Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Functionalized graphite into hydrophilic activated carbon: Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption studies","authors":"Taufik Qodar Romadiansyah ,&nbsp;Fadias Rara Ardana Lakuy ,&nbsp;Rendy Muhamad Iqbal ,&nbsp;Utari Zulfiani ,&nbsp;Agus Wedi Pratama ,&nbsp;Adi Setyo Purnomo ,&nbsp;Subaer Subaer ,&nbsp;Triyanda Gunawan ,&nbsp;Zeni Rahmawati ,&nbsp;Asranudin ,&nbsp;Nurul Widiastuti","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionalization of graphite by alkali activation and oxidation by chemical treatment has not been explored. The hydrophobic nature of carbon poses a particular challenge when used as an agent in water treatment applications in particular. Modification with hydrophilic groups on carbon makes carbon a promising material because of its good properties and used in various sectors. This study focused on the synthesis of hydrophilic activated carbon (HAC) from graphite by activation using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrophilization with ammonium persulfate (APS). The effects of functionalization on the surface chemical properties, wettability, and morphology were evaluated using various techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the functionalization results with the appearance of hydroxyl groups. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the carbon surface properties by total survey scan, showing the presence of N 1s and S 2p peaks on HAC. Contact angle values showed an increase in hydrophilicity from 88 ± 1.5° to 39 ± 1.0° for graphite and HAC, respectively. The absorption time also showed that HAC has active hydrophilic groups that can absorb water droplets in less than 0.60 s. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results also showed an increase in the number of pores on HAC. The methylene blue (MB) adsorption study showed that HAC had an adsorption capacity of 49.399 mg/g with a removal percent of 98.798 % at optimum conditions with an initial MB concentration of 50 mg/L, contact time of 240 minutes, and adsorbent dose of 0.1 g/100 mL. The adsorption kinetics of MB, AC, and HAC fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir model provided the best fit to the experimental data, indicating a homogeneous and monolayer adsorbent surface. Accordingly, the synthesized HAC can effectively and reliably remediate wastewater contamination with organic pollutant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted metabolomic LC-HRMS combined with chemometric reveal metabolites change from sorghum flakes affected by food processing","authors":"Ayu Septi Anggraeni ,&nbsp;Lucky Prabowo Miftachul Alam ,&nbsp;Indrawati Dian Utami ,&nbsp;Yuniar Khasanah ,&nbsp;Laely Nurfahmi ,&nbsp;Ika Mulawati Purwanti Noviana ,&nbsp;Anjar Windarsih ,&nbsp;Suratno","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A non-targeted UHPLC-HRMS metabolomics approach combined with chemometric analysis was employed to assess the change in metabolite profiles of sorghum flakes based on food processing techniques. The result showed that fatty acids were the most abundant metabolites, followed by lipids, amino acids, alkaloids, amines, and polyphenols, representing key metabolic markers influenced by food processing in sorghum flakes. Specific metabolites, including 15S-Hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (15S-HETrE), terminaline, vitamin E acetate, furan fatty acid F6, all-trans-retinal, and fingolimod, exhibited increased concentrations during oven processing compared to raw sorghum, likely due to their thermal stability. This study provides valuable insights into effect of food processing effect on metabolites profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics pollution in Australia: Sources, impacts, and mitigation strategies","authors":"Rumana Hossain,&nbsp;Anirban Ghose,&nbsp;Veena Sahajwalla","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducts a detailed review of the existing Australian research about microplastics in sediments, indoor air, road dust, fresh water, marine water, and living organisms. A summary of characteristics such as polymer type, size, shape, and abundance of microplastics in samples is also presented. Different sources, fates, and entry routes of microplastics into the terrestrial and aquatic environments are also described. The effect of microplastics on humans, organisms, and ecosystem is summarised and presented. This work provides important data to Australian government and policy makers for the development of urgent strategies and policies to reduce microplastics pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework model to prioritize groundwater management actions based on the concept of dominant risk: An application to the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil","authors":"Fernando António Leal Pacheco ,&nbsp;Victor Hugo Sarrazin Lima ,&nbsp;João Paulo Moura ,&nbsp;Mariângela Dutra de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Lucien Akabassi ,&nbsp;Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to assess the risk of groundwater contamination in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil), with a focus on the city of Vitória (the state capital), based on the so-called “Vulnerability <em>versus</em> Hazard” method. This method consists in assessing the risk of groundwater contamination using as base data the intrinsics's aquifer vulnerability and the main human activities as proxies of hazards. The assessment based on this approach results in a quadrant system that links different levels of risk to different management priorities, allowing the implementation of mitigating actions according to the identified level of risk. In this study, the method was adapted to identify a dominant risk, which was the most impacting among the hazards related with industrial, infrastructure or agricultural activities. The