Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Green synthesized silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) ameliorated the cadmium toxicity in melon by regulating antioxidant enzymes activity and stress-related genes expression","authors":"Muhammad Sanaullah Malik, Asad Rehman, Iftikhar Hussain Shah, Samiah Arif, Kai Nan, Yumeng Yan, Shiren Song, Muhammad Khalid Hameed, Muhammad Azam, Yidong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125459","url":null,"abstract":"Green synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to reduce heavy metal stress in plants. Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) possesses higher toxicity to the crops and ultimately reduces their growth and yield. The current study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of green synthesized SiO₂NPs to reduce toxic effects of Cd in melon (<em>Cucumis melo</em>) by regulating physiological parameters, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulating stress-related gene expression. The SiO₂NPs were synthesized using <em>Artemisia annua</em> plant extract having spherical shape and size within the range of 40-70 nm and characterized using advanced spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The application of SiO₂NPs (75mg/L) significantly improved physiological parameters such as shoot length (SL), root length (RL), leaf fresh weight (LFW), root fresh weight (RFW), leaf dry weight (LDW) and root dry weight (RDW) by 14%, 20%, 15%, 16%, 14%, and 28%, respectively, compared to Cd-stressed plants. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) showed a notable increase of 15% and 40%, respectively. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, and APX were enhanced by 28.67%, 35.45%, 32.07%, and 42.75%, respectively. In addition, applying SiO₂NPs increased the concentration of macronutrients N, P, and K by 33%, 40%, and 37%, respectively, compared to Cd-stressed plants. Moreover, SiO₂NPs upregulated the expression of several stress-related genes and reduced Cd accumulation in shoots and roots. This study reveals that green synthesized SiO₂NPs effectively reduced the Cd toxicity in melon by improving morphological and physiological parameters, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and regulating the expression of stress-related genes. These findings suggest that green synthesized SiO₂NPs could play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by protecting crops from heavy metal stress.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into natural attenuation of tributyl phosphate by indigenous anaerobic microbes in soils: Implication by stable carbon isotope fractionation and microbial community structures","authors":"Guoguang Wang, Maojiao Li, Yinli Ji, Zixuan Hao, Yana Wang, Hongyi Xue, Haixia Wang, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125482","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widespread in the environment, with high persistence and toxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms of anaerobic microbial degradation of OPEs remain elusive in the field environment. In this study, the natural attenuation mechanisms of tributyl phosphate (TnBP) by indigenous anaerobic microorganisms in soils were investigated by using compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) and characterization of microbial communities. The results indicated that dibutyl phosphate (DnBP) was the major degradation product of TnBP. Significant carbon isotope fractionation was observed for TnBP during the anaerobic microbial degradation, and the carbon isotope enrichment factor (<em>ε</em>_C) was determined to be -2.71 ± 0.13‰. Unlike aerobic degradation with P-O bond cleavage, C-O bond cleavage was verified as the mode to removal a butyl side chain for TnBP to generate DnBP during the anaerobic microbial degradation. Microbial community analysis indicated that <em>Sphingomonans</em>, <em>Nocardioides</em> and <em>Streptomyces</em> were the important contributors to microbial degradation of TnBP in anoxic soils. TnBP altered microbial metabolic functions in anoxic soils, mainly enhancing the biosynthesis of ansamycins, ketone bodies and amino acids, and flagellar assembly, which promoted microbial degradation of TnBP. This study provided a better method to characterize the chemical bond cleavage mode and effect of OPEs on microbial communities, which was a prerequisite for the bioremediation of OPE pollution in soils.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existence of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) during spring haze and sandstorm events in Beijing: Implications for a heterogeneous formation pathway on mineral aerosols","authors":"Yunzhi Xu, Tao Ma, Fengkui Duan, Shuxiao Wang, Jingkun Jiang, Yafang Cheng, Hang Su, Taicheng An, Yongliang Ma, Takashi Kimoto, Tao Huang, Kebin He","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125483","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxymethylsulfonate (HMS) is an abundant secondary organic aerosol from aqueous or heterogeneous processes and may be misidentified as sulfate in conventional measurements. High concentrations of HMS have been observed in humid winter and autumn haze in northern China, while its prevalence in other seasons is unclear and the