International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow最新文献_第5页

Modulation of thermal conductivity in graphene semi-encapsulated monolayer 2D β-bismuthene through twist angle engineering 扭转角工程对二维石墨烯半封装单层β-铋的热导率调制

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110033

Jiangnan Song , Tingting Miao , Meng An , Dongsheng Chen

{"title":"Modulation of thermal conductivity in graphene semi-encapsulated monolayer 2D β-bismuthene through twist angle engineering","authors":"Jiangnan Song , Tingting Miao , Meng An , Dongsheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) <em>β</em>-bismuthene, characterized by intrinsically low thermal conductivity and excellent optoelectronic properties, is a promising material for thermoelectric and nanoelectronic applications. Nevertheless, its thermal transport behavior in heterostructures remains insufficiently understood. In this work, we investigate the twist-angle-dependent thermal transport in graphene semi-encapsulated monolayer <em>β</em>-bismuthene using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that graphene encapsulation substantially enhances the in-plane thermal conductivity of <em>β</em>-bismuthene layer in graphene-semi-encapsulated heterostructures, with a maximum increase of 180.90 % compared to pristine monolayer <em>β</em>-bismuthene. As the twist angle increases from 0° to 10.89°, the thermal conductivity decreases monotonically by up to 13.80 %. Meanwhile, the interface thermal resistance increases from 2.03 × 10<sup>−7</sup> to 2.19 × 10<sup>−7</sup> Km<sup>2</sup>W<sup>−1</sup>, reflecting weakened interlayer coupling. Phonon density of states and transmission spectra analyses indicate that low-frequency phonon softening and phonon localization are responsible for the reduction in thermal conductivity. Stress analysis further reveals that higher twist angles induce stronger interfacial stress concentration, with the average atomic stress increasing by ∼12.30 %, thereby enhancing phonon scattering. Potential energy surface calculations show that the interfacial energy variation decreases significantly from 0.62 meV to 0.13 meV with increasing twist angle, confirming the progressive weakening of vdW interfacial coupling. Overall, this study provides microscopic insights into thermal transport modulation in graphene/<em>β</em>-bismuthene heterostructures and offers guidance for designing advanced thermal management materials based on two-dimensional <em>β</em>-bismuthene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An improved two-zone model for the design of supercritical CO2 centrifugal compressors and verification 一种用于超临界CO2离心压缩机设计的改进双区模型及验证

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110034

Haocheng Wang , Bing Tang , Qinghua Deng , Jun Li

{"title":"An improved two-zone model for the design of supercritical CO2 centrifugal compressors and verification","authors":"Haocheng Wang , Bing Tang , Qinghua Deng , Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO<sub>2</sub>) Brayton cycle is a promising power cycle characterized by its high efficiency and compact turbomachinery. As a key component, the centrifugal compressor significantly impacts the cycle performance. However, drastic changes in CO<sub>2</sub>’s physical properties near the critical point pose significant challenges to compressor aerodynamic design. To enhance the accuracy of SCO<sub>2</sub> centrifugal compressor design and alleviate the design workload, an improved two-zone model has been proposed and implemented through computer programming for one-dimensional aerodynamic design. The aerodynamic performance and flow characteristics of the compressor designed with this model were then examined by solving the steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The results indicate that, under design conditions, the compressor designed using the improved two-zone model exhibits relative errors of less than 1.5% for both the total-to-total pressure ratio and total-to-total isentropic efficiency. Additionally, the design process time has been reduced to one-third of its original duration. Notably, the impeller blade tip clearance significantly affects compressor performance, and the flow impacts the leading edge of the vaned diffuser, which leads to an increase in the Mach number and heightens the risk of cavitation for SCO<sub>2</sub>. Three-dimensional numerical calculations have verified the validity of the improved two-zone model in designing SCO<sub>2</sub> centrifugal compressors. This finding is of significant importance for advancing the application of SCO<sub>2</sub> centrifugal compressors in the field of power engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical study of TPMS-based microchannel heat sinks using supercritical CO2: Effects of structure type and volume fraction 超临界CO2 tpms微通道散热器的数值研究：结构类型和体积分数的影响

