Medical Express最新文献_第2页

Analysis of Reliability of Peak Treadmill Running in Maximum Progressive Effort Test: Influence of Training Level 最大渐进力试验中跑步机峰值运行的可靠性分析：训练水平的影响

Medical Express Pub Date : 2018-01-09 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MO.001

A. S. Filho, Wendel Alves, Thiago Gottgtroy Miranda, Eduardo Portugal, S. Machado

引用次数: 1

Writing good English: is scientific English a Latin language in disguise? 写好英语：科学英语是伪装的拉丁语吗？

Medical Express Pub Date : 2018-01-03 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MF.001

M. Rocha-e-Silva

{"title":"Writing good English: is scientific English a Latin language in disguise?","authors":"M. Rocha-e-Silva","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MF.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MF.001","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: English is the lingua franca of science; it is the language of the two last world superpowers and the language of four out of the world’s ten greatest producers of science; it is a fairly simple language and the most hybridized language in history, with Latin and French contributing 60% of the entire English lexicon. The object of this study is to determine whether the frequency of use of imported words is a function of literary genre. METHOD: texts were randomly selected from (a) medical scientific original articles, (b) newspaper financial reports, (c) sport reportages, (d) literary texts and (e) colloquial English; for comparison a collection of similarly distributed texts were selected from Portuguese; the frequency of occurrence of Latin or Neo-Latin words was determined in the English texts as well as the occurrence of non-Latin or non-Neo-Latin words in the Portuguese texts; a oneway analysis of variance was used to determine whether significant differences occurred between genres in the two languages. RESULTS: The frequency of occurrence of Latin/French words in English text was significantly dependent on the literary genre, being maximal in medical scientific texts and minimal in colloquial English; in contrast, the frequency of occurrence of non-Latin words in Portuguese was constant throughout the same literary genres. CONCLUSION: The use of Latin/French words in English is directly proportional to the complexity of the literary genre, a phenomenon not observed in Portuguese, a typical Neo-Latin language.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43207064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A comment on "Writing Good English: Is scientific English a Latin Language in Disguise?" “写好英语:科学英语是伪装的拉丁语言吗?”

Medical Express Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.ML.001

C. Pereira

{"title":"A comment on \"Writing Good English: Is scientific English a Latin Language in Disguise?\"","authors":"C. Pereira","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.ML.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.ML.001","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor I have read an article recently published in “Medical Express“, “Writing Good English: Is scientific English a Latin Language in Disguise?” With respect to the statistical analyses, I have some comments. I would like to point out that ANOVA, the statistical treatment used to compare the incidence of Latin/Greek words in English against Portuguese texts, is not appropriate for the data analyzed. The reason is very simple: the sample space of a normal distribution is the whole real set of numbers extending from −∞ to +∞. In contrast, the sample space of a proportion π extends from zero to one. Another point is that the beta distribution is symmetric only when (π = 1⁄2 beta). The beta distribution, considered here, is one of the adequate distributions to analyze proportions. Asymmetry grows as π moves away from 1⁄2. The author kindly provided me with the raw data allowing me to reanalyze the results within his focus. I came up with the results shown in Figure 3A which may be advantageously compared with Figure 3 of the article. Adding another technical argument and having adopted the beta distribution, I found that the log-odds, ln 1 r r Q V, are normally distributed allowing us to apply standard statistical methods. My decision was to use confidence intervals to clearly illustrate the differences between English and Portuguese on the use of Latin/Greek words. I call the attention to the fact that the intervals for Portuguese are more asymmetric than the ones for English which are close to 1⁄2. To obtain the intervals for proportions the inverse transformations were taken","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71189785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Effect of Uphill Running: Current Scenario and Future Hypotheses 上坡跑步的急性效应:当前情景和未来假设

Medical Express Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MR.001

A. S. Filho, S. Machado

{"title":"Acute Effect of Uphill Running: Current Scenario and Future Hypotheses","authors":"A. S. Filho, S. Machado","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MR.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2018.MR.001","url":null,"abstract":"Strategies for metabolic adjustments are often considered by athletes throughout a running event. Planning for such events during training does not always include variations from level training, even though up/downhill exertion should definitely be a part of such planning. The differentiation of training stimuli, under adverse conditions of intensity and inclination, can generate differentiated benefits. However, uphill running raises expectations of deleterious effects. The imposition of different slope gradients throughout running could generate increased metabolic demands for sports performance. Thus, the present study aimed to answer questions mainly about the acute effects of uphill running, its relationship with aerobic performance, allowing us to introduce new hypotheses for future studies in the area on the subject. Gaps still need to be filled concerning the relevance of uphill running, and its determinants. Many of the points presently under scrutiny only lead to speculative explanations; for logical reasons, more studies should focus on the prescription of training at different slopes. This is the point at which specific conditioning is required, because the regulation of the effort and the energy cost resulting from the imposition of uphill running during competitive races depends heavily on previous experiences. This review will cover recently published research on the subject.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71189840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Involvement of rest diastolic arterial pressure in autonomic heart rate recovery from exercise in normotensive men 静息舒张动脉压与血压正常男性运动后自主心率恢复的关系