production medium is controversial. In this study, our field measurements in Beijing during the 2021 spring first showed the presence of HMS in PM_2.5 during both haze and sandstorm events despite the different atmospheric conditions. HMS accounted for 0.44% of PM_2.5 during haze periods, higher than the proportion (0.097%) during sandstorms. The sum of HMS and sulfate was also higher during the haze (6.5 μg m⁻³) than during the sandstorm (2.6 μg m⁻³), while the HMS/sulfate molar ratio during the haze (0.021) was similar to the value during the sandstorm (0.019). HMS concentration showed a good positive correlation with aerosol water content (AWC), indicating multiphase production. During haze periods, relatively high AWC favored the formation of HMS. In contrast, relative humidity and AWC decreased significantly during sandstorm events, while high pH favored HMS formation. In addition, higher concentrations and proportions of HMS were observed in PM_2.5−10 than in PM_2.5. The presence of HMS in dust particles indicated a heterogeneous formation mechanism of HMS on mineral aerosols. Our findings broaden the prevalence of HMS in aerosols and indicate a new HMS formation mechanism from the perspective of observation.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in aerosol optical depth in Chinese urban agglomerations during the early phase of dual-carbon actions","authors":"Yurong Zheng, Wenbin Sun, Shouhang Du, Haibo Ban","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125486","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-carbon policies were implemented by Chinese government to mitigate climate warming; however, changes in aerosol optical depth (AOD) during early phases of these actions (2020-2022) remain unclear. Thus, AOD variations during this period were investigated compared to the baseline (2015-2019 mean) across seven urban agglomerations (UAs) using multi-source data. Significant temporal variations in AOD anomalies (ΔAOD) were observed at annual and seasonal scales, with varying magnitudes. On average, AOD decrease by -0.210, -0.225, -0.180, and -0.038 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Guanzhong Plain (GZP), and Liaozhongnan (LZN), respectively. In contrast, increases of 0.041 and 0.057 were observed in Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Tianshan Mountains northern foothills (TSBP), while Lhasa metropolitan area (LS) remain stable (0.0001). In 2021, the most significant decrease in AOD was recorded in YRD, whereas the greatest declines in other urban areas were noted in 2022. The largest ΔAOD in LZN, BTH, and YRD occurred in autumn, while the peak ΔAOD in GZP was observed in spring. In contrast, the highest ΔAOD in PRD, TSBP, and LS occurred in summer. These temporal variations in ΔAOD can be attributed to dual-carbon policies, natural and meteorological anomalies, along with the impacts of stringent lockdown policies and abrupt dust events. Path analysis indicated that the effects of various drivers on ΔAOD were interconnected. When interactions among these factors were considered, their influences on ΔAOD were found to be either amplified or altered, highlighting the importance of accounting for interactions within the human-nature-meteorological system in formulation of atmospheric pollution policies. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ΔAOD variation mechanisms and provide valuable insights for the development of air pollution reduction strategies at the UA scale.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed environmental pollution caused by transient landscape storage - An example from the Lesser Antilles","authors":"Rémi Bizeul, Oriane Lajoie, Olivier Cerdan, Lai Ting Pak, Anthony Foucher, Sylvain Huon, Thomas Grangeon, Olivier Evrard","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125412","url":null,"abstract":"The strong pest pressure on intensive banana cultivation in the French West Indies led to the intensive use of chlordecone (an organochlorine insecticide) between 1972 and 1993. Due to its high toxicity for the population and the environment, many studies were conducted on the transfer of chlordecone over the last 20 years. However, most studies focused on the dissolved fraction of chlordecone, while the particle-bound fraction was understudied. Therefore, this study reconstructs pluri-decadal erosion rates (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=\"\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-mathml='&lt;math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"1.971ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.235ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -747.2 1535.7 848.5\" width=\"3.567ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMATHI-69\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(345,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-2E\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(790,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMATHI-65\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(1257,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-2E\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;span role=\"presentation\"&gt;&lt;math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 1980-2023) and associated chlordecone particle-bound transfers