老年人媒体形象中的年龄歧视特征

N. Balandina, Olena Pankevych
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摘要

本文代表了乌克兰媒体建构的老年人歧视形象,建立了其组成部分,并按使用频率进行排名,并揭示了新闻内容调解人的意图。该研究的实证基础是乌克兰在线媒体在2020年期间发布的296条带有年龄歧视标志的新闻消息样本。在单个词汇、短语和广泛的语境(文本或其片段)水平上检测年龄歧视的含义。样本分析表明,在296条与年龄歧视相关的新闻中,最大的一类是构建受害者形象的新闻(总共发现75条此类信息,占24.4%),其次是罪犯和罪犯的形象(发现44条信息,占14.3%),其中40篇文章呈现攻击性迹象,占13%;分别是:贫穷——31篇占10.1%,缺乏吸引力——23篇占7.5%,不足——18篇占5.9%,空间迷失——15篇占4.9%,粗心——15篇占4.9%,腐败——14篇占4.6%,自私——9篇占3.1%,软弱——8篇占2.7%,孤独——7篇占2.3%,过度节俭——7篇占2.3%。媒体将老年人塑造为受害者、罪犯,具有攻击性、贫穷、缺乏吸引力、能力不足、空间迷失、粗心大意、贪图利欲等特征,这是对老年人不合理的消极态度的体现,也是现代调解人沟通优先的一种反映,反映了他/她对60岁及以上一代的兴趣。因此,它与人为构建的媒体现实有关,其信息来自市场需求,需要唤起强烈的情感反应,将观众从惰性状态中唤醒,激发,最终增加观看次数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ageism Traits in the Media Image of Older Persons
The article represents the ageism image of older persons, constructed by the Ukrainian media, establishes its components, which are ranked by frequency of use, and also discloses the intentions of mediator of news content. The empirical base of the study was a sample of 296 news messages marked with the sign of ageism and published by the Ukrainian online media during 2020. Ageism meanings were detected at the level of individual lexemes, phrasemes, and broad contexts – the texts or their fragments. The analysis of the sample showed that among 296 news ageism-related messages, the largest group consisted of those that constructed the image of a victim (in total, 75 such messages were found, which amounted 24.4%), then – the image of offender and criminal (44 messages were found that was 14, 3%), a sign of aggressiveness was presented in 40 articles – 13%; respectively, poverty – in 31 articles – 10.1%, unattractiveness – in 23 articles – 7.5%, inadequacy – in 18 materials – 5.9%, disorientation in space – in 15 materials – 4.9%, carelessness – in 15 articles – 4.9%, corruption – in 14 articles – 4.6%, selfishness – in 9 articles – 3.1%, weakness – in 8 articles – 2.7%, loneliness – in 7 articles – 2.3%, hypertrophied thrift – in 7 articles – 2.3% accordingly. The media image of older persons as victims, offenders, with signs of aggressiveness, poverty, unattractiveness, inadequacy, disorientation in space, carelessness, venality, etc. is a manifestation of an unjustified negative attitude towards elderly people, as well as a kind of reflection of communicative priorities of modern mediator and his/her interest in the generation aged 60 and older. Thus, it related to an artificially constructed media reality, the information about which comes from market imperatives, the need to evoke a strong emotional reaction, to take the audience out of an inert state, to excite, and ultimately to increase the number of views.
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