Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Human exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs): A comparison between home and school microenvironments and inter-individual variations","authors":"Haichao Wang ,&nbsp;Renjie Bian ,&nbsp;William A. Stubbings ,&nbsp;Shaorui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoors human exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) remains unclear when considering the microenvironment and inter-individual differences. This study compares children's exposure to OPEs at school with at home using silicone wristbands and elucidates the internal exposure difference in OPEs between children and adults living in the same household. Silicone wristbands worn by 24 children and one of their parents (24 adults) for 5 consecutive days were collected for analyzing12 tri-OPEs. Early morning-void urine samples on the 3rd, 4th, 5th day over the five-day study were also collected for analyzing 6 di-OPEs. The results show that children have higher exposure to tri-OPEs at school than at home, with the geomeans of tri-OPEs being 55 and 12 ng/g/h in wristbands, respectively. The tri-OPE profile in wristbands is dominated by TCIPP and TPHP for both children and adults. While BCEP is the most abundant urinary metabolites in all urine samples. No significant differences in OPE external and internal exposures between children and adults are apparent for most OPE congeners, reflected by the comparable tri-OPEs in wristbands and urinary di-OPEs metabolites concentrations between children and adults. Wristband-OPEs are generally not significantly associated with their specific metabolites in urine samples. Our findings further the understanding on OPE exposures in indoor environments and OPE internal exposures between individuals under the same exposure scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126839"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzotriazole (BT) and benzothiazole (BTH) derivatives as emerging marine pollutants in the Pearl River Estuary: Spatiotemporal distribution, environmental fates, and ecological risks","authors":"Xiaoxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Qianyi Huang ,&nbsp;Rui Hou ,&nbsp;Shan Liu ,&nbsp;Hengxiang Li ,&nbsp;Tiantian Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The estuarine environment is a complex and dynamic ecosystem in the transition zone where rivers meet the sea. However, information on the distribution, fate, and risks of novel organic ultraviolet filters and stabilizers (OUVs) in estuaries remains limited. In this study, the occurrence of benzotriazole (BT) and benzothiazole (BTH) derivatives in seawater, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediments in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) was analysed. The total concentrations of both types of derivatives were much lower than those of their parent compounds in all the samples. 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-phenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole (UV-326) and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5-TTri) were the main contributors to the total occurrence of BT derivatives in seawater, whereas UV-326 and 5-chloro-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-327) emerged as significant derivatives in sediments. 2-mercapto-benzothiazole (2-SH-BTH) and 2-thiocyanomethylthio-benzothiazole (2-SCNMeS-BTH) were the most important BTH derivatives in seawater and sediments, respectively. The mass balance modelling results indicated that riverine and coastal discharges serve as the primary input pathways for BT derivatives (1.50 × 10⁴ and 8.29 × 10³ kg/yr in summer and winter, respectively) and BTH derivatives (1.32 × 10⁴ and 9.46 × 10³ kg/yr in summer and winter, respectively) into the PRE. Moreover, outputs to the outer ocean play a decisive role in determining their main fates, with contributions ranging from 69.3 % to 84.3 %. The sedimentation and degradation of BT and BTH derivatives were not the primary sinks in seawater, suggesting that the estuary cannot serve as a significant barrier for these land-based pollutants. The risk quotient (RQ) results indicated that 2-SCNMeS-BTH has a moderate ecological risk (RQ of 0.105) in sediments, whereas all other BTs and BTHs have a relatively low risk (RQ &lt; 0.1). This investigation offers pivotal insights into the environmental behaviours and ecological impacts of emerging marine pollutants within estuarine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126840"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplified toxic effects of nanoplastic composite norfloxacin on liver cells in mice: Mechanistic insights and multiscale evaluation","authors":"Hengyu Song ,&nbsp;Guidong Gao ,&nbsp;Yanmei Lei ,&nbsp;Qun Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Li ,&nbsp;Shuqi Guo ,&nbsp;Yuntao Qi ,&nbsp;Tingting Wang ,&nbsp;Shaoyang Hu ,&nbsp;Rutao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concomitant presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and antibiotics in environmental matrices demands urgent investigation into their combined toxicity, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we employed a multiscale strategy to clarify the combined toxicity and mechanisms of NPs and norfloxacin (NOR) in primary