Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Electricity generation from co-pyrolysis gas of fresh palm fruit bunches and medical waste plastic bottles for sustainable energy applications","authors":"Songkran Wiriyasart ,&nbsp;Nathawat Unsomsri ,&nbsp;Pichai Asadamongkon ,&nbsp;Sittinun Tawkaew ,&nbsp;Surachai Narrat Jansri ,&nbsp;Sommas Kaewluan","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-pyrolysis gas produced from the co-pyrolysis of fresh palm fruit bunches and medical waste plastic bottles using a batch pyrolyzer integrated with a downdraft gasifier was evaluated for sustainable electricity generation. Increasing the plastic fraction enhanced the gas heating value (41.43–55.53 MJ/Nm³) but decreased gas yield from 22.7 % to 9.0 %. Electrical efficiency was calculated based on the ratio of output power to syngas energy content, achieving 8.96–9.01 %. Engine tests showed a reduction in CO emissions (30,149–17,419 ppm) and comparable NO_x levels to gasoline combustion. These results demonstrate the co-pyrolysis gas's potential as a renewable fuel for decentralized power.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of airflow and N/P ratio on CO2 removal by chlorella vulgaris: A study with real-time monitoring using low-cost sensors","authors":"Diego Miguel Gutierrez Rodriguez ,&nbsp;María Albertina Alvarado Orbegoso ,&nbsp;Claudio Eduardo Quiñones Cerna ,&nbsp;Yrwin Francisco Azabache Liza ,&nbsp;Ronald Fernando Rodriguez Espinoza ,&nbsp;Heber Max Robles Castillo ,&nbsp;Adolfo Enrique Guerrero Escobedo","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change represents one of the greatest challenges we face globally, and reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions is among the most urgent actions. In this study, we explored an alternative approach using microalgae (<em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>) to capture CO₂ from the air, employing an Arduino-controlled biofiltration system with accessible sensors such as the MQ-135 and TESTO 535. We tested different airflow rates (50, 75, and 100 L per hour) and nutrient combinations (N/P ratios of 0, 108.33, and 216.67) to identify the most efficient conditions. Unlike other studies, we integrated real-time monitoring of variables such as CO₂ concentration, temperature, and light within a modular, easily adaptable system. The best results were achieved with a flow rate of 100 L/h and an N/P ratio of 216.67, yielding a capture efficiency of 34.88 % and a daily productivity of nearly to 1 g/L. This proposal demonstrates that it is possible to develop effective, economical, and replicable solutions that combine accessible technology and biotechnology to help mitigate climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant role of anionic behavior of cocoyl glutamate on lead(II) ion adsorption towards activated carbon adsorbent from cigarette butts","authors":"Moh Zeinur Ridho ,&nbsp;Retno Pertiwi ,&nbsp;Eldo Delta Bagaskara ,&nbsp;Raya Rambu Rambani ,&nbsp;Chika Synthia Pitaloka ,&nbsp;Fanta Mei Wahyuni ,&nbsp;Istiqomah Rahmawati ,&nbsp;Muhammad Reza","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cigarette butts are one of the most abundant waste in the world, being dangerous due to non-biodegradable behavior and highly toxic. Cigarette butts can be converted to activated carbon (CA) which can be used as an adsorbent. However, the synthesized CA lacks functional groups facilitating the interaction with adsorbate, like heavy metal. This paper investigates the effect of Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate (DCG) modification on CA towards lead(II) ion adsorptions. CA was synthesized from cigarette butt waste through several vital processes, like flash carbonization and activation. The surfactant used in this study was DCG due to its natural and anionic behavior, with varied concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 % (v/v)). Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the structure of both CA and CA-DCG mainly consists of aromatic rings functionalized by several oxygen functional groups, such as carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Adding DCG increases the number of carbonyl groups in the CA confirmed by infrared and elemental analysis data. The obtained CA-DCGs have an amorphous property and a slightly porous structure. The presence of DCG also affects CA-DCG crystallinity, which increases the amorphous content as the concentration of DCG increases. The adsorption results show that the equilibrium removal efficiency significantly increased from 25 % to 99 % as DCG was introduced to the CA. CA-DCG 0.1 % demonstrated the highest maximum adsorption capacity of 9.89 mg/g. The presence of DCG markedly enhances the affinity of CA towards lead(II) ions due to its anionic behavior. Based on these results, CA-DCG is potentially applied as a lead(II) ion adsorbent. It also could reduce the existing cigarette butt waste in the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity of insecticide quinalphos-based Kinalux 25EC on fingerling climbing perch (Anabas testudineus): Brain cholinesterase and growth inhibitions","authors":"Nguyen Van Cong ,&nbsp;Tran Hoang Kha ,&nbsp;Bui Thi Bich Hang ,&nbsp;Duong Tri Dung ,&nbsp;Tran Sy Nam","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to determine median lethal concentration (LC50) and effects at sublethal levels of quinalphos on brain cholinesterase (ChE) and growth of fingerlings climbing perch (<em>Anabas testudineus</em>). Results showed that LC₅₀-96 h was 1.88 mg L⁻¹. Brain ChE activity was significantly inhibited at concentration of 10 % LC₅₀-96h or higher up to the end 96 h of exposure. In the growth experiment, specific growth rate was inhibited 48.0 % and 34.8 % at treatment 10 % and 20 % LC50-96h, respectively while feed conversion ratio elevated to 164.5 % control at treatment 10 % and to 132.3 % at treatment 20 % LC50-96h. Survival rates were 86 % at 10 % LC50-96h and 34.7 % at 