Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism最新文献

{"title":"Mediaregulation in the System of Information Law: a Legal Context of Creating Media Regulation Mechanisms","authors":"T. Prystupenko","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.2","url":null,"abstract":"Three components of the media regulation mechanism, namely state regulation, joint regulation and self-regulation are identified. The international and domestic normative legal framework for implementation of state regulation of means of mass communication is considered. The problem of the lack of clear structuring and the outdated nature of legislation in the sphere of regulation of means of mass communication is highlighted. The characteristics of changes in the Ukrainian legislation regarding the activities of mass media and journalists after the start of Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine are presented. The peculiarities of regulation of media activities by the draft Law “On Media” during the armed aggression are highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of the draft law “On Media” in the edition of July 27, 2022 are summarized. The importance of legislative consolidation of the mechanism of online media regulation, including Telegram news channels, is substantiated. The key requirements for adaptation of the Ukrainian media legislation to the requirements of the EU legislation are highlighted. The peculiarities of legal support of the institute of joint regulation in the draft law “On Media” have been studied. The content of self-regulation as a tool of the media regulation mechanism is revealed, the characteristics of the components of self-regulation tool, in particular ethical codes of journalists, professional standards, recommendations for covering certain categories of events, rules of conduct during the armed conflicts are presented. The importance of legislative consolidation of self-regulation in the work of means of mass communication is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116905740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corporate Media of Ukrainian Agribusiness: Topics and Functions","authors":"D. Oltarzhevskyi, Oksana Kudina, Olga Popravka","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2021.79.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2021.79.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the thematic directions of corporate media of agricultural companies as a reflection of their public relations functions. Using descriptive analysis of thematic vectors it has been defined that the specifics of agribusiness communications are caused by interaction with different types of stakeholders: staff, investors, partners, landowners, representatives of local communities, etc. This requires the relevant approaches in selection of topics and content creation, able to activate the intangible levers of general and reputation management. It is confirmed that corporate media have a certain set of communication and image tasks aimed at improving the quality of interaction with stakeholders. The system function of corporate media is to create a joint communication space that facilitates effective information exchange, key messages delivery, and feedback. This function is responsible for the company’s transparency and is important for its reputation and formation of stakeholders’ loyalty. The key role of corporate media in internal communications, introduction of corporate culture and identity as the basis of personnel management is ascertained. It is proved that the functional and thematic areas of corporate media are related to specific management tasks including social and environmental responsibility, relationship between a person and organization as well as the role of top management and needs in training and development of staff not only as a production resource but also as a part of society. In view of this, it is concluded that the value foundation for building agri- business communications can be social issues, care for people and environment.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115379412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nature of the First English Newspapers Through the Eyes of a Contemporary Playwright Ben Jonson in His Play “The Staple of News”","authors":"Olexander Meleshchenko","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.7","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of the first English newspapers through the eyes of a contemporary playwright Ben Jonson in his play “The Staple of News” is considered. These first-born publications inherited from their predecessops – actually the books, socalled “News books”, “Fair bulletins”, “News ballads”, “News”, “Newsletters”, hybrid publications (two pages of printed messages and two blank pages for handwritten information for the areas where there was still no printing press) – a book format and two-column layout, which restrained development of journalism. The things were not better in terms of filling the content of first periodicals. The journalistic profession was just getting back on its feet, and its criteria were developed through a long process of “trial and error”. In addition, the quality of news was strongly influenced by the political factor in the form of censorship bans directed to coverage of domestic political news and ethical behavior of journalists as well as by the economic factor which dictated the fastest possible profit and caused neglecting the reliability of information and other standards of journalistic profession, which were not completely comprehended at that time. On the other hand, the continuous lies or half-truths in the newspapers could also repel the regular and potential readers, and this factor played a restraining role in descent of these publications to the level of gossip and hearsay. The Dutch newspapers were dominated before the appearance of the first English newspapers in the information space of Misty Albion, which came to the attention of Robert Burton, the English clergyman, writer and scientist. Being a skeptic and pessimist, he called his book “Anatomy of Melancholy” (1621) for good reason. In the same year, the first English newspaper “Corante, or Weekely Newes from Italy, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Bogemia, France and the Law countreys” appeared under the Dutch influence. Four years later, the second newspaper “Mercurius Britannicus” was published. The first newspaper was depicted in detail and the second one was depicted briefly in the play of the English playwright Ben Jonson “The Staple of News” (1625). Оbviously this is the first English work dedicated to the newspaper and its journalists.