Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia最新文献_第2页

The history of Islam in Indonesian politics of memory 伊斯兰教在印尼政治中的历史记忆

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-82-92

Максим Валерьевич Кирчанов

{"title":"The history of Islam in Indonesian politics of memory","authors":"Максим Валерьевич Кирчанов","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-82-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-82-92","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the perception of the history of the Muslim community in the modern Indonesian politics of memory. For the first time in Belarusian historiography, the features of the historical politics or the politics of memory in modern Indonesia are considered. The novelty of the article lies in the integration of Indonesian issues into the contexts of modern interdisciplinary memorial studies. The key subjects of the politics of memory in Indonesia are determined in contexts of the revision of the history of political Islam in the second half of the 20th century. The activity of the media is considered as the main form of the revision of history, criticism of old historical narratives and the formation of a new memorial canon of the history of Indonesian Islam. Attempts to revise the history of Islam are analysed, including new interpretations of Muslim activists, who impact participated in the national movement. The author analyses the contradictions of historical politics in the context of integration of the history of Indonesian political Islam of the 20th century into the secular memorial canon. It is assumed that attempts to construct the history of political Islam in the modern collective Indonesian memory have a compromise character. The author shows how intellectuals assimilate the history of Islam, integrating it into the current memorial canon. It is noted that within the framework of the politics of memory, ideologically and politically controversial points related to the history of radical political Islam, which in the early model of national memory were marginalised and forgotten. Modern manipulations with historical memory are analysed as attempts to achieve a memorial compromise between secular intellectuals and representatives of the Muslim community.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42090219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wandalin Szukiewicz’s ideas about the social role of the archaeology 王大林关于考古学社会作用的思想

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-15-23

Александра Владимировна Вайтович

引用次数: 0

Middle course of the Desna at the turn of the 1st millennium BC – 1st millennium AD: a view of archaeozoologist 公元前一千年至公元一千年之交的德斯纳河中期:考古学家的观点

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-24-40

А.А. Чубур

引用次数: 0

Food supply in the unoccupied territory of Belarus during the First World War 第一次世界大战期间白俄罗斯未被占领领土上的粮食供应

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-5-14

Надежда Сергеевна Моторова

{"title":"Food supply in the unoccupied territory of Belarus during the First World War","authors":"Надежда Сергеевна Моторова","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-5-14","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of organising food supply for the civilian population of unoccupied Belarusian provinces during the First World War. It is noted that in 1914 traditional method of price regulation through the issuance of rates was used to resolve it. Starting from 1915, food committees and commissions began to be created in the structure of the local self-government institutions to prevent shortage of goods and speculative trade. They were entrusted with the organisation of the purchase of food and its distribution, the maintenance of food warehouses and the development of rates. To provide financial support for their activities, there were used funds from local budgets and credits received from banks under the guarantees of the treasury or from government institutions. However, local authorities could not solve the problem of food supply for the civilian population effectively due to the lack of a unified concept of food policy at the state level and the lack of coordination between the actions of central departments. To the greatest extent, it manifested itself in the organisation of food supplies from the central regions of the Russian Empire to the front-line provinces. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Empire, when determining the supply areas, did not coordinate the transportation plan with the War Ministry of the Russian Empire, which controlled the railways. The department also faced opposition from the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Empire. It contributed food shortages, speculation and rising prices. As a result in late 1916 – early 1917 in the Belarusian provinces, not occupied by German troops, the food crisis worsened and turned into one of the main factors of destabilisation of the internal situation, which led to the February Revolution and a change in the state system.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48272573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Ancient tradition of punishments in Sparta 斯巴达古代刑罚传统探析

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-41-48

Лариса Гаврииловна Печатнова

{"title":"Analysis of Ancient tradition of punishments in Sparta","authors":"Лариса Гаврииловна Печатнова","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-41-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-41-48","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the system of punishments used in Sparta for two offenses: for refusing to marry and for cowardice shown in battle. Ancient authors, especially Xenophon and Plutarch, give a list of punishments for these offenses. In court, the perpetrators were deprived of many of the rights directly related to the status of full citizens. Extrajudicial punishments were mostly spectacular and took place in public places. Spartan youth played a special role in the persecution of bachelors and so-called tremblers as the two main categories to be punished. However, the few testimonies that have come down to us do not make it possible to determine how often punishments for refusing to marry and for cowardice in battle were applied and how exactly they were formalised in practice. The almost complete absence in the tradition of specific examples of their application leads to the conclusion that the picture drawn by ancient authors does not fully correspond to reality. This is what Spartan propaganda wanted to present to the outside world. The writers-laconophiles, like Critias or Xenophon, in turn, used this material to create an ideal image of Sparta.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43502873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The treaty of Rapallo as a factor of international relations on the Central European periphery of the Versailles system (1922–1925) 《拉帕洛条约》是凡尔赛体系中欧外围地区国际关系的一个因素（1922–1925）