20 % LC50-96h. The study indicated that quinalphos is highly toxic for the climbing perch leading to potential health risk for this species living in rice fields of the Lower Mekong Delta. Monitoring and controlling quinalphos levels in aquatic environments are important acts to mitigating its adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. Promoting the use of less toxic or biodegradable pesticides is urgently needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143224183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly alkali-activated nano concrete: Impact of nano-GGBFS on mechanical and microstructural properties","authors":"Samuvel Raj R ,&nbsp;G. Prince Arulraj ,&nbsp;N. Anand ,&nbsp;Balamurali Kanagaraj ,&nbsp;Eva Lubloy","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂), which impacts the environment. To address this issue, the construction industry is focusing on reducing CO₂ emissions while improving the strength and microstructure of concrete through the use of nanomaterials (NM). This study investigates the fresh, mechanical, and microstructural properties of Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)-based Alkali-Activated Nano Concrete (AANC) with nano Ground granulated blast furnace Slag (nGS). The results show that varying concentrations of nGS enhanced the properties of AANC, with 12 % nGS yielding the best mechanical and microstructural performance. Microstructural studies, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), demonstrated superior geopolymerization at this optimal nGS content. The addition of nGS also reduced the setting time and increased compressive strength, leading to a denser, crack-free matrix. However, excessive nGS beyond the optimal content resulted in non-uniform distribution due to agglomeration. The findings suggest that incorporating nGS in AANC can significantly improve the performance and sustainability of construction materials. The economic analysis and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results collectively demonstrate the viability of nGS-enhanced AANC as a sustainable solution, offering long-term cost savings through reduced maintenance, extended service life, and energy efficiency, while significantly lowering environmental impacts across its lifecycle stages, positioning it as a high-performance and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional Portland cement-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of local coal in Pakistan's oil-fired power plants and future clean technologies for power generation","authors":"Qamar Abbas ,&nbsp;Haseeb Yaqoob ,&nbsp;Uzair Sajjad ,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Ali ,&nbsp;Muhammad Musaddiq Jamil","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pakistan possesses extensive lignite coal reserves that remain underutilized due to their low quality and reliance on imported oil for power generation. This study examines the feasibility of using local coal to replace oil in power plants while meeting global and local emission standards. The research explores clean coal technologies like Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) combined with Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and carbon capture systems to mitigate environmental impact. Economic, environmental, and technical comparisons with renewables highlight UCG-IGCC as a cost-effective, sustainable solution for Pakistan's energy challenges, offering pathways to reduced emissions and greater energy self-sufficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics and mechanisms of 4-chloroguaiacol removal by adsorption onto a novel amorphous carbon thin film synthesized from Hamelia patens leaves","authors":"Zaharaddeen N. Garba ,&nbsp;Chavalit Ratanatamskul","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work developed <em>Hamelia patens</em> Jacq leaves (an agricultural waste) as a novel amorphous carbon thin-film (HPL-ACTF) adsorbent, which was successfully employed in removal of 4-chloroguaiacol (4CG) from wastewater. Central composite design was used to optimize batch adsorption performance with the optimal conditions of 139 mg of adsorbent, 285 mg/L of 4CG concentration, and 195 min of adsorption time. The predicted and obtained 4CG removal efficiencies were 97.11 and 98.06 %, respectively. Langmuir isotherm could fit the equilibrium adsorption-data with the maximum adsorption capacity of 276.88 mg/g. Moreover, HPL-ACTF is cost-effective since it could be regenerated up to five times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS Contamination and Mitigation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Research Trends and Global Contributions","authors":"Motasem Y.D. Alazaiza ,&nbsp;Tharaa M. Alzghoul ,&nbsp;Madhusudhan Bangalore Ramu ,&nbsp;Salem S. Abu Amr ,&nbsp;Mohammed F.M. Abushammala","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Per</h3><div>and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic chemicals known for their persistence in the environment and potential adverse effects on human health. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 581 publications from the Scopus database, covering the period from 2015 to November 2024, to assess research trends and developments related to PFAS. The findings reveal a significant increase in research output, with the number of published articles rising from just 7 in 2015 to 134 in 2024, indicating a growing global awareness of PFAS contamination. \"Environmental Science\" emerges as the leading discipline, accounting for 44.8% of total publications, followed by Chemistry at 15%. The United States is the foremost contributor, with 216 publications and 11,213 citations, followed by China and Sweden. Common PFAS compounds, particularly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), have been widely detected in various ecosystems, including surface water, groundwater, and soil. These substances pose significant risks to aquatic organisms and human health due to their persistence and potential for bioaccumulation. The analysis highlights effective treatment methods for PFAS removal, such as adsorption and photocatalysis, which are crucial for mitigating environmental contamination. Prominent journals like \"Science of the Total Environment\" and \"Environmental Science and Technology\" play vital roles in disseminating research findings, while the \"National Natural Science Foundation\" of China is identified as a key funding source supporting numerous studies. Overall, the research underscores the need for innovative strategies and integrated management plans to combat PFAS pollution effectively. