Aging Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of exercise interventions on muscle mass among older adults with sarcopenic obesity: A scoping review","authors":"S. Janani,&nbsp;R. Sedhunivas","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A disease known as sarcopenic obesity is characterized by decreased lean body mass in conjunction with excessive amounts of adipose tissue. Skeletal muscle mass, also known as SMM, is responsible for the largest share of fat-free mass in the body and plays an extremely vital role in the maintaining of metabolic health. Physical activity and exercise boosts the physiological health and overall quality of life of senior citizens. The objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of varied exercise interventions among the geriatric people with sarcopenic obesity. During the time period (2016–2023), a scoping review was undertaken using PubMed, orthopedic journals, and the Google Scholar database, and six literature evidences relating to the topic were discovered and subsequently analyzed. The study includes six randomized control trial publications that investigated the effectiveness and impact of exercise therapies on sarcopenic obesity. According to the pre and post-test values found in the reviewed articles, we discovered that resistance exercise is more effective than aerobic or combination exercise therapies. In conclusion, according to this scoping analysis, resistance training is more effective than other types of exercise in improving muscle mass in older people with sarcopenic obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating sarcopenia in COVID-19 patients and survivors: Understanding the long-term consequences, transitioning from hospital to community with mechanisms and interventions for future preparedness","authors":"Mohammad Reza Shadmand Foumani Moghadam,&nbsp;Amirmohammad Vaezi,&nbsp;Sajedeh Jandari,&nbsp;Asie Araste,&nbsp;Reza Rezvani","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12287","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused widespread devastation, with millions of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Although there were efforts made to develop treatments and vaccines for COVID-19, the coexistence of sarcopenia, a muscle disorder, has been largely overlooked. It is while new variants of this disease (eg, BA.2.86) are challenging the current protocols. Sarcopenia is associated with increased mortality and disability, and shares common mechanisms with COVID-19, such as inflammation, hormonal changes, and malnutrition. This can worsen the effects of both conditions. Furthermore, survived patients with COVID-19 who have elevated risk, as well as aging, which increases the process of sarcopenia. Therefore, addressing sarcopenia in patients with COVID-19 and surviving individuals can be crucial for improving outcomes and preventing long-term disability. During hospital stays, assessing sarcopenia through indicators like muscle wasting and malnutrition is important. Nutritional interventions, such as malnutrition screening and enteral feeding, play a critical role in preventing sarcopenia in hospitals. Mental health and physical activity evaluations and interventions are also necessary. Even after recovering from COVID-19, there is a risk of developing sarcopenia, requiring continued monitoring. Nutrition and physical activity considerations are vital for prevention and management, necessitating tailored training programs and diet therapy. Mental health should not be overlooked, with regular screening, and community-based interventions. Infrastructure should support physical activity, and mental health services must become more accessible. Community engagement through support groups and peer networks can foster resilience and social connection. Efforts are needed to promote healthy diets and ensure access to nutritious foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"103-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139800425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and neuropsychological characterization of SuperAgers residing in Delhi and National Capital Region of India—A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ritika Batra,&nbsp;Deepa Anil Kumar,&nbsp;Abhijith Rao,&nbsp;Gauri Shanker Kaloiya,&nbsp;Maroof Ahmad Khan,&nbsp;Sujata Satapathy,&nbsp;Avinash Chakrawarty,&nbsp;Nidhi Soni,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar,&nbsp;Prasun Chatterjee","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SuperAgers (SA) are older adults who exhibit cognitive capacities comparable to individuals who are three or more decades younger than them. The current study aimed to identify the characteristics of Indian SA by categorizing 55 older adults into SA and Typical Older Adults (TOA) and comparing their performance with a group of 50 younger participants (YP) (aged 25–50).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 105 participants were recruited after obtaining informed written consent. The cognitive abilities of the participants were assessed using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-IV^INDIA, Color Trails Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SA outperformed TOA in all cognitive assessments (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and surpassed YP in BNT and WAIS-IV. SA's delayed recall scores were notably higher (12.29 ± 1.51) than TOA (6.32 ± 1.44).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SA excelled in all cognitive domains demonstrating resilience to age-related cognitive decline. This study highlights Indian SuperAgers' exceptional cognitive prowess.