Fundamental Research最新文献_第4页

Unexpected d–p orbital covalent interaction between the non-d-block main-group metal tellurium and fluorine at high pressure 非d嵌段主族金属碲和氟在高压下意外的d- p轨道共价相互作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.001

Yan Gao , Tian Cui , Da Li

引用次数: 0

Elucidating the roles of oxygen defects-rich TiOxNy shell in Ti-based electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction 富氧缺陷TiOxNy壳在ti基电催化剂中氧还原强化反应中的作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006

Xiaohang Zhu , Zongtao Zhao , Jialiu Tang , Xuan Peng , Han-Don Um , Xiaopeng Li , Qi Xiao , Wei Luo

{"title":"Elucidating the roles of oxygen defects-rich TiOxNy shell in Ti-based electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Xiaohang Zhu , Zongtao Zhao , Jialiu Tang , Xuan Peng , Han-Don Um , Xiaopeng Li , Qi Xiao , Wei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ti-based materials are among the most widely studied catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the actual roles of the catalytically active sites in N-doped Ti-based electrocatalysts are still unclear. In this work, TiO<sub>2</sub> and TiN were used as the precursors for the thermal nitridation and oxidation reactions at high temperatures, respectively. Titanium oxynitride (TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub>) species with abundant oxygen defects, formed on the surface of the as-prepared catalysts, were found to play an essential role to achieve the uniform distribution of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles <em>via</em> atomic layer deposition, thereby enhancing the ORR performance. The TiN-supported Pt catalyst showed excellent ORR performance and stability in acidic conditions, with an onset potential of 0.88 V and a half-wave potential of 0.76 V (<em>vs</em>. RHE). The catalyst also delivered a mass activity of 112 A g<sub>Pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>, which is 1.9 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. A combination of experiments and characterizations confirmed that the synergistic effects between the outer TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub> shell with abundant oxygen defects and the high-conductivity TiN core contribute to the enhanced ORR performance. The present work sheds light on the essential roles of oxygen defect-rich TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub> species in Ti-based electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1134-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135427904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical recycling of waste plastics: Current challenges and perspectives 废塑料的化学再循环：当前挑战与前景

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.023

Leilei Cheng , Xueru Chen , Jing Gu , Noriyuki Kobayashi , Haoran Yuan , Yong Chen

引用次数: 0

Quantum entanglement dynamics of spacetime and matter 时空和物质的量子纠缠动力学

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004

Zeng-Bing Chen

{"title":"Quantum entanglement dynamics of spacetime and matter","authors":"Zeng-Bing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It was known long ago that quantum theory and general relativity are in sharp conflict in their foundations. Their fundamental inconsistencies render a consistent theory of quantum gravity the most challenging problem in physics. Here we propose an information-complete quantum field theory (ICQFT), which describes elementary fermions, their gauge fields, and gravity (together, called the trinary fields) as an elementary trinity without any conceptual inconsistency of existing theories. The ICQFT unifies matter and spacetime (gravity) as information via spacetime-matter entanglement, which encodes complete physical predictions of the theory and leads to a compelling solution to the problem of time. We consider two particular forms of spacetime-matter entangled states and their physical consequences. One of them results in a universal relation between entanglement entropy and geometry (area and volume), allowing us to determine the cosmological constant term in the classical Einstein equation. Based on a quantum-information definition of dark energy, our Universe is not strictly holographic. We predict the interior quantum state of a Schwarzschild black hole to be maximally information-complete. As a concrete quantum formulation of gravity coupled with matter, the ICQFT is quantum entanglement dynamics for spacetime and matter and eliminates the conceptual obstacles of existing quantum gravity theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 999-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Nonlinearity in optomechanical microresonators –phenomena, applications, and future 光机械微谐振器中的非线性现象、应用与未来

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.017

Zhenning Yang , Xiaohe Tang , Jing Zhang

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SOGO-SOFI, light-modulated super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging using only 20 raw frames for high-fidelity reconstruction SOGO-SOFI，光调制超分辨率光学波动成像，仅使用20个原始帧进行高保真重建

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.03.007

Fudong Xue , Wenting He , Dingming Peng , Hui You , Mingshu Zhang , Pingyong Xu

{"title":"SOGO-SOFI, light-modulated super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging using only 20 raw frames for high-fidelity reconstruction","authors":"Fudong Xue , Wenting He , Dingming Peng , Hui You , Mingshu Zhang , Pingyong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taking advantage of the stochastic photoswitching of genetically encodable reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs), super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) and its variant photochromic stochastic optical fluctuation imaging (pcSOFI) are valuable tools for wide field super-resolution (SR) imaging. Live-cell (pc)SOFI, which requires a small number of original frames to reconstruct an SR image, is prone to structural discontinuity artifacts and low spatial resolution. Herein, we developed a repeated synchronized on- and gradually off-switching SOFI (SOGO-SOFI) that maximized the photoswitching frequency of RSFPs by light modulation and required only 20 frames for high-quality reconstruction. Live-cell SOGO-SOFI imaging of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exhibited 10 times higher temporal resolution (100 fps) and fewer artifacts than pcSOFI. Moreover, a combination of SOGO-SOFI with Airyscan further increased the image contrast and the resolution of Airyscan by a factor of 1.5 from 140 nm to 91 nm. The capabilities of SOGO-SOFI were further demonstrated by dual-color imaging of nucleolar proteins in mammalian cells and deep imaging of ER structures in thick brain slices (20.6 µm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1025-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134946023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinspired multi-scale core-spun yarn-based solar evaporator for ultra-efficient and durable high-salinity brine desalination 基于生物启发的多尺度包芯纺纱太阳能蒸发器，用于超高效、耐用的高盐度盐水淡化