murine hepatocytes. Specifically, co-exposure triggered a 59.0 % reduction in cell viability, exceeding individual treatments (NOR alone: 43.2 %), while amplifying intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 60.1 % compared to individual NOR treatment. NPs promoted NOR bioaccumulation via carrier-mediated transport, thereby aggravating oxidative imbalance through SOD suppression (24.3 % inhibition) and lipid peroxidation (48.3 % MDA elevation). Molecular analyses revealed NPs-NOR complexes destabilized the secondary structure of CAT, increasing <em>α</em>-Helix (2.2 %) content, and docking simulations identified NOR binding to residues. These findings mechanistically link NPs-antibiotic interactions to amplified toxicity via oxidative stress and conformational disruption, highlighting NPs as critical modulators of pollutant bioavailability. This work advances predictive frameworks for composite toxicity, underscores the need to prioritize risk assessment of co-contaminants in environmental and biomedical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126837"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downstream water quality impacts persist despite mountaintop coal mine reclamation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains","authors":"Colin A. Cooke ,&nbsp;Craig A. Emmerton ,&nbsp;William F. Donahue ,&nbsp;Jason G. Kerr","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reclamation is a requirement of mountaintop coal mines. Many jurisdictions require a return to predevelopment condition or to equivalencies based on unimpacted (i.e., upstream) reaches. Here we summarize decades of government and industry water quality monitoring and research spanning the onset, operation, closure, and reclamation of three Rocky Mountain coal mines in Alberta, Canada. The mines all occur within the McLeod River basin, offering opportunities to examine cumulative inputs and impacts. Selenium concentrations remain elevated and above guidelines for the protection of aquatic life decades after mine closure and reclamation despite regulatory requirements for the opposite. But the water quality impacts extended beyond selenium. Higher concentrations of a broad suite of both solutes and particle-bound heavy metals were noted downstream of all three mines, with impacts most obvious in Luscar Creek and Gregg River – tributaries to the McLeod River. After decades of coal extraction, changing regulatory requirements, and near complete reclamation of one coal mine, water quality remains negatively impacted with higher concentrations of ions, nutrients, and metals downstream of coal mines. These results suggest current reclamation practices and regulatory requirements for water quality and aquatic ecosystems are not meeting the desired objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126841"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathway to carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry of China: a LEAP-China-IS model assessment","authors":"Yueqing Gu ,&nbsp;Chongchao Pan ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu ,&nbsp;Zeyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Man Huang ,&nbsp;Wenchao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world's largest steel producer, China faces mounting pressure to decarbonize its iron and steel industry, a major contributor to national emissions. This study integrates a top-down dynamic material flow analysis with bottom-up LEAP model to forecast the sector's carbon emissions through 2060 under multiple scenarios. Three macro-scenarios are evaluated—Baseline, Low-carbon, and Carbon neutrality, alongside five sub-scenarios—changes in production structure, energy efficiency, resource utilization, near-zero metallurgical technologies, and energy structure. The results indicate that total carbon emissions under the three scenarios will reach 949, 691, and 104 Mt CO₂, respectively, by 2060. In the carbon neutrality scenario, blast furnace energy consumption decreases significantly, while hydrogen metallurgy increases. Among the sub-scenarios, reducing crude steel production contributes 30.9 % to emissions reductions, while energy efficiency improvements contribute 2.8 %. Despite full deployment of hydrogen metallurgy and CCUS, residual emissions remain at 104 Mt CO₂ by 2060, necessitating carbon credit purchases to achieve net-zero. These findings highlight the limitations of technological solutions alone and call for integrated policy measures balancing production demand, innovation diffusion, and market mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126834"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields reduce bumble bee visitation to flowers","authors":"Manuel Treder, Michael Glück, Sam J. England, Kirsten S. Traynor","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126836","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) are an integral part of our daily lives and we may struggle to imagine life without them, using them to transmit and stream data for television, the internet, or cell phones. Debates circulate on whether this anthropogenic radiation may be an additional stress factor for pollinators, potentially disrupting important habitats and refugia, especially in highly developed areas. Could these anthropogenic fields interfere with foraging pollinators, influence their foraging behavior or reduce the attractiveness of entire habitats? Current data on sublethal impacts is sparse. We tested the effects of realistic 2.4 and 5.8 GHz radiation on flower visitation rates of different pollinators over two years in a blinded study using a standardized radiation source and a novel study design. Documenting 2,876 pollinators, we found no effect of this radiation on honey bee visitation rates on <em>Salvia</em> and <em>Lavandula</em> plants. However, we found a significant reduction in the number of bumble bee visits per observation when the plants were subjected to RF-EMF exposure, highlighting the need for in-depth and long-term studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this effect.