Ali Albashir Mohammed Alhaj, Majda Babiker Ahmed Abdelkarim
{"title":"Pragmalinguistic Problems Encountered in Rendering some Qur’ānic Satirical Expressions into English, with Special Reference to Surrat Al-Masad: A Comparative Study","authors":"Ali Albashir Mohammed Alhaj, Majda Babiker Ahmed Abdelkarim","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.71","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims at investigating pragmalinguistic problems encountered in rendering Qur’ānic satirical expressions into English, with special reference to Surrat Al-Masad, that is in English translations of Abdel-Haleem, Khan, and Mohammed Taj Al-Din Al-Hilai and Pickthall. Also, the study aims at exploring how the three translators deal with these problems and constraints in their renderings. The three renditions of Qur’ānic satirical expressions from Surrat Al-Masad were purposively selected and analyzed. Various pragmalinguistic problems and pragmatics losses in the three translations explored by the two researchers were found. The study reveals that there are some pragmalinguistic problems in the translation of the meaning of Qur’ānic satirical expressions into English in Surrat Al-Masad rendered by Abdel-Haleem, Khan and Mohammed Taj Al-Din Al-Hilai and Pickthall. Moreover, the types of pragmalinguistic and pragmatics losses problems are attributed to lack of knowledge of contexts for example context of situation by some translators such as Pickthall. The study also aims at identifying the translation strategies adopted by the three translators in rendering Qur’ānic satirical expressions into English, in Surrat Al-Masad. The study also recommends that translators of the Holy Quran must adopt footnotes, transliteration, and other translation strategies to avoid a probable pragmatic loss and semantic loss of the intended meaning of the Holy Quran in general and rhetorical tropes such as satire in particular.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131949677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How do Saudis ask for a favor? A Pragmatic Analysis","authors":"Abeer Alqahtani","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the speech act of asking for a favor in Saudi Arabic due to the lack of studies done on Saudi Arabic in general and favor asking in specific. The core strategy and modification strategies used in each response were investigated. It also examined whether degree of imposition has an influence on the shape of the act. Data were collected using a written discourse completion test (DCT) in which 90 female native speakers of Saudi Arabic were asked to request a favor in 8 situations that varied in the degree of imposition. It was found that both core strategy and modification use in favor asking in Saudi Arabic were significantly influenced by degree of imposition. It is hoped that this study would help to understand some aspects of the spoken language in Saudi society.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121359671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lexical Metaphor in Proverbs in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and A Man of the People: A Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective","authors":"Emodi Livina Nkeiruka, Emeka J. Otagburuagu","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.25","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at analyzing lexical metaphors identified in proverbs Achebe’s two novels: Things Fall Apart and A Man of the People. Objectives of this study were to identify these lexical metaphors from Achebe’s novels, discuss their meanings, functions, and ideolological implications in the novels under study. To achieve these objectives, the study was anchored on Systemic Functional Grammar, a social semiotic theory to highlight the signifier - signified relationship of these lexical metaphors and their ideological implications of Igbo people. The lexical metaphors are identified and their meanings discussed as represented in the novels. The functions are exemplified and marked as positive and negative. Positive behaviours are upheld because they help in nation building while negative functions help to shape attitude and effect behaviours. Functions and Ideologies identified include indispensability of palm oil, struggle for survival through hard work, belief in ‘chukwu’ who determines success and destinies of individuals, belief in reincarnation, peaceful coexistence, strength for procreation, strive for success and shun arrogance, anti imperialism, any child whose mother died at childbirth is an evil child, political propaganda, ineffective leadership, do and die rivalry of politicians, materialistic attitude of rural prospective father- in-law that could lead to forced marriage, and given picture of how one looks like. The implication of the themes and ideologies realized from the two books shows that in Things Fall Apart lexical metaphors are used as ethical and ideological indicators while in A Man of the People they are used to gain social advantage, cover evil doings and justify perversities.