Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia最新文献

{"title":"Manufacturing complex of the Abidnya settlement of the late Roman time: first results of the interdisciplinary research","authors":"O. Rumyantseva, I. Saprykina, Anna N. Belitskaya","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-73-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-73-94","url":null,"abstract":"The Abidnya settlement of the Kievskaya archaeological culture, located in the Mogilev Region of Belarus, was earlier considered as a manufacturing centre for the Eastern European enamelled objects. An interdisciplinary research of the evidence for the production metal objects has been carried out in the course of our project. It has included the morphological analysis of the crucibles; the study of the chemical composition of their surface and content with the portable X-ray fluorescence analysis and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy; the surface distribution of the finds, which could be related to the industrial complex – crucibles, smelting landles, casting moulds, beads of red opaque glass – possible raw materials for enamelling, production wastes etc. According to the results of our study, the evidence for the enamelling cannot be attested on the site. All the studied finds are related to the melting (remelting) and casting of the copper-based alloys, containing zinc, tin, lead. Brass, bronze and multicomponent copper alloys could have been among them.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unpredictable stability: the governor’s case in the Belarusian-Lithuanian Region under Paul I in 1796–1801","authors":"A. M. Lukashevich","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-7-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-7-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a generalised portrait of civil governors of the Belarusian-Lithuanian Region under Paul I in 1796–1801. The social characteristics (origin, religion, age, educational level, career, awards) of eight Lithuanian, Belarusian and Minsk civil governors are analysed. The conditions and motives for the appointment and dismissal of these officials are established. It is noted that the governor corps of the Belarusian-Lithuanian Region under Paul I was characterised by both all-Russian tendencies (frequent turnover, a higher rank according to the Table of Ranks, the absence of a clearly established amount of pensions), and some features (regional and confessional affiliation, elderly age (50 years on average)). It is concluded that in the personnel policy, Paul I continued Catherine’s practice of appointing former military governors, which was explained both by political (disloyalty of part of the population) and ethno-confessional (Jews, Catholics, Uniates, Orthodox) features of the region. The daily life of governors is reconstructed on the basis of socio-cultural characteristics (number of duties, perception of time, personal qualities, material support, marital status and interests). It is concluded that the origin, patronage and military experience played an important role in the appointment. However, the duration of tenure under Paul I depended on the business qualities of the governors. It is noted that some bosses, having no managerial experience, made numerous mistakes. They led to dissatisfaction with the emperor and, as a result, to premature resignations. At the same time, the reign of Paul I turned out to be quite effective in the Belarusian-Lithuanian Region in terms of achieving managerial results.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47325230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archives of dioeces bodies of Christian confessions in Belarus in the late 18th – early 20th century","authors":"Zinaida V. Antonovich","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-20-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-20-29","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article conducts a comparative analysis of the organisation of the archives of the bodies of administrative-territorial leadership and the spiritual court of Christian denominations in the Belarusian lands in the late 18th – early 20th century. Based on the changes in the regulations, two general periods of development of the consistory’ archives and the Lithuanian Synod are distinguished. It’s connected with the development of the Statute of spiritual consistories for Orthodox and instructions on the records management of consistories for other Christian denominations based on first mentioned in the 1840s. The second period can be divided into stages according to the development of the confessional leadership of each of the confessions. Based on a wide source, the author of the article concludes that archives in the bodies of the confessional leadership of Christian denominations in the late 18th – early 20th century corresponded to the legislation of the Russian Empire, and the attention of the confessional leadership and the scientific community of the 19th – early 20th century allowed to preserve significant documentary complexes of high information potential. The results would help expand the source base and diversify scientific research.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42127866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«May God guard you and give you much strength for scientific work»: A. V. Florovsky and Belarusian Slavic studies in Vilno of the second half of the 1930s","authors":"M. Bukharin","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-28-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-28-42","url":null,"abstract":"By the middle of 1930s, largely due to the efforts of Russian emigrant scholars, Prague became a major center of the studies in Slavic history, in particular in the history of Czech cultural ties with other major centers of Slavic culture in the East. Russian historian A. V. Florovsky in the mid – second half of the 1930s worked on a number of studies on the history of Slavic culture. To a large extent, his research efforts were aimed at reconstructing the biography of the Belarusian enlightener F. Skoryna. There are some important materials in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences that allow reconstructing the course of A. V. Florovsky’s research on the history of cultural contacts of several centers of Slavic culture – Vilna, Prague, Moscow – letters to him from Belarusian Slavists A. I. Lutskevich, V. I. Samoilo, F. Ilyashevich and V. Tolochko. The corpus of these sources on the history of Belarusian Slavic studies was supplemented by attribution of a previously unknown letter by A. I. Lutskevich. The complex of these materials made it possible to clarify the date of compilation and identify the manuscript of one of the articles by A. V. Florovsky «Initial stages of the development of printing among the Eastern Slavs». Letters from Belarusian Slavists to A. V. Florovsky show the mechanism of work of historians in conditions of strict political separation of Europe, separation from libraries and archival collections, discussion of important scientific hypothesis. The end of these contacts was put by a sharp change in the political situation in Eastern Europe in 1939–1940.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41595408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poloni and Rutheni, Catholics and Orthodox Christians, natio and confession in Medieval chronicles of Eastern Europe","authors":"M. Dmitriev","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-5-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-5-18","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses evidence from Old-Russian, Ukrainian-Belarusian and Polish chronicles of the 12th–16th centuries, which displays how confessional and ethnic elements interacted, when authors were constructing their representations about Poles, Russians and Ruthenians. Analysis has shown that in the Old-Russian chronicles confessional references were somehow effacing discourses of tribal and ethnic belonging, whereas in Polish and Ukrainian-Belarusian texts Christian references were not in odds with ethnic ones.