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance understanding of PFAS behavior in ecosystems and to develop effective remediation techniques, ultimately protecting water quality and public health from the multifaceted challenges posed by PFAS contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving roles of geophysics in environmental assessment, monitoring, and management of landfill leachate contaminant plumes: An overview","authors":"Joseph Omeiza Alao","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landfill leachate, a toxic brew of pollutants, poses a silent threat to water resources, ecosystems, and public health. Traditional monitoring methods struggle to grasp the full extent of this danger, leaving us blind to the insidious spread of contamination. This review highlights the crucial involvement of geophysics as a powerful tool to peer beneath the surface and unravel the mysteries of LLPs to address these challenges, showcasing its ability to detect, map, characterize, and monitor LLPs with unprecedented detail. The study examined the effectiveness of geophysical methods such as resistivity, seismic, electromagnetic (EM), and magnetic, heightening their strengths and limitations. Electrical resistivity Imaging (ERI) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) show higher strength in assessing and monitoring LLP contaminant plumes, seismic refraction tomography (SRT) and ground magnetic survey (GMS) show moderate strength with very low-frequency EM (VLF-EM) technology falls short, especially in detecting and mapping disjoint subsurface contaminant plumes. Comparative studies from different geophysical methods from noteworthy literature show that LLPs often exhibit geophysical properties (density, magnetism, or conductivity) higher or lower than the host environment, allowing geophysical tools to detect and map them at rapid speed, low cost, and high accuracy and resolution, without surface/subsurface invasion and secondary contamination intrusion. Despite the significant contribution of geophysical techniques in understanding the behaviour of LLPs within the subsurface, it may not replace direct investigations such as geological borehole data and geochemical water analysis completely for adequate environmental monitoring. However, some key influencing factors such as subsurface porosity, hydraulic conductivity, redox conditions, heterogeneity contaminant, geological properties, water soil contents, and groundwater flow dynamics, seem to have a significant influence on the geophysical data acquisition, potentially projecting false positive/negative results. Case studies demonstrated where geophysics stands and delivers in enhancing the understanding of LLPs, guiding sustainable waste management practices. In conclusion, geophysics offers a non-invasive, cost-effective, and high-resolution approach to LLP management. Future research should focus on developing advanced data interpretation techniques, integrating geophysical data with other environmental monitoring data, and exploring the use of artificial intelligence for automated analysis and prediction of LLP behaviour, which ultimately aiding the environmental decision-makers in addressing ecological challenges and designing/managing landfill sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative assessment of heavy metal risks in mining polluted sediments and soils of Aguascalientes, Mexico","authors":"Thanya Crespo-Toledo ,&nbsp;Francisco Avelar-González ,&nbsp;Alma Guerrero-Barrera ,&nbsp;Kerry Mitchell ,&nbsp;Laura Yamamoto-Flores ,&nbsp;Oscar Flores-Amaro","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual metals from mining activities pose significant risks to both the environment and human health, especially when they exist in bioavailable and mobile forms. In areas where complex physicochemical characteristics make it difficult to estimate metal mobility, assessing these risks requires an integrated approach. In this case study environmental risk was assessed by integrating the following indicators: ratio between total metal concentration and reference values, geoaccumulation index (Igeo), risk characterization ratio (RCR) and mobility factor (MF). The highest concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in sediments were 45.95, 743.01, 220.24 and 2992.84 mg/Kg, respectively while the concentrations in soils were 26.23, 953, 553.46, and 11948.80 mg/Kg, respectively. The Igeo confirmed moderate to heavily contaminated soils and sediments. Additionally, the RCR exceeded the quotient 1 for all metals, suggesting a significant ecological risk. High MF (up to 70 %) was observed for Cd in both sediments and soils. However, for Pb, Cu and Zn an average of 15 % was observed only in sediments. This study reveals that physicochemical characteristics, pH, Eh, texture, organic matter and CEC influence metal mobility and indicate anthropogenic metal contamination in readily available forms, highlighting the importance of comprehensive physicochemical evaluations and integrative use of different pollution indicators when assessing contamination levels and evaluating associated risks of polluted environments to both human health and the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143224182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}