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the hidden impact: Subclinical hypercortisolism and its subtle influence on bone health","authors":"Yuan Lou,&nbsp;Luping Ren,&nbsp;Huan Chen,&nbsp;Tian Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Pan","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12286","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, advancements in imaging technologies have led to an increased detection rate of adrenal incidentalomas (AI), with age demonstrating a significant correlation with their incidence. Among the various forms of functional adrenal incidentalomas, subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) stands out as a predominant subtype. Despite the absence of typical symptoms associated with Cushing's syndrome, both domestic and international research consistently establishes a robust link between SH and diverse metabolic irregularities, including hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, glucose metabolism abnormalities, and disruptions in bone metabolism. Individuals with SH face an elevated risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, highlighting the clinical significance of addressing this condition. Prolonged exposure to elevated cortisol levels poses a significant threat to bone health, contributing to bone loss, alterations in bone microstructure, and an increased susceptibility to fractures. However, comprehensive reviews addressing bone metabolism changes and associated mechanisms in SH patients are currently lacking. Furthermore, the profound impact of concurrent SH on the overall health of the elderly cannot be overstated. A comprehensive understanding of the skeletal health status in elderly individuals with concomitant SH is imperative. This article aims to fill this gap by offering a detailed review of bone metabolism changes and associated mechanisms in SH patients arising from AI. Additionally, it provides a forward-looking perspective on research concerning skeletal health in elderly individuals with concurrent SH.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of chronic kidney disease patient with rapid deterioration of renal function, hair loss, and spontaneous resolution of facial warts after COVID-19 infection","authors":"Qishun Wu,&nbsp;Fei Gao,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Shixi Zhang,&nbsp;Yun Bai,&nbsp;Bei Zhu,&nbsp;Lulu Guo,&nbsp;Zhenzhu Yong,&nbsp;Weihong Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaohua Pei","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk of experiencing severe symptoms if infected with COVID-19. This report presents the case of a patient with CKD who contracted COVID-19 and subsequently experienced rapid deterioration of kidney function, hair loss, and spontaneous remission of facial warts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 60-year-old Chinese man with a decade-long history of abnormal serum creatinine (Scr) levels and recently heightened fatigue sought treatment. The disease was previously managed and deemed resolved in 2020. However, when he contracted the novel coronavirus on December 20, 2022, he experienced persistent fatigue without other symptoms. In early January 2023, Scr levels was examined as more than 300 μmol/L. This was followed by hair loss, including eyebrows and lashes, and the spontaneous resolution of a longstanding facial wart. During this period, although the patient received kidney-protecting drugs and a lifestyle optimization, Scr increased continuously and the disease eventually progressed to the uremic stage. As the patient still had relatively abundant urine volume, the patient chose peritoneal dialysis treatment. At a two-month follow-up, he had adhered to the CAPD protocol without complications and his hair had begun to regrow. After eight months, his hair had mostly regrown, and his Scr levels kept stable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case may represent the inaugural instance of CKD patients experiencing rapid deterioration of renal function, hair loss, and spontaneous remission of common warts. The underlying mechanisms of this unique phenomenon warrant further researches and debate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"131-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain is underestimated in older adults with risk of falls","authors":"Mustafa Atee","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12283","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I have read with great interest the Xiao et al. study examining retrospectively the incidence of falls and related factors in outpatient and inpatient elderly sample (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 451) aged 65 years and above.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Key factors considered in the study were pain and other comorbidities, such as frailty and osteoarthritis.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Although the findings have great merits and add to the body of literature, there are some limitations that should have been addressed or reported in the study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whereas Xiao et al. data indicate that the association between pain and fall is not statistically significant, this finding was not explicitly presented in the article. More importantly, it is astounding that the study found pain had no impact on the incidence of falls, despite the clear link between pain and falls in older adults in the literature. For example, a 2014 systematic review and meta-analysis by Stubbs et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; found that pain was associated with a higher risk of falls, where half (50.5%) of older adults with pain reported at least one fall over a 12-month period. A more recent systematic review found that multisite pain is associated with an increased risk of future falls risk in community-dwelling older people.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Further, it is well recognized that chronic pain is highly prevalent and disabling in older adults with and without dementia, but it is often an underestimated clinical problem in this population.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Given that the data in the Xiao et al. study did not involve the pathological state of “chronic pain,” and the latter differs from the concept of pain within 4 weeks, the authors cannot be assertive in concluding that pain had no impact on the incidence of falls. Clearly, the status, duration, and type of pain (e.g., acute nociceptive pain vs. persistent pain) may have influenced these findings and, therefore, the definition of pain should have been further clarified or operationalized in the Xiao et al. study. Moreover, the limitations of the study should have been mentioned that the findings were only applicable to this operational definition of pain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The sample in the Xiao et al. study included older adults with mild and moderate dementia, whose pain reporting in some may be unreliable or inadequate. Further, the Mini-Mental State Examination instrument was listed in the methodology, but cognition scores were not reported for the sample. Thus, how did the authors ascertain intact cognition and communication skills in the sample? That is, how was the self-reporting capacity of the sample confirmed? If not, why was this not reported in the limitations?