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42216491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The French Socialist Party in 2017–2021: adaptation to the new situation","authors":"Eugene G. Kolb","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-43-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-43-50","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in the Belarusian research literature, the activities of the French Socialist Party (FSP) to overcome the most severe ideological and political crisis that clearly manifested itself in the 2017 elections is examined. The author shows the results of the internal party struggle on the strategy of restoring the party’s position in the political life of the country. In the article the changes in the ideology are characterised and the degree of renewal of the party doctrine is determined, the features of the activity of the FSP in the role of the opposition party are established, the efforts of socialists to rally the left forces are shown, the specifics of the role of the FSP in political life and the left political camp of France are established. It is concluded that the FSP refused a deep revision of ideology and political strategy and kept the ideological and political identity of the left government party, its authorities managed to avoid transformation to a micro-party, but they were unable to restore the former role of the main party of the left political camp and one of the two leading parties in the country.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49310278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Antiquity to the Paris Commune: S. A. Ljaskowski at the Belarusian State University","authors":"Oleg I. Maliugin","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-64-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-64-73","url":null,"abstract":"S. A. Ljaskowski is a representative of the generation of Moscow University graduates of the early 20th century, whose formation as scientists and teachers fell on the years of the war and revolution. As a student of R. Yu. Vipper, he specialised in Ancient and Early Medieval periods. In the first years after revolution, he began teaching at provincial Russian universities, and from 1924 to 1927 he worked at the Belarusian State University. It was his work at this university that became a kind of watershed – when S. A. Ljaskowski had to re-profile from Ancient and Medieval history to the Modern and Contemporary history, both in teaching and in scientific interests. But he also failed to gain a foothold in the Belarusian State University – the courses he taught looked much more organic in the load of new teaching staff, who often did not have a university education, but were able to boast of a «correct» origin and revolutionary background. As a result, he did not manage to return to fullfledged scientific work in the field of his specialisation after his dismissal from Belarusian State University, having published in the 1930s. Only a few articles on the history of antiquity and gradually retraining for reviews of foreign and Soviet literature on the history of the ancient world and, subsequently, for bibliographic work.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41870873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific school of Russian and Ukrainian studies at the Belarusian State University","authors":"Aleh A. Yanouski, V. Menkouski","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-51-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-51-63","url":null,"abstract":"The process of formation and development of Russian and Ukrainian studies at the Belarusian State University as a scientific historical discipline and educational course is analysed. It is noted that since the 1936/37 academic year it is possible to find a documented trace of the continuity in the study and the teaching of the discipline at the level of special educational and scientific structures: the department of the history of the peoples of the USSR and the history of the BSSR, department of the history of the peoples of the USSR, department of history of the USSR, department of history of the USSR of the pre-Soviet period, department of the history of the USSR of the era of socialism, department of contemporary history of Slavic countries (based on this department of the history of the Southern and Western Slavs was created), department of Russian history (which was formed on the basis of the department of history of the USSR of the pre-Soviet period, was transformed first into the department of Russian and Slavic history, and then into the modern department of Russian history). The author notes the relationship between the development of Russian studies and Ukrainian studies as a direction of historical knowledge with the socio-political situation in the country, the role of historians of the Belarusian State University in the formation of the national structure of historical memory, understanding the importance of historical science for society and the state. The national Belarusian historiography is characterised as a significant component of the European historiography of the history of Russia and Ukraine, its integration into the general European scientific process of studying countries and regions. The prospects for the development of Russian and Ukrainian studies in Belarus at the present stage, the expansion of the process of interdisciplinary synthesis in the late 20th – early 21th centuries are considered. The conclusion is made about the transformation of Russian studies and Ukrainian studies into one of the leading areas of modern historical science, which is part of the complex of social and humanitarian scientific disciplines.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47554457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban leisure: yacht clubs in the social and cultural space of Belarusian provinces in the late 19th – early 20th century","authors":"Siarhei I. Busko","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-19-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-19-27","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the history of yacht clubs on the territory of Belarus at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries. The author examines the conditions for their emergence, the main statutory documents, key areas of activity, changes in the social composition and place in the structure of urban leisure during 1895–1915. The article also presents attempts to create yacht clubs, reflecting the social demand of the urban population, but not implemented for objective reasons. Attention is paid to the transformation of these public organisations from narrow-profile elite clubs to the centres of cultural and sports life in the Belarusian city.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concepts of «biographica» and «biographistica» in Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian historical science","authors":"Stanislav V. Nastusevich","doi":"10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-1-74-82","url":null,"abstract":"The article covers the history of emergence and practice of using the concepts of «biographica» and «biographistica» in Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian historical science. The theoretical discussions that took place in Soviet historical science on issues of the biographical genre are examined. The major versions of appearance of the abovementioned concepts are given and analysed. The major meanings intended by Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian researchers is revealed through the analysis and comparison of the practice of using these concepts. The author’s vision of the subject of the discipline of biographica (biographistica) is presented. Three of its major directions within the established disciplinary system of social and humanitarian sciences are distinguished: philosophical, literary-artistic, historical. The definition of the concept of «historical biographica» is given.","PeriodicalId":33392,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Istoriia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47440171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}