Clocks & Sleep最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Heatwaves and Tropical Nights on Sleep in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Jelena Krčum, Neriman Ezgin, Nikola Šutulović, Nemanja Rajković, Emilija Djurić, Dušan Mladenović, Milena Vesković, Arif E Cetin, Aleksandra Rašić-Marković, Olivera Stanojlović, Dragan Hrnčić","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8030037","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8030037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heatwaves and tropical nights are emerging as significant public health challenges under accelerating climate change, with middle-aged and older adults demonstrating heightened vulnerability. This scoping review maps the existing evidence on how nocturnal heat affects sleep in middle-aged and older adults aged 45 and above, synthesizing findings from experimental and observational studies published in English over the past decade. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus, supplemented by reference screening, identified 31 relevant studies. Data on study design, population characteristics, heat exposure metrics, sleep outcomes, and interventions were charted and synthesized narratively due to methodological heterogeneity. Across studies, elevated nighttime temperatures consistently reduced total sleep time and sleep efficiency, increased wake after sleep onset, and disrupted sleep architecture, particularly REM and N3 stages. Environmental, behavioral, and physiological interventions such as improved ventilation, targeted cooling strategies, and pre-sleep thermal management partially mitigated heat-related sleep disruption. Overall, the findings highlight gaps in standardized exposure metrics and harmonized sleep assessment, providing guidance for future research and public health strategies aimed at protecting sleep health in middle-aged and aging populations amid increasingly frequent extreme heat events.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Blames the Moon for Poor Sleep? An Exploratory Online Survey.","authors":"Christian Cajochen","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020036","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The belief that the moon disturbs sleep is widespread, but the factors associated with it remain poorly understood. I therefore examined how frequently poor sleep is attributed to moon phases, whether this varied across the lunar cycle, and which personal and environmental factors were associated with \"moon blaming\". Data were derived from an ongoing online survey. At the time of analysis, 1815 participants had completed a 16-item questionnaire assessing sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep timing on workdays and free days, alarm clock use, environmental and personal sleep-disturbing factors, residential setting, age, gender, attention to lunar phases, and whether the moon was perceived as a cause of poor sleep. The primary outcome was endorsement of the moon as a sleep-disturbing factor. Logistic regression with stepwise Akaike information criterion selection was used to identify the strongest predictors of attributing the moon for poor sleep. Questionnaire timing was also examined across the lunar cycle. Among environmental factors, the moon was the most frequently endorsed cause of poor sleep (36%), followed by outdoor temperature (31%), indoor noise (26%), and bad weather (22%). Rumination was the most commonly reported personal factor (73%), but it did not predict moon attribution. Instead, the strongest correlates were weather-related sleep complaints, tracking lunar phases, age, and gender, with endorsement increasing with age and being more common among women. Moon-related complaints also peaked during the week after the full moon. These findings suggest that perceived lunar effects on sleep are shaped, at least in part, by attributional and expectation-related processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and Long-Term Chrono-Immune Consequences of Dim Light at Night Exposure in Male Mice at Different Life Stages.","authors":"Carlos A Trujillo, Fernando Miranda, José Sarmiento","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020035","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current use of artificial light during the natural dark phase has acquired contaminant dimensions, known as \"light pollution\". It is well known that exposure to dim light at night (dLAN) during the postnatal period severely impairs the immune system and related organs, but few reports have demonstrated the effects of dLAN during the fetal period. This study, therefore, examines whether exposure to dim light at night during two critical developmental windows (i.e., prenatal and postnatal periods) leads to long-lasting dysregulation of circadian, behavioral, and immune organization, as well as spleen immune responses, in early adulthood. To address this question, these outcomes were assessed using two defined sampling time points. To answer this question, we exposed two groups of C57BL/6J male mice to dim night light during the gestational and postnatal periods and compared them with control groups that were exposed to light-dark conditions (12 h each, LD). Parametric and non-parametric activity/rest values were analyzed with circular statistics. Compared to their controls, we found differences in alpha, onset, offset, M10, and L5 start time in dLAN groups. We also assessed the transcript levels of clock genes and inflammatory mediators in spleen tissue and found a dampening of daily variation in mRNA expression in both experimental