Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"From atmosphere to river: Tracing the origins and deposition of ammonium in both PM_2.5 and precipitation in Harbin.","authors":"Xiazhong Sun, Dongyu Zou, Tingting Zhang, Changshun Wang, Qingyu Guan, Hong Qi, Chongguo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atmospheric ammonium (NH₄⁺) is a key component of terrestrial nitrogen cycling that substantially impacts regional environmental pollution. However, its origins and deposition patterns remain insufficiently constrained in urban hotspots with intensive anthropogenic emissions. This study employed δ¹⁵N isotope tracing to investigate the origins and deposition of atmospheric NH₄⁺ in Harbin, Northeast China. Using PM_2.5, precipitation, and surface water samples from the Songhua River, this study quantified the source contributions of the NH₄⁺ precursor (NH₃), NH₄⁺-N deposition fluxes, and their deposition contributions to the riverine NH₄⁺-N load. The results indicated that NH₄⁺-N dominated atmospheric inorganic nitrogen deposition across the study area. The wet deposition flux was 10.10 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1, which was lower than the estimated dry deposition flux of 20.51 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1. Source apportionment showed that non-agricultural sources (53.00%) dominated the NH₄⁺ precursor in PM_2.5, whereas agricultural sources (primarily fertilizer application) prevailed (62.00%) in precipitation. For the Songhua River in the Harbin section, atmospheric deposition was the primary source of NH₄⁺-N, with wet and dry deposition contributing 36.00% and 18.00%, respectively. Furthermore, rainfall events increased riverine NH₄⁺ concentration. Overall, our results show that agricultural sources contributed more to NH₄⁺ in precipitation than in PM_2.5 (primarily because of more extensive regional air-mass transport), and highlight that atmospheric deposition, particularly wet deposition, serves as a critical exogenous NH₄⁺-N source in the urban river.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"129335"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into stereoselective effects of S-naproxen and R-naproxen on conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.","authors":"Shuhan Li, Yifan Xiao, Ruixin Li, Yingying Wang, Mark Bartlam","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through plasmid-mediated conjugative transfer poses a serious public health threat. Although non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals are known to influence horizontal gene transfer (HGT), their stereoselective effects remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the enantioselective effects of naproxen (NAP) on RP4 plasmid-mediated conjugation between Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The R- and S-enantiomers of NAP (R-NAP and S-NAP) exhibited markedly different influences on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) transfer, with R-NAP inducing a substantially higher conjugation frequency than S-NAP. This observation was consistent with transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analyses, which showed stronger upregulation of key conjugation-related genes (e.g., traF, traJ, trfAp, and trbBp) and membrane-associated genes (ompA, ompF, and oprF) under R-NAP exposure. Proteomic analysis further confirmed the upregulation of pilus- and membrane-associated proteins in response to R-NAP exposure. Molecular docking suggested that this stereoselective effect arises from distinct binding interactions between NAP enantiomers and conjugation-associated proteins, with R-NAP forming more stable conformations with core proteins such as TraF, TraJ, OmpA, and OprF. Collectively, these results demonstrate that R-NAP enhances RP4-mediated conjugative transfer by stereoselectively modulating gene and protein expression and strengthening protein-ligand interactions. This study highlights the overlooked role of chiral pharmaceuticals in accelerating ARG dissemination and underscores the need to consider stereoselectivity in environmental risk assessments of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128833"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of biodegradable and conventional microplastics in marketed marine fish and implications for human dietary exposure.","authors":"Patralika Mukhopadhyay, Shibu Arkkakadavil Valsalan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the ecological and toxicological impacts of petroleum-based conventional microplastics (CMPs) are well documented, biodegradable plastics (BPs) are increasingly promoted as sustainable alternatives to mitigate plastic pollution. However, degradation of BPs under natural aquatic conditions is mostly incomplete, leading to the formation of biodegradable microplastics (BMPs). Growing experimental evidence suggests that BMPs are bioavailable to aquatic organisms and may cause biological effects comparable to those of CMPs. This study for the first time, reports the co-occurrence with CMPs in both edible and inedible tissues of commercially important marine fish and also reports