International Journal of Thermal Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Ion migration at the ice–water interface during the freezing process of salt solution – Numerical investigation","authors":"Hang Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingwei Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenyang Peng ,&nbsp;Zhe Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study applies phase-field theory, introducing the concept of solid–liquid dispersion into the freezing process of salt solutions. A mathematical model for the complex physical processes of heat and mass transfer at the ice–water phase transition interface was established and validated to address the issue of ion migration during the freezing process of salt solutions. The model considers the effects of salt crystallization and ion release in ice, elucidating the microinteractions among the phase field, temperature field, and concentration field. The results show that during the phase transition, the main region of heat exchange occurs at the ice-water phase transition interface, and the formation of a temperature diffusion layer and increased ion concentration will inhibit the growth of dendrites. The ions expelled from the ice–water interface accumulate at the tips and roots of the dendrites, leading to competitive growth among dendrites, which eventually develop into saline channels and brine pockets, resulting in ions being recaptured within the ice. Under identical simulation conditions, the migration patterns of different ions are consistent with those obtained from experimental studies, indicating that the constructed model can accurately depict the migration patterns of different ions under freezing conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of lithium-ion battery thermal management with bibliometric analysis","authors":"Jiaxing Li,&nbsp;Shaohong Zeng,&nbsp;Weixiong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Battery thermal management (BTM) plays a pivotal role in driving the development of energy storage technologies of Lithium-ion battery (LiB), being crucial in maintaining appropriate temperature, enhancing energy efficiency and preventing thermal runaway (TR). Prior researches that focused solely on technical solutions, this study pioneers a holistic, comprehensive and quantitative examination from a macro perspective by integrating bibliometric analysis with information visualization techniques. A total of 16 search formulas were formulated and 2363 references were collected from the Web of Science core database spanning from 2004 to 2023. Unprecedentedly, the references on various BTM technologies (including both single cooling techniques and hybrid cooling techniques) were gathered and analyzed by categorization. The results are analyzed from the perspective of the annual publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals and publishers. Based on the development trend, the BTM field can be divided into three stages: primary germination stage (2004–2011), consolidation and stabilization stage (2012–2017), and the rapid development stage (2018–2023). For co-cited references, cluster network, burst detection and novelty analysis methods were proposed to display the authors or literature’ contributions to the development of BTM. Subsequently, the dynamic research hotspots and trends were performed according to the co-occurrence and time zone of high-frequency keywords. Notably, hybrid cooling technology garnered the most publications in recent years and is projected to be the primary research direction. Finally, the study emphasizes future development issues and proposes strategies to address challenges in BTM. This methodological innovation not only fills a critical gap in the literature but also offers researchers and industry professionals a robust framework for understanding the dynamic landscape of BTM technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart hybrid thermal management: Bridging innovation for sustainable electric and hybrid vehicles","authors":"Hussein Togun ,&nbsp;Ali Basem ,&nbsp;Muhsin Jaber Jweeg ,&nbsp;Hayder I. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Azher M. Abed ,&nbsp;Ali E. Anqi ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Madheswaran ,&nbsp;Husam Abdulrasool Hasan ,&nbsp;Anirban Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Pouyan Talebizadehsardari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing need for electric and hybrid vehicles (EHV) requires new technologies that can enhance battery performance, longevity, and safety. Efficient thermal management is an important factor that influences these parameters. Through the incorporation of phase change materials (PCMs), liquid and air cooling mechanisms, heat pipes (HP), and thermoelectric coolers (TECs), these systems attain exceptional thermal regulation, thereby minimizing temperature gradients and improving system adaptability in response to fluctuating thermal loads. This research describes a new Smart Hybrid Thermal Management System (S-HTMS) that optimizes the thermal management of battery packs in future EHVs. The suggested hybrid strategy combines liquid cooling and air-based or phase change material (PCM) systems to take benefit of both passive and active cooling strategies. The present article combines recent advances in HBTMS, including nanomaterial-enhanced PCMs, adaptive control techniques, and high-efficiency heat exchangers, all of which serve to maximize energy transfer and enable real-time thermal response. This review additionally outlines critical trade-offs in efficiency, cost, and design which govern the advancement of next-generation BTMS, which are vital for high-performance EV and HEV applications. The insights presented herein intend to establish a foundational framework for the design of battery systems that are not only safe and efficient but also sustainable, thereby contributing to the EV and HEV technology towards enhanced efficiency and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism analysis of thermal stratification in large domain of fast