from soil and sediment cores sampled in a cultivated headwater catchment (Saint-Esprit, Martinique). Based on sediment accumulation analysis in an agricultural reservoir, high erosion rates (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=\"\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-mathml='&lt;math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"1.971ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.235ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -747.2 1535.7 848.5\" width=\"3.567ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMATHI-69\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(345,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-2E\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(790,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#MJMA","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of cadmium and ciprofloxacin in environmental media decreases ciprofloxacin degradation by biogenic manganese oxides","authors":"Jingjing Qiu, Zuxin Xu, Bin Dong, Mei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125488","url":null,"abstract":"The coexistence of antibiotics with heavy metals is detrimental to humans and the environment. In urban water environments, Cadmium (Cd) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) frequently co-occur. Biogenic manganese oxides (BMOs) are a promising environmental bioremediation material due to their remarkable adsorption and oxidation properties. However, BMOs’ removal mechanism in an environment where Cd and CIP co-occur is not yet unknown. We identified a manganese (Mn)-oxidising bacterium, <em>Bacillus</em> sp. XM02, with a strong ability for Mn (II) oxidation (85.23%) and BMOs production, and investigated its competitive removal mechanism in an environment with Cd and CIP co-occurrence. The BMOs exhibited a glorious CIP degradation ability and led to a marked decrease in the toxicity of CIP following oxidative degradation in <em>Escherichia coli</em> experiments. In contrast, in the co-existence of Cd and CIP, Cd hindered CIP removal by BMOs, but CIP did not affect Cd removal. Kinetic experiments combined with XPS characterisation revealed that the <em>k</em> value of Cd (297.39 h^-1) was much higher than that of CIP (5.53 h^-1), demonstrating that Cd was immediately adsorbed onto the surface of BMOs through a Cd-O bond. The surface potentials of BMOs carrying Cd alone and both Cd and CIP on the surface were similar, revealing that the electronegativity of Cd-carrying BMOs was greatly weakened (from -34.8 mV to -21 mV/-23 mV), which further reduced the BMOs’ electrostatic interaction with CIP. Moreover, the concentration of dissolved Mn (III) in the co-existence group was lower than that in the CIP alone, indicating that the presence of Cd reduced the transformation of Mn (IV) to Mn (III) by BMOs. Consequently, Cd attenuated the effect of active Mn (IV) sites of BMOs on CIP’s piperazine ring oxidative degradation. These results offer a theoretical direction for the use of BMOs to reduce the risk posed by antibiotics and heavy metals pollution in co-occurrence environments.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-biochar reduces sustainable remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil more than micro-biochar: evidence from cadmium removal and Eisenia foetida toxicity","authors":"Ruoyu Yuan, Wei Li, Muhammad Salam, Hong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125479","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- (M-BC) and nano-biochar (N-BC) particles are ready to be disintegrated from biochar (BC), which is extensively applied to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil. Still, its effects on the remediation efficiency remain poorly understood. This study investigated the interactions between the BC particles (M-BC and N-BC) and <em>Eisenia foetida</em> (<em>E. foetida</em>) in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. Results indicated that M-BC has weak negative effect on <em>E. foetida</em> with survival rates of ≥85% as it is failed to be internalized. The interactive effects between M-BC/N-BC and Cd reduced the mobility of Cd, leading to low avoidance behavior of <em>E. foetida</em>. The synergistic effect of 0.1% M-BC and <em>E. foetida</em> caused pH regulation, BC diffusion and alternation of soil microbial community in the soil. This favoured the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils with 56.2% Cd fixation efficiency identified. Conversely, internalization of Cd-loaded N-BC by <em>E. foetida</em> was recorded when 0.1% N-BC was amended in the soil. This triggered DNA damage, antioxidant suppression, antiapoptotic inhibition, digestion impairment, reproductive decline, and survival rates reduction (55%) in <em>E. foetida</em>, indicating the essential role of <em>E. foetida</em> in the soil is likely to be depressed. These findings are helpful to understand the potential negative effects of BC application in soil remediation.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Varying modalities of perinatal exposure to a pesticide cocktail elicit neurological adaptations in mice and zebrafish’ [Environ. Pollut. 