Aging Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Pulse field ablation for atrial fibrillation: Is the curtain about to rise?","authors":"Junpeng Liu, Min Dong, Jiefu Yang","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12326","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Catheter ablation has been validated as an effective intervention for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, significantly reducing recurrence rates, improving prognoses, and enhancing life quality.<span><sup>1-3</sup></span> However, conventional methods employing radiofrequency or cryothermal energy suffer from a lack of tissue specificity, potentially leading to complications such as pulmonary vein stenosis, atrioesophageal fistula, and hemidiaphragmatic paralysis.<span><sup>2, 3</sup></span> Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has recently emerged as a promising alternative, utilizing the microsecond-scale, high-voltage electrical fields to induce irreversible electroporation and cell membrane destabilization, culminating in cellular necrosis.<span><sup>4, 5</sup></span> Its superior tissue selectivity minimizes damage to non-target tissues during ablation, positioning PFA as an ideal modality for cardiac ablation.</p><p>Preclinical experiments utilizing animal models have underscored the potential of PFA for achieving durable pulmonary vein isolation (PVI),<span><sup>6, 7</sup></span> highlighting the method's capability to form comprehensive transmural lesions devoid of adverse effects like pulmonary vein ostia stenosis or esophageal damage.<span><sup>8, 9</sup></span> Notably, PFA's application has shown efficacy in permanently neutralizing the atrial ganglion plexus without compromising atrial myocardium integrity or triggering inflammatory responses and fibrosis.<span><sup>7-9</sup></span></p><p>In 2018, Reddy and colleagues<span><sup>10</sup></span> pioneered the application of PFA for the clinical management of paroxysmal AF Their groundbreaking work revealed that an average of 3.26 ablations was sufficient to achieve complete PVI with an operation duration of approximately 67 ± 10.5 min. The procedure was characterized by minimal chest and diaphragmatic sensations, yet remarkably, it resulted in no complications. Follow-up studies involving 81 patients undergoing mono-phase and bi-phase PFA demonstrated 100% acute isolation of pulmonary veins, with the procedure taking an average of 92.2 ± 27.4 min and the ablation itself 13.1 ± 7.6 min.<span><sup>11</sup></span> Given the pivotal role of pulmonary vein reconnection in ablation recurrence, the stability of PVI post-procedure emerges as crucial. Notably, advancements in PFA waveform technology have significantly increased PVI durability from 18% to a full 100% at the 3-month benchmark. Aside from a single incident of cardiac tamponade related to the operation, no severe complications were reported within the first 120 days post-ablation. At the one-year follow-up mark, the rate of sinus rhythm maintenance impressively stood at 87.4%. These findings collectively affirm the efficacy of PFA in achieving swift and durable PVI, primarily through selective myocardial tissue targeting, while maintaining a commendable safety profile.</p><p>Nevertheless, the inherent challenge of high recurrence rates i","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"287-291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hypothesis: MiRNA-124 mediated regulation of sirtuin 1 and vitamin D receptor gene expression accelerates aging","authors":"Poulami Dhar,&nbsp;Shailaja Moodithaya,&nbsp;Prakash Patil,&nbsp;Kellarai Adithi","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12330","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12330","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specific miRNAs are evident to be overexpressed with age, lifestyle, and environmental changes. Previous studies reported miR-124 overexpression in different scenarios in aged skin, age-related cognitive impairment, ischemic heart disease, muscle atrophy, and fractures. Thus miR-124 was considered to be a reliable miRNA target to establish a hypothesis on aging epigenome. Parallelly the hypothesis focuses on the expression of SIRT1 and VDR genes as a target for this specific miRNA expression as these genes were believed to be related to aging. This study aims to derive facts and evidence from past studies on aging. The objective was to establish a hypothetical linkage between miR-124 with age-related genes like SIRT1 and VDR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An in silico search was performed in the TargetScan and miRbase databases to analyze the aging-associated miRNAs and their gene targets, the Python seaborn library was used, and the results were represented in terms of a bar plot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on an in silico analysis and studies available in the literature, we identified that miR-124-3p.1 and miR-124-3p.2 targets 3′ UTR of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and hence thereby indicates that the miR-124 can regulate the expression of these genes. Further, few in vitro research studies have observed that miR-124 overexpression leads to the downregulation of VDR and SIRT1 gene