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Given that no difference in pain was detected between the fall and nonfall groups by the digital pain drawings instrument and this instrument was not validated in people with dementia, these issues raise the question whether the instrument was sensitive enough to detect any di","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"136-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends of thyroid cancer between 2010 and 2019 in Asian countries by geographical region and SDI, comparison with global data","authors":"Fatemeh Rezaei,&nbsp;Afrooz Mazidimoradi,&nbsp;Zahra Pasokh,&nbsp;Seyed Parsa Dehghani,&nbsp;Leila Allahqoli,&nbsp;Hamid Salehiniya","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12277","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aims to describe temporal trends of thyroid cancer (ThC) from 2010 to 2019, in Asian countries by geographical region and sociodemographic index, compared with global data.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of epidemiological indicators of ThC cancer data were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 2010 to 2019 in 49 countries and territories in Asia. The relative difference (%) between years was used to show comparative variations of ASRs for the indicators studied. The female/male ratio was calculated by dividing female ASRs by male ASRs. Also, these rates were compared between the age group ≥70 years old and younger age groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In 2019, more than 50% of ThC cases and deaths occurred in Asian countries. A total of 53% of ThC patients lived in Asia and more than 60% of the global burden of ThC was imposed on Asian countries. From 2010 to 2019, incidences, deaths, prevalence cases, and DALYs number of ThC cancer increased over 1.28-, 1.26-, 1.3-, and 1.2-fold, in Asia, respectively. During this period, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of ThC cancer increased by 5% and 8%, respectively, while the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and the age-standardized DALYs rate (DALYs ASR) of ThC cancer decreased by 6% and 4%, respectively. These trends are different from what happens in other continents. In 2019, age-specific incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY cases of ThC cancer were peaking at 50–54, 75–79, 50–54, and 55–59 years, respectively. In 2019, the highest ASIR and ASPR of ThC cancer was observed in high-income Asia Pacific countries and the highest ASDR and DALYs ASR in Southeast Asia countries. Only high-income Asia Pacific countries experienced a decreasing trend in ASIR and ASPR from 2010 to 2019. ASDR and DALYs ASR have the highest decreasing trend in high-income Asia Pacific. In 2019, among high SDI Asian countries, the Republic of Korea had the highest ASIR and ASPR, and Brunei Darussalam had the highest ASDR and DALYs ASR. The highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of ThC cancer was found in Lebanon and Malaysia (high-middle SDIs), Vietnam (middle SDIs), and Cambodia and Palestine (low-middle SDIs). Among low SDI Asian countries, Pakistan had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of ThC cancer. All indicators for most countries were higher in women than men.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":"386-426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric frailty determinants in India","authors":"Jorge Luis Passarelli,&nbsp;Hanadi Al Hamad","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12275","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Dear Editor,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am writing to discuss and comment on the research titled, “The prevalence of frailty and its relationship with sociodemographic factors, regional healthcare disparities, and healthcare utilization in the aging population across India,” composed by Sunny Singhal et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The study provides valuable insights into the prevalence of frailty in India's aging population and its intricate relationship with sociodemographic factors and healthcare utilization. However, there are some critical gaps that need addressing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors noted a descending trend in Frailty Index (FI) statistics (49.7% vs. 46.8% vs. 34.5%) from states with lower to those with higher performance. This information, however, is confined to the abstract section. In the main text, and in figures (Figure 1, Figure S1), the authors merely stated these values. However, specific mean values were not provided in that figure either. Additionally, in the abstract methodology, religion-based FI was revealed as a variable; however, the results of this variable are missing in the abstract results. It is significant to provide an interconnected methodology and results to ensure better readability, cohesion, and consistency. This helps to avoid confusion and ambiguity among readers.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Within the study, a 32-variable deficit model (3dVD) was employed due to its simplicity. However, it's important to note that there are other models that are equally simple, require minimal clinical expertise, and offer a rapid measurement of the FI. These models include the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) model, the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), the Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI), and the FRAIL Scale. These scales are simpler and more effective indicators of frailty, without the complexities associated with the 3dVD model. While the 3dVD model relies on 32 variables, the other models consist of fewer variables and components (ranging from 5 to 15). In addition, FI, FFP, and CFS exhibit more precision, accuracy, and reliability.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Providing distinguishing attributes of the specific model employed is substantial to justify the approach, aid replication, and help understand the trade-offs and advantages of their chosen methodology. The 3dVD model includes physical, cognitive, and psychological aspects of health deficits, thereby providing a comprehensive assessment, and is practical for large-scale studies, eliminating extensive clinical assessment.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, it might introduce bias (52%, reported in one study) due to subjective inclusion criteria.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5, 6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The comprehensive nature of this model increases its complexity and may not measure certain physical phenotypes emphasized by the phenotypic model.