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126073161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Oppression and American Cultural Imperialism: The Crisis of the Muslim Minority Groups’ Identity in Terrorist by John Updike","authors":"Saif Raed Nafia Fakhrulddin, Ida Baizura Bahar","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.1","url":null,"abstract":"Terrorist (2006) by John Updike has been classified within the post-9/11 novel genre where many American authors depict their counter-narratives to the horrific event of 9/11. The novel revolves around the life of a young teenager named Ahmad and his religious mentor, Shaikh Rashid, who are accused as terrorists. This study problematises the issue of the identity of Muslim characters in facing oppression using the concept of cultural imperialism by Iris Marion Young (1990), focussing on the social treatment of Muslim minority characters in America perceived as inferior to the entire American cultural mainstream. The objective of this study then is to examine the author’s depictions of the American society as the cultural imperialism persecuting Muslim characters. The findings highlight the Muslim characters’ inability to emulate the prevailing American cultural imperialism which oppresses them. As such, the study’s originality lies in the interpretation of the aversive affinity between Muslim minority groups and American cultural imperialism from a social perspective. Thus, the social aspects of social oppression and the American cultural imperialism will be the core of the study’s novelty regarding the view of Muslims in America in the years ensuing the events of 9/11.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131586254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Generic Structure Analysis of Selected News Commentaries on Radio Nigeria","authors":"-. Agbeleoba, S. Oyeyemi, -. Bamisaye, -. Toyin","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.59","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an exploration of the Generic Structure Pattern of news commentaries. Previous studies have applied the GSP approach to a number of discourses in the mass media as well as some religious texts in order to establish their generic structures. They include business letters, newspaper editorials magazine editorials and newspaper articles. These previous researches have also focused their attentions only on the print media and religious manuals. However, none has focused on news commentaries. This paper fills this gap in knowledge by exploring news commentaries on Radio Nigeria in order to find out its generic structure as a broadcast text.Twenty news commentaries were purposively selected, five from each of the following sectors: economy, politics, education, health and sports. The Generic Structure Potential model which is an aspect of the Systemic Functional Theory associated with Halliday and Hasan (1985) was adopted as the framework for the analysis of these news commentaries. The GSP model is premised upon the fact that Contextual Configuration (CC) “permits statements about the text structures” to be made.This paper is able to identify Anchor’s Introduction (AI), Orientation (O), Spotlighting (S) and Resolution or Lesson (RL) as obligatory elements while optional elements are Commentary Lead (CL), Problem/Cause (PC) and Solution/Effect (SE).The paper submits that the GSP of news commentaries on Radio Nigeria can be viewed as [AI] ^ (CL) ^ [O] ^[S] ^ [(PC). (SE)] ^[RL].","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114740371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Rezaei, Ida Baizura Bahar, Zahraa Abdullah Mohan
{"title":"Freedom, Choice and Achieving Self-Realisation in the Dystopian World of Parable of the Talents by Octavia Butler","authors":"Z. Rezaei, Ida Baizura Bahar, Zahraa Abdullah Mohan","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.47","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how the American science fiction author Octavia Butler (1947-2006) reflects the issue of how Olamina, the protagonist of Parable of the Talents (1998), attempts to establish a new religion, Earthseed, while changing her dystopian world. Butler is a distinguished novelist who brings to light the narrative on human life and challenges in a society where individuals are treated with discrimination and deprived of their rights, freedom, and independence, and takes a serious note of these topics by offering a representative portrait of the American society through her fiction. Here, we explore issues of human freedom, choice and self-realisation in a civil society by utilising a novel combination of the concepts of freedom and choice by John Rawls and Isaiah Berlin as well as self-realisation by Karl Marx as the fundamental elements to examine Olamina’s belief, attitude and the act of making choices. Our findings reveal that Olamina becomes an assertive and independent woman through two stages of self-realisation, namely self-actualisation and self-externalisation: she finds her voice, succeeds in challenging her ideological social system and, at last, successfully spreads her new philosophical ideas to another part of the world. Through our original methodology of combining the concepts of freedom, choice and self-realisation, we found that Butler has skillfully depicted the social and technological evolutions which have caused the futuristic dystopias in 2030s California, and further illustrates the ways that characters can confront these changes if given the freedom and the autonomy to act and change their oppressive existence.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"114 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127048290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating Onto-cartographies of Memory and Postmemory, and (Trans)raciolinguistics and Practice of Race Theory in Selected Excerpts of Ellen Kuzwayo’s Call Me Woman","authors":"Chaka Chaka","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.32","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is undergirded by two sets of analytic tools: the onto-cartographies of both memory and postmemory, and (trans)raciolinguistics and practice of race theory. Employing these types of analytic tools, the paper sets out to answer the following two research questions: (a) what types of geo-narratives can be detected in the onto-cartographies of both memory and postmemory in the analysed excerpts of Call Me Woman as an autobiographical text?; and (b) what does analysing these excerpts of Call Me Woman through (trans)raciolinguistics and practice of race theory reveal about these excerpts of the autobiography? Pertaining to the first research