the DNA-RNA hybrid at DNA damage sites and regulate homologous recombination (HR) during DNA damage repair. We found that YTHDC1 is subject to O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification at Ser396 upon DNA damage, which is pivotal for YTHDC1 chromatin binding and ionization radiation induced focus (IRIF) formation. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that O-GlcNAcylation is vital for YTHDC1 to bind with m<sup>6</sup>A RNA. Fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching (FRAP) analysis revealed that YTHDC1 O-GlcNAcylation is essential for DNA damage-induced YTHDC1-m<sup>6</sup>A condensate formation. We further demonstrate that YTHDC1 O-GlcNAcylation promotes HR-mediated DNA damage repair and cell survival, probably through recruitment of Rad51 to the damage sites. We propose that YTHDC1 O-GlcNAcylation is instrumental for HR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 868-879"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47374295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the influence of copper recycling on prospective resource supply and carbon emission reduction 考察铜回收利用对未来资源供应和碳减排的影响

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.022

Jinhui Li , Disna Eheliyagoda , Yong Geng , Zhiming Yang , Xianlai Zeng

{"title":"Examining the influence of copper recycling on prospective resource supply and carbon emission reduction","authors":"Jinhui Li , Disna Eheliyagoda , Yong Geng , Zhiming Yang , Xianlai Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper is an economic and strategic metal consumed and produced in many nations. Previous studies of future copper demand and supply have revealed some deficiencies at the macro level. To minimize these gaps, we present here a comprehensive recycling scenario to examine the future copper sustainability for more than 50 countries by 2100. End-of-life metal recycling optimization can be a transparent, flexible and broadly applicable solution, coupled with circular economy strategies to reduce the supply of such metals and related environmental risks. Substantial recycling (estimated at 40 to 65 percent) would be more conducive to reducing primary demand in regions with large populations and rapid industrial growth. Although Latin America and Caribbean, Africa and Oceania can be identified as regions with low demand and recycling intentions by 2100, carbon emissions in Latin America will peak at 70 million tons by 2050 owing to concentrated primary copper production. In order to fully realize recycling targets, more efforts should be made to formulate policies and regulations for the copper industry, systematically scrap collection, and innovate effective technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 740-747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44104012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis of breast cancer by mammography microcalcification 基于人工智能的乳腺微钙化乳腺摄影诊断癌症

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.018

Qing Lin , Wei-Min Tan , Jing-Yu Ge , Yan Huang , Qin Xiao , Ying-Ying Xu , Yi-Ting Jin , Zhi-Ming Shao , Ya-Jia Gu , Bo Yan , Ke-Da Yu

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis of breast cancer by mammography microcalcification","authors":"Qing Lin , Wei-Min Tan , Jing-Yu Ge , Yan Huang , Qin Xiao , Ying-Ying Xu , Yi-Ting Jin , Zhi-Ming Shao , Ya-Jia Gu , Bo Yan , Ke-Da Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammography is the mainstream imaging modality used for breast cancer screening. Identification of microcalcifications associated with malignancy may result in early diagnosis of breast cancer and aid in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is a promising technique due to its efficiency and accuracy. Here, we demonstrated that an automated deep-learning pipeline for microcalcification detection and classification on mammography can facilitate early diagnosis of breast cancer. This technique can not only provide the classification results of mammography, but also annotate specific calcification regions. A large mammography dataset was collected, including 4,810 mammograms with 6,663 microcalcification lesions based on biopsy results, of which 3,301 were malignant and 3,362 were benign. The system was developed and tested using images from multiple centers. The overall classification accuracy values for discriminating between benign and malignant breasts were 0.8124 for the training set and 0.7237 for the test set. The sensitivity values of malignant breast cancer prediction were 0.8891 for the training set and 0.7778 for the test set. In addition, we collected information regarding pathological sub-type (pathotype) and estrogen receptor (ER) status, and we subsequently explored the effectiveness of deep learning-based pathotype and ER classification. Automated artificial intelligence (AI) systems may assist clinicians in making judgments and improve their efficiency in breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 880-889"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46567922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant-derived nanovesicles: Promising therapeutics and drug delivery nanoplatforms for brain disorders 植物提取的纳米颗粒：治疗脑部疾病的前景看好的疗法和给药纳米平台

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.007

Ruoning Wang , Yingjie Zhang , Yumiao Guo , Wei Zeng , Jinge Li , Jie Wu , Nengjin Li , Anran Zhu , Jiale Li , Liuqing Di , Peng Cao

