International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of the coupling characteristics of buoyancy force and fuel endothermic cracking in uniformly heated rectangular channels","authors":"Nianqi Li,&nbsp;Weihao Ling,&nbsp;Zhilong Cheng,&nbsp;Ting Ma,&nbsp;Min Zeng,&nbsp;Qiuwang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing flight Mach numbers, hypersonic vehicles face growing demands for effective heat sinks. Conventional fuels, limited by their endothermic capacity under moderate thermal conditions, can no longer meet these requirements. Hydrocarbon-based chemical heat sinks, utilising deep thermal cracking, offer a potential solution; however, the combined effects of cracking reactions and buoyancy—due to radial density gradients—complicate heat and mass transfer. This study investigates the influence of buoyancy on thermal and chemical transport in uniformly heated horizontal and inclined rectangular channels. Results show that buoyancy increases the outlet fuel temperature by 11 K and reduces the average flow velocity by 0.2 m/s in cracking conditions. It also leads to significant circumferential heat transfer non-uniformity by increasing thermal resistance and reducing heat flux on the upper wall. Buoyancy modifies the wall temperature distribution, suppressing cracking at the top and promoting it at the bottom. Additionally, buoyancy affects coking behaviour, reducing deposition in the inlet region but increasing it at the upper wall and corners, especially under low-pressure and high-flux conditions. These findings inform design strategies for improved regenerative cooling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127808"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on cavitation energy characteristics of mixed flow pump based on entropy production theory and multi-resolution dynamic mode decomposition (MRDMD)","authors":"Xugang Fan ,&nbsp;Wei Dong ,&nbsp;Peixuan Li ,&nbsp;Sucheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed-flow pumps' energy characteristics under critical, severe, and fracture cavitation are investigated in this study using entropy production theory combined with multi-resolution dynamic mode decomposition (MRDMD). The results demonstrate that as cavitation intensifies, the impeller's working capacity progressively declines, leading to a 3 %–15 % reduction in the head. Entropy production analysis shows that compared with non cavitation operation, the weighted average total entropy production of critical cavitation, severe cavitation, and fracture cavitation increased by 7.12 %, 13.62 %, and 26.04 %, respectively. Turbulent dissipation entropy production in the impeller domain constitutes the largest proportion and exhibits an increasing trend, serving as the primary contributor to performance degradation. The impeller's high entropy production zones are localized predominantly at the blade tip clearance and along the suction surface, where energy loss escalates with cavitation severity, resulting in flow channel expansion and blockage. In the guide vane domain, high entropy production zones primarily emerge near the leading and trailing edges, with cavitation-induced flow instability further expanding these regions. Furthermore, MRDMD modal decomposition indicates that the fourth-order mode (corresponding to twice the blade frequency, 193.3 Hz) dominates across all cavitation levels, with its turbulent energy distribution exhibiting pronounced periodic fluctuations at 1/4<em>T</em>(T, The time it takes for the impeller to rotate once). The high turbulent kinetic energy arc-shaped region induced by airfoil cavitation gradually shifts toward the blade trailing edge as cavitation worsens, whereas the turbulent kinetic energy distribution associated with tip leakage vortex (TLV) cavitation exhibits a distinct evolutionary pattern: initial diffusion followed by progressive contraction, accompanied by gradual energy dissipation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127812"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEM-constrained PINN with SHAP-guided optimization for predicting sCO2 critical flow through orifices across broad parameter conditions","authors":"Yanjie Kang ,&nbsp;Gengyuan Tian ,&nbsp;Yanping Huang ,&nbsp;Sulin Qin ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and efficient prediction of critical mass flow rates for supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) system is essential for real-time risk assessment and safety management. However, current efficient models exhibit limited generalizability due to data scarcity across broad parameter conditions. To address this, a homogeneous equilibrium model-constrained physics-informed neural network is proposed, using sCO₂ critical flow through orifices as a case study. The model incorporates fundamental physical mechanisms into the network’s cost function, enabling compliance with physical laws and enhancing generalizability with limited training data. Furthermore, a Shapley additive explanation (SHAP)-guided optimization method is introduced to mitigate the prevalent “black-box” limitation. This approach integrates prior physical knowledge with derivative information of mean SHAP curves derived from interpretability analysis, refining the weights of the network’s cost function to enhance the consistency between the model’s behavior and the fundamental principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, thereby improving interpretability. Validated against experimental and simulation datasets spanning broad parameter conditions, the proposed model achieves a 62.65% reduction in mean relative error compared to the existing model, demonstrating superior accuracy and generalization. Subsequent SHAP-guided optimization further reduces the error by 15.81%, outperforming validation-set-error-based