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recognizing high-risk populations and acknowledging the underlying causes is pivotal for policymakers to formulate proactive interventi","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":"450-451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics procedure for investigating senolytic (anti-aging) agents: A digital signal processing technique","authors":"Norbert Nwankwo,&nbsp;Ignatius Okafor","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12274","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12274","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cell growth involves cell division. This stops after reaching a certain limit. Some cells become inactive and unable to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death). These cells accumulate at sites of tissue damage or disease, thus accelerating aging. They are called senescent cells. Therapeutic interventions that can either eliminate senescent cells (senolytics) or suppress their harmful effects (senomorphics) have been developed. Senescence (aging) is caused by the inter- and intramolecular interactions between the domains of forkhead (FHD) and transactivation (TAD), as well as C-terminal region 3 (CR3) and DNA binding (DBD). On the other hand, anti-senescent/senolytic (anti-aging) activities are achieved by disrupting these interactions with CR3- and forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4)-based peptides, such as ES2 and DRI, respectively. In this study, we use a computerized procedure based on digital signal processing to systematically analyze the inter-molecular interactions between senolytics and their targets.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Informational spectrum method (ISM) is engaged.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We obtained the sequences of the peptides from the interacting proteins of CR3 and FOXO4 and evaluated their ability to disrupt the inter-molecular interactions between FOXO4 and DRI and CR3 and BDB, which are responsible for senescence (aging). Our results show that the peptides have different degrees of senolytic (anti-aging) activity, depending on their affinity for CR3 and BDB, or FOXO4 and DRI. We found that enhanced senescence 2 (ES2) has a higher affinity for CR3 and BDB than FOXO4 and DRI, and that the interaction between CR3 and BDB is crucial for aging. Therefore, ES2 and other CR3-based peptides are more potent senolytics than FOXO4-based peptides. Our findings are consistent with previous studies and reveal new insights into the mechanisms of senescence and senolytics. ES2 is considered the best senolytic candidate, as it is 3–7 times more effective than DRI. We verified that ES2 has a weaker interaction with FOXO4 than CR3. However, the performance of DRI has been noted to depend on its intramolecular interactions and stability. Hence, intramolecular analyses using the digital signal processing-based technique has become very vital and will follow.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;CR3-based peptides are promising candidates for senolytic therapy. Senolytics are linear chains of amino acids that can target and eliminate senescent cells, which","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":"338-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the utility of bedside tests for predicting cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults","authors":"Laura Carrick,&nbsp;Brett Doleman,&nbsp;Joshua Wall,&nbsp;Amanda Gates,&nbsp;Jon N. Lund,&nbsp;John P. Williams,&nbsp;Bethan E. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12280","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) declines with advancing and has also, independent of age, been shown to be predictive of all-cause mortality, morbidity, and poor clinical outcomes. In relation to the older patient, there is a particular wealth of evidence highlighting the relationship between low CRF and poor surgical outcomes. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is accepted as the gold-standard measure of CRF. However, this form of assessment has significant personnel and equipment demands and is not feasible for those with certain age-associated physical limitations, including joint and cardiovascular comorbidities. As such, alternative ways to assess the CRF of older patients are very much needed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sixty-four participants (45% female) with a median age of 74 (65–90) years were recruited to this study via community-based advertisements. All participants completed three tests of physical function: (1) a step-box test; (2) handgrip strength dynamometry; and (3) a CPET on a cycle ergometer; and also had their muscle architecture (vastus lateralis) assessed by B-mode ultrasonography to provide measures of muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length. Multivariate linear regression was then used to ascertain bedside predictors of CPET parameters from the alternative measures of physical function and demographic (age, gender, body mass index (BMI)) data.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;There was no significant association between ultrasound-assessed parameters of muscle architecture and measures of CRF. VO&lt;sub&gt;2peak&lt;/sub&gt; was predicted to some extent from fast step time during the step-box test, gender, and BMI, leading to a model that achieved an &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of 0.40 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Further, in aiming to develop a model with minimal assessment demands (i.e., using handgrip dynamometry rather than the step-box test), replacing fast step time with non-dominant HGS led to a model which achieved an &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of 0.36 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Non-dominant handgrip strength combined with the step-box test parameter of fast step time and BMI delivered the most predictive model for VO&lt;sub&gt;2peak&lt;/sub&gt; with an &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of 0.45 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our findings show that simple-to-ascertain patient characteristics and bedside assessments of physical function are able to predict CPET-derived CRF. Combined with gender and BMI, both handgrip strength and fast step time","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}