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110028

Hui Peng, Zhan-Chao Hu

{"title":"Numerical study of TPMS-based microchannel heat sinks using supercritical CO2: Effects of structure type and volume fraction","authors":"Hui Peng, Zhan-Chao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of additive manufacturing has enabled the fabrication of complex microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) based on triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures. Meanwhile, supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (sCO2) has emerged as a promising coolant due to its favorable thermophysical properties. This study integrates these two advances by investigating the thermohydraulic performance of six TPMS-based MCHSs using sCO2, including sheet- and solid-network variants of Gyroid, Diamond, and IWP structures. The influence of volume fraction and the effectiveness of a graded distribution strategy are systematically examined. Results show that sheet-network structures offer superior cooling performance but higher pressure drops than solid-network ones. The performance ranking, based on a performance index, consistently follows Gyroid <span><math><mo>></mo></math></span> Diamond <span><math><mo>></mo></math></span> IWP. Increasing the volume fraction enhances cooling but also increases pressure drop. A graded volume fraction, with a higher value near the heated surface and a lower one farther from it, effectively reduces pressure drop with only a moderate compromise in cooling. Overall, the Gyroid-Sheet structure with a high volume fraction and an optional graded design is recommended for high heat flux cooling applications. This study provides practical guidance for designing TPMS-based MCHSs with sCO2, advancing the application of additive manufacturing and the use of sCO2 in next-generation thermal management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase-field modeling of solidification resistance and droplet spreading dynamics under low-velocity impact 低速冲击下凝固阻力和液滴扩散动力学的相场模拟

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110031

Qingfei Bian , Yanwei Xie , Dagang Huang , Yao Zhao , Wei Li

{"title":"Phase-field modeling of solidification resistance and droplet spreading dynamics under low-velocity impact","authors":"Qingfei Bian , Yanwei Xie , Dagang Huang , Yao Zhao , Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediction of the droplet spreading process on a supercooled wall surface is important for advancing engineering applications. However, the complexity of this issue is exacerbated by multiple factors, including initial kinetic energy, wettability, physical properties of droplet, and the resistance force generated during the solidification process under wall supercooled conditions. After considering the phase field method, equivalent heat capacity model, and Kistler’s approach, we establish a numerical model to track the droplet spreading evolution bottomed on laminar flow governing equations in this paper. The droplet sectional shape and spreading length under various conditions are systematically investigated, with a focus on the evolution of solidification resistance and its dissipative effects on the spreading dynamics. Results reveal a distinct morphological evolution of the droplet spreading process, transitioning sequentially from a “spherical shape” to a “rounded cap”, followed by “pancake/cylinder” configurations, and ultimately stabilizing as a “shallow-tray” morphology. Solidification resistance dissipation critically modulates these transitions, with elevated supercooling suppressing droplet retraction kinetics while amplifying maximum spreading lengths and prolonged spreading durations. Under the interaction effect of solidification rate and velocity, the solidification resistance and dissipation first increase, then gradually decrease, ultimately approaching zero along with droplet spreading. Besides, reduced initial impact velocities also attenuate the sensitivity of spreading dynamics to variations in supercooled temperature. Notably, a total solidification resistance dissipation computation method assisted by numerical results is developed. Quantitative result demonstrates its efficacy in modifying the isothermal spreading length prediction model, achieving a maximum error of 10% and an average error of 4.8%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based super-resolution reconstruction of turbulent flow simulations over superhydrophobic surfaces 基于机器学习的超分辨率重建超疏水表面湍流模拟

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110032

Kyungyoun Han, Jongmin Seo

{"title":"Machine learning-based super-resolution reconstruction of turbulent flow simulations over superhydrophobic surfaces","authors":"Kyungyoun Han, Jongmin Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerical simulations of turbulence over a superhydrophobic surface impose a significant computational burden. Recently, as part of reducing the computational cost in simulating turbulent flows, machine learning-based super-resolution reconstruction has recently been applied. In this study, we performed direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent flow over a superhydrophobic surface, which exhibits multiscale phenomena, and subsequently downsampled the resolution by a factor of 16 to train a super-resolution model. The performance of the model was evaluated through both qualitative and quantitative analyses, including velocity contours, the q-criterion, the probability density function of vortices, and the turbulent energy spectrum. Specifically, we examined the reconstruction accuracy in the viscous sublayer, where micro-scale phenomena occur, and in the logarithmic layer, where turbulence dominates, to assess the capability of the model in handling multiscale turbulent flows. Furthermore, we conducted a under-resolved simulation with a mesh reduced by a factor of 16 within the same numerical method and the velocity field was reconstructed at high resolution using the trained model. The reconstructed results were analyzed using the same metrics as before, demonstrating the potential of the super-resolution reconstruction model to reduce computational costs in DNS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strain-resolved analysis of energy dissipation mechanisms in single-cell tornado-like vortices 单细胞类龙卷风涡旋能量耗散机制的应变分辨分析