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"671 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the hidden pollutants in the indoor environment: Focus on microplastic pollution and its related risks in the educational institutions of megacity, Bangladesh","authors":"Tapos Kumar Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Partha Chandra Debnath ,&nbsp;Gehendra Kharel ,&nbsp;Baytune Nahar Netema ,&nbsp;Md Simoon Nice ,&nbsp;Khandakar Rashedul Islam ,&nbsp;Pragga Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md Sozibur Rahman ,&nbsp;Samina Zaman ,&nbsp;Gopal Chandra Ghosh ,&nbsp;Monishanker Halder ,&nbsp;Nazmul Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, are an emerging environmental contaminant of increasing concern due to their potential adverse effects on human health. While indoor environments represent a significant location for human exposure, data on MP occurrence and characteristics in these settings remain limited, particularly in densely populated urban areas. This study first investigated the abundance, distribution, characteristics, and potential risks of MPs in settled dust collected from classrooms within educational institutions in the megacity of Bangladesh. Microplastics were extracted from dust samples using wet peroxide oxidation. Quantification and morphological characterization (shape, size, color) were performed using stereomicroscopy. Polymer identification was conducted using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) was employed to analyze surface morphology and elemental composition. The mean abundance of MPs was 16436.67 ± 8534.06 n/kg, with considerable variability observed across sampling locations. Fibers comprised the predominant shape (89 %), with the 100–500 μm size range being most prevalent (44 %). Black was the most frequently observed color (35.5 %). Polystyrene (PS) was the most abundant polymer type (40.6 %), followed by polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyurethane (PUR). The pollution load index (PLI) values exceeded 1, indicating significant MP contamination. Other risk assessment indices, including the contamination factor (range: 1.00–6.14) and the Nemerow pollution index (range: 4.40–6.14), suggested moderate to high levels of MP pollution. The polymeric hazard index (269.33–1150.73) indicated considerable to high polymer-associated risks. SEM-EDS analysis revealed the presence of secondary MPs and associated potentially toxic elements (e.g., Hg, Pb, As). Principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that both indoor activities and the outdoor environment contribute to MP pollution in classrooms. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) via dust ingestion were 0.39 ± 0.20 particles/day for children and 0.29 ± 0.15 particles/day for adults. Lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) assessments indicated a potential for moderate carcinogenic risk for both exposure groups, with children exhibiting a higher estimated risk. These findings highlight the need for further research to fully characterize indoor MP exposure's sources, pathways, and health risks and develop effective mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126831"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of methanogenic microbial assemblages to antibiotics: The role of resistance genes and taxonomic composition","authors":"Eric Bollinger ,&nbsp;Johanna Mayer ,&nbsp;Foon Yin Lai ,&nbsp;Ralf Schulz ,&nbsp;Sabine Filker ,&nbsp;Mirco Bundschuh","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics are omnipresent contaminants in aquatic systems and can impact key ecosystem processes. Methanogenesis by anaerobic Archaea is such a process that has gained attention because antibiotics can increase their methane (CH₄) production dynamics – a 28-fold more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Since such effects may depend on assemblage composition and antibiotic resistance, we investigated antibiotic effects on methanogenesis in sediments from a negiglibly impacted site (reserve) and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Prior to incubation, short-term pre-treatment with antibiotics aimed to stimulate adaptive responses. During incubation, antibiotics reduced methanogenesis speed in WWTP sediment (−7 %) but increased it in the reserve (10 %), with site-specific patterns linked to differences in prokaryotic assemblage composition and their gene expression. Methanomicrobia, a key methanogenic group, showed contrasting responses across sites, likely mediated