BMP presence in marine fish for the first time in India. A total of 11.2% of fish exhibited co-occurrence in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), while in edible tissues, co-occurrence was detected only in S. indicus. The co-occurrence of CMPs and BMPs in fish reveals a dual exposure risk, indicating that BPs do not replace conventional plastics but instead coexist with them, collectively intensifying potential food safety and human health concerns. The estimated daily dietary exposure indicates that children may experience relatively higher potential intake of microplastics, suggesting a possibility of associated health implications. Overall, this study emphasises that concurrent exposure through fish consumption may represent a significant pathway of human microplastic intake. It also signifies the necessity for targeted risk assessment frameworks and informed policy interventions to address this co-exposure through fish consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"129332"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential influence of waterfront green space morphology on microplastic abundance variation in high-density urban core areas: A case study of the Jinjiang ecological zone in Chengdu.","authors":"Fenglei Chen, Bingyi Chen, Chen Li, Mengyao Gao, Jie Yang, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are widely distributed in urban aquatic environments, and urban waterfront green spaces may influence microplastics abundance variation. In this study, nine waterfront parks within the Jinjiang Ecological Belt in Chengdu were selected as study sites. By integrating spatial morphology indices of waterfront green spaces with riverine microplastics abundance variation data, the relationships between waterfront green space spatial morphology and microplastics abundance variation were investigated. The results showed that: (1) all waterfront green space reaches exhibited decreasing trends in microplastics abundance; (2) shape index and fractal dimension index were significantly positively correlated with microplastics abundance reduction, whereas circle index showed a significant negative correlation; and (3) a 0.1 increase in shape index was associated with a 12.64% increase in MPs abundance reduction, a 0.01 increase in fractal dimension index with a 6.47% increase, and a 0.1 decrease in circle index with a 10.85% increase. The results suggest that waterfront green space spatial morphology may exert potential impacts on microplastics abundance variation in urban rivers, providing references for waterfront green space optimization and urban microplastic pollution mitigation in planning and design practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128856"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic towns: Drivers of anticoagulant rodenticide exposure in an urban edge carnivore.","authors":"Gabriella R M Leighton, Jacqueline M Bishop, Pablo Camarero, Rafael Mateo, Laurel E K Serieys","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are used globally to control rodent populations; however, exposure of non-target wildlife is a growing conservation concern. Generalist predators are particularly vulnerable to both lethal and sublethal effects of ARs via bioaccumulation. Caracals (Caracal caracal) in and around Cape Town are attracted to forage on the urban edge, where they face AR exposure risk. We use generalized linear models to investigate the liver concentration and diversity of ARs in 102 caracals within a global biodiversity hotspot. We assess sex and age relationships, as well as their association with habitat types and urban features to identify exposure routes and landscape drivers of risk. Exposure patterns follow global trends in carnivores, with high exposure (78%) and a median of three compounds detected per individual, suggesting repeated, long-term exposure. Highly toxic second-generation compounds dominated the exposure profile. AR burdens varied across the population, peaking in older individuals, likely due to bioaccumulation and multiple exposure events. Caracals using more vegetated, greener urban areas with urban amenities such as food service outlets were more likely to be exposed and have higher AR diversity and concentrations. The sublethal effects of ARs are currently unknown for caracals; however, subadult caracals in poorer condition exhibited higher total rodenticide loads. ARs present a cryptic threat to urban wildlife populations already vulnerable to increasing habitat loss and anthropogenic sources of mortality. This study supports global trends suggesting targeted mitigation should include policies that reduce AR use, particularly for rodent control and food waste management near wildlife habitat.