{"title":"Effect of Surface Uniformity and Droplet Volume on Actuation Voltage of PCB Based EWOD Microfluidic System","authors":"Wail Al-Mogahed, S. Voigt, J. Mehner","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901428","url":null,"abstract":"Electrowetting on Dielectrics (EWOD) is an important method of manipulating discrete fluid droplets in digital microfluidic systems. In this paper, a simply implemented low cost EWOD system based on printed circuit board was built and tested. The form of the triple contact line (TCL) connecting the droplet with solid surface and ambient surrounding was simulated using a numerical simulation tool called Surface Evolver (SE). Different electrode patterns and sizes were designed and measurements were conducted using deionized (DI) water mixed with Sodium Chloride (NaCl) as fluidic samples. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Parylene C and Parafilm were used as dielectric layers separating microfluidic droplets from the electrodes surface. In addition, these materials provided a hydrophobic surface leading to an increase in the initial contact angle of the droplets. The actuation voltage of the system varied between 40 V and 183 V depending on the electrodes pattern and size and the volume of the droplets. The smoothness and regularity of the PCB and hydrophobic surfaces had a major effect on decreasing the actuation voltage of the system.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116226016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Touch Sensor Based on Highly Compressive Magnetic Foam Composite","authors":"G. Diguet, J. Froemel, M. Muroyama, Koichi Ohtaka","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901425","url":null,"abstract":"This article is presenting a soft magnetic layer as a deformation sensor. The capacity of detecting the point of application of the deformation is shown. The cycling effect is studied and signal amplitude during the compression remains almost constant over 10 cycles. As the compression was released, a relaxation of the signal was measured.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121557181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sven Nitzsche, Brian Pachideh, Moritz Neher, Marius Kreutzer, Norbert Link, Lukas Theurer, J. Becker
{"title":"Comparison of Artificial and Spiking Neural Networks for Ambient-Assisted Living","authors":"Sven Nitzsche, Brian Pachideh, Moritz Neher, Marius Kreutzer, Norbert Link, Lukas Theurer, J. Becker","doi":"10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901412","url":null,"abstract":"In assisted living environments, various situations may arise where a person falls or is otherwise injured and is unable to call for help on their own. In such situations, it is necessary to quickly identify the problem and take appropriate action, such as calling for help. This can be supported or even automated by using vision-based AI systems. In this context, we investigated and evaluated different AI solutions for rapid human action recognition. More specifically, we trained and compared artificial neural networks (ANN) in combination with frame-based cameras to a processing pipeline using spiking neural networks (SNN) and event-based cameras. For the SNNs, we further distinguished and compared two models, which we simulated in software and implemented on event-based hardware. The SNNs feature various layer types, e.g. fully-connected, spiking convolutions and recurrent. The implementation on event-based hardware was compared to GPU-based embedded hardware for artificial neural networks. The comparison was made primarily with regard to the highest possible energy efficiency in order to enable battery-powered vision systems in the future that can be used flexibly not only in assisted living, but also in industrial and smart city applications. The networks were constructed in such a way that they achieve a similar classification accuracy, which was measured on our own dataset specifically recorded for the project.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131606176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuel Lozano, E. Cabruja, J. Pérez‐Sánchez, Josep Calduch Giner, Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson, J. Sosa, A. Vega, Miguel A. Ferrer
{"title":"AEFishBIT: a smart system to monitor fish activity and welfare","authors":"Manuel Lozano, E. Cabruja, J. Pérez‐Sánchez, Josep Calduch Giner, Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson, J. Sosa, A. Vega, Miguel A. Ferrer","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901419","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture is a sector with a rapid growth and a great potential to provide healthy and sustainable protein for future generations. In this context, and with stricter criteria of farmed animal welfare, it is very important to monitor fish behavior for the simultaneous improvement of the productivity and the welfare of group-housed animals.In the framework of AQUAEXCEL2020 EU project we have developed an ultra-low-power, stand-alone, miniature microsystem (AEFishBIT) with the double aim to combine measurements of physical and metabolic activities. The system was developed using available technology and includes a triaxial accelerometer and a microcontroller packaged in a water-proof container. It has been designed to be externally implanted on fish operculum and by signal filtering, it allows the measurements of physical activity and respiratory frequency.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"106 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132871157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Böttger Simon, Dietz Franz, Martin Hartmann, Dahra Nipun, K.-R. Eberhard, Hermann Sascha
{"title":"Functional CMOS extension with integrated carbon nano devices","authors":"Böttger Simon, Dietz Franz, Martin Hartmann, Dahra Nipun, K.-R. Eberhard, Hermann Sascha","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901422","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years there has been a steep increase in application and system complexity driven by trends such as Internet of Things (IoT), Industry 4.0 or autonomous driving. Hence, there is a massive demand for cyber-physical systems (CPS) merging sensoric, electronic and communication capabilities. Nanomaterials such as Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) prospect significant added value for such systems, as they inherently feature low energy consumption, superior sensitivity for bio- , optical-, and mechanical sensing and even high amplification linearity in FETs. However, complemented new functionalities still rely on conventional system architectures requiring complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) with the corresponding front-(FEOL) and back-end-of-line (BEOL). Hence, post-CMOS hetero-integration technologies for upgrading conventional IC’s with nanomaterial based devices is a highly promising path in the context of More than Moore scaling. At the example of condition monitoring, we demonstrate the applicability of CNT strain sensors towards holistic prognostic health monitoring (PHM) approaches of forthcoming electronic systems. Therefore, we develop a CMOS compatible technology platform for integrated CNT field-effect transistors (FETs) serving as the core building block for various system on chip (SOC) applications in analogue high frequency electronics, hardware security, biosensing or condition monitoring.