International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow最新文献_第10页

Performance analysis and structural optimization of the microchannel heat sink for high power multi-chip heat dissipation 大功率多芯片散热微通道散热片的性能分析与结构优化

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110231

Yue Hu , Mingpeng Liu , Qinghua Lv , Yucheng Yao , Hui Lv , Saffa Riffat

{"title":"Performance analysis and structural optimization of the microchannel heat sink for high power multi-chip heat dissipation","authors":"Yue Hu , Mingpeng Liu , Qinghua Lv , Yucheng Yao , Hui Lv , Saffa Riffat","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As power densities in electronic devices rise significantly, effective thermal dissipation is crucial for high power system safety and performance. This challenge is particularly severe in multi-chip applications, where simultaneous temperature uniformity and efficient heat dissipation are required. To address this, a novel microchannel heat sink featuring three key innovations is proposed: contracted the longitudinal main channel to balance the distribution of coolant within the chip, inclined transversal main channels to optimize inter-chip flow allocation, and temperature adaptive rib arrays with graded density to further improve thermal uniformity. A three dimensional numerical model was developed using ANSYS, with performance evaluated through temperature difference, maximum temperature, and pressure drop metrics. The optimized design demonstrates significant performance improvements, achieving 70.37 % enhancement in temperature uniformity and 41 % reduction in thermal resistance at 0.8 m/s flow velocity compared to the baseline configuration. The proposed microchannel heat sink maintains the maximum temperature below 358.15 K under extreme heat flux conditions of 370 W/cm<sup>2</sup> while constraining temperature difference within 4 K. These results validate the proposed microchannel heat sink as an effective thermal management solution for high power multi-chip devices, offering simultaneous enhancement of temperature uniformity and heat dissipation capability through its multi-scale structural innovations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and thermal-humidity characteristics of a thermoelectric cooling unit 热电冷却装置的设计及热湿特性

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110168

Ding Wang, Wenqian Zhang, Leyao Chu, Zun Liu, Limei Shen

{"title":"Design and thermal-humidity characteristics of a thermoelectric cooling unit","authors":"Ding Wang, Wenqian Zhang, Leyao Chu, Zun Liu, Limei Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, advancements in thermoelectric materials have substantially increased the application potential of thermoelectric cooling technology. As the primary energy conversion unit in thermoelectric cooling systems, the performance of the thermoelectric cooling unit (TECU) has a direct impact on system efficiency and reliability. However, current designs of TECU are limited owing to a lack of standardized procedures. Moreover, existing research has primarily focused on heat transfer processes, while the impact of condensation from humid air on the cold-side during practical operation remains largely unexplored. This study proposes a systematic design process based on rated cooling capacity and designs a TECU with a cooling capacity of 500 W. Subsequently, a coupled simulation model integrating “thermoelectric effects–heat transfer–heat-mass conversion” is developed to investigate the thermal and humidity characteristics of thermoelectric cooling performance. Simulation results show a linear relationship between temperature and cooling performance. A 2 ℃ increase in cold-side temperature increases cooling capacity by 32.3 W, while an equivalent increase in hot-side temperature reduces it by 26.2 W. By contrast, the effect of humidity is non-linear and complex. Humidity only affects the cooling performance once it reaches the condensation threshold. The condensation phenomenon improves heat transfer efficiency and increases cooling capacity by an average of 64.3 W. Under varying temperature and humidity working conditions, the TECU maintains a constant cooling capacity of 500 W by adjusting the TECU input current. Notably, the coefficient of performance improves by 61.0 % under high-humidity conditions, reaching 1.41. This study provides valuable theoretical insights for the design and application of TECU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical regulation of Gyroid-type TPMS structures for enhanced convective heat transfer 螺旋型TPMS结构强化对流换热的数学规律