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110018

Qinyu Cai, Yumeng Zhang, Qing Lv, Sijie Dong, Binbin Pei, Bo Wang

{"title":"Strain-resolved analysis of energy dissipation mechanisms in single-cell tornado-like vortices","authors":"Qinyu Cai, Yumeng Zhang, Qing Lv, Sijie Dong, Binbin Pei, Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy dissipation is crucial in fluid dynamics, especially in swirl flow systems known for their high energy intensity. Their flow behavior is widely studied, both as natural phenomena and in industrial applications. However, its mechanism in terms of energy is not investigated in sufficient depth. In this study, a numerical model of tornado-like vortices is developed using a self-constructed simulator and validated with high-precision experimental data. An energy loss model is employed to visualize energy dissipation and analyze its distribution and underlying mechanisms.</div><div>The results show that energy dissipation is primarily concentrated in the lower vortex core, with a viscous-to-turbulent dissipation ratio of 9:16. In particular, energy dissipation is closely related to fluid strain induced by stretching and shear deformations. During vortex formation, flow-induced traction and flow redirection due to centrifugal effects enhance velocity gradients, thereby increasing stretching deformation and energy dissipation. Moreover, horizontal shear deformation, driven by tangential velocity gradients in the vortex core, and vertical shear deformation arising from velocity gradients at the inner-outer vortex boundary, further intensify energy dissipation. Additionally, vortex eccentricity, a feature of spatial instability, results in uneven velocity gradient distribution, exacerbating dissipation. These findings provide novel insights into the energy dissipation mechanisms of tornado-like vortices and deepen the understanding of vortex dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

De-noising and super-resolution of fluid-flow velocity measurements by optimising a discrete loss (ODIL) 优化离散损耗（ODIL）的流体流速测量降噪和超分辨率

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.109988

Stephen Terrington, Mark Thompson, Kerry Hourigan

引用次数: 0

Innovative approaches for predicting cryogenic hydrogen behaviour 预测低温氢行为的创新方法

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110025

Javad Mohammadpour , Qingxin Ba , Xuefang Li , Fatemeh Salehi

{"title":"Innovative approaches for predicting cryogenic hydrogen behaviour","authors":"Javad Mohammadpour , Qingxin Ba , Xuefang Li , Fatemeh Salehi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Safe and efficient methods for storing and transporting liquid hydrogen are crucial for decarbonisation. This study presents an advanced method for analysing cryogenic hydrogen releases, combining large eddy simulation (LES), proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), and machine learning (ML) models to predict hydrogen dispersion and temperature distribution. Using LES data to model Sandia’s cryogenic hydrogen jet experiment (5 bar, 50 K), 540 snapshots of hydrogen mole fraction and temperature fields are extracted over a time range of 0.15 s to 0.42 s. POD identifies the first 10 dominant spatial modes, reducing the dataset dimensionality while preserving critical flow structures. A bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) model is adopted to predict the subsequent temporal coefficients with high accuracy for both hydrogen mole fraction and temperature distribution. For the mole fraction, the root mean squared error (RMSE) ranges from 0.017 to 0.059, the coefficient of determination (R2) varies between 0.944 and 0.997, and the correlation coefficient (R) remains between 0.972 and 0.999. Similarly, for temperature, RMSE spans from 0.024 to 0.061, R2 ranges from 0.941 to 0.993, and R varies between 0.971 and 0.998. The reconstructed results closely match LES data, with the ML-based method achieving a lower deviation (2.85 %) in predicting the hydrogen flammability threshold (0.04 mol fraction) compared to POD (3.56 %). The model accurately identifies the extent of the flammable region, which is essential for fire risk assessment and determining safe separation distances. In addition, this method identifies regions with increased ignition potential due to high hydrogen concentration and temperature gradients, helping in hazard mitigation strategies. The research contributes to safe hydrogen storage and transport, supporting global decarbonisation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct Numerical Simulations of turbulent channel flow roughened with 2D triangular bars: On the Effective Distribution parametrization 二维三角杆粗化湍流通道流动的直接数值模拟：关于有效分布参数化的研究