{"title":"Plant-derived nanovesicles: Promising therapeutics and drug delivery nanoplatforms for brain disorders","authors":"Ruoning Wang , Yingjie Zhang , Yumiao Guo , Wei Zeng , Jinge Li , Jie Wu , Nengjin Li , Anran Zhu , Jiale Li , Liuqing Di , Peng Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs), including plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) and plant exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNs), are natural nano-sized membranous vesicles containing bioactive molecules. PDNVs consist of a bilayer of lipids that can effectively encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, improving drug stability and solubility as well as providing increased bioavailability, reduced systemic toxicity, and enhanced target accumulation. Bioengineering strategies can also be exploited to modify the PDNVs to achieve precise targeting, controlled drug release, and massive production. Meanwhile, they are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to transport the cargo to the lesion sites without harboring human pathogens, making them excellent therapeutic agents and drug delivery nanoplatform candidates for brain diseases. Herein, this article provides an initial exposition on the fundamental characteristics of PDNVs, including biogenesis, uptake process, isolation, purification, characterization methods, and source. Additionally, it sheds light on the investigation of PDNVs’ utilization in brain diseases while also presenting novel perspectives on the obstacles and clinical advancements associated with PDNVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 830-850"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorination strategy toward chemical and functional modification

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.08.017

Haotian Qiu , Shilie Pan , Miriding Mutailipu

引用次数: 0

Gut microbiome and liver diseases

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.09.007

Jun Xu , Ning Chen , Zhou Li , Yulan Liu

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Future research of supply chain resilience: Network perspectives and incorporation of more stakeholders

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.012

L. Jeff Hong , Jinzhi Li , Xiaole Wu , Shuyue Yi

{"title":"Future research of supply chain resilience: Network perspectives and incorporation of more stakeholders","authors":"L. Jeff Hong , Jinzhi Li , Xiaole Wu , Shuyue Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, global supply chains face great challenges driven by events such as trade wars, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine War. Since the disruptions caused by such shocks are more systematic and the duration is harder to predict compared to natural disasters or other operational risks, we highlight two features for future supply chain research: network perspectives and incorporation of more stakeholders such as governments that can influence overarching performances of industrial and supply chains. From the network perspective, we review the literature on vulnerable nodes & links identification, risk propagation modeling, network resilience measures, and disruption mitigation strategies. We suggest promising research directions such as deriving non-probabilistic resilience measures that can incorporate dynamics, extending existing methods for bottleneck detection to the network setting, balancing efficiency and resilience in a more sophisticated way, etc. In terms of incorporating more stakeholders’ roles in supply chain network decisions, we review the relevant literature and discuss research opportunities on governments’ roles in global supply chains (i.e., an external circulation perspective) and in incentivizing firms’ R&D and stimulating domestic demand (i.e., an internal circulation perspective). We suggest topics including global supply chain resilience evaluation using trade networks, technology networks, and firm ownership networks, the impact of trade policies with network perspectives, design of tariff and non-tariff measures under trade agreements, domestic industry relocation, evaluating the effects of government subsidies on firms’ long-term innovation, and design of subsidy strategies for supply chain stability and resilience. We believe research on supply chain resilience will thrive in the years ahead, better supporting firms’ and governments’ decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 486-495"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coherent detection of pulsed terahertz waves in solid, gaseous, and liquid media

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.08.003

Guoyang Wang , Ruoxi Wu , Liangliang Zhang , Cunlin Zhang , X.-C. Zhang

引用次数: 0

Analyzing work zone effects on vehicular flow on an annular freeway with a tunnel 带隧道环形高速公路上工作区对车辆流量的影响分析

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.018

Zhongmin Huang , M.N. Smirnova , N.N. Smirnov , Zuojin Zhu

{"title":"Analyzing work zone effects on vehicular flow on an annular freeway with a tunnel","authors":"Zhongmin Huang , M.N. Smirnova , N.N. Smirnov , Zuojin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a three lane continuum model to analyze the effects of a work zone on vehicular flow on an annular freeway with a tunnel. The model expresses the mandatory lane changing rate just upstream of the work zone in an explicit algebraic form with the relevant random parameter generated from golden section analysis, and describes the discretionary lane changing rate between adjacent lanes with a lane changing time depending on local traffic flow density and relaxation time. It is assumed that the annular freeway has three lanes, a work zone with a length of 0.2 km and lane II completely blocked, an upstream tunnel of 1.5 km long, and an initial jam between the tunnel and work zone. The three lane continuum model is applied in vehicular flow simulation with a 3rd order accuracy numerical scheme. Numerical results also indicate that golden section application in the analysis of work zone effects is helpful in obtaining density thresholds of traffic jam formation, the time averaged traffic speed through the tunnel, dependencies of mean travel time, and vehicle fuel consumption on the initial density normalized by jam density. Numerical results reveal that there are two density thresholds of traffic jam formation, if both density thresholds are normalized by traffic jam density, the first threshold relating to the work zone is 0.14, while the second depending on the tunnel is 0.21. In the absence of a work zone, the mean travel time through lane I is slightly longer than that estimated for cases with a work zone. As soon as initial density is above the second threshold, the time averaged speed through the tunnel is 31.91 km/h, which agrees well with published data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 748-755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48588557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0