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110227

Kaiwen Qin , Si Yang , Tingxiang Lv , Xijun Zhao , Xiaobin Tang

{"title":"Mathematical regulation of Gyroid-type TPMS structures for enhanced convective heat transfer","authors":"Kaiwen Qin , Si Yang , Tingxiang Lv , Xijun Zhao , Xiaobin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures have demonstrated significant potential for enhanced heat transfer owing to their compact structural design and excellent effective thermophysical properties. To further improve their convective heat transfer performance, precise control over their morphology has become a focus in current studies. In this study, a Gyroid-type TPMS structure was selected as the research subject, and three functional improvement methods—amplitude control, periodicity control, and phase control—were proposed. The effects of different control strategies on the morphological characteristics of the Gyroid structure were analyzed, and the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the improved Gyroid structure were calculated by numerical simulation and experimental measurement. The results show that with increasing values of the through-hole control factor (<em>α</em>), the peak temperature (<em>T</em><sub>max</sub>) of the Gyroid structure decreases by 19.0–33.6 K, while the convective heat transfer coefficient (<em>h</em>) increases by 29.4–33.7 %. Similarly, with increasing values of the wrinkle control factor (<em>β</em>), <em>T</em><sub>max</sub> decreases by 7.3–8.8 K, <em>h</em> increases by 5.4–7.9 %. The proposed methods not only provide a novel idea for further enhancing the heat transfer performance of Gyroid structures, but also offer valuable reference and theoretical support for the optimal design of other TPMS structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Porous-medium modelling and thermo-hydraulic characteristics of multi-stage perforated plate arrangement 多级穿孔板布置的多孔介质模拟及热水力特性

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110217

Arijit Das, Tripti Sekhar Datta, Tapas Kumar Nandi

{"title":"Porous-medium modelling and thermo-hydraulic characteristics of multi-stage perforated plate arrangement","authors":"Arijit Das, Tripti Sekhar Datta, Tapas Kumar Nandi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel porous-medium modelling of multi-stage perforated plate arrangements to investigate their thermo-hydraulic performance while significantly reducing the computational cost of resolving small perforations. In this approach, the Darcy-Forchheimer equation is introduced as a source term in the Navier-Stokes momentum equation to represent the pressure losses induced by perforations, while the heat transfer between the fluid and plates is captured using the local thermal non-equilibrium(LTNE) formulation. However, the model requires values of permeability, Forchheimer coefficient, pressure loss coefficient, and Colburn factor. These parameters are determined by numerical simulations of a single and two-stage perforated plate arrangements with fully resolved perforated plate. The numerical model was validated with available experimental data. Using the simulated data for aligned and misaligned-holes configurations, correlations are developed over porosities of 0.2–0.3 and pore-scale Reynolds numbers (<em>Re</em>) of 10–4000. A comparison between fully resolved perforated plates and their porous-medium counterparts shows that the porous model offers substantial reductions in the number of mesh elements and computational time, while maintaining a good accuracy. Parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the effects of geometrical parameters and <em>Re</em> on pressure drop and heat transfer. The results show that heat transfer increases with porosity, thickness-to-perforation diameter (<em>t/d)</em> ratio, and <em>Re</em>, whereas pressure drop decreases with porosity but increases with both <em>t/d</em> ratio and <em>Re</em>. Increasing stage distance raises both heat transfer and pressure drop for aligned-holes, while misaligned-holes show the opposite trend. Overall, this work will be useful in modelling devices consists of multi-stage perforated plate arrangement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct numerical simulation of installation effects on airfoil noise 安装对翼型噪声影响的直接数值模拟

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110207

Ziyang Zhou , Stéphane Moreau , Marlène Sanjosé

{"title":"Direct numerical simulation of installation effects on airfoil noise","authors":"Ziyang Zhou , Stéphane Moreau , Marlène Sanjosé","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate installation effects on velocity statistics and its influence on farfield noise, three Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) have been run using the Lattice-Boltzmann Method with the PowerFLOW software on the Controlled-Diffusion (CD) airfoil at a Reynolds number of 150 000 and 8 degrees angle of attack installed in the Universite de Sherbrooke (UdeS) wind tunnel. Differences in setup between these DNS simulations are the addition of voxel refinements and turbulent trips to the simulation setup for better capturing of the jet shear layer downstream of the wind tunnel nozzle lip. Results show that the airfoil boundary layer displacement thickness, momentum thickness and shape factor are slightly increased after jet shear layer refinement due to an increase in mean angle of attack caused by a change in shear layer state. Despite these changes caused by the mixing layer state, maximum Reynolds stress magnitude near the trailing edge of the airfoil was changed by only 6%. This indicates that adjustments to the wall pressure statistics which are relevant to trailing edge noise generation was only marginal. As such, changes to boundary layer statistics had limited impact on far-field noise in the mid-frequency range in this operating state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of cylinder diameter and spacing on fluid flow, forces, and heat transfer in tandem cylinder configuration 圆柱直径和间距对串联式圆柱结构中流体流动、力和传热的影响

