Fuel Processing Technology最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing styrene production: CFD analysis of a Pd-based membrane reactor to carry out ethylbenzene dehydrogenation","authors":"M. Khosravi ,&nbsp;M. Jafari ,&nbsp;K. Ghasemzadeh ,&nbsp;A. Iulianelli","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A two-dimensional symmetric CFD model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 to evaluate the performance of traditional reactors (TRs) and membrane reactors (MRs) in the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB). The model examined the influence of key operating parameters, including temperature, pressure, feed flow rate, and sweep gas-to-feed ratio, on EB conversion, styrene selectivity, and hydrogen flux. The results indicated higher reaction temperatures enhanced EB conversion but reduced styrene selectivity. Similarly, increasing the sweep gas-to-feed ratio improved EB conversion and hydrogen permeation, while higher pressure and weight hourly space velocity negatively affected EB conversion but improved styrene selectivity. All parameters, except pressure, showed a direct correlation with hydrogen flux. Compared to the TR, the MR demonstrated superior performance, achieving up to 96 % EB conversion, 95 % styrene selectivity, and pure hydrogen production. The MR exhibited a 12.5 % higher EB conversion and 36.5 % greater styrene selectivity than the TR. Moreover, integrating the catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) concept, which includes auxiliary benzene hydrogenation, further enhanced process efficiency, increasing EB conversion to 60.85 % and styrene selectivity to 96.68 %.</div><div>Additionally, a 14.5 % rise in the concentration polarization coefficient was observed with an increased sweep gas-to-feed ratio, whereas a 3.09 % reduction occurred with higher weight hourly space velocity. Temperature and pressure increases led to 3.95 % and 3.80 % rises in the polarization coefficient, respectively. These findings underscore the advantages of MRs and CMRs over conventional TRs in improving conversion efficiency, selectivity, and hydrogen purity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 108191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers and gasoline addition in diesel on the spray and combustion characteristics in a constant volume chamber","authors":"Jingjing He ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PODE and gasoline are considered as the representative additives of diesel with high oxygen-containing and high volatility. And the optimal blending volume ratio of PODE and gasoline in diesel are 20 %. A CVC test bench is employed to investigate the effects of adding PODE and gasoline in diesel on the spray and combustion characteristics in this study. The spray and combustion experiments are performed under the injection pressures of 100 MPa, 120 MPa and 140 MPa. And the results show that blending PODE and gasoline in diesel can effectively improve the quality of spray atomization. Compared with D100, D80G20, D80P20 and D80G10P10 reduce the maximum improvement of SPA by 65.3 %, 85.7 % and 76.7 % respectively. The ability to improve fuel spray quality by blending gasoline and PODE decreases with the increase of injection pressure. The ability of gasoline to reduce soot emission is superior to PODE. Due to the advantages of both gasoline and PODE, D80G10P10 has the lowest total KL and time integrated natural fame luminosity among the four fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 108195"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methane conversion to aromatics via chemical synergy with OCM: Effect of periodic operation, temperature profile, and catalyst loading","authors":"Maria Haki ,&nbsp;Patrick Linke ,&nbsp;Izabel Medeiros Costa ,&nbsp;Ma’moun Al-Rawashdeh","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition from indirect to direct methane conversion marks a significant advancement in chemical processing. One promising direct reaction is methane dehydroaromatization, which converts methane to aromatics in a single step with zero CO₂ emissions. However, the commercialization of MDA faces major challenges including thermodynamic limitations, rapid catalyst deactivation, and high temperature requirements. Integrating MDA with another reaction offers a potential solution to these challenges combined. This work explores the potential opportunities and limitations for chemical synergy when coupling the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to MDA through mass integration. Experimental studies were conducted by passing the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor effluent to a downstream MDA reactor. Periodic feeding of OCM to the MDA catalyst showed limited improvement, indicating that OCM composition alone does not maintain stable MDA performance. Varying the temperature over time in MDA reactor demonstrated that C₂ coming from OCM contribute to aromatic production even at low temperatures (450 °C). However, at such temperature, the conversion of CO₂ to CO and CH₄ to aromatics does not occur, highlighting the need for high operating temperatures in the OCM-MDA coupling process. The coupling of OCM and MDA was tested with different MDA space velocities as 3750, 1875, and 1250 mL/g/h, corresponding to 0.2 g, 0.4 g and 0.6 g catalyst loading, respectively. The case of 1250 mL/g/h maintained a stable 14 % conversion and 2.5 % yield of benzene over 10 h, converting all CO₂ to CO. Characterization using TGA, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS on spent catalysts indicated limited carbon removal by OCM effluent, and confirmed that CO₂ is causing the oxidation of Mo₂C to MoO_x. A reaction scheme for the OCM-MDA coupling using Mo/ZSM-5 is proposed to guide future exploration of this promising two-step process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 108189"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium interactions with copper slag and magnetite fines in chemical-looping processes","authors":"Felicia Störner ,&nbsp;Ivana Staničić ,&nbsp;Pavleta Knutsson ,&nbsp;Tobias Mattisson ,&nbsp;Magnus Rydén","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using oxygen-carrying bed materials is a promising alternative to