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129922677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Party Press in the Electoral Process and Political Communication (Based on the Example of the 2012 Parliamentary Campaign)","authors":"V. Peresada","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies the role of party press in the electoral process and political communication based on the example of the elections toVerkhovna Rada of Ukraine in 2012.\u0000\u0000The classical party and short-term party periodicals are analyzed according to thematic orientation, content of publications, political and ideological bias. In particular, such official print periodicals of the leading political organizations as Communist, Svoboda/Liberty, Vseukrainski Visti/All-Ukrainian News and the party short-term periodicals distributed during the 2012 parliamentary campaign, were examined.\u0000\u0000The analysis of the party’s legal press and illegal press during the parliamentary election campaign is caused by a sharp increase of its circulation and titles, as well as by the renewed interest of a wide spectrum of recipients and future voters.\u0000\u0000Methods. The following general scientific research methods were used in the article: 1. Method of abstraction, which made it possible to determine the main categories of scientific work of mass communication direction: party periodicals, hidden party press, election periodicals, etc.\u0000The modeling method by which the role of party press in the election campaign was highlighted, which stipulated the influence on the voter’s final will.\u0000The method of analysis that provided a systematic study of the functional purpose of party periodicals in the election campaign.\u0000The method of induction and deduction, which contributed to a clearer definition of the party press role in information support of the election campaign.\u0000The study also used a comparison method.\u0000\u0000Results and conclusions. The study ascertained that in the 2012 election campaign, the party periodicals played a prominent role, which, however, was far from clear. Most of participants of the electoral process underestimated or neglected the importance of official party print media, focusing on the publications of alternative, cheap and primitive products (special issues, newsletters, etc.). Due to its bias, the party periodicals could not give the voters an objective idea of of electoral process and intra-party tendencies, all the more to form their conscious choices.\u0000\u0000The electoral practice of party periodicals showed mass inadequacy in solving typical propaganda tasks (declarativism, populism, meeting rhetoric, emphasis on supplementary aspects, etc.). The wide spread practice of the 2012 election campaign was the use of unethical methods of cross-party competition (“jeans” and “smearpiece”) as well as the use of semi-legal and illegal publications for public opinion’ provocations and manipulations.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130038813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Main Narratives of Russian Propoganda as Impact-Generating Issues in Terms of Consciental War of Russia Against Ukraine","authors":"N. Vashchenko","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2020.76.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2020.76.15","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to identify the main narratives of Russian propaganda as impact-generating issues in the Ukrainian media space in terms of consciental war of Russia against Ukraine.\u0000\u0000The methods of theoretical and methodological analysis and generalization substantiate how intensive and massive penetration of Russian narratives is implemented in the media segment of Russia and post-Soviet countries, in particular Ukraine. The narratives of the modern and histor-ical Russian propaganda are analyzed. It is shown that Russian propaganda consists of: 1) the veiled propaganda targeted at the population of Ukraine, which is close to the Ukrainian worldview in the system of coordinates, or which has an uncertain position (this type of propa-ganda aims to undermine the legitimacy and public support of the Ukrainian authorities); 2) The overt propaganda targeted mainly at the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine, which is in the system of coordinates close to the Russian worldview in the system of coordinates, or which has an uncertain position. Russian propaganda uses the narratives that manipulate using strong emo-tions. The narratives of the modern Russian propaganda – “Crimes of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and Minsk Arrangements” and “Ukraine – “Failed State” as well as the narratives of the historical Russian propaganda “All Ukrainian Nationalists were Fascists” and “Ukraine Forgot about the Victory over Nazism” are determined by the method of induction, deduction and generalization. These narratives are formed by virtual mythical facts, contain the concepts with powerful impact-generating potential and are the warfare by which it is implemented ma-nipulation of strong emotions and consciental impact on the recipients in order to shift their identities.