groups. Finally, we used an ovalbumin (OVA) allergy challenge to test the B-cell response in the spleen and found a significantly higher cell recruitment to the spleen and more anti-OVA IgE. Together, these results clearly show that dLAN, at two ZT sampling points, affects peripheral molecular clocks and responses in the spleen, and that these effects are independent of the life stage at which exposure to dim light at night occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality and Its Sociodemographic, Behavioural, Clinical, and Regional Correlates Among Adults in Kazakhstan: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Yerlan Ismoldayev, Anel Ibrayeva, Alfiya Shamsutdinova, Marat Shoranov, Bolat Sadykov, Altynay Sadykova, Timur Saliev, Shynar Tanabayeva, Ildar Fakhradiyev","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020034","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population-based evidence on sleep quality in Kazakhstan remains limited. This study describes sleep quality as a multidimensional construct among adults in Kazakhstan using data collected during the first national survey wave after the adoption of a single national time zone. The survey was designed as a national post-transition baseline assessment and not as an evaluation of the causal impact of the time-zone reform. Associations with socio-demographic, behavioural, clinical, and regional factors were examined. We conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of adults aged 18-69 years in Kazakhstan from May to October 2025 using a multistage stratified cluster design. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Poor sleep quality was defined as a global PSQI score > 5. Complete PSQI data were available for 5872 participants. Descriptive analyses examined the global PSQI score and the seven component scores. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with poor sleep quality. The weighted prevalence of poor sleep quality was 28.1%, and the weighted mean global PSQI score was 4.43. The greatest component burden was attributable to sleep latency (mean 0.87), subjective sleep quality (0.82), and sleep disturbances (0.80), whereas use of sleep medication contributed minimally (0.11). Poor sleep quality was more common among women, older adults, urban residents, and participants with diabetes, current smoking, heavy episodic drinking, and depressive symptoms. In the adjusted model, female sex (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19-1.57), age 55 years or older versus 18-24 years (1.98, 1.53-2.55), diabetes (1.47, 1.22-1.78), current smoking (1.28, 1.10-1.50), heavy episodic drinking (1.43, 1.16-1.76), and depressive symptoms (4.26, 3.52-5.15) were independently associated with higher odds of poor sleep quality. Rural residence was inversely associated with the outcome (0.71, 0.61-0.84). Compared with the North, higher odds were observed in the Central region (2.00, 1.46-2.74), East (1.94, 1.48-2.53), West (1.48, 1.17-1.88), and Almaty city (2.18, 1.72-2.76). Poor sleep quality is common among adults in Kazakhstan and is characterized primarily by difficulties with sleep initiation, perceived sleep quality, and nocturnal disturbances. The findings provide national post-transition baseline evidence and suggest that sleep health surveillance in Kazakhstan should prioritize demographic, mental health, behavioural, and regional inequalities while avoiding causal interpretation of the time-zone reform itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperuricemia as a Biomarker for Circadian Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Joud AlBashtawi, Hana Zeidan, Abdulrahman Al-Tairi, Najlaa Al-Marri, Mohammed Abdel Hamid, Reem Odaiba, Shaikha Al-Kurbi, Ramez Jaradat, Susu M Zughaier, Habib H Farooqui","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020033","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian Syndrome (CircS) links metabolic, behavioral, and mental health challenges to disrupted circadian rhythm. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is associated with cardiometabolic disorders; however, its connection to CircS remains incompletely understood. This study aims to determine if HUA can serve as a biomarker for CircS. We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2005-2020) from 27,410 adults. CircS was defined as the presence of at least five out of eight components, encompassing the traditional metabolic syndrome criteria plus three additional factors: short sleep duration, depression, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). HUA was set at serum uric acid levels >6 mg/dL (357 µmol/L) for females and >7 mg/dL (416 µmol/L) for males. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of CircS, and dose-response relationships were explored. Of 27,410 participants, 2076 (7.57%) had CircS. HUA was found to be the strongest independent predictor of CircS, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.26 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 2.80-3.80, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Other important risk factors included chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 2.80), female sex (OR 1.44), and smoking (OR 1.29). In addition, older age, lower educational level, and lower income were also linked with higher risk. Higher uric acid levels were consistently linked to metabolic components of CircS more strongly than to depression and short sleep. In conclusion, HUA is linked with a greater risk of CircS. Although testing is simple and widely available, it could be used for early risk detection. Future studies should determine if lowering uric acid improves circadian health.