results showed a dominant risk map with significant levels classified as high and moderate in the northern regions and along the coast of Espírito Santo state, due to the concentration of various human activities. In the Vitória's metropolitan and southern regions of the state, the risk of contamination was lower, due to the characteristics of soil and the presence of fractured aquifers that act as natural barriers. However, there were exceptions, such as between Alegre and Castelo areas, which indicated incidental threats to public health due to human activities. The analysis of Vitória municipality showed 46.9 % of the area at very low risk, 5.5 % at low risk, 35 % at medium risk and 12.6 % at high risk. It is noteworthy that 47.6 % of this municipality is already at a moderate or high-risk level, highlighting significant environmental challenges around the Santa Maria River, the Vitória airport area and the Camburi beach. Overall, the study of groundwater contamination risk in the state of Espírito Santo revealed a challenging scenario, highlighting the urgency of effective actions to promote environmental resilience in Vitória.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the effect of impurity inclusions in the form of oxy-nitride phases in NiAl2O4 ceramics on resistance to high-temperature degradation during hydrogen saturation of near-surface layers","authors":"Gulnaz Zh Moldabayeva ,&nbsp;Artem L. Kozlovskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The degradation resistance growth of anode ceramic materials with the possibility of maintaining the stability of electrochemical and thermal conductivity properties under conditions of long-term high-temperature operation is one of the key directions in the development of solid oxide fuel cells. This article examines the possibility of modification of NiAl₂O₄ ceramics by adding aluminum nitride to them during the synthesis process, which leads to the formation of inclusions in the form of oxy-nitride grains. The interest in this class of ceramics is due to their structural features, which allows to consider them as one of the promising types of ceramics in the field of anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells. During assessment of the influence of impurity inclusions in the form of the oxy-nitride Al₇O₃N₅ phase in the composition of NiAl₂O₄ ceramics on the deformation-induced swelling of the crystal structure of the damaged layer under high-dose irradiation, it was established that an elevation in the impurity phase concentration from 2.5 to 7.0 wt % results in swelling resistance growth by more than 4 times compared to NiAl₂O₄ ceramics without impurity inclusions. It was also determined that the presence of impurity inclusions in the composition of NiAl₂O₄ ceramics leads to a decrease in the coefficient of thermal volumetric expansion, a reduction of which indicates increased stability of the crystalline structure of ceramics to external temperature influences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of novel 1,2,3-triazole-decorated unsymmetrical monocarbonyl curcumin analogs","authors":"Bayu Ardiansah ,&nbsp;Ahmad Farhan ,&nbsp;Novita Sari Nurhasanah ,&nbsp;Mochammad Arfin Fardiansyah Nasution ,&nbsp;Noordini M. Salleh ,&nbsp;Kenji Mizuguchi ,&nbsp;Antonius Herry Cahyana ,&nbsp;Lina Mardiana","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unsymmetrical monocarbonyl curcumin analogs containing 1,2,3-triazole scaffold (<strong>5a-5f</strong>) have been synthesized from vanillin. <strong>5d</strong>, which contains a carboxylic group, exhibited the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, with an IC₅₀ of 0.56 mM against DPPH and an IC₅₀ of 38.25 ± 4.79 μM against MCF-7 cells. Docking studies revealed that <strong>5d</strong> has high binding affinity for the tubulin protein, with predicted binding value of −10.4 kcal/mol. Additionally, in silico ADME predictions indicated that <strong>5d</strong> demonstrates high gastrointestinal absorption and moderate intrinsic clearance. These findings indicate that the designed compounds, particularly compound <strong>5d</strong>, could be promising for developing a new drug candidate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiesel production of WCO-neem oil and mixed using pilot plant scale with ultrasound and overhead stirred and characteristic of emissions in fire tube boiler","authors":"Suherman ,&nbsp;Ilmi ,&nbsp;M. Sabri ,&nbsp;Edo Fransisko Ginting ,&nbsp;Josua Jose Silalahi","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The boiler is one of the industrial machines that consumes the most fuel and boilers are significant contributors to air pollution. This study aims to compare the physicochemical properties of biodiesel a mixture of WCO oil and neem oil (70:30) using a pilot plant scale with different types of stirring (overhead and ultrasound). Subsequently, the produced biodiesel was tested for fuel consumption rate and exhaust emissions generated from combustion in a fire-tube boiler. The optimum yield was found using an ultrasound stirrer at a temperature of 60 °C, KOH loading 2 w/w%, with an molar ratio methanol to oil of 12:1 and a reaction time of 75 min, which is 98.70 %. The addition of neem oil to WCO oil increased the oxidative stability and reduced the pour point, and cloud point of WCONOME, by 184.85 %, 16.67 %, and 52 % respectively. Next, the ultrasound stirrer biodiesel with higher density and kinematic viscosity compared to the overhead stirrer, although the flash point and cetane number were lower. Increasing the biodiesel ratio in diesel fuel reduced exhaust emissions (CO, CO₂, and HC) produced by the boiler. Interestingly, the exhaust emissions of WCONOME were lower than compared to palm biodiesel POME30. The physicochemical properties of WCONOME biodiesel have met the ASTM 6751 standard. Finally, biodiesel from a mixture of waste cooking oil and neem oil