International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature最新文献

{"title":"The Change in the Reflection of Gender Roles from Proto-Science Fiction to Science Fiction with the Rise of Feminism: Margaret Cavendish’s The Blazing World and Mary Robinette Kowal’s The Calculating Stars","authors":"Berna Köseoğlu","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.16","url":null,"abstract":"Before the rise of feminism, women were oppressed in the field of literature, particularly in science fiction. Despite this prejudice, Margaret Cavendish played a very important role in producing proto-science fiction with her utopian fiction, A Description of a New World Called the Blazing World, though gender problem can still be observed in the work. After the rise of feminism, with Mary Robinette Kowal’s science fiction, The Calculating Stars: A Lady Astronaut Novel, female characters, who are more active in science and technology, are depicted, even if these women still struggle with patriarchal values in a different context. Therefore, the aim of this article is to compare and contrast The Blazing World and The Calculating Stars by discussing the ways these two female writers try to achieve destroying the gender-based stereotypical roles in the field of science and technology. Consequently, what will be stressed is the change in the portrayal of gender roles within the transition period from proto-science fiction to science fiction, therefore it will be emphasized that proto-science fiction written before the feminist movement cannot overcome gender inequality in science and technology, whereas science fiction produced after feminism can break the gender-based barriers in these fields.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115996779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teachers’ Perceptions Towards the Usefulness of Lesson Plan Manuals in the Teaching of Language Arts at the Junior Secondary School level","authors":"Saidu Challay, Vandi S. Kanneh","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.93","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined the perceptions of teachers regarding the use of Lesson Plan Manuals (LPMs) in the teaching of Language Arts at the Junior Secondary School level within Bo using data from an MA dissertation. Since the introduction of the Lesson Plan Manuals in 2016, a study to assess the impact of their use in schools has not been done. It is based on this that an assessment was carried out to seek the opinion of Language Arts teachers with regards the use of the Lesson Plan Manuals. It was also intended to investigate whether pupils’ performance in Language Arts has improved or not since the introduction of the Lesson Plan Manuals. The study adopted a qualitative study design and non-probabilistic sample design paradigms. A total of forty (40) Language Arts teachers at the Junior Secondary School level were purposefully selected to serve as respondents for this study. Twenty-five(25) respondents completed and returned the five-pointLikert scale that was used for data collection. Respondents were also interviewed in focused group discussions on some key issues that were not captured in the questionnaires. The results indicate that Lesson Plan Manuals in Language Arts are available in most schools. However, not all pupils have access to these manuals, which makes it difficulfor most of the learners to follow the steps and actively participate in the lessons. It was also revealed that with the use of the Lesson Plan Manuals, the performance of pupils has gradually improved, although some teachers need training in the use of these Lesson Plan Manuals.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126954610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pragmatic Cultural Analysis of American English versus Vietnamese Use in Shop Signs","authors":"Linh Ngoc Truong Pham","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.26","url":null,"abstract":"Shop signs with English elements are becoming more and more frequent in Vietnam as a result of trade and globalization, requiring thorough investigations into various aspects of English and Vietnamese use in shop signs for further practice. Prior research mostly explores shop signs from the perspectives of linguistic landscape, linguistic transfer, and ADVERTISING discourse, in which the comparative culture and pragmatics are mentioned but remain insufficient to a large extent. This study tries to fill the gap by making a pragmatic cultural comparison of English and Vietnamese use in shop signs, applying the theoretical and analytical framework of cultural linguistics in relation to pragmatics by Sharifian (2017). More than 400 shop signs of each language have been randomly collected from many places in the US and Vietnam respectively for the contrastive analysis. The results show vast similarities in the knowledge of some situational contexts (pragmemes) underlying the same speech acts/events performed by the American English and Vietnamese shop signs associated with the pragmatic cultural schema of ADVERTISING. Many differences are highlighted in the pragmemes and practs (realizations of pragmemes) with the cultural conceptualizations relating to collective implications, signature objects, foreign elements, home-made origins, official origins, health commitment, establishment year, family references, and ethics. The study has finally made a positive contribution to the strategies of shop sign translation or creation with English (assumed from the American backgrounds) in monolingual, bilingual and hybrid contexts of Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125719690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s Politics of Resistance in Making the Invisible Visible","authors":"Djamila Mehdaoui","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.59","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will endeavour to highlight an in-depth look to the sustained invisibility of the involvement of masses of women in political, historical, and social acts, exploring the philosophical mooring of women as being permanently inferior. The analysis will seek to reflect upon the impact of feminism and post colonialism within issues like the construction of the self. The two approaches will reveal how the degraded image of women is structured by male literary traditions and strengthened by their oppression exercised through patriarchal ideologies. The focus is put also on postcolonial women, who