expression. These results indicate that the suppression of these target genes accelerates early aging and age-related disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, this study hypothesizes that the overexpression of miR-124 diminishes the expression of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and thereby advances the process of aging, resulting in the development of age-associated complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guideline for the cognitive assessment and follow-up in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (2024 edition)","authors":"Jialing Peng,&nbsp;Yingreng Mai,&nbsp;Jun Liu","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12325","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This practice guideline focuses on the cognitive assessment for mild cognitive impairment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. To achieve the standardization and normalization of its clinical practice and generate individualized intervention, the National Core Cognitive Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the Cognitive Disorders Branch of Chinese Geriatic Society, the Dementia Group of Neurology Branch of Guangdong Medical Association and specialists from Hong Kong and Macao developed guidelines based on China's actual conditions and efficiency, economic cost and accuracy. The article addresses the significance, background, and the process of the assessment and follow-up to realize the promotion and dissemination of cognitive assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"258-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical biomarker-based biological aging and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A large prospective cohort study","authors":"Qiao Huang,&nbsp;Bing-Hui Li,&nbsp;Yong-Bo Wang,&nbsp;Hao Zi,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Zhang,&nbsp;Fei Li,&nbsp;Cheng Fang,&nbsp;Shi-Di Tang,&nbsp;Ying-Hui Jin,&nbsp;Jiao Huang,&nbsp;Xian-Tao Zeng","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12331","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12331","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronological age (CAge), biological age (BAge), and accelerated age (AAge) are all important for aging-related diseases. CAge is a known risk factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); However, the evidence of association of BAge and AAge with BPH is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CAge, Bage, and AAge with BPH in a large prospective cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 135,933 males without BPH at enrolment were extracted from the UK biobank. We calculated three BAge measures (Klemera–Doubal method, KDM; PhenoAge; homeostatic dysregulation, HD) based on 16 biomarkers. Additionally, we calculated KDM-BAge and PhenoAge-BAge measures based on the Levine method. The KDM-AAge and PhenoAge-AAge were assessed by the difference between CAge and BAge and were standardized (mean = 0 and standard deviation [SD] = 1). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to assess the associations of CAge, Bage, and AAge with incident BPH risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During a median follow-up of 13.150 years, 11,811 (8.690%) incident BPH were identified. Advanced CAge and BAge measures were associated with an increased risk of BPH, showing threshold effects at a later age (all <i>P</i> for nonlinearity &lt;0.001). Nonlinear relationships between AAge measures and risk of BPH were also found for KDM-AAge (<i>P</i> = 0.041) and PhenoAge-AAge (<i>P</i> = 0.020). Compared to the balance comparison group (−1 SD &lt; AAge &lt; 1 SD), the accelerated aging group (AAge &gt; 2 SD) had a significantly elevated BPH risk with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.115 (95% CI, 1.000–1.223) for KDM-AAge and 1.180 (95% CI, 1.068–1.303) for PhenoAge-AAge, respectively. For PhenoAge-AAge, subgroup analysis of the accelerated aging group showed an increased HR of 1.904 (95% CI, 1.374–2.639) in males with CAge &lt;50 years and 1.233 (95% CI, 1.088–1.397) in those having testosterone levels &lt;12 nmol/L. Moreover, AAge-associated risk of BPH was independent of and additive to genetic risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biological aging is an independent and modifiable risk factor for BPH. We suggest performing active health interventions to slow biological aging, which will help mitigate the progression of prostate aging and further reduce the burden of BPH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"393-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abuse and other factors related to depression in older Ecuadorian adults","authors":"Brenda Lorena Pillajo Sánchez,&nbsp;Marcos Serrano-Dueñas,&nbsp;Diego Alexander Mendoza Panta,&nbsp;Juana Albertina Moncayo Vásquez","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12338","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12338","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify abuse and other risk factors associated with depression in older Ecuadorian adults using data from the 2012 Ecuador's Survey of Health, Welfare, and Aging (SABE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2012 SABE survey, which included 