has great potential to replace diesel fuel as a fire-tube boiler fuel for generating green energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the situation of municipal solid waste in Amman City using small cell areas","authors":"Aymen Awad","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the solid waste situation in Amman City. Amman is the capital of Jordan with 3 million people. The rates of solid waste generation, its composition, and the types and quantities of solid waste were all investigated. These parameters were tested against families’ members, sites in different locations, monthly income, and seasonal time. Results could be used as key solution for Jordanian solid waste landfills problems and for future improvements. Four locations with different sites at a distance of 20 km from the city center were selected to do the investigations during the period started from September 2022 until August 2023. It was found that the average solid waste generation rate ranged from 0.6 to 1 kg/capita/day. The solid waste types and compositions were found typically similar to compositions of solid waste generated in most world countries. The average percent compositions of solid waste generated in the city were as follows: 63 % organic waste which represented the large portion of solid waste composition, 13.5 % plastic waste, 14.8 % paper waste, 3.2 % metal waste, 2.6 % glass waste, and the remaining 2.9 % was miscellaneous rubbish. Findings also reflected the current situation of solid waste landfills serving the city. Results recommend that most of the Jordanian landfills have to be rehabilitated and maintained according to the estimate solid waste generation rates, contents, types, and quantities. Results indicated that the city needs to construct an effective solid waste management plan for the city in future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing domestic wastewater treatment: Integrating vermifiltration and biochar for heavy metal and microplastic reduction and by-product utilization","authors":"Saranya Seetasang ,&nbsp;Chuleemas Boonthai Iwai","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water pollution, particularly from domestic wastewater contaminated with microplastics and heavy metals, poses significant threats to human health and ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of vermifiltration combined with biochar to treat domestic wastewater using earthworm, <em>Eisenia foetida</em>. The objectives of this research were to monitor the change in water quality parameter (BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, Phosphate and Nitrate). Experiments were conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: Geofilter (Gf), Vermifilter (Vf), Geofilter + Biochar (Gf + Bi), and Vermifilter + Biochar (Vf + Bi). The result showed that using vermifiltration combined with biochar could reduce the biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) in domestic wastewater treatment highest followed by vermifiltrater, geofilter with biochar and geofilter, respectively. The results demonstrated the percentage removal of BOD (94.28 %), COD (89.82 %), TDS (88.35 %) and TSS (95.30 %). The Vf + Bi system showed high efficiency in heavy metal reduction: Mn (99.37 %), Zn (100 %), Cu (100 %), Pb (44.00 %), and As (100 %). Microplastic contamination was reduced most effectively by Vf + Bi (88.64 %), followed by Gf + Bi (86.36 %), Vf (77.27 %), and Gf (75.00 %). Post-treatment vermibed analysis revealed increases in Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and organic carbon content in bedding. This study concludes that the integration of vermifiltration and biochar could be the eco-solution for nutrient recovery, water resource recycles and minimize pollution and efficient wastewater treatment and generating valuable by-products such as biofertilizer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scale-up of oxidative desulfurization for sour diesel fuel: Modeling, simulation, and reactor design using Fe/AC catalyst","authors":"Awad E. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Wadood T. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Saba A. Gheni","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modeling and simulation at the bench scale are crucial for understanding industrial process behavior, particularly in oxidative desulfurization (ODS). Mathematical models are powerful tools in chemical process engineering, enabling the adjustment of process conditions without physical modifications, thereby optimizing process performance. In this study, a comprehensive mathematical model for the ODS of sour diesel fuel, supplied by the NRC refinery, was developed using O₂ as the oxidant and Fe/AC as the catalyst, based on experimental data from the literature. <strong>This model addresses key limitations of existing ODS models, including their limited applicability in industrial settings and challenges in scaling up while maintaining high sulfur conversion efficiency. By simulating an industrial batch reactor, the model advances current knowledge by providing a robust framework for scaling ODS processes.</strong> Optimal reaction conditions were determined to achieve ≥99 % sulfur conversion, with kinetic parameters of a reaction order of 1.2, an activation energy of 50 kJ/mol, and a pre-exponential factor of 9050 g^(−0.2).h⁽⁻¹⁾. Scale-up results, based on these parameters, suggested optimal reactor dimensions of 1.3 m in diameter and 2 m in length. The batch reactor scale-up was conducted using the gPROMS software, <strong>yielding insights that can be applied directly to industrial reactors. Ultimately, this model contributes to the field by offering a scalable, practical approach to ODS reactor design and optimization, aiding the production of cleaner diesel fuels in compliance with stringent environmental standards.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}