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.006

Ailin Li , Mantang He , Maorong Zheng , Han Liu , Ye Liu , Huijie Liu , Jianyong Yu , Liming Wang , Xiaohong Qin

{"title":"Bioinspired multi-scale core-spun yarn-based solar evaporator for ultra-efficient and durable high-salinity brine desalination","authors":"Ailin Li , Mantang He , Maorong Zheng , Han Liu , Ye Liu , Huijie Liu , Jianyong Yu , Liming Wang , Xiaohong Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial desalination has been considered a promising and green technology for relieving worldwide water shortage because of its zero carbon emission. However, salt accumulation during evaporation results in a significant reduction in solar evaporation performance and sustained service life. High-performance and long-term salt-rejecting solar evaporators are urgently desirable. Inspired by the rapid water transfer driven by leaf transpiration and the capillary pressure in woody plants, we developed electrospun polyacrylonitrile @carbon nanotubes nanofiber/cotton core-spun yarn (PCCS yarn) based solar evaporator enabled by the multi-branch microchannels and sub-microchannels for ultra-efficient and durable high-salinity brine desalination. The optimal PCCS yarn-based solar evaporator exhibits a record-high evaporation rate of 3.46 kg m<sup>−2</sup>h<sup>−1</sup> under one sun illumination among 2D evaporators. Meanwhile, an excellent and stable brine desalination rate of ∼2.75 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for 100 h continuous solar irradiation is achieved even in 20wt% NaCl solution. The above results are attributed to the massive micro evaporation surfaces formed between nanofibers, rapid water replenishment in the radius direction, and orientational fast water transport by Laplace pressure along and across the PCCS yarn. In addition, the continuous preparation of the core-spun yarn by the conjugated electrospinning technology and the complete fabric production process in the textile industry make it possible for the practical application of the PCCS yarn-based solar evaporator. This work promotes the development of high-performance, long-term and scalable solar desalination devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1144-1152"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Omicron knocks at door: An inverted U-shape relationship between virus proximity and prosocial behavior 当奥密克戎敲门时：病毒接近度和亲社会行为之间的倒U型关系

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.003

Cheng Zhang , Lixian Qian , Wen Yu , Jian-Qiang Hu , Xiongwen Lu

{"title":"When Omicron knocks at door: An inverted U-shape relationship between virus proximity and prosocial behavior","authors":"Cheng Zhang , Lixian Qian , Wen Yu , Jian-Qiang Hu , Xiongwen Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The literature suggests inconsistent evidence regarding the influence of danger on prosocial behavior. We explore this issue through a nationwide survey of 8567 households in China during the COVID-19 Omicron variant outbreak in 2022. In a zero-COVID policy, China chose to quarantine all neighborhoods with viral infections. The almost random presence of infected cases provides an opportunity to examine the relationship between the proximity of danger (i.e. potential Omicron infection) and the prosocial behavior of residents in quarantine zones. For the first time, we find an inverted U-shape relationship: residents exhibit a stronger prosocial behavior when living closer to infected cases in the neighborhood, but this positive effect diminishes when they are too close to each other. Furthermore, such non-linear relationship is salient in residents’ interpersonal helping but not in their cooperative behavior. Policymakers should be mindful of the different prosocial responses and target their efforts to help communities navigate quarantine periods more effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1233-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A recent survey on controllable text generation: A causal perspective 关于可控文本生成的最新调查：因果视角

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.001

Junli Wang , Chenyang Zhang , Dongyu Zhang , Haibo Tong , Chungang Yan , Changjun Jiang

{"title":"A recent survey on controllable text generation: A causal perspective","authors":"Junli Wang , Chenyang Zhang , Dongyu Zhang , Haibo Tong , Chungang Yan , Changjun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an important subject of natural language generation, Controllable Text Generation (CTG) focuses on integrating additional constraints and controls while generating texts and has attracted a lot of attention. Existing controllable text generation approaches mainly capture the statistical association implied within training texts, but generated texts lack causality consideration. This paper intends to review recent CTG approaches from a causal perspective. Firstly, according to previous research on basic types of CTG models, it is discovered that their essence is to obtain the association, and then four kinds of challenges caused by absence of causality are introduced. Next, this paper reviews the improvements to address these challenges from four aspects, namely representation disentanglement, causal inference, knowledge enhancement and multi-aspect CTG respectively. Additionally, this paper inspects existing evaluations of CTG, especially evaluations for causality of CTG. Finally, this review discusses some future research directions for the causality improvement of CTG and makes a conclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1194-1203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent progress in upcycling of plastic wastes into value-added chemicals via photo-, electro- and photoelectro-catalytic strategies 通过光催化、电催化和光电催化策略将塑料废弃物转化为高附加值化学品的最新进展

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.015

Yuanbo Liu , Haohong Duan

引用次数: 0