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13297815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Regulation and Pain: A Systematic Review of the Association Between Rest-Activity Rhythm and Pain-Related Outcomes.","authors":"Aline Van Stallen, Manon De Deyne, Céline Labie, Liesbet De Baets","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020032","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rest-activity rhythm (RAR) is a key marker of circadian regulation and is commonly assessed using actigraphy. Emerging evidence suggests that characteristics of RAR, such as amplitude, stability, and regularity, may be associated with pain-related outcomes. However, no systematic review has yet synthesized this evidence across populations and pain conditions. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of current approaches to measuring and defining RAR and to examine its associations with pain outcomes in both healthy individuals and clinical populations experiencing acute or chronic pain. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase was conducted, with the final search completed on 20 May 2025. Observational studies reporting associations between at least one RAR characteristic and a pain outcome were eligible. Article selection and risk-of-bias assessment using the ROBINS-E tool were performed independently by two reviewers, and findings were synthesized narratively. Seven cross-sectional studies were included, employing diverse analytic methods such as cosinor and non-parametric analyses. Overall, the findings were heterogeneous, suggesting that associations between RAR and pain vary according to the RAR metric used, the analytical approach, and the population studied. Nevertheless, the evidence generally indicates that more robust and well-consolidated circadian rhythms are associated with lower pain, whereas regularity and timing appear to play more context-dependent roles, highlighting the potential relevance of RAR metrics as modifiable targets and the need for standardized measurement approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Sustained-Release Melatonin Capsules (2 mg) in Healthy Adults with Poor Sleep Quality: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shefali Thanawala, Rajat Shah, Alphy Lopes, Milind Kulkarni, Bharat Jain, Niranjan Andhalkar","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020031","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disturbances and poor sleep quality are growing public health concerns, adversely affecting both physical and mental health. While exogenous melatonin supplements are used to manage the condition, there is limited evidence available on the efficacy of sustained-release (SR) melatonin formulations. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of melatonin-SR capsules (2 mg) in healthy adults with poor sleep quality. Participants aged 30-60 years with poor sleep quality received melatonin-SR (2 mg) or a placebo capsule at night for 28 days. Changes from baseline to day 28 in polysomnography (PSG)-derived sleep parameters, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), WHO-5 Well-Being Index, sleep diary parameters, and safety profile were evaluated. Of 62 enrolled participants, 59 (melatonin-SR, <i>n</i> = 28; placebo, <i>n</i> = 31) completed the study. Compared with placebo, melatonin-SR supplementation resulted in significant improvements at day 28 in PSG-derived sleep efficiency (change from baseline: 3.49 for melatonin-SR vs. -6.30% for placebo; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and total sleep time (change from baseline: 23.83 for melatonin-SR vs. -39.25 min for placebo; <i>p</i> = 0.001), along with significant reductions in sleep onset latency (change from baseline: -10.28 for melatonin-SR vs. 16.70 min for placebo; <i>p</i> = 0.031) and wake after sleep onset (change from baseline: -14.92 for melatonin-SR vs. 24.71 min for placebo; <i>p</i> = 0.001). Melatonin-SR supplementation demonstrated a large treatment effect for the improvement in sleep efficiency compared with placebo (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.9). A significant reduction in PSQI global scores was observed in the melatonin-SR group from day 07 onwards (change from baseline on day 07: -2.21 vs. -0.23; day 14: -4.86 vs. -0.65; and day 28: -5.61 vs. -0.65 for melatonin-SR and placebo, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.001). Improvement in subjective psychological well-being was significant from day 14 onwards (change from baseline on day 14: 9.86 vs. 0.77; and day 28: 13.29 vs. 0.77 for melatonin-SR and placebo, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.001). A significant improvement in subjective sleep parameters at day 28 (<i>p</i> < 0.05) was observed. Reported adverse events in both groups were mild and transient in nature. Supplementation with melatonin-SR 2 mg capsule at night for 28 days was found to be effective and safe in improving objective and subjective sleep quality outcomes and overall well-being in the trial population.