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114963969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State and Prospects for Development of Media-Critical Internet Resources in Ukraine","authors":"Nataliia Zahoruyko","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2022.81.8","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the article is to ascertain the state of development of domestic media critical internet resources and the specifics of their activities. The tasks of the article are the following: 1) to study the modern domestic media discourse; 2) to analyze the problematic aspects of media critical publications; 3) to identify the prospects for development of Ukrainian media criticism after researching the modern domestic media discourse. It was established that media criticism in Ukraine, although being a relatively new segment of journalism, develops intensively in several directions – media criticism, media literacy and media monitoring and is a synthesized phenomenon, performing a number of important functions regarding control and regulation of information space, as well as information and communication, cognitive, regulatory functions. After analyzing the problematic aspects of media critical publications, it was established that the key directions of their work were mainly aimed at recognizing and refuting fakes, emergence of which was caused mainly by the spread of COVID-19 pandemic аnd a full-scale Russian invasion. Among the prospects for development of domestic media criticism there is involvement of a large part of the readership in understanding this discourse, raising the level of media literacy and media culture in the society. A characteristic feature of domestic media criticism is that it mainly serves as a mechanism of media self-regulation, because its materials are devoted to interpretation of development trends and development problems. Another of its features is that it is mainly represented by online publications, and some of them function due to foreign donor support, because it is not a profitable segment of the media, acting as an axiological and cognitive sphere of journalism and a civilizing factor of the society.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121184799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concept of the Digital Media Business Model in Scientific Understanding","authors":"Artur Shkilevych","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2019.74.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.74.13","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the notion of a business model of digital media explored by the scholars. The objective of the study is to explore the concept of a business model of digital media in scientific understanding. The main tasks of the study proceed from its objective and topic which are the following: 1) to analyze the approaches to definition and content of the concept of a business model; 2) to outline the scholar ideas and views on existence and essence of media business models; 3) to highlight the possible types of business models of digital media that have proven themselves in practice and are characterized in authoritative scientific research; 4) to investigate implementation of certain business models in the concrete cases of foreign and Ukrainian media. To achieve the aforementioned tasks of the article, the certain methodologies are used. It is the general methods of analysis and synthesis for holistic understanding and evaluation of facts, a bibliographic method for investigation of all available relevant works by reputable scholars who were involved with the issues close to the topic of the article. We use both diachronic and synchronous methods for simultaneous analysis of business models of digital media in chronological and modern (actual) dimensions. Exploring the notion of a business model, the elements of a system method for getting the systematic results and capturing the whole set of connections of the object with other phenomena is used. On the stage of analysis of an existing media business model, the case study and the elements of a content analysis are used.\u0000\u0000As a result of the research it is proved that there are numerous types of business media, which are broadly used in the whole world. Despite many Ukrainian media are still using a traditional business model or are still owned by oligarchs, many digital media use actively the new perspective models. It is most often different versions of the paywall model (Krytyka), crowd funding (Hromdaske TV), a model of public television (UBC:UA), sale of joint products (it is most often collectibles) etc.\u0000\u0000To summarize the foregoing all media that care about their image, development and profitability, seek for themselves for a right business model and change it if necessary.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121495744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ageism Traits in the Media Image of Older Persons","authors":"N. Balandina, Olena Pankevych","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2021.79.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2021.79.