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-12-12 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.04

R. L. Gomes, L. Vanderlei, F. Vanderlei, D. Garner, R. Raimundo, L. D. Abreu, V. Valenti

引用次数: 0

The influence of glycerol upon L. reuteri activity against enteropathogens 甘油对罗伊氏乳杆菌抗肠致病菌活性的影响

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-12-11 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.06

Marina Etchebehere, Cristiane S C Piveta, C. Levy

{"title":"The influence of glycerol upon L. reuteri activity against enteropathogens","authors":"Marina Etchebehere, Cristiane S C Piveta, C. Levy","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.06","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Probiotics containing L. reuteri are popular for treating and preventing bacterial gastrointestinal infections. L. reuteri, produces reuterin, an antibiotic that inhibits gram-negative bacteria. Reuterin production is the result of glycerol fermentation by L reuteri. Although L. reuteri is normally present in the gastrointestinal system, only small amounts of glycerol are usually available; therefore, the production of reuterin may not occur and this could reduce the effectiveness of the probiotic supplement. Our objective is to identify the minimum concentrations of glycerol required for L. reuteri to exert an inhibitory effect on enteropathogenic enterobacteriaceae. METHOD: Samples containing 108 colony forming units (CFU) of L. reuteri DSM17938 (Colikids®, Ache, Brazil/ BioGaia, Sweden) were grown with varying concentrations of glycerol (0.05-5%). 106 CFU of E.coli (CDC0126/INCQS/ FIOCRUZ), Shigella flexneri (ATCC/120022), S. enterica (ATCC6539) and Y. enterocolitica (ATCC9610) were inoculated with L. reuteri in the different glycerol concentrations. Each enterobacteria and glycerol 5% without L. reuteri cultures were used as positive control groups. RESULTS: All bacteria were completely inhibited at higher ranges of glycerol concentrations (0.2-5%) and grew at lower concentrations (0.05-0.1%). CONCLUSION: L. reuteri requires at least 0.2% of glycerol to completely inhibit enterobacterial growth. These preliminary findings may influence the current method of use of probiotic supplements. The antibiotic activity of L. reuteri may have potential clinical use against important enteropathogens.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45141386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How to talk to the patient about obesity 如何与患者谈论肥胖问题

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-12-08 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.07

Z. Kain

{"title":"How to talk to the patient about obesity","authors":"Z. Kain","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.07","url":null,"abstract":"Talking about obesity can be a challenge for doctors. It is known that obesity is a great cause of mortality, worldwide. It leads to diabetes, a most deadly illness, and other conditions that can cause death. However, it also affects self-esteem and how people see themselves in the mirror. It can cause eating disorders and eventually become a very dangerous problem that could end in tragedy. Few patients, indeed few laypeople realize how deadly diabetes can be. Doctors should keep this in mind. Because obesity damages perception, how people view and feel about themselves, it is often hard for doctors to hit the right tact. And tact is a doctor’s best friend, most especially when talking to obese patients. It is important to make sure the person feels in friendly hands. Some doctors can be brash and tell the patient that they’re obese in the worst possible way, even using, perish the thought, the dreaded “fat” word. It is important to use the correct language, and to talk to the patient gently and in the right way to make sure he doesn’t feel offended. Talking about the risks of overweight can be a very good way of making them understand the dangers of their dietary habits. The reasons behind obesity can vary, but it is important that the person understand the meaning of it all. To talk about obesity is a great a challenge, same as talking about other life-threatening diseases, because people react in different ways when life is at stake. The doctor has to evaluate the patient’s demeanor prior to getting into the subject: it is essential to know how and when to tell them. It is important not to shatter the selfesteem of the person and at the same time, to give them hope for a change and thereby save their lives. Some patients may object that they’re not obese; a good idea might be to show them a graph or some","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43607049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of lidocaine patches for pain treatment after total knee arthroplasty 利多卡因贴片治疗全膝关节置换术后疼痛的疗效

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-11-23 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.03

D. Sadigursky, M. Oliveira, João Gilberto Gomes Macedo, Francisco Roque Paim Costa Junior, M. Azi, Daniel Figueiredo DE Alencar