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128859"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal exposure to particulate matter during pregnancy and offspring liver function.","authors":"Ziyi Zhou, Bin Sun, Yudiyang Ma, Ning Chen, Haibo Li, Wenpu Shao, Rui Tang, Lei Zheng, Meiqi Xing, Xinru Zhao, Yibing Zhu, Yaohua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air pollution is associated with hepatic dysfunction, but the evidence in the early childhood remains limited. This study aimed to explore the associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter and offspring liver function, as indicated by serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in children aged 1-2 years. Based on the Fujian Birth Cohort Study (FJBCS), a total of 1046 mother-offspring pairs were analyzed in this study. Maternal mean exposures to PM₁, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were calculated for the entire gestational period and each of the three trimesters. Linear regression models were used and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were further applied to explore the exposure-response relationships. Distributed lag models (DLMs) were conducted to examine the weekly associations throughout pregnancy. Results show that positive associations were found between maternal exposure and offspring enzyme levels in the entire pregnancy as well as the second trimester alone. After adjustment, an interquartile range (IQR) increment in PM₁, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the second trimester was associated with increases in ALT by 1.42 (0.82-2.03) U/L, 1.41 (0.77-2.05) U/L, 0.91 (0.35-1.46) U/L, and in AST by 1.64 (1.00-2.29) U/L, 1.56 (0.88-2.23) U/L and 0.80 (0.21-1.39) U/L, respectively. DLM analyses further indicated that the associations were the most pronounced during the second trimester. Our findings suggest that maternal exposure to particulate matter is positively associated with increased levels of ALT and AST in offspring, with the second trimester representing a potentially sensitive period.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128835"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic exposure to environmentally relevant diazepam alters behaviour, gut microbiome, and offspring phenotype in zebrafish (Danio rerio).","authors":"Ting Xu, Yilin Huang, Guiling Yang, Wenqin Tu, Ting Luo, Dou Wang, Yuanxiang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread consumption and incomplete wastewater removal of the psychoactive drug diazepam (DZP) have led to its ubiquitous presence in aquatic environments, posing profound ecological risks. While the direct toxicity of DZP is well-documented, its chronic and mechanistic impacts, particularly those concerning the gut-brain axis and intergenerational effects on offspring, remain largely unexplored. To investigate the multigenerational toxicity of DZP, adult female zebrafish were chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (1 and 10 μg/L) for 28 days, and their offspring were subsequently collected. Our findings revealed that DZP exposure induced severe gut damage and disrupted the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in female zebrafish. This microecological dysbiosis was linked to impaired oocyte development and reduced brain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, culminating in reproductive dysfunction and abnormal neurobehavior. Crucially, these toxicological effects were maternally transferred to the offspring, which exhibited corresponding developmental abnormalities and neurobehavioral deficits. Overall, this study demonstrates that environmentally relevant concentrations of DZP exert covert but profound intergenerational toxicity, potentially mediated by disruptions in the gut-brain axis, making it highly necessary to establish stricter regulatory guidelines regarding the discharge of psychoactive drugs into water environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128837"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Heterogeneity of Microplastic Contamination in Coastal Surface Waters: A Case Study of 21 Stations in the Southern Caspian Sea, Iran.","authors":"Mohammad Gholizadeh, Alessandra Cera, Andi Kurniawan, Nurul Huda","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastic (MP) pollution poses significant threats to coastal ecosystems, yet data on its distribution in the southern Caspian Sea remain limited. This study provides one of the first comprehensive regional assessments of MP contamination in coastal surface waters along the Iranian Caspian coastline. Surface-water samples were collected from Gilan, Mazandaran, and Golestan provinces at three distances from the shoreline. MPs were extracted using density separation and oxidative digestion, characterized by stereomicroscopy and polymer-confirmed by FTIR-ATR. MPs were detected at all 21 sampling stations, with concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 1.30 MPs/L and a mean abundance of 0.24 0.05 MPs/L. MP abundance decreased significantly with increasing distance from shore (p < 0.001), indicating dominant land-based pollution sources. Mazandaran province exhibited the highest contamination levels, associated with intensive tourism and urbanization. Land-use analysis revealed that areas experiencing combined anthropogenic pressures had significantly greater MP abundance than single-activity areas. Fibers dominated particle morphology (73.4%), while polyethylene and polypropylene were the most abundant polymers, reflecting