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13297780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Dynamics of Sleep During Bright-Light Therapy for Depression and Their Relation to Symptom Improvement.","authors":"Emma Visser, Niki Antypa, Machteld C Marcelis, Claudia J P Simons, Yvonne A W de Kort","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020030","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disturbance is a central feature of depression and a proposed pathway through which Bright-Light Therapy (BLT) exerts antidepressant effects. However, little is known about how sleep reorganises day by day during BLT or whether these dynamics relate to symptom improvement. We analysed daily sleep diaries from 66 patients with depression undergoing three weeks of BLT in routine outpatient care. Generalised Additive Mixed Models characterised daily trajectories in sleep timing, continuity, duration, and Subjective Sleep Quality, and weekly changes in sleep regularity were assessed using Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences. Structural Equation Modelling examined whether within-person deviations in sleep parameters mediated changes in depressive symptoms. Sleep timing showed gradual adjustment across treatment, with a progressive 48 min advance in weekday sleep onset. Sleep regularity improved from Week 1 to Week 2 before partially reversing, and the probability of nocturnal awakenings followed a non-linear trajectory. Other sleep parameters showed weaker directional trends. Improvements in Subjective Sleep Quality accounted for a modest portion of the association between treatment progression and reductions in depressive symptoms, whereas changes in sleep timing and regularity were not associated with symptom change. These findings indicate that sleep reorganises gradually during outpatient BLT, with different sleep dimensions evolving on distinct timescales and Subjective Sleep Quality emerging as one observable component linked to symptom improvement. More broadly, the results highlight the value of day-to-day modelling for understanding sleep-mood dynamics during real-world chronotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of Diurnal Rhythms on Gut Microbiota and Clock Gene Expression in <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>.","authors":"Lin Feng, Zhengyan Zhou, Yubo Ma, Yingying Zhao, Hua Wei, Xiaochen Zhu","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020029","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the diurnal dynamics of the gut microbiota and core clock gene expression in the red swamp crayfish, <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>. Samples were collected at four time points (06:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 24:00) over a 24 h period. Gut microbiota characteristics were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to examine the expression patterns of core clock genes, including <i>Cycle</i> (<i>Cyc</i>), <i>Clock</i> (<i>Clk</i>), and <i>cryptochrome type 1</i> (<i>Cry1</i>), in the hepatopancreas and eyestalk. The results showed that Kruskal-Wallis tests for α-diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, ACE, Chao1) and PERMANOVA for β-diversity (Bray-Curtis) of the gut microbiota revealed no significant diurnal variation across the four time points (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla, with norank_o_RsaHf231, ZOR0006, and Bacteroides as the predominant genera. Although the overall microbial structure remained stable, several taxa, including <i>unclassified_c_Bacilli</i>, <i>unclassified_f_Caulobacteraceae</i>, <i>Gemmobacter</i>, <i>unclassified_f_Rhodobacteraceae</i>, <i>Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>unclassified_f_Vibrionaceae</i> exhibited time-dependent fluctuations. In addition, the relative mRNA expression levels of <i>Cyc</i>, <i>Clk</i>, and <i>Cry1</i> in the hepatopancreas and eyestalk showed significant diurnal variation. This study reveals the diurnal dynamic characteristics of the gut microbiota and core clock gene expression in <i>P. clarkii</i>, providing a foundation for further investigation of diurnal regulatory mechanisms and physiological adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13298352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive Sleep Apneas and Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Vincenzo Castiglione, Paolo Morfino, Iacopo Fabiani, Francesco Gentile, Edoardo Airò, Benedetta Volpi, Daniela Cardinale, Claudio Passino, Alberto Giannoni, Michele Emdin","doi":"10.3390/clockssleep8020028","DOIUrl":"10.3390/clockssleep8020028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-disordered breathing condition characterized by recurrent upper-airway obstruction, leading to intermittent hypoxemia, sleep fragmentation, and sympathetic activation. OSA is highly prevalent in patients with cardiovascular diseases and is strongly associated with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and adverse prognosis. This review summarizes current evidence on the pathophysiology of OSA, its cardiovascular consequences, and available diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, with particular attention to clinical implications in cardiology practice. We discuss established treatments such as lifestyle interventions, continuous positive airway pressure, mandibular advancement devices, and selected surgical options, as well as emerging therapies, including pharmacological approaches targeting weight loss and ventilatory control. While OSA treatment improves symptoms and quality of life, evidence for cardiovascular event reduction remains heterogeneous and appears strongly influenced by patient selection and treatment adherence. Identifying patients most likely to benefit from targeted OSA management remains a key challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":33568,"journal":{"name":"Clocks & Sleep","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13214718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148035937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}