find themselves in front double pronunciation of the sounds of marginalization. This essay argues, in part, that the feminist role contributes in extending the duty of ordinary and subaltern women towards fuller understanding of the self. It also analyzes how feminists contribute to thrive their histories of writing traditions, and widening their involvement in education as a turning point enabling them for self-discovery and definition. These feminists allow their fellows notable insights into their thoughts, visions and actions to mediate their harsh status through significant ideas opposing the process of invisibility, Othering, and the dire circumstances inherent in their societies.This essay asserts further that the types of oppression that haunt women’s narrative of the self also transmits the experiences of many women around the world. However, such social stigmatization push many of them to empower each other and learn from their inherent dilemmas by inserting unique inspirations and strategies to escape approximately all figures of powerlessness.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132734168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociolinguistics of Youth Activism: Implications for The Future of Political Language","authors":"M. Fourcade","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.1","url":null,"abstract":"From gun control reforms to climate change protests, today’s young activists have been described as ‘louder and more coordinated than [their] predecessors’ (Marris, 2019: 471). This article looks at the linguistic changes at work behind this description: how does their language make youth activists’ voices grow stronger, and how does it help them discuss, mobilise and organise their campaigns. The article begins with a comparison of the language of youth activists today and that of their predecessors, to better assess the extent and nature of these changes. It then analyses the influence of the internet and social media on the political language of contemporary youth. Finally, it considers reactions to youth activist language and reflects upon its implications on the future of political voices. This article aims to bridge the gap between existing literature in the field, which separately contrasts contemporary youth activists with their predecessors, or examines the impact of the internet and social media on their activities. We propose, instead, that focusing on the language of contemporary youth activists, as a legacy and an evolving creative process, on and offline, will provide a better understanding of their impact on the future of political language. We find a nuanced picture, where the linguistic opportunities offered by the internet and social media increase the reach and organisation of contemporary youth activists, but make them look performative and nonchalant, perhaps because they are considered in the terms of traditional politics.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122287609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training in Teaching English Pronunciation for First-Year EFL Students at Saida University","authors":"Nadia Ghounane, H. Rabahi","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.76","url":null,"abstract":"The present research work investigates the use of Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training in teaching English pronunciation for first-year EFL students at the department of English language and literature, Saida University, Algeria. It also aims to provide a cursory account of the vital place of Information and Communication Technology in developing the linguistic skills of English foreign language learners in particular and the learning process in Algerian universities in general. The topic is an original contribution in the Algerian context since there is a scarcity of studies related to the teaching of English pronunciation through the use of ICT tools. The researchers relied on “Pronunciation Coach Software,” which focuses on developing the learner’s correct pronunciation of English sounds, including consonants and diphthongs, through an experiment with two groups of students. The investigation took six months. To evaluate students’ oral production, the researchers conducted a Pretest and a Posttest. The test proved that students’ negative attitudes towards learning English pronunciation changed after integrating the Pronunciation Coach. The results also revealed that there is an improvement in pronouncing certain sounds mainly, /S,tS/, dZ, Z/ and /T, D/ and, some vowels, including /Q, ℘/, /U,, /↔U, aU/ and /eI, aI/. The findings further demonstrated that students became more aware of the main differences between English and Arabic pronunciations in terms of place and manner of articulation of sounds.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129067752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covert Ideologies and Sign Manipulation: a Functional Semiotic Analysis of Western vs. Arabic News Coverage of New Zealand 2019 Mosque Carnage","authors":"Waleed Alsoufi, N. N. Albzour","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.50","url":null,"abstract":"The primary concern of this comparative study is to explore sign manipulation in front page photographs and headlines in both Western and Arabic news reports in a humble attempt to determine how visual and verbal signs are purposefully presented to the target audience. The researchers precisely try to scrutinize and analyze covert ideological biases of such news reports not only as expressed verbally but also visually. This study exclusively hinges on the event of the New Zealand Mosque Massacre which took place during Friday Prayers on 15 March 2019 in Christchurch City, where an Australian terrorist opened fire on innocent Muslim worshippers and brutally killed fifty of them. The heinous crime has left the world in a state of mourning and utter shock. Media coverage of this attack overwhelmed the Western and the Arab newspapers as well as social media worldwide. Unfortunately, the Christchurch massacre has not been headlined as a terrorist attack by several Western news reports unlike Arabic ones. The source of the data in question mainly relies on 10 popular newspapers: five Western newspapers and five Arabic ones: Daily Mirror, The New York Times, Daily Mail, The Guardian, The Sun, Addustour, Al-Jazirah, Al-Anba, Al-Quds Al-Arabi and AL-Sharq, respectively. The data represent a random sample, so the content does not necessarily represent attitudes or perspectives of all Western and Arabic newspapers. Following the Peircean semiotic triadic model, this study tries to unveil basic ideological features and manipulative strategies that clearly depict the Australian terrorist in some Western newspapers. In addition, it bluntly and objectively shows covert racial prejudice against Muslims in western newspapers. The findings show the significance of both verbal and visual signs in news story because they enable the reporters to express their perspectives towards major events such as New Zealand mosque carnage more effectively. As a result, the use of visual images in front page headlines does not merely serve to represent the reality of that horrible event in a visual form; rather, it is an essential tool of persuasion and tampering with the public opinion by means of insinuating some seriously embedded ideologies.