tuning while ensuring input feature contributions better adhered to physical laws. This study can provide theoretical reference for the accurate, efficient and interpretable prediction of sCO₂ critical mass flow rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIL-100(Fe) as a functional sorbent coating: Green synthesis, energetic insights, and heat exchange efficiency","authors":"XN Ren ,&nbsp;BC Wang ,&nbsp;ZQ Zhang ,&nbsp;XW Gao ,&nbsp;GG Cheng ,&nbsp;DT Bui","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient air dehumidification is essential for improving indoor air quality and energy efficiency in cooling applications. This study explores the use of MIL-100(Fe) as a high-performance desiccant coating for fin-tube heat exchangers in air dehumidification systems. MIL-100(Fe) was synthesized using an environmentally friendly method and comprehensively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to confirm its crystal structure, morphology, high porosity, and thermal stability. The water vapor adsorption and desorption isotherms were analyzed at different temperatures and fitted using the Dubinin-Astakhov (D-A), Sun-Chakraborty (S-C), and universal isotherm models. The results revealed insights into the stepwise adsorption mechanism and thermodynamics, correlating with the material’s crystal structure. To enhance coating stability, four different binders (hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, cellulose acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol) were evaluated. The optimized 10% hydroxyethyl cellulose binder provided a balance between mechanical stability and adsorption capacity. The coated heat exchanger was tested under actual operating conditions, demonstrating twice the moisture removal efficiency of a conventional silica gel-coated heat exchanger. The integration of site-resolved thermodynamic modeling with experimental validation under realistic operating conditions offers new insights into MOF-based thermal management materials and highlights MIL-100(Fe)’s potential for energy-efficient dehumidification systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127811"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the two-phase immersion cooling performance by surface wettability modification","authors":"Raha Kalantarpour,&nbsp;Kambiz Vafai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of surface wettability on nucleate boiling performance in a two-phase immersion cooling system, using static contact angles of 160°, 90°, and 30° to represent hydrophobic, intermediate, and hydrophilic surfaces. A dual-chip configuration is employed to capture the influence of surface orientation on boiling behavior and thermal response. Volume of Fluid (VOF) simulations are conducted to evaluate vapor distribution, temperature fields, liquid coverage, and heat transfer coefficients.</div><div>Results show that decreasing the contact angle from 160° to 30° significantly enhances boiling performance. The heat transfer coefficient on the lower chip increases from 600 to 5700 W/m²·K, while the upper chip improves from 440 to 3600 W/m²·K, representing gains of 850 % and 700 %, respectively. Surface temperatures are reduced by up to 2.5 K. However, stronger boiling activity at lower contact angles increases vapor accumulation near the upper chip, resulting in greater temperature asymmetry between the two surfaces.</div><div>These findings highlight that while enhanced wettability substantially improves boiling heat transfer, it also intensifies orientation-driven vapor effects. Optimizing performance in immersion-cooled systems requires not only surface engineering but also consideration of vapor management in multi-surface and vertically arranged configurations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarities and dissimilarities in a spatially evolving turbulent reactive planar jet","authors":"Xue-Lu Xiong,&nbsp;Yifan Pei,&nbsp;Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbulent mixing of reactive scalars is fundamental to a range of engineering and environmental processes, yet accurately capturing its multi-scale dynamics remains challenging. This study employs quasi-direct numerical simulation to investigate the turbulent mixing characteristics of a planar turbulent jet undergoing an isothermal second-order chemical reaction, with a particular focus on the self-similar properties of the velocity and scalar fields. A novel transitional region where the turbulence dissipation coefficient increases streamwise is revealed. The streamwise increase of turbulence dissipation coefficient is attributed to the constant Taylor-scale Reynolds number (<span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) and the growing ratio of outer to inner length scales (<span><math><mrow><mi>δ</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mi>δ</mi></math></span> represents the jet half-width and <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> the Taylor microscale). The interaction between turbulent transport and chemical reactions causes notable changes in the scalar distribution patterns, as evidenced by distinct scaling laws and flux profiles of reactive scalar compared to those of a scalar. Additionally, a persistent core region with nearly constant fluctuation covariance is observed. These findings offer novel insights into the interplay between reactions and turbulent mixing, which is essential for optimizing industrial processes and environmental assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127800"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics of high temperature helium-xenon mixture in monoblock fuel element","authors":"Tianshi Wang ,&nbsp;Jinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongchun Li ,&nbsp;Dongchuan Su ,&nbsp;Xiang Chai ,&nbsp;Jiaolong Deng ,&nbsp;Hui He ,&nbsp;Tengfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Helium-xenon (He-Xe) mixtures demonstrate exceptional potential as heat transfer media in nuclear micro-reactor systems due to their superior heat transfer properties and compressibility. This study investigates the thermal-hydraulic behavior of a 19.26 g/mol He-Xe mixture through a dedicated high-temperature experimental loop designed for solid-core portable microreactor applications. Systematic experiments were performed under controlled conditions, with Reynolds numbers ranging from 5632 to 10,312, inlet temperatures from 417 K to 704 K, wall temperatures from 482 K to 1003 K, and heat flux densities from 4443 W/m² to 21,027 W/m². The results indicate that the friction pressure drop is highly sensitive to variations in inlet temperature and heat flux, primarily due to the high aspect ratio channel of the monoblock structure. Notably, thermal flux enhancement (compared to inlet temperature adjustment) more effectively enhances convective heat transfer coefficients when maintaining equivalent average fluid temperature rise, attributed to intensified flow acceleration from elevated heat fluxes. The research establishes empirical correlations for Darcy friction factors along with total and local Nusselt numbers specific to the He-Xe mixture. Validation of these correlations reveals average deviations of 2.7 %, 3.4 %, and 16.8 %, respectively, demonstrating superior accuracy compared to existing predictive models. Moreover, the newly derived local Nusselt number correlation, unlike existing ones, exhibits wall temperature independence, thereby extending its application range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127809"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Enhanced boiling heat transfer on three-dimensional hybrid micropillar array surfaces” [International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 220 (2024) 125011/DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.125011]","authors":"Chung-Te Huang ,&nbsp;Wei-Hsin Chan ,&nbsp;Qi-Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Wei-Lun Hsu ,&nbsp;Ming-Chang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 127770"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of roughness effect on critical heat flux in subcooled flow boiling","authors":"Kejian Dong ,&nbsp;Sihong He ,&nbsp;Sina Li ,&nbsp;Deqi Chen ,&nbsp;Jiyun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface roughness represents a fundamental parameter governing vapor-liquid interfacial behaviors and critical heat flux (CHF) in boiling system. Separated effect of roughness on CHF in subcooled flow boiling is studied in this work, employing copper surface with controlled averaged roughness (<em>Ra</em>) ranging from 0.141 μm to 2.135 μm. The surface wettability is moderately influenced and surface negligible wickability is maintained. The results demonstrate a consistent non-monotonic relationship between roughness and CHF across the tested range of mass fluxes (100 to 400 kg/m²s). As <em>Ra</em> increases, the CHF initially rises and peaks at <em>Ra</em>=0.699 μm, exhibiting a ∼30% enhancement compared to the CHF at the smoothest surface (<em>Ra</em>=0.141 μm). Then, the CHF stabilizes or even experiences a slight decline with further increases in roughness. The impact trend is attributed to the limitedly increased nucleation site density, restricted microlayer evaporation, and increased liquid rewetting friction under high <em>Ra</em>. In addition, the thermal parameters effect, including mass flux, subcooling, and pressure, is studied, and the increasing trend is explained based on the visualization results of vapor-liquid dynamics. Building upon these experimental insights, a prediction model for CHF is established considering the roughness effect and thermal parameter effect, with a good agreement of ±15% errors compared to experimental data. The findings provide insights into surface fabrication on boiling heat transfer enhancement and safety design in boiling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127806"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of confined bubble behavior and enhanced flow boiling heat transfer in vertical minichannels under ultrasonic field by using bubble edge detection method","authors":"Jian Xiao ,&nbsp;Mingmin Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Confined bubble dynamics plays a pivotal role in flow boiling within minichannels; however, the mechanisms underlying ultrasonic field-induced heat transfer enhancement remain inadequately understood. This study experimentally investigates the effects of ultrasonic fields (frequencies: 23, 28, 32, and 40 kHz) on the growth dynamics of confined bubbles in flow boiling. High-speed visualization and edge detection techniques are employed to qualitatively examine bubble growth, confinement, and elongation. The results reveal that ultrasound modifies bubble growth through: (1) reducing initial bubble size while accelerating late-stage growth; (2) inducing early displacement, delaying thin-film boiling, and extending the nucleation-to-confinement transition from 78 ms to 85 ms at 218.04 kg/(m²·s); (3) suppressing premature elongation and decreasing the diameter-to-length ratio, thereby enlarging the effective evaporation region; and (4) enhancing gasification at the liquid–vapor interface, increasing vapor generation and latent heat removal. A comprehensive analysis of bubble dynamics under varying ultrasonic parameters and confinement effects provides mechanistic insight into ultrasound-enhanced flow boiling. These findings offer guidance for optimizing thermal management in high-power microelectronic cooling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 127779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}