conventional fluidized bed combustion. Biomass-derived fuels contain ash rich in K and P, which might react with the oxygen carrier, leading to agglomeration and other problems. This study investigates the performance of copper slag (Järnsand, Fe-Si-oxide) and magnetite fines (MAF, Fe₃O₄) as oxygen carriers in a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor with subsequent material analysis. The conversion of methane and the fluidization was monitored, as K₂CO₃ or KH₂PO₄ was added as ash model compound. The fuel conversion was mainly unaffected by K-salt addition, apart from when K₂CO₃ was added to MAF at 950 °C and the conversion increased, along with increased porosity. Järnsand captured K from K₂CO₃. Mg and Al inherent to Järnsand participated in the interaction, contributing to increasing the melting point of the formed K-silicates. In MAF, the uptake of K was low: thermodynamic calculations suggested the formation of KFe₁₁O₁₇ and small amounts of slag. KH₂PO₄ always caused agglomeration by a melt-induced mechanism. The K-P-melt absorbed Fe in MAF or Ca in Järnsand. In conclusion, Järnsand seems like a promising oxygen carrier for biomass-derived fuels, while MAF might suffer from poor particle integrity in the presence of K-rich ash species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 108192"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the effects of negative valve overlap duration on the combustion and emission of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol in a spark induced compression ignition (SICI) engine by experiments and Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"Fangxi Xie ,&nbsp;Xianglong Meng ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Linghai Han ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Gong ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaona Li ,&nbsp;You Zhou ,&nbsp;Huili Dou","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to achieve the carbon neutrality goal, it is urgent to improve the thermal efficiency of engines and the application of carbon neutral fuels. Due to the low emissions and renewability of alcohols, which are considered as potential alternative fuels. Spark induced compression ignition (SICI) is an efficient and clean combustion mode for future engines. This article studied the differences of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol in the SICI combustion modes under four different negative valve overlap (NVO). It was found that under low load, methanol exhibited higher indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) and the lowest HC emissions, while n-butanol exhibited lower NOx and CO emissions. After the load increased, the ITE of n-butanol, isopropanol, methanol, and ethanol all increased with the prolongation of NVO, increasing by 0.35 %, 0.95 %, 0.9 %, and 1.42 %, respectively. In addition, an artificial neural network SICI engines model was established, with correlation coefficients above 0.95. It was found that a correlation between fuel characteristics, auto-ignition timing and flame development. The correlation weight was 20.68 % and 48.1 %, respectively. For ITE, within the optimal ignition timing adjustment range, the contribution of latent heat of vaporization and auto-ignition temperature of alcohol was 42.5 % and 46.5 %, while NVO was 6.63 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 108190"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of chemical viscosity reducers for heavy oil: Advances and application strategies","authors":"Chenhao Gao,&nbsp;Ruiying Xiong,&nbsp;Jixiang Guo,&nbsp;Wyclif Kiyingi,&nbsp;Hanxuan Song,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Wenlong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangwei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proportion of heavy oil in oil production will be higher and higher, but the high viscosity of heavy oil limits the development of heavy oil. In order to avoid the problems of high energy consumption and carbon emission caused by thermal recovery of heavy oil, this paper reviews and puts forward the application strategy of viscous reducers. By summarizing the thickening mechanism of heavy oil, the viscosity reducing principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages and application range of different viscosity reducers were clarified. The research and development ideas of each viscosity reducers to achieve green circulation were emphatically reviewed. Secondly, the application ideas of wellbore and formation viscosity reduction are given. Finally, from the thickening mechanism of heavy oil and the development, cost and post-treatment of viscosity reducer, the future development direction of viscosity reducer is forecasted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 108185"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight in the phenomena included in loss of the activation of industrial hydrotreating catalyst through an innovative accelerated deactivation procedure and kinetic modeling","authors":"Abbas Roshanaei ,&nbsp;Sorood Zahedi Abghari ,&nbsp;Sepehr Sadighi ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Seif Mohaddecy","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An innovative accelerated experimental procedure was developed to study the activity loss of a bifunctional gasoil hydrotreating (GHT) catalyst in a Bench-Scale fixed bed reactor system. This procedure aimed to estimate the impact of coke formation throughout the catalyst's lifespan, from fresh to fully deactivated. Experiments were conducted over 3500 h using a NiMo catalyst to measure the conversion decrease of sulfuric, nitrogenic, and aromatic compounds, indicating catalyst activity loss in hydrotreating reactions. The initial study examined how temperature, pressure, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), and hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon ratio affected catalyst deactivation. Results showed that hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) was most impacted by deactivation, while hydrodesulfurization (HDS) was affected to a lesser extent (about one-third of HDN), and hydrodearomatization (HDA) exhibited an intermediate effect. Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed that about 20 % of the coke on the deactivated catalyst consisted of volatile matter trapped in the pores. Approximately 60 % of the coke decomposed between 300 °C and 660 °C, while the remaining residue decomposed at higher temperatures. To identify key operating variables affecting catalyst activation loss, intrinsic and apparent kinetic models together with different deactivation functions were developed and fine-tuned. Statistical analysis confirmed that accumulated feed flow rate was the most significant factor in catalyst deactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 108186"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-carbon composite for supercapacitor electrodes: Harnessing hydrochar frameworks and bio-tar polymerization","authors":"Jixiu Jia ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Sun ,&nbsp;Lili Huo ,&nbsp;Lixin Zhao ,&nbsp;Ziyun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhidan Liu ,&nbsp;Kang Kang ,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Teng Xie ,&nbsp;Yanan Zhao ,&nbsp;Zonglu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-tar, a promising renewable carbon precursor, has garnered significant attention for its potential in supercapacitor electrode applications. However, the polymerization of bio-tar into carbon presents challenges, particularly in achieving a dense, interconnected pore structure essential for optimal electrochemical performance. This study introduced an innovative approach using hydrochar as a framework combined with bio-tar as the carbon source to synthesize bio-carbon composite. The results showed that the prepared bio-carbon exhibited a stable morphological structure in which the hydrochar skeleton supported the wrapping of bio-tar originated carbon, specifically at a hydrochar to bio-tar ratio of 1:6. And it also showed a maximum specific surface area of 2714.27 m²/g, with a mesopore ratio of 68.79 % at an activation temperature of 800 °C. The optimal electrochemical properties were observed at the highest specific capacitance of 340.4 F/g in a three-electrode system under a current density of 0.5 A/g. When assembled into a supercapacitor, the single-pole specific capacitance reached 213.3 F/g at 0.5 A/g. The structure-property relationship suggested that the water contact angle is a key factor influencing the specific capacitance, particularly at high specific surface areas. This study demonstrated an innovative way to prepare sustainable composite bio-carbon material with excellent electrochemical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 108178"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating the sulfurization procedure to decrease by-product formation for one-step catalytic synthesis of sulfur-containing chemicals","authors":"ZhiZhi Xu ,&nbsp;Jian Fang ,&nbsp;Min Luo ,&nbsp;Dedong He ,&nbsp;Dingkai Chen ,&nbsp;Jichang Lu ,&nbsp;Yongming Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The one-step synthesis of sulfur-containing chemicals, methanethiol (CH₃SH), from syngas and hydrogen sullfide (H₂S) mixtures shows the enormous potential for extending the application of both C₁ chemistry and sulfur resource recycling and utilization. However, directionally regulating the reaction pathway for synthesizing target sulfur-containing chemicals remain challenging owing to the presence of multiple reactants and the following various competitive side reactions. Herein, we propose a facile and simple sulfurization procedure-dependent strategies to regulate the Mo-S(<img>O) bond strength of K-MoS₂ catalysts for highly selective CO-to-CH₃SH catalysis. The activity tests, the characterization results and in situ DRIFTS technique demonstrate that a slower sulfurization heating rate and abundant-reduced sulfurization atmosphere facilitate the formation of K-intercalated 1 T-MoS₂ phase, which possesses a weaker Mo-S(<img>O) bond than that of C<img>O bond in CO molecules. This weakened bonding pattern is advantageous to the CO non-dissociative activation to from ^⁎COS species, and the further hydrogenation of adsorbed ^⁎COS and ^⁎CH_xS species to main product of CH₃SH. Otherwise, the strong bonding of Mo-S(<img>O) bond with CO molecule over K-decorated 2H-MoS₂ phase can lead to the breakage of C<img>O bond, promoting the formation of CH_x species and the occurrence of methanation side reaction. This strategy could provide the useful guidance for the fine regulation of the main and side reaction pathway for producing important chemicals from carbon and sulfur basic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 108184"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An artificial intelligence optimization of NOx conversion efficiency under dual catalytic mechanism reaction based on multi-objective gray wolf algorithm","authors":"Zhiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zicheng He ,&nbsp;Yuguo Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Jiang ,&nbsp;Weihuang Zhong ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanshuai Ye ,&nbsp;Zibin Yin ,&nbsp;Dongli Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the era of industry 4.0, artificial intelligence (AI) offers new perspectives for researching the complex sustainable chemical reactions in selective catalytic reduction (SCR). This aims to further improve the utilization and efficiency of SCR. In this study, a fuzzy gray relational analysis coupled with random forest (RF) and back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model was developed. This model was trained based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal coupled mechanism for SCR reaction mechanism, and had good fitting effect on the heat transfer rate, catalytic efficiency and ammonia (NH₃) slip rate of the catalytic reaction under loading conditions. And this was used as a guiding method to direct the multi-objective gray wolf optimization algorithm to optimize the basic parameters. The optimization results showed that the NH₃ slip rate of the SCR was slightly improved and the denitrification efficiency was increased up to 28 % under different loads, which had guiding significance for the lightweighting and thermal control of industrial equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 108182"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}