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110178

Md. Mahbub Alam , Zia Ullah , Hongjun Zhu , Chunning Ji , Md. Islam , Mostafa Zeinoddini

{"title":"Impact of cylinder diameter and spacing on fluid flow, forces, and heat transfer in tandem cylinder configuration","authors":"Md. Mahbub Alam , Zia Ullah , Hongjun Zhu , Chunning Ji , Md. Islam , Mostafa Zeinoddini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically investigates the fluid flow, aerodynamic forces, and heat transfer characteristics around a circular cylinder (diameter <em>D</em>) positioned in the wake of another cylinder (diameter <em>d</em>), with varying diameter ratios <em>d/D</em> (= 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) and inter-cylinder spacing ratios <em>L*</em> (= <em>L/D</em> = 1.2 –5.0). Significant effects of <em>d/D</em> and <em>L*</em> are identified on forces, heat transfer, and fluid dynamics at <em>Re<sub>D</sub></em> = 200. For a given <em>L*</em>, time-mean drag, fluctuating lift and drag, and Nusselt number all are generally smaller for larger <em>d/D</em>, with the time-mean drag force even becoming negative for <em>d/D</em> = 1.0. In the reattachment flow regime, the time-mean drag and Nusselt number decrease with increasing <em>L*</em> for smaller <em>d/D</em> = 0.4 and 0.6 but increase for larger <em>d/D</em> = 0.8 and 1.0. In the coshedding flow regime, the Nusselt number and forces increase with <em>L*</em>, regardless of <em>d/D</em>. The critical <em>L*</em> separating the reattachment and coshedding flows increases with increasing <em>d/D</em> from 0.4 to 0.8 before declining from <em>d/D</em> = 0.8 to 1.0. Streamwise velocity fields and local Nusselt number distributions on the cylinder surface are analyzed to explain the observed heat transfer phenomena. Local heat transfer is maximal on the front surface of the cylinder, corresponding to the inflection point on the near-surface velocity profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of side jet orientation, stretching, and flow rate on thermal enhancement at the leading edge of a gas turbine blade 侧喷流方向、拉伸和流量对燃气轮机叶片前缘热增强的影响

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110194

Swati Prajapati, Amitesh Kumar

{"title":"Influence of side jet orientation, stretching, and flow rate on thermal enhancement at the leading edge of a gas turbine blade","authors":"Swati Prajapati, Amitesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducts a comprehensive numerical analysis of impingement cooling performance in a gas turbine blade leading-edge configuration, focusing on the effects of side jet orientation, jet stretching, and varying inlet velocities. The modified designs incorporating side jets are compared against a baseline case without side jets. Side jets are introduced at various inclination angles (5°, 22.5°, 45°, and 67.5°) and stretched to different heights (3 mm, 6 mm, and 12 mm) while preserving the same cross-sectional area as a circular nozzle. The influence of these parameters is evaluated for Reynolds numbers ranging from 11,790 to 21,220. The results indicate that side jet orientation notably influences the axial and circumferential Nusselt number distributions. Among the configurations, the 67.5° side jet provided the highest local cooling near upstream impingement zones due to enhanced recirculation and reduced jet spreading. Side jet stretching showed more pronounced effects at higher inclination angles, where the 12 mm side jet maintained stronger momentum and improved thermal performance compared to 3 mm side jets. Increasing the flow rate led to higher overall Nusselt numbers and lower friction factors, indicating enhanced thermal efficiency. Thermal–Hydraulic Performance (THP) analysis revealed that all the configurations achieved THP values greater than one, confirming the viability of the design modifications. The configuration with a 67.5° side jet inclination and 12 mm stretching consistently demonstrated the highest THP across all flow conditions, establishing it as one of the promising design concepts for enhancing heat transfer in the leading-edge region of gas turbine blades while maintaining acceptable pressure losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic analysis of nanofluid with aggregated and non-aggregated nanoparticles 聚集和非聚集纳米颗粒纳米流体的热力学分析