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110015

Federica Bruno , Mauro De Marchis , Stefano Leonardi

{"title":"Direct Numerical Simulations of turbulent channel flow roughened with 2D triangular bars: On the Effective Distribution parametrization","authors":"Federica Bruno , Mauro De Marchis , Stefano Leonardi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbulent flows over rough surfaces are a common phenomenon in engineering applications, yet predicting how the roughness affects the turbulent flow remains a challenge. In the present paper, we expand the results of Bruno et al. (2024) on the new geometrical parameter, the Effective Distribution (ED). Specifically, the effect of roughness on turbulent intensities has been investigated. The ED demonstrates improved correlations with both drag and roughness function across a wide range of surface configurations, including irregular rough surfaces generated by random sinusoidal functions. A detailed analysis of the ED equation reveals that the contributions of higher pinnacles and the spacing between roughness elements, play a dominant role in capturing the impact of roughness on drag and turbulent intensities. To investigate this issue, a detailed analysis of turbulent intensities modification induced by the roughness is performed, thus showing the highest pinnacle’s role. These results emphasize the importance of considering these terms in the parametrization of rough surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ANN vs. MARS modeling: Experimental performance enhancement of MgO-TiO2/water binary and TiO2/water mono nanofluids in a plate-fin heat exchanger ANN与MARS模型：在板翅式换热器中增强二氧化钛/水二元纳米流体和二氧化钛/水单纳米流体的实验性能

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110022

Emre Askin Elibol , Yunus Emre Gonulacar , Fatih Aktas , Burak Tigli

{"title":"ANN vs. MARS modeling: Experimental performance enhancement of MgO-TiO2/water binary and TiO2/water mono nanofluids in a plate-fin heat exchanger","authors":"Emre Askin Elibol , Yunus Emre Gonulacar , Fatih Aktas , Burak Tigli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study has experimentally examined the cooling performance/heat transfer rate, effectiveness, and UA product of a PFHE (plate-fin heat exchanger) used on a motorcycle, employing MgO-TiO<sub>2</sub>/water binary and TiO<sub>2</sub>/water mono nanofluids, in addition to pure water, at various concentrations (0 %, 0.00645 %, 0.0125 %, 0.025 % and 0.05 %), inlet temperatures (70 °C and 80 °C), and flow rates (6.5 LPM, 9.5 LPM and 12.5 LPM). The maximum heat transfer rate, effectiveness, and UA product values observed were 673.868 W, 0.856, and 27.768, respectively, with a 0.025 % concentration of MgO-TiO<sub>2</sub>/water binary nanofluid at an inlet temperature of 80 °C and a flow rate of 6.5 LPM. The heat transfer rate, effectiveness, and UA product values for pure water (0 %) under the same conditions were 591.152 W, 0.809, and 23.534, respectively. By applying the acquired data, both ANN and MARS were employed to predict effectiveness, and a comparison was established between the two methods. According to the best result for ANN (T<sub>in</sub> = 80 °C and MgO-TiO<sub>2</sub>/water), the MARS result indicates an MSE of 1.17 × 10<sup>−5</sup>, RMSE of 0.0034, SSE of 0.0002, MAPE of 0.3411, and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9921. By comparison, the ANN results indicate an MSE of 2.52 × 10<sup>−6</sup>, RMSE of 0.0016, SSE of 3.78 × 10<sup>−5</sup>, MAPE of 0.0876, and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9983. According to the best result for MARS (T<sub>in</sub> = 80 °C and TiO<sub>2</sub>/water), the ANN result shows an MSE of 6.03 × 10<sup>−5</sup>, RMSE of 0.0025, SSE of 9.05 × 10<sup>−5</sup>, MAPE of 0.1359, and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9961. On the other hand, the MARS results exhibit a MSE of 3.97 × 10<sup>−6</sup>, RMSE of 0.0020, SSE of 5.96 × 10<sup>−5</sup>, MAPE of 0.2003, and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9974.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 110022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0