by prokaryotic substrate dynamics, particularly within the acetate pathway. Pre-treatment effects on methanogenesis dynamics were minor (maximum Bayesian factor of 3.6), but subtle shifts in prokaryotic activity and composition were observed. Elevated antibiotic resistance gene expression in WWTP sediments reflected historical exposure but did not mitigate antibiotic impacts on methanogenesis. These findings show the vulnerability of methanogenic assemblages to antibiotics despite potential adaptations and emphasize the risks posed by pharmaceutical pollution to critical freshwater ecosystem functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126828"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating hydrogeochemical characterization and multivariate statistics for the source identification and health risk assessment of groundwater pollution in the Ze Zhou Basin, Northern China","authors":"Jiamei Fu ,&nbsp;Jiawei Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zheng ,&nbsp;Chenhui Guo ,&nbsp;Yunrong Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quality of groundwater is critically important. Identification and control of groundwater pollution sources is of great significance for the protection of regional groundwater. However, the interactions between human activities and the natural environment complicate the identification of pollution sources. The detection of pollution anomalies can effectively enhance the accuracy of pollution source identification. In the present study, the combined method of hydrogeochemical characteristics and mathematical statistics analysis was employed to detect the pollution anomalies of groundwater in the Ze Zhou basin. This approach establishes connections among various indicators and applies mathematical concepts of dimensionality reduction, coupling and verification for statistical analysis, which could accurately detect pollution anomalies. On this basis, pollution sources were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis further, with the accuracy rate of pollution sources identification &gt;90 %, which was verified by the combined analysis of field investigation experiment and land use type data. Moreover, an improved PCA and rank sum ratio (PCA-RSR) model was employed to evaluate the regional groundwater quality. The results indicated that more than 66 % of samples in the study area met quality standards, but there are also some localized pollution sites. Finally, the health risks caused by exposure to groundwater contaminants were assessed. Some heavy metals, including As, Hg, Ni, Pb, Cu, Cr and petroleum pollutants were identified as posing a high risk, and exceeded the safety threshold. Heavy metal As posed significant risks, with 7.248 (children) and 3.653 (adults) non-carcinogenic hazard indices, and 0.006 (children) and 0.156 (adults) carcinogenic risks. Petroleum pollutants exhibited elevated 0.00104 (adults) carcinogenic risk. This study presents a novel coupling method for identifying the pollution sources of regional groundwater, and the findings of this study are pivotal for the targeted control and mitigation of regional groundwater pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126833"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to chiral pydiflumetofen induces cardiovascular toxicity in early stages of zebrafish","authors":"Yanjuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Fei Fang ,&nbsp;Bo Peng ,&nbsp;Wenping Xu ,&nbsp;Xuhong Qian ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiagao Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticides increase agricultural productivity, but with the widespread use of pesticides, concerns have arisen about their potential negative impacts on human health and aquatic organisms. Pydiflumetofen (PYD) is a novel chiral fungicide, and the potential environmental and health hazards of PYD and its chiral isomers are not sufficiently understood. In this work, zebrafish were employed as a model organism to study the toxicity of PYD, specifically investigating the developmental and cardiovascular toxicities in zebrafish exposed to 0.2 μg/mL of PYD for 72 h. The results showed that PYD severely impeded the development of zebrafish embryos, resulting in abnormal hatching rates, enlarged yolk sacs and shortened body length. In addition, PYD resulted in morphological and functional abnormalities of the embryonic heart and blood vessels, such as pericardial edema, linearization of the heart, impeded vascular production, slowed heart rate, and reduced erythrocyte flow rate. Mechanistically, we found that PYD caused oxidative stress, lipid accumulation and apoptosis in zebrafish. Simultaneously, the expression of genes associated with cardiac (<em>nkx2.5</em>, <em>gata4</em>, <em>tbx5</em>, <em>hand2</em>, <em>has2</em>) and vascular (<em>vegfc</em>, <em>dll4</em>, <em>cdh5</em>, <em>hey2</em>, and <em>notch3</em>) development was altered. Notably, our results indicate that (+)-<em>R</em>-PYD exhibits higher developmental and cardiovascular toxicity than (−)-<em>S</em>-PYD. This paper first reveals the cardiovascular toxicity of PYD and opens new avenues for assessing the environmental and health hazards caused by chiral fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126819"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}