Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Refinement of vehicle emission factor estimation in tunnel experiments using CFD and field measurement","authors":"Xiaoyu Liang,&nbsp;Jianfei Peng,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Jinsheng Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Wu,&nbsp;Hongjun Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tunnel experiments are widely used to determine fleet-average vehicle emission factors (EFs) under real-world conditions. However, limited sampling locations often lead to inaccuracies due to spatial heterogeneity in wind and pollutant dispersion. This study integrates CFD modeling with tunnel measurements to quantify and correct such errors. Simulations reveal that EFs derived from field measurements alone can be underestimated by up to 40 %, particularly under low traffic density and weak natural wind conditions. The estimated correction schemes for EFs were evaluated and validated using practical case studies. The results showed that the average EFs of NOx, CO, and PM_2.5 for the tunnel fleet were underestimated by approximately 24.50, 161.66, and 3.33 mg km⁻¹·veh⁻¹, respectively. Although the corrected EFs for diesel vehicles remain significantly higher than those for petrol vehicles, their relative contribution to the fleet-average EFs is notably reduced. The CFD analysis also highlights that external atmospheric conditions strongly influence internal tunnel flows, especially within 200 m of the entrance, offering valuable guidance for tunnel siting and sampling strategies. This study enhances the reliability of tunnel-derived EFs and supports the standardization of tunnel experiment protocols, contributing to more accurate emission inventories and targeted air quality management policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126835"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of cadmium and microplastics on Neocaridina denticulata sinensis: Survival, growth, biochemistry, histopathology and gut microbiome","authors":"Chunyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiongfei Wang ,&nbsp;Yakun Song ,&nbsp;Shangpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zixuan Wu ,&nbsp;Yuke Bu ,&nbsp;Hongrui Li ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuying Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxicological interactions between microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) in aquatic life have received extensive attention. However, the mechanism of combined toxicity is still unclear, and most studies have focused on high-concentration stress, while there are relatively few studies on long-term low-concentration stress and the self-recovery ability of organisms. In this research, <em>Neocaridina denticulata sinensis</em> were exposed to low and high concentration of MPs (L-MPs: 2 × 10⁴ item/L, H-MPs: 2 × 10⁷ item/L, environmental concentration: 20 item/L), Cd (1 μg/L) and their combination (Cd + L-MPs, Cd + H-MPs) for 14 d, and then recovered in a clean environment for 7 d. This study indicates that MPs and Cd may enhance toxic effects through the following pathways: (1) Synergistic physical and chemical damage: MPs may act as a Cd carrier, promoting the migration of metal ions across the gill barrier and inducing oxidative stress in the hepatopancreas; (2) Tissue barrier disruption: MPs mechanically wears down the tissue cells of the intestine, hepatopancreas and gills; (3) Imbalance of gut microbiota: The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the abundance of potential beneficial bacteria (<em>ZOR006</em>, <em>Aurantimicrobium</em>, <em>Chitinibacter</em> and <em>Pseudorhodobacter</em>) has decreased. The abundance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria (<em>Flavobacterium</em> and <em>Polynucleobacter</em>) has increased. After 7 d of recovery, the indicators of oxidative damage and the diversity of the microbiota returned to the levels of the control, indicating that <em>N</em>. <em>denticulata sinensis</em> have a certain self-repair ability against the stress of long-term low-concentration MPs and Cd.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126829"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of hibernation on the bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in frogs (Rana tigrina cantor) via skin exposure","authors":"Chu-Hong Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Luo ,&nbsp;Ke-Lan Guan ,&nbsp;Jian Guo ,&nbsp;Peng-Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Yan-Hong Zeng ,&nbsp;Bi-Xian Mai","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, maternal transfer and effects of hibernation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in frogs via skin exposure. Relationships between toxicokinetic parameters, such as assimilation efficiencies and depuration rate constants of PFASs, and carbon chain length were revealed, indicating a high bioaccumulation potential for PFASs with longer carbon chains. Eggs were the main site for the deposition of perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and C9 − C16 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), whereas the carcass was the primary organ for C4 − C8 