5235 adults aged 60 and above. The study evaluated residence, education level, ethnic self-identification, self-perceived health and memory, loneliness, cognitive status, and abuse. Depression was assessed using the Yesavage Depression Scale, short version (YDS-SV). Categorical variables were analyzed with the Chi-square test, differences between groups were calculated with the Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed. A <i>p</i>-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age was 71.39 ± 8.59 years and 55.10% of the sample were women. Abuse was absent in 72.1% (3.773) of the population. The Chi-square test indicated significant associations between depression and poor self-reported health (<i>P</i> = 0.000) and indigenous ethnicity (<i>P</i> = 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), abuse (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), cognitive status (<i>P</i> = 0.002), and living alone (<i>P</i> = 0.034) significantly contributed to mood as assessed by the YDS-SV. No statistically significant association was found for perceived health status or place of residence (urban or rural).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Risk factors associated with depression in older Ecuadorian adults include advanced age, living alone, cognitive decline, poor self-perception of health and cognition, and abuse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"328-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141341261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniectomy versus craniotomy: What can we do for acute subdural hematoma?","authors":"Shuo Zhang,&nbsp;Guoyi Gao,&nbsp;Weiming Liu","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12322","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is one of the common complications after traumatic brain injury (TBI) that warrants surgical evacuation. It often progresses rapidly and has a poor clinical prognosis, due to the mass effect caused by the hematoma and the invasion of the adjacent cerebral cortex and parenchyma. Although with the advancement of surgical techniques, the survival rate after ASDH increased from 59% in 1994–1998 to 73% in 2009–2013,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; the surgical indications for hematoma evacuation and whether to perform decompression surgery are still controversial which depends on the patient's level of consciousness, pupil status, neuroimaging findings, and intracranial pressure.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Hematoma evacuation is required in a quarter of patients to save lives.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; At the same time, craniectomy was performed in another 25% of these patients to prevent postoperative brain edema or intraoperative brain tissue swelling, this proportion can be as high as nearly 50% in patients with severe traumatic brain injury in China.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In most cases, the primary motivation for emergency hematoma removal is to save lives or the noticeable space-occupying effect on computed tomography (CT) images,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; however, if the intracranial pressure during emergency surgery allows, whether to remove the bone flap is an essential factor that probably affect the prognosis of patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recently, in the New England Journal of Medicine, P. J. Hutchinson and colleagues address the comparison of surgical outcomes of craniotomy and decompressive craniectomy (RESCUE-ASDH trial),&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; it is an investigator-initiated, international, multicenter, pragmatic, randomized trial of patent with a bone flap greater than 11 cm in diameter who accepted the hematoma evacuation. Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) was used to evaluate patients’ outcomes after surgery 12 months later. The mortality and prognosis of the decompressive craniectomy and craniotomy groups were compared at 1, 6 months, and 1 year after operation, and there was no significance in disability and quality-of-life outcomes between two groups. However, the craniotomy group may have to face re-surgery due to difficult-to-control brain edema, while the decompressive craniectomy group may face more trauma-related complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The key conclusions of RESCUE-ASDH trial provide an essential reference for the decision-making of whether to remove the bone flap during the subdural hematoma surgery, that is, if no encephalocele occurs immediately during the operation, reduction of the skull with brain tissue no higher than the plane level of the skull does not increase the risk of poor prognosis. The conclusions are consistent with the recent findings of Thomas A. van Essen et al.,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; which pose a significant challenge to previous clinical practice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Compared with intracranial","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"276-278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research and scientific publications on PND between 1969 and 2022: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Ruoxuan