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article represents the ageism image of older persons, constructed by the Ukrainian media, establishes its components, which are ranked by frequency of use, and also discloses the intentions of mediator of news content. The empirical base of the study was a sample of 296 news messages marked with the sign of ageism and published by the Ukrainian online media during 2020. Ageism meanings were detected at the level of individual lexemes, phrasemes, and broad contexts – the texts or their fragments. The analysis of the sample showed that among 296 news ageism-related messages, the largest group consisted of those that constructed the image of a victim (in total, 75 such messages were found, which amounted 24.4%), then – the image of offender and criminal (44 messages were found that was 14, 3%), a sign of aggressiveness was presented in 40 articles – 13%; respectively, poverty – in 31 articles – 10.1%, unattractiveness – in 23 articles – 7.5%, inadequacy – in 18 materials – 5.9%, disorientation in space – in 15 materials – 4.9%, carelessness – in 15 articles – 4.9%, corruption – in 14 articles – 4.6%, selfishness – in 9 articles – 3.1%, weakness – in 8 articles – 2.7%, loneliness – in 7 articles – 2.3%, hypertrophied thrift – in 7 articles – 2.3% accordingly. The media image of older persons as victims, offenders, with signs of aggressiveness, poverty, unattractiveness, inadequacy, disorientation in space, carelessness, venality, etc. is a manifestation of an unjustified negative attitude towards elderly people, as well as a kind of reflection of communicative priorities of modern mediator and his/her interest in the generation aged 60 and older. Thus, it related to an artificially constructed media reality, the information about which comes from market imperatives, the need to evoke a strong emotional reaction, to take the audience out of an inert state, to excite, and ultimately to increase the number of views.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128542622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Government Communications in Terms of Coronavirus Pandemic on the Example of Novi Sanzhary Events","authors":"M. Omelchenko","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2021.78.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2021.78.8","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the article is to analyze an example of implementation of government communications in connection with the mass protest of residents from Novi Sanzhary, the urban-type settlement in Poltava region caused by evacuation of the Ukrainian citizens from Wuhan (PRC) on February 20, 2020. Through the comprehensive retrospective analysis of the government’s communication policy as well as the analysis of statements of government officials and local authorities in the media it was identified that the government communication policy became a major factor of mass protest in a pandemic. The government’s uncertainty in choosing the final medical facility to quarantine the evacuees and a lack of awareness among the government officials about socio-economic and demographic characteristics of Novi Sanzhary’s residents led to a deliberately ineffective communication strategy: 1) the residents of Novi Sanzhary were not properly informed about the specifics of means of coronavirus’ spread and lethality – it resulted in the government’s inability to predict the behavior and reaction of the locals to evacuation; 2) there was a lack of communication and coordination between the government’s officials and local authorities of Novi Sanzhary – this resulted in the opposition of local authorities to evacuation combined with their spreading of false rumors among the locals and their support of the protest; 3) the officials spread the false messages related to the protesters, that questioned their subjectivity and simultaneously politicized the protest. In addition, the government was unable to counter the leaks of confidential information in the social and mass media on the eve of evacuation, which minimized unexpectedness of the operation. Altogether, these factors led to the mass protest of Novy Sanzhary’s residents against evacuation of the Ukrainian citizens on February 20, 2020. The consequences of the protests impacted negatively on the international image of Ukraine. As a result, the article offers the certain recommendations aimed to improve the government communications in the terms of coronavirus pandemic in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114833888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journalism Professionalism and Professional Standards: Theoretical Aspects and Media Practitioners’ Interpretation","authors":"Halyna Budivska","doi":"10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the normative principles of journalistic professionalism and professional standards, comparing them with interpretation of Ukrainian media professionals. The purpose of the study is to outline the professional standards of Ukrainian journalists dealing with sociopolitical issues. Based on ten interviews with the journalists as the respondents aged 21 to 50 from different national and regional media outlets, the author indicates several peculiarities how the Ukrainian media practitioners perceive this problem.\u0000\u0000It is revealed that the so-called “western model” of journalism is superimposed on the complicated socio-political conditions of journalists, and therefore it is not accepted unconditionally by the part of media practitioners. The situation of turbulence where the Ukrainian journalists find themselves today, affects their perceptions of journalistic professionalism and professional standards. According to the results of the survey, recognition of importance of journalistic standards prevails among the respondents, but in practice unconditional adherence to these standards is complicated or is impossible for the interviewers taking into account sensitivity of coverage of transformations and the war in the country, as well as the challenges connected with media owners’ political interests and difficult financial situation in the media. Also, based on the findings obtained, it is concluded that there is insufficient institutionalization of professional standards in the Ukrainian media environment.","PeriodicalId":328436,"journal":{"name":"Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114894164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}