question, the paper has discovered instances of imprecise geo-narratives, and of the problematics of remembering and forgetting that characterize the analysed excerpts of Call Me Woman. In addition, it has presented instances of postmemorializing and of intergenerational and transgenerational postmemories employed in the analysed excerpts. As regards the second research question, the paper has argued that there are instances of spatioracial apartheid, of a vindicationist view, and of metaculture, metarace and metalanguage that can be detected in the excerpts of Call Me Woman that it has analysed. Moreover, the paper has presented a case for an instance of postmemorially and vicariously deferring to and defying Whiteness in one of the analysed excerpts. In the main, the paper has argued that Ellen Kuzwayo’s Call Me Woman is an autobiography of onto-cartographies of both memory and postmemory. In this sense, the novelty of this paper lies in its endeavour to analyse autobiography through a dual conceptual perspective of the onto-cartographies of both memory and postmemory, and through the lenses of both (trans)raciolinguistics and practice of race theory.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"09 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122984651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmoud A. Al.Sobh, Ameen Z. Al Khamaiseh, Samer M. Al-Zoubi
{"title":"The Symbolic Representation of Evil and Good in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies","authors":"Mahmoud A. Al.Sobh, Ameen Z. Al Khamaiseh, Samer M. Al-Zoubi","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.21","url":null,"abstract":"This Study sheds a new light on William Golding’s view of evil and good in Lord of the Flies. For many writers, critics and theorists, evil is a societal construct, while good is an internal one. Both are structured by external factors. William Golding, however, believes that man has an inherent potential for evil and that it cannot by any means be a cultural product as has long been thought. Man’s potential for good, on the other hand, is dictated by law, common sense, culture and from the fact that man’s social engagement with others is inevitable. In Lord of the Flies, Golding seeks to give answers to the philosophical questions: Can man live a lone? Can there be a life in the absence of law and order? What would become of people should there be no society or civilization? Golding’s central argument centers on critiquing the inherent potential of man’s capacity for evil in the absence of law and order. In this study, there will be an examination of Golding’s pessimistic view of good and evil in light of the modern literary definition of these polarities.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114611948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Perspectives of English Teachers Toward Writing Education, as well as the Obstacles they Encounter","authors":"Md. Harun Rashid, Yu Lan, Wang Hui","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.54","url":null,"abstract":"Many ESL teachers find it difficult to build their students’ linguistic competency, which makes teaching one of the most productive talents in the English language. The main objective of the study is to investigate the difficulties that ESL teachers have while attempting to teach writing skills to students in university settings. According to the findings of this study, art faculty professors at the university level are experiencing difficulties. Teachers’ concerns regarding teaching writing skills were gathered using questionnaires, which were administered by the researcher. It was decided to adopt a descriptive approach to report the issues that instructors experienced when teaching writing skills to their students. There were a total of 12 questions on the questionnaire. It was discovered through this investigation that there were some problematic elements, but that there were also some practical remedies that might be implemented. Teacher reflection could be helped by the findings and recommendations of this study, which could also help authorities support teachers’ efforts to improve students’ writing skills.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126394756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surmounting Gender Disparities: A Study of Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Wizard of the Crow","authors":"Vivian Bongka Tah","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.1p.41","url":null,"abstract":"This paper entitled, “Surmounting Gender Disparities: A Case Study of Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Wizard of the Crow” set to investigate the effects of gender disparities and how these could be surmounted. Wa Thiong’o was chosen as an expert informant whose literary text does not emanate from a void but a reflection of social realities. The observation of characters in his text resulted to the findings that gender disparities embedded male chauvinism caused chronic physical and psychological pains that disrupted family harmony. Further observations revealed that if male chauvinism is deconstructed and individual capacities developed by both men and women, they will both have equal access to social and economic responsibilities. The study found that complementary role in gender as observed in social roles and role switching facilitated tasks and guaranteed individual’s protection and security. The study underpinned the need to abandon derogatory patriarchal norms and focus on values that promote positive change. It arrived at the conclusion that nations that yearned growth need to give up chauvinistic preferences and uphold values that promote equality for these are bedrocks of growth that could create visibility even in the global field.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133480229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}