278 (2021) 116755]","authors":"Isabel Forner-Piquer, Wendy Klement, Giuseppe Gangarossa, Emma Zub, Frederic de Bock, Marine Blaquiere, Tangui Maurice, Etienne Audinat, Adèle Faucherre, Frederic Lasserre, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos, Laurence Gamet-Payrastre, Chris Jopling, Nicola Marchi","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125432","url":null,"abstract":"The authors regret a writing error in a paragraph of the Methods section (2.4. Freely moving telemetry video-electroencephalography), which we only recently noticed. We recognized that, during the manuscript assembly in 2020/21, we inadvertently included method text from an older document that referenced a discontinued practice.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution affects even oceanic marine protected areas in Southwestern Atlantic","authors":"Thayná J. Mello, Cybelle M. Longhini, Bruno Mattos Silva Wanderley, Cesar Alexandro da Silva, Bethânia Dal'Col Lehrback, Fábio Cavalca Bom, Renato Rodrigues Neto, Fabian Sá, Edson A. Vieira, Vladmir E. Costa, Guilherme O. Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125485","url":null,"abstract":"Reefs are facing a global decline with sewage pollution emerging as a significant and poorly understood threat. Inadequate wastewater management and disorderly urbanization contributes to water pollution globally. Tropical Southwestern Atlantic comprises a set of oceanic Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) including the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago in Brazil, which has experienced significant population growth without expanding the sewage infrastructure. We mapped and quantified marine pollution in these MPAs, characterizing pollution sources and evaluating their effects on benthic and fish communities in 13 reef sites. We quantified nutrients, metals and metalloid, microplastics, fecal sterols, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in both water and sediment samples. We also used isotopic tracing on macroalgae to identify the origin of organic matter and characterized benthic and fish communities, and algae biomass at each site. Pollution was more pronounced in the multiple-use area but also affected no-take areas. Effluents from wastewater treatment plants did not meet legislative standards, and reefs in the multiple-use area were enriched in orthophosphate and ammonia compared to those in the no-take area. Nitrogen isotopes in macroalgae revealed sewage-derived nitrogen throughout the multiple-use area. Nutrient enriched sites exhibited higher abundances of fast-growing and opportunistic green macroalgae, and higher biomass of brown macroalgae. The port area, within the multiple-use area, showed high PAHs, coprostanol and metal(loid) concentrations, suggesting untreated sewage and nautical chemical pollution. Microplastics were widespread in sediment and water samples. We documented the pervasive impacts of marine pollution on reef habitats even within marine protected areas in oceanic regions, demonstrating that local pollution control, sewage management and regulating procedures in port areas are critical to protect marine ecosystems. Comparisons with previous studies suggest marine pollution has substantially increased in the Archipelago in the last ten years. This is the first comprehensive assessment of marine pollution in an oceanic environment in Southwestern Atlantic, showing these isolated environments are not immune to pollution impacts.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic effects of exposure to Polymethyl methacrylate and polyvinyl chloride microplastics in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas)","authors":"Chunmei Gao, Zhuolong Wu, Baogui Liang, Jikun Lu, Guanghui Fu, Miaomiao Sun, Wenwen Yu, Shuo Zhang, Shike Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125484","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing attention has been directed toward the toxic effects of microplastics (MP) on marine mollusks in recent years. To evaluate these effects, Pacific oysters (<em>Crassostrea gigas)</em> were acclimated and cultured in a 140-liter container, where two types of MP, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), were introduced into their feed. MP concentrations in the water were maintained at 300 μg/L, 600 μg/L, and 900 μg/L to assess oxidative stress, DNA damage, and metabolic disorders in these organisms. Significant alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities were detected in <em>C. gigas e</em>xposed to these pollutants. After 30 days of exposure to high concentrations of PMMA, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the adductor muscle was reduced by 59% compared to the control group, while catalase (CAT) activity increased by 67%. DNA damage assessments revealed that <em>NF-κB</em> expression levels reached a maximum value of 2.46 in the high-concentration PMMA group after 30 days, the highest among all experimental groups. Additionally, metabolic pathway alterations in the hepatopancreas of <em>C. gigas w</em>ere observed, including reduced expression levels of uridine and methylmalonic acid (MMA), alongside significantly elevated expression levels of glutamic acid and asparagine. This study offers essential toxicological data for understanding and quantifying the impacts of PMMA and PVC MP on marine mollusks.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}