PFCAs. More than 80 % of the total body burden of some PFASs was maternally transported to the eggs. Hibernation inhibited the development of eggs in frogs, reduced the elimination rate of PFASs and resulted in bioamplification factors (a concentration increase caused by weight loss and/or a decrease in elimination rate) of 1.79 and 2.70 for total PFSAs and PFCAs, respectively. The bioamplification of PFASs in maternal tissues or organs was mainly caused by a decreased elimination rate, whereas in eggs, it was primarily caused by weight loss. The liver tended to retain more PFASs during hibernation, which might have been related to the physiological impact of hibernation on circulation. To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the mechanisms responsible for PFAS bioamplification in different tissues. The results of the present study are significant for understanding the bioaccumulation and toxic effects of PFASs in oviparous animals during the hibernation of physiological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126842"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) thermal decomposition behaviours: Evolutionary mechanisms of main pyrolysis products","authors":"Shi Yan ,&nbsp;Yang Long ,&nbsp;Liming Tai ,&nbsp;Yan Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinbao Huang ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiankai Ou ,&nbsp;Wenjing Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (TBBPA-DBPE), as a new type of flame retardant, is widely used in electronic equipment. During its degradation process, some toxic brominated compounds can be produced and released into the environment, causing great harm to human health and the ecological environment. There are relatively few in-depth theoretical studies on the pyrolysis mechanism of TBBPA-DBPE, therefore, the evolution mechanism of thermal degradation products of TBBPA-DBPE is studied in detail by using the density functional theory method in this paper. The calculation results of bond dissociation energy (BDE) show that, in the initial reaction, the value of BDE required for ether bond cleavage is the lowest, followed by C₂-Br bond and C-CH₃ bond cleavage, and the required BDEs are 271.2 kJ/mol, 281.0 kJ/mol, and 305.0 kJ/mol, respectively. The unimolecular elimination of hydrogen bromide (HBr) is the main reaction in the concerted reaction, and the breaking of ether bonds is the main competitive reaction, leading to the formations of 3-bromopropene, 2,3-bromopropene, and tetrabromobisphenol-A. The participation reactions of hydrogen radicals mainly involve abstract reactions and substitution reactions, and HBr is mainly derived from the abstraction reaction, which has a lower reaction energy barrier (14.9–29.6 kJ/mol). Substitution reactions are mainly the substitution of bromine radicals by hydrogen radicals, and the activation energy required for substitution reactions on the benzene ring is lower than that on the propyl group. The main pyrolysis brominated products are HBr, 1,2,3-tribromopropane, 2,3-dibromopropane, 3-bromopropene, bromophenol. The results of this study are conducive to deepening the understanding of the evolution mechanism of TBBPA-DBPE during the thermal process and effectively controlling the emissions of harmful pollutants such as bromine-containing products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126838"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon aggravates high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through disturbing hepatocyte sphingolipid metabolism","authors":"Hui-Ru Kuo ,&nbsp;Yu-Fen Chung ,&nbsp;Li-Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Chih-Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Shih-Hsien Hsu ,&nbsp;Li-Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Ming-Hong Lin ,&nbsp;Shau-Ku Huang ,&nbsp;Kwei-Yan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common chronic liver condition, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a potential risk factor; however, the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. PAH exposure oxidizes sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase (S1PL) at position 317, reducing lyase activity and increasing S1P levels which is linked to MASLD progression. This study investigates how PAH exposure influences MASLD development and explores the role of S1PL and S1P in this process. C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and mutant <em>Sgpl1</em>-knock-in (KI) (C317A, rendering resistance to oxidation) were fed either control diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. Mice were treated with 500 μg/kg indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IP) every three days by oral gavage. Hepatocytes were isolated using classic two-step collagenase perfusion method and treated with IP or S1P. Increased lipid accumulation and upregulated S1P levels were observed in the MPH upon IP treatment. Reduced weight gain, fatty liver, and serum S1P levels were observed in <em>Sgpl1</em>-KI mice compared to those of WT mice upon HFD and IP treatments. Inhibition of S1PL increased lipid accumulation and S1P levels in <em>Sgpl1</em>-KI MPHs, whereas pharmacological inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), not SPHK2, decreased IP-induced lipid accumulation and S1P levels in WT MPH. S1P receptor 2 (<em>S1</em><em>pr</em><em>2</em>)-null MPHs developed alleviated IP-induced lipid accumulation as compared with WT MPHs. PAH elevated S1P via SphK1- and S1PL-mediated pathways, thereby increasing lipid accumulation through the S1P/S1PR2 axis in hepatocytes, worsening HFD-induced MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126846"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs): A comparison between home and school microenvironments and inter-individual variations","authors":"Haichao Wang ,&nbsp;Renjie Bian ,&nbsp;William A. Stubbings ,&nbsp;Shaorui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoors human exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) remains unclear when considering the microenvironment and inter-individual differences. This study compares children's exposure to OPEs at school with at home using silicone wristbands and elucidates the internal exposure difference in OPEs between children and adults living in the same household. Silicone wristbands worn by 24 children and one of their parents (24 adults) for 5 consecutive days were collected for analyzing12 tri-OPEs. Early morning-void urine samples on the 3rd, 4th, 5th day over the five-day study were also collected for analyzing 6 di-OPEs. The results show that children have higher exposure to tri-OPEs at school than at home, with the geomeans of tri-OPEs being 55 and 12 ng/g/h in wristbands, respectively. The tri-OPE profile in wristbands is dominated by TCIPP and TPHP for both children and adults. While BCEP is the most abundant urinary metabolites in all urine samples. No significant differences in OPE external and internal exposures between children and adults are apparent for most OPE congeners, reflected by the comparable tri-OPEs in wristbands and urinary di-OPEs metabolites concentrations between children and adults. Wristband-OPEs are generally not significantly associated with their specific metabolites in urine samples. Our findings further the understanding on OPE exposures in indoor environments and OPE internal exposures between individuals under the same exposure scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126839"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzotriazole (BT) and benzothiazole (BTH) derivatives as emerging marine pollutants in the Pearl River Estuary: Spatiotemporal distribution, environmental fates, and ecological risks","authors":"Xiaoxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Qianyi Huang ,&nbsp;Rui Hou ,&nbsp;Shan Liu ,&nbsp;Hengxiang Li ,&nbsp;Tiantian Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The estuarine environment is a complex and dynamic ecosystem in the transition zone where rivers meet the sea. However, information on the distribution, fate, and risks of novel organic ultraviolet filters and stabilizers (OUVs) in estuaries remains limited. In this study, the occurrence of benzotriazole (BT) and benzothiazole (BTH) derivatives in seawater, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediments in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) was analysed. The total concentrations of both types of derivatives were much lower than those of their parent compounds in all the samples. 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-phenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole (UV-326) and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5-TTri) were the main contributors to the total occurrence of BT derivatives in seawater, whereas UV-326 and 5-chloro-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-327) emerged as significant derivatives in sediments. 2-mercapto-benzothiazole (2-SH-BTH) and 2-thiocyanomethylthio-benzothiazole (2-SCNMeS-BTH) were the most important BTH derivatives in seawater and sediments, respectively. The mass balance modelling results indicated that riverine and coastal discharges serve as the primary input pathways for BT derivatives (1.50 × 10⁴ and 8.29 × 10³ kg/yr in summer and winter, respectively) and BTH derivatives (1.32 × 10⁴ and 9.46 × 10³ kg/yr in summer and winter, respectively) into the PRE. Moreover, outputs to the outer ocean play a decisive role in determining their main fates, with contributions ranging from 69.3 % to 84.3 %. The sedimentation and degradation of BT and BTH derivatives were not the primary sinks in seawater, suggesting that the estuary cannot serve as a significant barrier for these land-based pollutants. The risk quotient (RQ) results indicated that 2-SCNMeS-BTH has a moderate ecological risk (RQ of 0.105) in sediments, whereas all other BTs and BTHs have a relatively low risk (RQ &lt; 0.1). This investigation offers pivotal insights into the environmental behaviours and ecological impacts of emerging marine pollutants within estuarine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126840"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplified toxic effects of nanoplastic composite norfloxacin on liver cells in mice: Mechanistic insights and multiscale evaluation","authors":"Hengyu Song ,&nbsp;Guidong Gao ,&nbsp;Yanmei Lei ,&nbsp;Qun Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Li ,&nbsp;Shuqi Guo ,&nbsp;Yuntao Qi ,&nbsp;Tingting Wang ,&nbsp;Shaoyang Hu ,&nbsp;Rutao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concomitant presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and antibiotics in environmental matrices demands urgent investigation into their combined toxicity, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we employed a multiscale strategy to clarify the combined toxicity and mechanisms of NPs and norfloxacin (NOR) in primary murine hepatocytes. Specifically, co-exposure triggered a 59.0 % reduction in cell viability, exceeding individual treatments (NOR alone: 43.2 %), while amplifying intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 60.1 % compared to individual NOR treatment. NPs promoted NOR bioaccumulation via carrier-mediated transport, thereby aggravating oxidative imbalance through SOD suppression (24.3 % inhibition) and lipid peroxidation (48.3 % MDA elevation). Molecular analyses revealed NPs-NOR complexes destabilized the secondary structure of CAT, increasing <em>α</em>-Helix (2.2 %) content, and docking simulations identified NOR binding to residues. These findings mechanistically link NPs-antibiotic interactions to amplified toxicity via oxidative stress and conformational disruption, highlighting NPs as critical modulators of pollutant bioavailability. This work advances predictive frameworks for composite toxicity, underscores the need to prioritize risk assessment of co-contaminants in environmental and biomedical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126837"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downstream water quality impacts persist despite mountaintop coal mine reclamation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains","authors":"Colin A. Cooke ,&nbsp;Craig A. Emmerton ,&nbsp;William F. Donahue ,&nbsp;Jason G. Kerr","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reclamation is a requirement of mountaintop coal mines. Many jurisdictions require a return to predevelopment condition or to equivalencies based on unimpacted (i.e., upstream) reaches. Here we summarize decades of government and industry water quality monitoring and research spanning the onset, operation, closure, and reclamation of three Rocky Mountain coal mines in Alberta, Canada. The mines all occur within the McLeod River basin, offering opportunities to examine cumulative inputs and impacts. Selenium concentrations remain elevated and above guidelines for the protection of aquatic life decades after mine closure and reclamation despite regulatory requirements for the opposite. But the water quality impacts extended beyond selenium. Higher concentrations of a broad suite of both solutes and particle-bound heavy metals were noted downstream of all three mines, with impacts most obvious in Luscar Creek and Gregg River – tributaries to the McLeod River. After decades of coal extraction, changing regulatory requirements, and near complete reclamation of one coal mine, water quality remains negatively impacted with higher concentrations of ions, nutrients, and metals downstream of coal mines. These results suggest current reclamation practices and regulatory requirements for water quality and aquatic ecosystems are not meeting the desired objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126841"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathway to carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry of China: a LEAP-China-IS model assessment","authors":"Yueqing Gu ,&nbsp;Chongchao Pan ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu ,&nbsp;Zeyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Man Huang ,&nbsp;Wenchao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world's largest steel producer, China faces mounting pressure to decarbonize its iron and steel industry, a major contributor to national emissions. This study integrates a top-down dynamic material flow analysis with bottom-up LEAP model to forecast the sector's carbon emissions through 2060 under multiple scenarios. Three macro-scenarios are evaluated—Baseline, Low-carbon, and Carbon neutrality, alongside five sub-scenarios—changes in production structure, energy efficiency, resource utilization, near-zero metallurgical technologies, and energy structure. The results indicate that total carbon emissions under the three scenarios will reach 949, 691, and 104 Mt CO₂, respectively, by 2060. In the carbon neutrality scenario, blast furnace energy consumption decreases significantly, while hydrogen metallurgy increases. Among the sub-scenarios, reducing crude steel production contributes 30.9 % to emissions reductions, while energy efficiency improvements contribute 2.8 %. Despite full deployment of hydrogen metallurgy and CCUS, residual emissions remain at 104 Mt CO₂ by 2060, necessitating carbon credit purchases to achieve net-zero. These findings highlight the limitations of technological solutions alone and call for integrated policy measures balancing production demand, innovation diffusion, and market mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 126834"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}