contributions from consumer plastics, packaging materials, and fishing-related activities. Multivariate analysis identified distinct pollution signatures associated with tourism, urbanization, and fisheries. These findings establish a critical baseline for future monitoring. Improved coastal waste management, tourism controls, and sustainable fishing practices are essential to mitigate MP pollution in this ecologically vulnerable inland sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"129322"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and postpartum new-onset hypertension: Mediating role of systemic inflammation indicators.","authors":"Qian Liao, Huishen Huang, Rongrui Huo, Jun Liang, Xiaoqiang Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum blood pressure (BP) is strongly associated with increased cardiovascular risk for women. However, evidence concerning the relationship between prenatal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and postpartum new-onset hypertension (PNH) is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and PNH risk and to assess the potential mediating role of systemic inflammation indicators in these associations. A total of 826 pregnant women from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China with complete PFAS measurement and routine blood test data during early pregnancy, along with BP monitoring during the 7-day and 42-day postpartum follow-up visits, were included. Associations with PNH risk were assessed using restricted cubic splines and logistic regression for individual PFAS exposure and a Bayesian kernel machine and weighted quantile sum regression for PFAS mixture exposure. Furthermore, a simple mediation analysis was performed to estimate the proportion of effects mediated by systemic inflammation indicators (NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, and PIV). Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) was positively associated with PNH risk according to single-exposure analyses. PFAS mixtures also showed positive associations, with PFBS as the main contributor. The NLR (5.5%), SII (9.8%), SIRI (7.6%), and PIV (11.2%) partially mediated the positive association of individual PFBS exposure with PNH risk, and SII (8.5%), SIRI (6.3%), and PIV (9.6%) partially mediated the positive association of the PFAS mixture with PNH risk. In summary, prenatal exposure to PFAS, especially PFBS, is associated with an increased risk of PNH, partially through systemic inflammation activation. These findings highlight short-chain PFAS as potential novel risk factors for long-term cardiovascular health in women. Future research should specifically investigate inflammation-related signaling pathways linking prenatal PFAS exposure to PNH, as these findings may provide a basis for targeted interventions and mechanistic insights.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128578"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the exposure of Spanish children and adolescents to bisphenols and parabens using dietary and human biomonitoring data.","authors":"Patricia González-Palacios, Moustapha Sy, Thomas Tietz, Claudia Lorenz, Ralph Pirow, Vega Almazán-Fernández de Bobadilla, Ana Rivas, Alberto Zafra-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bisphenols A and S (BPA, BPS) and methylparaben (MetPB) are considered endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The development of approaches for more realistic estimation of exposure to these EDCs is crucial for understanding the extent of the actual burden in the population. Dietary exposure to BPA, BPS, and MetPB in Spanish children (3-12 years old) was estimated using 3 different approaches. The 24-h dietary recall (R24h) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used, together with reverse dosimetry applied to human biomonitoring (HBM) data to calculate daily intake (DI). Based on R24h and FFQ, average daily intakes for a total of 389 children were estimated to be 211/344, 148/469 and 3443/6185 ng·kg^-1 per day for BPA, BPS and MetPB, respectively. Substantially lower values (56, 17 and 685 ng·kg^-1 per day) were estimated from HBM data for BPA, BPS and MetPB, respectively. Based on R24h and DI-derived exposure estimates for BPA, the proportion of the population exceeding the EFSA TDI was 98.7 % and 100 %, respectively. In contrast, 38.6 % (R24h) and 3.9 % (DI) of the study population were observed to exceed the BfR TDI. The present study provides novel data on exposure to bisphenols and parabens using three complementary approaches: FFQ, R24h and HBM. Overall, R24h and FFQ yielded comparable exposure values; however, differences between methods should be interpreted in consideration of their distinct methodological assumptions and temporal representativeness. In contrast, HBM may not fully capture daily dietary intake due to its reliance on a single spot urine sample instead of a 24h sample. Further studies on exposure should be conducted in order to gather more data for comparison.</p>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":" ","pages":"128801"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}