Liu,&nbsp;Duan Gao,&nbsp;Ning Yang,&nbsp;Yu Qiao,&nbsp;Zihang Zhang,&nbsp;Mingzhang Zuo","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12310","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12310","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We hope to offer a comprehensive understanding of the advancements and patterns in research on PND. Methods: We performed a thorough search on the Web of Science Core Collection to locate relevant studies published from 1969 to 2022 and utilized four distinct tools, namely VOSviewer (J Data Inf Sci, 2017, 2, 1; J Am Soc Inf Sci, 1973, 24, 265; Amer Doc, 1963, 14, 10 and Scientometrics, 2010, 82, 581), CiteSpace (Scientometrics, 2010, 84, 523), Scimago Graphica, and R-bibliometrix which allowed us to examine various aspects. Results: We included a total of 6787 articles and reviews for analysis which described PND research, the sources, and the subfields; highlighted the significant developments in this field; identified three main directions in PND.Conclusion: This study highlights the rapid growth of research on PND in recent years and provided an overview of previous studies in the field of PND, thereby establishing the overall landscape of PND research and identifying potential avenues for future investigations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We performed a thorough search on the Web of Science Core Collection to locate relevant studies published from 1969 to 2022. To perform bibliometric analysis and network visualization, we utilized four distinct tools, namely VOSviewer (J Data Inf Sci, 2017, 2, 1; J Am Soc Inf Sci, 1973, 24, 265; Amer Doc, 1963, 14, 10 and Scientometrics, 2010, 82, 581), CiteSpace (Scientometrics, 2010, 84, 523), Scimago Graphica, and R-bibliometrix. These tools allowed us to examine various aspects, including the yearly publication output, the contribution of different countries or regions, the involvement of active journals, co-citation analysis, publication status, keywords, and terms, as well as scientific categories. We hope to offer a comprehensive understanding of the advancements and patterns in research on PND. The insights gained from this study can assist researchers and clinicians in enhancing the management and implementation of their work in this field.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In this study, we included a total of 6787 articles and reviews for analysis. First, publication trends and contribution by country analysis described PND research. Second, a historical analysis described PND research, the sources, and the subfields. Third, an analysis of keywords highlighted the significant developments in this field. Fourth, an analysis of research themes identified three main directions in PND.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"368-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory bibliometric analysis and text mining to reveal research trends in cardiac aging","authors":"Takahiro Kamihara,&nbsp;Ken Tanaka,&nbsp;Takuya Omura,&nbsp;Shinji Kaneko,&nbsp;Akihiro Hirashiki,&nbsp;Manabu Kokubo,&nbsp;Atsuya Shimizu","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12329","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12329","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a text mining analysis of 40 years of literature on cardiac aging from PubMed to investigate the current understanding on cardiac aging and its mechanisms. This study aimed to embody what most researchers consider cardiac aging to be.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used multiple text mining and machine learning tools to extract important information from a large amount of text.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis revealed that the terms most frequently associated with cardiac aging include “diastolic,” “hypertrophy,” “fibrosis,” “apoptosis,” “mitochondrial,” “oxidative,” and “autophagy.” These terms suggest that cardiac aging is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and impairment of autophagy, especially mitophagy. We also revealed an increase in the frequency of occurrence of “autophagy” in recent years, suggesting that research on autophagy has made a breakthrough in the field of cardiac aging. Additionally, the frequency of occurrence of “mitophagy” has increased significantly since 2019, suggesting that mitophagy is an important factor in cardiac aging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiac aging is a complex process that involves mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and impairment of autophagy, especially mitophagy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of cardiac aging and develop strategies to mitigate its detrimental effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"301-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haste makes waste: Early nutrition prescription for critically ill patients","authors":"Siying Chen,&nbsp;Zhigang Chang","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12337","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12337","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Nutrirea-3 study was an impactful, multicenter, open-label parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in 61 intensive care units (ICUs) across France.