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121494097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Constraints on Arabic-English Translation: a Case Study of Translating Surat AlFatiHa ‘The Opening’","authors":"Baseel A. AlBzour","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.68","url":null,"abstract":"To add a useful brick to the huge mansion of translation theory in its modern scientific sense, this paper intrinsically endeavors to reduce the wide hiatus between the premises of conventional translation studies and modern linguistic theories in general and Optimality Theory (OT) in particular, in a very earnest hope that translation methods and techniques can find a solid and robust systematic ground that may enable professional translators and institutionalized translation agencies to conduct their translation quality assessment more accurately. Drawing on the assumptions and the mechanism of linguistically-channeled theory of Optimality in phonology, syntax and semantics, this researcher, therefore, banks on setting and implementing major OT constraints that specify the range of choices translators may opt for while oscillating between the clashing Faithfulness and Markedness principles in their vehement quest to achieve optimally the least detrimental effects to the source text and to the target text, instead of looking for the myth of closest equivalence, while translating Arabic texts into English and vice versa. Four different translations have been examined and optimally evaluated. The study shows how any choice that translators make must, therefore, be deliberately rationalized and precisely prioritized over other possible choices and candidates in light of universal violable constraints. Therefore, translation studies should be descriptively constraint-oriented and motivated instead of being prescriptively rule-controlled.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116527024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic Experience and Identity: Contextualizing the Mental Lexicon In English-Arabic Poetry Translation","authors":"Omar A. Sheikh Al-Shabab","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.38","url":null,"abstract":"Monolingual Language behavior rests on three components: human agent, code and message. Translation processing requires three more constructs: translator, two codes, and a message in two texts. Equivalence theories attempted to supersede faithfulness and sameness of meaning in translation, but equivalence is a “convenience”, and is “always relative” (Baker 1992). Translational commensurability and semantic transportation thwart obtaining equivalence; therefore, the Interpretive Frame includes experience and identity among the elements necessary for any translation (Author, 2008). To explore poetic aesthetics, experience is related to personality observed in the Mental lexicon, while identity is related to phonic appeal observed in euphony. These relations are investigated in Arabic translations of English poems by Coleridge, Keats, Tennyson, Wordsworth, and Auden. Preliminary results show that: 1) the Mental Lexicon and euphony vary according to experience and identity, 2) contextualizing lexical appropriateness, euphony and metaphors contributes to poetic aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124253717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative Tools and Strategies: Representation of Trauma in The Mahabharata","authors":"Dharmapada Jena, K. Samantray","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.84","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding and interpretation of traumatic experiences and the issues of their representation in narratives have always been the major focus of trauma studies. The inherent nature of traumatic experiences, that “fragment consciousness and prevent direct linguistic representation” (Caruth 4), makes trauma studies more challenging as well as demanding. Researchers such as Tal (1995), Caruth (1996), Rogers (2004), Ward (2008), Whitehead (2011) and Heidarizadeh (2015), amongst others, have discussed the difficulties involved in the representation of traumatic experiences in narratives. They have also explored different ways and means for the representation of traumatic experiences. But such exploration could not fully help achieve the accurate representation of trauma, thus calls for further exploration to bring about certain tools and strategies to fill the inadequacy. This paper tends to offer certain narrative features and techniques, that The Mahabharata employs in its narrative for the representation of psychological trauma of the characters, to tackle the inherent difficulties in representing trauma, and thereby contributes to the enrichment of trauma studies. Drawing on narrative theory, the paper analyses how the narrative components like plot (event), character and theme and the narrative techniques like flashbacks, flashforward, frame story, events in parallel, narrative shift, multi-perspectivity, repetitive designation, epiphany, amplification, imagery, tone, use of repetitive sentence structure, hamartia, peripetia and comparison, embedded in the narrative of the epic, help represent the psychological trauma of the characters. All the narrative components and techniques have been utilized together for the same purpose. The character-event relationship has been discussed to explore how the theme of trauma has been represented in the narrative of the epic.","PeriodicalId":341726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121240618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}