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123323683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Backscattered Visual Light Positioning using LED Sensing in Combination with Edge Computing based Artificial Neural Network Classification","authors":"Christian Fragner, A. Weiss, F. Wenzl","doi":"10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901418","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor Positioning Systems gained notable interest in the recent years. Amongst the various applied technologies and methods, positioning systems that utilize the visible light spectrum, have proven to be ideal candidates to establish such systems. Amongst other embodiments, visible light based systems can be realized by applying backscattered scenarios, where only reflections from the object of interest are utilized to infer its position. This backscattering approach has the advantage that the light source and the photosensitive device can be integrated into the same module. In this work we combine such a backscattering approach with the innovative approach in order to utilize LEDs not only as light sources, but also as receiving elements. Our novel approach demonstrates a sophisticated control mechanism, that uses 4 LEDs as light sources and receiving elements, without any disturbance in the provided illumination being perceivable to an observer. By utilizing an Artificial Neural Network, we perform the task of position determination on the edge, demonstrating the great potential of our solution approach. We verify our approach by experimental results, showing that the position (quadrant) in which a retroreflective foil is located, can be determined correctly with more than 92% accuracy, thus showing the advanced implementation of a highly integrated smart system.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124856952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romain Alcesilas, P. Rey, C. Jouvaud, M. Sansa, J. Bastien, C. Delaveaud
{"title":"Design of a MEMS-Based Fully Passive Wireless Pressure Sensor for Harsh Environments","authors":"Romain Alcesilas, P. Rey, C. Jouvaud, M. Sansa, J. Bastien, C. Delaveaud","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901429","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel passive and wireless pressure sensor for harsh environment applications, combining a MEMS pressure sensor with a UHF antenna. The sensor is based on a membrane that deflects under external pressure, modifying its capacitance and therefore the resonant frequency of the antenna. Here we present the modelling and codesign of the sensor and the antenna and we propose a 200 mm fabrication process in the CEA-Leti clean room. From analytical models and simulations, we show a theoretical sensitivity up to 9.8% of antenna resonant frequency variation per bar.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129421041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and Characterization of a 3D Environment for the Design of an Inductively Based Locating Method by Coil Couplings","authors":"Sven Lange, C. Hedayat, H. Kuhn, U. Hilleringmann","doi":"10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901416","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, methods will be evaluated to numerically calculate the passive electrical parameters of planar coils. These parameters can then be used to optimize inductive applications such as wireless power transmission. The focus here will be on inductive localization, which uses high-frequency magnetic fields and the resulting induced voltage to provide localization through the coupling parameter mutual inductance. To achieve localization with high accuracy and best possible operation (resonance, signal strength, etc.), the coil parameters need to be well known. For this reason, some numerical methods for the calculation of these quantities are presented and validated. In addition, the physical effects are thereby considered in more detail, allowing the localization procedure to be better optimized compared to simulative black-box methods. The goal should be a dedicated simulation platform for planar coils to be able to develop training data for neural networks and to test and optimize localization algorithms.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125815502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Schermer, C. Helke, Danhe Song, D. Reuter, H. Kuhn
{"title":"High-resolution projection lithography for MEMS-applications using thick photoresist AZ 10XT","authors":"Sebastian Schermer, C. Helke, Danhe Song, D. Reuter, H. Kuhn","doi":"10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssi56489.2022.9901437","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we are using high-resolution projection lithography together with AZ 10XT thick photoresist to realize an etching mask, which can be used for deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). With a design of experiment (DoE) suitable parameters for a full wafer level process are investigated. Structures with different size from 0.5 μm to 5 μm are used to find the highest aspect ratios for MEMS-applications.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of a cMUT as a gas sensor for a fast-response electronic nose","authors":"Boutonnet Charles, Vialletelle Adrien, Legoux Christophe, Bastien Jean-Claude, Blard Francois, Herrier Cyril, Livache Thierry, Fain Bruno","doi":"10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSI56489.2022.9901410","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a characterization of CMUTs as promising candidates for a fast-response, miniaturized electronic nose. A complete setup has been designed, including MEMS chip and packaging, electromechanical valves and dedicated electronics. The measurements focus on the characterization of one channel to demonstrate satisfying sensitivities to some usual volatile organic compounds. The measurements exhibit fast-response to stimuli, highlighting how CMUTs could be a building block of an industrially suitable electronic nose.","PeriodicalId":339250,"journal":{"name":"2022 Smart Systems Integration (SSI)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124302192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}