reactor and research on intelligent accelerated prediction scheme","authors":"Jinchao Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangliang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Qian ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuqi Meng ,&nbsp;Yousen Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenomenon of thermal stratification affects the core residual heat dissipation capability. To explore its underlying mechanisms and develop efficient prediction methods, this paper proposes a rapid intelligent prediction model for thermal stratification based on entropy production analysis. The model first analyzes the impact of entropy production rates from different angles on transient thermal stratification and defines a dimensionless number for the self-preservation of thermal stratification (<em>Ssp</em>) in the upper plenum during accident transients to evaluate the stability of the thermal stratification state. The prediction of transient thermal stratification at different moments is achieved by combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs). The results indicate a direct relationship between the one-dimensional axial temperature difference heat transfer entropy production rate and thermal stratification, with the <em>Ssp</em> number effectively reflecting the intensity of the flow field's influence on thermal stratification at different times. Additionally, the entropy production rate data helps the CNN focus on the thermal stratification regions, effectively extracting thermal stratification features and reducing computational complexity. Compared to three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods, this CNN-LSTM model can accurately predict the location, contour, and intensity of thermal stratification at different moments while simultaneously reducing computational resources and time consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curvature-property coupling governed heat transfer deterioration in supercritical helically coiled tubes: Mechanistic insights and mitigation strategies via structural parametrization","authors":"Fucheng Chang ,&nbsp;Jiaxing Xin ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Wu ,&nbsp;Liwei Li ,&nbsp;Huixiong Li ,&nbsp;Yanlin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The unique thermo-hydrodynamic coupling phenomena in the helically coiled tube (HCT) handling supercritical fluids present both opportunities and challenges for next-generation compact heat exchangers. While the pronounced thermophysical property variations near pseudo-critical temperatures (<em>T</em>_pc) and curvature-induced secondary flows synergistically enhance heat transfer coefficient (HTC), their nonlinear coupling mechanisms may unexpectedly provoke severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD). Through systematic numerical investigations, this study reveals that circumferential wall temperature inhomogeneity (CWTI) exhibits an inverted N-shaped evolution, providing valuable insights for thermal homogenization design near <em>T</em>_pc. The secondary flow Reynolds number (<em>Se</em>), quantifying secondary flow intensity, shows a monotonic increase with decreasing coil diameter (<em>D</em>_c) or inner diameter (<em>D</em>_i), reaching saturation in high-enthalpy regions. Notably, CWTI demonstrates non-monotonic behavior, achieving minimum values near <em>T</em>_pc before manifesting distinct rebound characteristics near <em>T</em>_pc conditions. Parametric analysis establishes that: (1) Elevating heat flux (<em>q</em>) increases <em>Se</em>, reducing <em>D</em>_c boosts it by 50.3 %, and decreasing <em>D</em>_i raises it by 60.0 %. (2) HTD predominantly initiates at the outer wall under high-<em>q</em> conditions, with <em>D</em>_c reduction achieving HTD suppression and 26.9 % enhancement in the local HTC; (3) Reducing the <em>D</em>_i results in a reduction of maximum CWTI by 22.5 %–28.6 %, suggesting that structural parametrization effectively mitigates wall temperature non-uniformity, thus suppressing the HTD. While centered on supercritical water, the dimensionless scaling relationships demonstrate extendibility to other media, with the curvature-property coupling mechanism both elucidating fundamental interactions and guiding robust heat exchanger design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient immersion cooling for electronic devices based on multi-physics field coupling","authors":"Chengcheng Fan ,&nbsp;Ruixue Yang ,&nbsp;Huaixin Guo ,&nbsp;Haitao Jiang ,&nbsp;Chengbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient cooling of high heat-flux electronic devices involving multi-physics field coupling has become a key challenge. To address these challenges, this paper establishes a multi-physics field coupling heat-transfer model for electronic devices using immersion cooling and serpentine channel cooling. The multi-physics field coupling analysis of electronic devices with different cooling methods is carried out, focusing on the influences of input voltage, inlet coolant mass flow rate, and coolant type. The results indicate that multi-physics field coupling effects in electronic devices lead to a temperature increase of 1.8 %∼17.8 %, a rise in current density of 235 %∼245 %, and a maximum displacement increase of 0.12 μm. Moreover, the temperature, output current, and strain energy density of electronic devices increase with higher input voltage but decrease with higher inlet mass flow rate. Coolant type significantly influences the thermal and mechanical performance of electronic devices but has relatively minor effect on their electrical characteristics. Compared to serpentine channel cooling, immersion cooling reduces discrepancies in temperature, current density, and strain energy density by 23.4 %, 10.8 %, and 70 %, respectively, with and without multi-physics field coupling, effectively mitigating the multi-physics field coupling effect. Under multi-physics field coupling conditions, the thermal management advantages of immersion cooling become increasingly apparent compared to serpentine channel