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The study included patients who were receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and vasopressor therapy for shock, with a median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 10 (8–13) and a median Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II of 60 (48–74 points, study group) and 61 (48–74 points, control group), respectively. In total, 3044 patients were randomized into two groups: the low-calorie, low-protein study group (6 kcal/kg/day, 0.2–0.4 g/kg/day) and the standard-calorie, standard-protein control group (25 kcal/kg/day, 1.3 g/kg/day). Enteral nutrition (EN) was administered continuously for 24 h at a constant rate to achieve caloric and protein targets on the first day. The primary outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality and the number of days until the ICU discharge criteria were met. The secondary outcomes included the rates of secondary infections, gastrointestinal (GI) events, and liver dysfunction. There was no difference in 90-day mortality between the two groups, indicating that high or low calorie and protein intake during the first week did not affect the 90-day mortality rate. The patients in the study group met the ICU discharge criteria 1 day earlier than did those in the control group. Regarding the secondary outcomes, the low-calorie feeding group exhibited lower rates of vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal ischemia, and liver dysfunction, suggesting that increased feeding may be harmful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the past, there was a notion that early and adequate nutrition could improve outcomes, where “adequate” meant achieving sufficient energy intake goals in the early stages of critical illness. However, the publication of the EPaNIC trial in 2011 led to skepticism about this concept.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In this trial, patients who received early supplemental parenteral nutrition (PN) had adverse outcomes that were initially attributed to PN itself. This interpretation led to a significant reduction in the use of PN in clinical practice and recommendations against the use of PN in guidelines.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Since then, accumulating evidence has suggested that providing complete energy targets (i.e., managing nutrition to cover estimated energy expenditure entirely) is detrimental rather than beneficial, regardless of the delivery route. This suggests that clinicians may overestimate patients' energy needs, overfeed patients, or, conversely, encounter biological benefits associated with underfeeding in patients. Some studies have evaluated potential biological mechanisms underlying previous unexpected findings, such as an increased endogenous energy supply independent of the exogenous energy supply and the nutritional suppression of autophagy.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the Nutrirea-3 study, patients in the standard f","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"279-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database","authors":"Feng Yang,&nbsp;Lianjun Gao,&nbsp;Cuiping Xu,&nbsp;Qimin Wang,&nbsp;Wei Gao","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12334","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12334","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of the present study was to explore the correlation between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and in-hospital mortality among patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database were adopted to analyze the in-hospital mortality of ICU patients with CAP. Upon admission to the ICU, fundamental data including vital signs, critical illness scores, comorbidities, and laboratory results, were collected. The in-hospital mortality of all CAP patients was documented. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis together with subgroup analyses were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study includes 311 CAP individuals, involving 218 survivors as well as 93 nonsurvivors. The participants had an average age of 63.57 years, and the females accounted for approximately 45.33%. The in-hospital mortality was documented to be 29.90%. MLR analysis found that ALI was identified as an independent predictor for in-hospital mortality among patients with CAP solely in the Q1 group with ALI ≤ 39.38 (HR: 2.227, 95% CI: 1.026–4.831, <i>P</i> = 0.043). RCS analysis showed a nonlinear relationship between the ALI and in-hospital mortality, with a turning point at 81, and on the left side of the inflection point, a negative correlation was observed between ALI and in-hospital mortality (HR: 0.984, 95% CI: 0.975–0.994, <i>P</i> = 0.002). The subgroup with high blood pressure showed significant interaction with the ALI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study demonstrated a nonlinear correlation of the ALI with in-hospital mortality among individuals with CAP. Additional confirmation of these findings requires conducting larger prospective investigations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 3","pages":"350-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}