{"title":"Effectiveness of lidocaine patches for pain treatment after total knee arthroplasty","authors":"D. Sadigursky, M. Oliveira, João Gilberto Gomes Macedo, Francisco Roque Paim Costa Junior, M. Azi, Daniel Figueiredo DE Alencar","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Effective analgesic therapy in the postoperative period of total knee arthroplasty is essential for good surgical outcomes. The current trend is to use multimodal treatment, in which the use of patches with lidocaine as adjuvant therapy has an increasingly relevant role. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential benefits of lidocaine patch association with the basic analgesia regimen for pain relief during the postoperative period of total knee arthroplasty. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was performed , with a total of 24 patients in each group, who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Pain levels using a visual analogue scale and opioid intake were controlled from the immediate postoperative to the end of a 28-day interval. RESULTS: During the postoperative period, pain was less intense in patients who used lidocaine patches. In these same patients, the doses of opioids needed to control pain were lower in 15 of the 28 days analyzed. The relative frequency of nausea was higher in the group that did not use adjuvant therapy. Patients older than 70 years and females predominated. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant treatment after total knee arthroplasty using lidocaine patches was effective in reducing pain and decreasing the use of opioids in the period analyzed, and represents a good addition to multimodal analgesic therapy.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47195547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Walking economy and aerobic power in Parkinson’s disease after endurance exercise training: A pilot study 帕金森病耐力运动训练后的步行经济性和有氧能力:一项初步研究

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-11-20 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.05

J. Greve, P. R. Santos-Silva, D. Speciali

{"title":"Walking economy and aerobic power in Parkinson’s disease after endurance exercise training: A pilot study","authors":"J. Greve, P. R. Santos-Silva, D. Speciali","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.05","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of an endurance exercise program in middle stages of Parkinson’s disease. METHODS: The patients were two women and seven men with Parkinson’s disease, aged 56 to 74 years, classified at Hoehn and Yahr stages 2 to 2.5. The study was designed as an open long-term pilot trial over three months of supervised treadmill exercise training. Cardiopulmonary exercise test evaluations were performed before the start of the study (test 1) and after three months (test 2). The main outcome measure was walking economy (i.e., the rate of oxygen consumption during gait) measured between VT1 and VT2 speeds and Oxygen consumption (VO2). RESULTS: No changes (p=0.551) were observed for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max, 24.6 vs 23.6 mL.kg -1.min-1) between tests. The walking economy was 20% better (p<0.001) after three months of aerobic endurance training (266.7 vs 212.6 mL.kg-1.km-1, prevs. post-training); the Cohen’s “d” effect size (ES) was 0.99, a very large effect. CONCLUSION: Evidence from this pilot study in individuals with Parkinson’s disease suggests that gains in walking economy occurs with a treadmill-training program without gain in aerobic power, but which may positively reduce the energy expenditure of activities of daily living in these patients.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44243577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The role of p16 as putative biomarker for cervical neoplasia: A controversial issue? p16作为宫颈肿瘤生物标志物的作用:一个有争议的问题?

Medical Express Pub Date : 2017-11-19 DOI: 10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.01

Jessica E.S. Gonçalves, C. V. Andrade, F. Russomano, G. Nuovo, S. M. Amaro-Filho, Maria Oo Carvalho, A. Nicol

{"title":"The role of p16 as putative biomarker for cervical neoplasia: A controversial issue?","authors":"Jessica E.S. Gonçalves, C. V. Andrade, F. Russomano, G. Nuovo, S. M. Amaro-Filho, Maria Oo Carvalho, A. Nicol","doi":"10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/MEDICALEXPRESS.2017.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Protein p16 has been extensively studied as a potential biomarker for precursor lesions to \u0000distinguish cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) from their mimics. However, the use of p16 as prognostic \u0000biomarker for diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancer is controversial. This study focuses on the assessment of \u0000peer-reviewed scientific data related to the use of p16 to predict disease severity and its controversies. \u0000METHODS: We reviewed publications in MEDLINE/PubMed assessing the clinical, diagnostic and prognostic \u0000significance of p16 in CIN and cervical cancer; we included publications from 2009 to June 2017. \u0000RESULTS: The use of p16 as a prognostic marker is still unreliable, although it could be a useful tool for diagnosis of \u0000Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia lesions with undetermined morphology. Moreover, p16 appears to be a specific \u0000marker of high-risk oncogenic HPV infection. \u0000CONCLUSION: This review shows the potential utility and drawbacks of p16 for clinical practice and the diagnosis \u0000of cervical cancer. Further studies are required to substantiate the role of p16 in conjunction with other more \u0000sensitive and specific biomarkers for diagnosing CIN and predicting its progression.","PeriodicalId":31471,"journal":{"name":"Medical Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44308653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9