cooling with increasing electric potential, while differences in electrical performance remain minimal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARX model identification for thermal virtual sensors in a vacuum heating furnace","authors":"Adrien Barthélémy,&nbsp;Vincent Schick,&nbsp;Célien Zacharie,&nbsp;Benjamin Rémy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When heating a heterogeneous, aluminum load of several cubic meters in an industrial vacuum furnace, autoregressive with exogenous inputs (ARX) models can be used as virtual sensors to estimate the temperature at certain points on the load. The optimal orders of ARX models are selected via minimization of the corrected Akaike information criterion (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></math></span>), supplemented by the moderate contribution condition (MCC), which detects hidden model instability. The best ARX model inputs are a weighted average of heating powers via particle swarm optimization (PSO) to avoid input-power correlation, as well as the temperature at the center of the load to complete the boundary conditions. This paper reaches the identification of parsimonious and robust ARX models on industrial data for most cases, with a measurement-model deviation of less than 2% of the temperature variation to be calculated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 109971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MO-WOA-GRA-TOPSIS integrated framework for thermo-hydrodynamic optimization of supercritical n-decane in aerospace corrugated cooling systems","authors":"Zhijie Chen ,&nbsp;Huaizhi Han ,&nbsp;Da He ,&nbsp;Jiali Yang ,&nbsp;Xuanyang Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel MO-WOA-GRA-TOPSIS integrated framework for multi-objective thermo-hydrodynamic optimization of supercritical n-decane in aerospace corrugated cooling systems. Five critical design parameters (corrugation pitch, height, fillet radius, pressure, and mass flow rate) were systematically analyzed to balance heat transfer efficiency, flow resistance, and thermal stability. Quadratic response surface models were developed for Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>), friction factor (<em>f</em>), and average temperature fluctuation coefficient (<em>ΔC</em>). Grey relational analysis identified dimensionless corrugation height (<em>R/D</em>) as the dominant factor for <em>Nu</em> (26.73 %) and f (24.62 %), while mass flow rate (q_m) primarily influenced <em>ΔC</em> (21.88 %). The proposed framework outperformed conventional NSGA-II in convergence speed and Pareto front uniformity. Pareto-optimal solutions achieved 46.2 % <em>Nu</em> enhancement and 19.7 % f reduction while maintaining <em>ΔC</em> within 0.5, demonstrating superior thermal management for next-generation aero-engine cooling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-modulated surface plasmon resonance thermal absorption for high-precision refractive index sensing","authors":"Yongyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengfa Hu ,&nbsp;Jinyun Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents the graphene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) thermal absorption for sensing, combining the SPR with a graphene-layered structure. Within a specific terahertz frequency range. Two thermal absorption peaks are formed by different resonance modes, and the corresponding electric field intensity distributions are analyzed to explain the observed phenomena. The sensor's performance for detecting analytes with varying refractive indices around it is investigated, demonstrating excellent sensing capabilities. The first resonance peak has a sensitivity (S) of 6 THz/RIU, a full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.0146 THz, and a figure of merit (FOM) of 410.96 RIU⁻¹. The second resonance peak exhibits a S of 6 THz/RIU, a FWHM of 0.0027 THz, and an FOM of 2222.22 RIU⁻¹. The tuning of the sensor's peak position is achieved by adjusting the Fermi level of the graphene. To assess the performance deviations due to manufacturing errors, structural parameters of the sensor are also studied. This sensor demonstrates promising sensing performance and holds great potential for applications in sensing, environmental monitoring, and detection fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 109996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultralow thermal contact resistance for graphene composite films enabled by liquid metal gallium microcapsules","authors":"Wenrui Yuan ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou ,&nbsp;Liyin Feng ,&nbsp;Degang Zhao ,&nbsp;Ruiqiang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid metals exhibit great potential in thermal management but suffer from leakage problems that seriously impact device safety and operation. To alleviate this issue, liquid metal microcapsules (LMMs) with gallium (Ga) as the core and silica as the shell are reported here. The Ga-microcapsules achieve significantly improved heat storage capacity (58.38 J g⁻¹) and high thermal durability (only 3.6% decrease in latent heat after 100 thermal cycles), attributed to the reduced supercooling by adding nucleating agents. By coating the microcapsules onto a graphene film, an LMMs/graphene composite film with high thermal performance is prepared, combining the high deformability of liquid metals with the high thermal conductivity of graphene. Compared to the bare graphene film, this composite film with 3.6 wt% microcapsules reduces the operating temperature of LED chips by 4.1 °C because of the largely reduced interfacial thermal resistance. Specifically, the thermal contact resistance between the thermal interface material and heater/heatsink decreases from 16.84 to 1.38 mm² K W⁻¹ under a pressure of 229 kPa, more than one order of magnitude lower than the commercial values. These results demonstrate the remarkable capability of LMMs in enhancing heat transfer, offering a promising approach for efficient heat dissipation in thermal management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}