Optimization study of film cooling scheme for two-dimensional convergent-divergent exhaust system considering thermal protection and infrared stealth requirements

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Thermal Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110370

Lan Bo, Qiang Wang, Haiyang Hu, Yiwei Chen, Jifeng Huang

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Abstract

To address both the thermal protection demands during afterburning operation and the infrared stealth requirements during cruise in the early design stage of film cooling strategies, this study introduces a two-stage optimization framework for exhaust system film cooling configuration. In the first stage, the optimization targets the reduction of average component temperatures, while ensuring that infrared radiation remains within acceptable limits across the 30°–75° detection angle range. This process determines the optimal coolant mass flow distribution among system components by adjusting their respective area ratios. In the second stage, based on the optimized area ratios, each component is subdivided according to local thermal loads. This stage aims to minimize the temperature standard deviation of the heatshield surfaces, subject to the constraint that the maximum surface temperature remains below material limits. Streamwise and spanwise spacings of cooling holes in each region are tailored to meet localized cooling demands. Post-optimization results indicate substantial thermal uniformity improvements, with standard deviation reductions of 20.78 %, 21.90 %, and 30.52 % in the afterburner, convergent, and divergent sections, respectively. The highest local wall temperatures were also lowered by 7.70 % and 7.93 % in the afterburner and divergent sections. Additionally, infrared radiation intensity observed in the xoz and yoz planes decreased by 35.19 % and 32.38 %, indicating enhanced stealth capability.

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考虑热防护和红外隐身要求的二维会聚发散排气系统气膜冷却方案优化研究

为了在排气系统气膜冷却策略设计初期同时满足加力运行时的热防护需求和巡航时的红外隐身需求，本研究引入了一个两阶段的排气系统气膜冷却配置优化框架。在第一阶段，优化的目标是降低平均组件温度，同时确保在30°-75°探测角度范围内红外辐射保持在可接受的范围内。该过程通过调节各部件的面积比来确定冷却剂在各部件之间的最佳质量流量分配。第二阶段，在优化面积比的基础上，根据局部热负荷对各部件进行细分。这一阶段的目的是在最大表面温度保持在材料极限以下的约束下，将隔热罩表面的温度标准偏差最小化。每个区域的流向和跨向冷却孔间距都是量身定制的，以满足局部的冷却需求。优化后的结果表明，热均匀性得到了显著改善，加力段、收敛段和发散段的标准差分别降低了20.78%、21.90%和30.52%。加力段和发散段局部壁面最高温度分别降低了7.70%和7.93%。此外，xoz和yoz飞机的红外辐射强度分别下降了35.19%和32.38%，表明隐身能力增强。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Thermal Sciences 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

11.10%

发文量

531

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Thermal Sciences is a journal devoted to the publication of fundamental studies on the physics of transfer processes in general, with an emphasis on thermal aspects and also applied research on various processes, energy systems and the environment. Articles are published in English and French, and are subject to peer review. The fundamental subjects considered within the scope of the journal are: * Heat and relevant mass transfer at all scales (nano, micro and macro) and in all types of material (heterogeneous, composites, biological,...) and fluid flow * Forced, natural or mixed convection in reactive or non-reactive media * Single or multi–phase fluid flow with or without phase change * Near–and far–field radiative heat transfer * Combined modes of heat transfer in complex systems (for example, plasmas, biological, geological,...) * Multiscale modelling The applied research topics include: * Heat exchangers, heat pipes, cooling processes * Transport phenomena taking place in industrial processes (chemical, food and agricultural, metallurgical, space and aeronautical, automobile industries) * Nano–and micro–technology for energy, space, biosystems and devices * Heat transport analysis in advanced systems * Impact of energy–related processes on environment, and emerging energy systems The study of thermophysical properties of materials and fluids, thermal measurement techniques, inverse methods, and the developments of experimental methods are within the scope of the International Journal of Thermal Sciences which also covers the modelling, and numerical methods applied to thermal transfer.