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110205

Yasir Akbar , Keren Li , Jamshaid Iqbal , Xin Yang , Xuerui Mao

{"title":"Thermodynamic analysis of nanofluid with aggregated and non-aggregated nanoparticles","authors":"Yasir Akbar , Keren Li , Jamshaid Iqbal , Xin Yang , Xuerui Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regenerative cooling using nanofluids has been shown to improve the thermal performance of rocket engine thrust chambers and nozzle walls substantially. This study examines the use of a kerosene-alumina (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) nanofluid as an innovative coolant for semi- cryogenic rocket engines, emphasizing its superior thermophysical properties relative to conventional coolants, despite constraints in high-temperature environments. The focus is to analyze the thermodynamic behavior of nanofluid incorporating both aggregated and non-aggregated <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> nanoparticles. To capture nanoparticles aggregation, modified Krieger-Dougherty and Maxwell-Bruggeman models are integrated into the formulation. The complex influences such as Hall current and flow through porous media are also taken into consideration. The governing equations with thermal and velocity slip boundary conditions are simplified using the lubrication approximation to enable efficient analysis and numerically simulated to collect reference datasets across eight nanofluid configurations. A machine learning employing Bayesian Regularization Back Propagation Scheme (BRBPS) is developed using partitioned simulation data (70 % training, 15 % testing, 15 % validation). Aggregated and non-aggregated nanofluids reveal similar patterns in entropy generation and velocity profiles. However, non-aggregated nanoparticles result in more thermodynamic irreversibility than aggregated nanoparticles when the conditions are the same. Bejan number decreases with higher permeability. Both aggregated and non-aggregated nanoparticles compress trapped bolus size with increasing nanoparticles volume fraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the impact of various heating element cross-sections on the melting progression of phase change material 分析了不同加热元件截面对相变材料熔化过程的影响

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110163

Ali Radwan , Essam M. Abo-Zahhad , Ahmed Saad Soliman

{"title":"Analyzing the impact of various heating element cross-sections on the melting progression of phase change material","authors":"Ali Radwan , Essam M. Abo-Zahhad , Ahmed Saad Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Storing thermal energy in horizontally aligned cavities often suffers from limited energy storage capacity for a given thermal charging period. To address this limitation, this study aims to computationally investigate the impact of the shape and position of the heating element on the melting progression of phase change material (PCM) contained in a cylindrical cavity. The analyzed cases include concentric triangular, shifted triangular, concentric square, shifted square, concentric elliptical, and shifted elliptical cross-sections, and these are evaluated against a baseline case employing a conventional circular heating element. The results demonstrate that a shifted elliptical cross-section significantly enhances PCM melting in horizontally aligned thermal storage units. The melting time is reduced by approximately 52.8% when the standard circular heating element is replaced with a shifted elliptical heating element of equal cross-sectional area. To further investigate this improvement, the simulations are performed for various aspect ratios and shift ratios of the elliptical heating element. The findings show that a prolate elliptical shape shifted toward the bottom of the cylinder provides the best performance. The optimized elliptical heating element reduces the complete melting time by 76.9 % compared to the conventional circular concentric heating element.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New aspects in thermal systems at low ambient impact: Experimental study on interconnected natural circulation loops 低环境影响下热系统的新进展：相互连接的自然循环回路的实验研究

IF 2.6 3区工程技术

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110159

Mario Misale, Annalisa Marchitto, Johan Augusto Bocanegra

{"title":"New aspects in thermal systems at low ambient impact: Experimental study on interconnected natural circulation loops","authors":"Mario Misale, Annalisa Marchitto, Johan Augusto Bocanegra","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.110159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant research efforts are being carried out in this century to reduce the environmental impact of energy production and transportation technologies. The greenhouse effect caused an increase in the average temperature, and one of the targets is to keep it below two degrees Celsius. An interesting technology for transferring thermal energy without active devices (such as a pump or blower) is natural circulation in loops. These thermal circuits find applications in various engineering fields, such as geothermal implants, the cooling of new-generation nuclear reactors, electronic components, and solar systems. This paper presents an experimental study of natural circulation in interconnected loops. In particular, thermo-hydraulic behavior is studied when different parameters, such as power transferred to the fluid and the inclination of the entire loop assembly (referred to as the gravitational field), change. The interaction between multi-connected loops was observed for the first time, showing a direct dependence on the inclination angle and the input power differences of the three circuits. The maximum temperature difference and interaction intensity were observed at the higher inclination angle of 60°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 110159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0