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-61-70

Николай Николаевич Мезга

{"title":"The treaty of Rapallo as a factor of international relations on the Central European periphery of the Versailles system (1922–1925)","authors":"Николай Николаевич Мезга","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-61-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-3-61-70","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of the core – periphery paradigm of international relations system and the associated concept of regional subsystems, the analysis of the impact of the Rapallo treaty on international relations in the Central European subsystem of the Versailles system is carried out. It is established that the formation of prerequisites for the conclusion of the Rapallo treaty is largely related to the specifics of the Central European regional subsystem. It included states that were characterised by a different attitude to the Versailles system. Russia, which had not signed the Versailles treaty, was located on its border, but through the Riga treaty it actually became an actor within the Central European subsystem. The Rapallo Treaty was based on the common desire of Germany and Russia to destroy the international order that was established in the region by the Versailles and Riga treaties. This posed a threat to the international positions of a number of States in the region interested in preserving the Versailles system. The Rapallo treaty helped to strengthen this trend in the policy of the leading Western states.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43881847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gypsies in Siberia (end of the 18th – 20th century) 西伯利亚的吉普赛人(18世纪末至20世纪)

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-60-72

V. Shaidurov, N. Sapronova, Y. Goncharov, T. A. Novogrodski

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No longer taboo: liberalisation of sexual culture in Soviet Belarus during Khrushchev’s thaw 不再是禁忌：赫鲁晓夫解冻时期前白俄罗斯性文化的自由化

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-30-39

Alexander A. Huzhalouski

{"title":"No longer taboo: liberalisation of sexual culture in Soviet Belarus during Khrushchev’s thaw","authors":"Alexander A. Huzhalouski","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-30-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-30-39","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of analysis of the main trends in the development of sexual culture in Belarusian society during the Khrushchev thaw. Based on the study of archival materials and periodicals of the years under investigation, a characteristic of the Soviet Belarus population sexual behaviour, mainly young people, is given. The latter was characterised by profound changes: decrease in the age of sexual debut, change in the nature of family and marriage relations, weakening of moral prohibitions, erosion of gender stereotypes, etc. These changes were accelerated by the opening of the «iron curtain», through which slipped the ideas and practices of the sexual revolution which first swept the United States and then Europe. The thaw was accompanied by an explosion of public interest in books, films, theatrical performances dedicated to love, the problems of relationships between men and women. Along with personal emancipation, the liberalisation of sexual culture brought negative trends in the form of an increase in the number of divorces and abortions, the number of unwanted pregnancies and morbidity. The departure from the Stalinist family and marriage model, strict regulation of the reproductive behaviour of the population in particular, reflected in a number of new legal acts accumulated in the Code on Marriage and Family of the Belarusian SSR adopted by the Supreme Council of the BSSR 1969 June 13.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49344870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Institute of the Scientific Atheism and the transformation of the field of religious studies in the USSR in the 1960–80s 科学无神论研究所与1960-80年代苏联宗教研究领域的变革

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-40-50

O. Metel

{"title":"The Institute of the Scientific Atheism and the transformation of the field of religious studies in the USSR in the 1960–80s","authors":"O. Metel","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the history of the opening of the Institute of Scientific Atheism of the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU in the context of the transformation of Soviet religious studies in the mid 20th century. The author relies on a wide range of archival materials published and not previously introduced into scientific circulation. The author analyses the reasons for the emergence of the institution, examines the organisational units on the basis of which a new institution emerged. Close attention is paid to the reconstruction of the internal structure of the Institute of Scientific Atheism and its staff. Within the framework of the first of the named plots, the author studies both the evolution of problem groups of the institute and the peculiarities of the organisation of its regional branches, represented by support points and branches. Analysing the personnel structure of the Institute of Scientific Atheism, the author notes that its main feature is the active involvement of former party workers in the work of this center, who gradually acquired the necessary qualifications (in particular, candidate and doctoral dissertations). And although in the 1970–80s all employees of this center met the formal requirements for Soviet social scientists, the memory of the scientific community retained the names of only a few figures recognised as classics of Russian religious studies. Having reconstructed the main directions of research activities of the Institute of Scientific Atheism, the author comes to the conclusion that his employees were guided by the study of the most relevant and practically significant topics related to atheistic education or the religious situation in the modern world. That is why it was the activities of the Institute of Scientific Atheism that provided a significant narrowing of the research field of Soviet religious studies, which since the mid 1960s began to develop in the space of Soviet philosophy.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44896588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

«Loser» textbook: A. I. Nemirovskii and the teaching of the history of the Ancient world in the Soviet school 《失败者》教科书:a·i·涅米洛夫斯基与苏联学派古代世界历史的教学

Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-51-59

S. Krikh

{"title":"«Loser» textbook: A. I. Nemirovskii and the teaching of the history of the Ancient world in the Soviet school","authors":"S. Krikh","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-51-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-51-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article tells about a textbook on the history of the Ancient world, written by A. I. Nemirovskii in the early 1960s. This textbook participated in a competition for secondary schools, but lost to F. P. Korovkin’s textbook, which was released in a multimillion circulation. Nevertheless, A. I. Nemirovskii’s textbook was published in 1962 with a circulation of 300 thousand copies as a textbook for evening schools. Due to the fact that the author’s manuscript has survived, a comparative analysis of the initial text and that which was published in 1962 is possible. A. I. Nemirovskii made considerable efforts to make his textbook attractive to the reader, for example, he himself selected one and a half hundred illustrations, which were replaced during publication with standard illustrations prepared by the publishing house. Comparison with a textbook for schools published at the same time by F. P. Korovkin, shows that the degree of unification of the narrative in Soviet historiography was high, especially in the field of teaching history, and some original moments belonging to the pen of A. I. Nemirovskii were almost completely leveled out during editing. Despite the originality of the figure of the author himself, in his textbook one cannot notice the desire to go beyond the unified narrative of Soviet historiography developed by that time.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44884575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0