SPIE Photomask Technology最新文献

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The behavior of substrate dependency as surface treatment in the positive chemically amplified resist 化学放大抗蚀剂表面处理中基质依赖性的行为
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-30 DOI: 10.1117/12.746652
Sin-Ju Yang, H. Cha, Juhyun Kang, Chul-Kyu Yang, Jinhyeok Ahn, K. Nam
{"title":"The behavior of substrate dependency as surface treatment in the positive chemically amplified resist","authors":"Sin-Ju Yang, H. Cha, Juhyun Kang, Chul-Kyu Yang, Jinhyeok Ahn, K. Nam","doi":"10.1117/12.746652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746652","url":null,"abstract":"Positive chemically amplified resist (CAR) is widely used because of its benefit to high resolution in the semiconductor industry. Recent numerous studies have reported that resist pattern error such as resist scum and adhesion fail at the interface between substrate and positive CAR is caused by substrate dependency. Hence resist pattern error must be minimized. In this study we have observed the phenomena at the positive CAR coated mask blanks. And then we applied various surface treatments to the Cr film to minimize resist pattern error. Firstly, resist pattern error was occurred by the substrate dependency in the positive CAR coated mask blanks. We have investigated the root causes of this pattern error, we found that nitrogen radical and OH radical in the Cr film could combine with proton in the positive CAR easily. So various surface treatments were applied to minimize detrimental effects of substrate dependency to the positive CAR. And the behavior of substrate dependency was observed by various analyses to verify the effect of surface treatment method. The results showed that substrate dependency could be controlled by surface treatment in the positive CAR coated mask blanks.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132471484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimating DPL photomask fabrication load compared with single exposure 估计DPL光掩模制造负荷与单次曝光的比较
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-30 DOI: 10.1117/12.746982
Nobuhito Toyama, Yuichi Inazuki, T. Sutou, Takaharu Nagai, Yasutaka Morikawa, H. Mohri, N. Hayashi, Judy A. Huckabay, Yoshikuni Abe
{"title":"Estimating DPL photomask fabrication load compared with single exposure","authors":"Nobuhito Toyama, Yuichi Inazuki, T. Sutou, Takaharu Nagai, Yasutaka Morikawa, H. Mohri, N. Hayashi, Judy A. Huckabay, Yoshikuni Abe","doi":"10.1117/12.746982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746982","url":null,"abstract":"DPL (Double Patterning Lithography) has been identified as one of major candidates for 45nm and 32nm HP since ITRS2006update and several reports of the performance or challenges of DPL have been published. DPL requires at least two photomasks with tighter specification of image placement and the difference of mean to target according to ITRS2006update. On the other hand, approximately half of whole features of single layer are written on each photomask and the densest features are split into other photomask in consequence of pitch relaxation for DPL. Then the photomask writing data of two sets for DPL and single data for single exposure are evaluated for photomask fabrication load. The design will be automatically decomposed with EDA tool and OPC will be tuned as DPL or single exposure. Not only number of fractured features but also feasibility study of automatic decomposition will be presented and discussed. The consequences of relaxed pitch on process, inspection, repair, yield, MEEF and cycle time will be discussed with results as available.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125293390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A pragmatic approach to high sensitivity defect inspection in the presence of mask process variability 一个实用的方法,以高灵敏度缺陷检测的存在掩模过程可变性
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-25 DOI: 10.1117/12.746567
S. Han, Jin Hyung Park, Dong-Hoon Chung, S. Woo, Han-ku Cho, David Kim, Chunlin Chen, K. Park, Gregg Inderhees
{"title":"A pragmatic approach to high sensitivity defect inspection in the presence of mask process variability","authors":"S. Han, Jin Hyung Park, Dong-Hoon Chung, S. Woo, Han-ku Cho, David Kim, Chunlin Chen, K. Park, Gregg Inderhees","doi":"10.1117/12.746567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746567","url":null,"abstract":"As design rules continue to shrink towards 4x nm, there are increase usage of aggressive Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) in reticle manufacturing. One of the most challenging aggressive OPCs is Sub Resolution Assist Feature (SRAF) such as scattering and anti-scattering bars typically used to overlap isolated and dense feature process windows. These SRAF features are sub-resolution in that these features intentionally do not resolve on the printed wafer. Many reticle manufacturers struggle to write these SRAFs with consistent edge quality even the most advanced E-Beam writers and processes due to resolution limitations. Consequently, this inconsistent writing gives reticle inspection challenges. Large numbers of such nuisance defects can dominate the inspection and impose an extraordinarily high burden on the operator reviewing these defects. One method to work around inconsistent assist feature edge quality or line-end shortening is to adjust the mask inspection system so that there is a substantial sensitivity decrease in order to achieve good inspectability, which then compromises the sensitivity for the defects on main geometries. Modern defect inspection tools offer multiple modes of operation that can be effectively applied to optimize defect sensitivity in the presence of SRAF feature variability. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advance inspection methods and modes such as die to database selective thinline desense, transmitted & reflected light inspections, review system and die to die selective desense to increase inspectability and usable sensitivity using challenging production and R&D masks. Key learnings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114472476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Inspection results for 32nm logic and sub-50nm half-pitch memory reticles using the TeraScanHR 使用TeraScanHR检测32nm逻辑和50nm以下半间距存储器线的结果
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-25 DOI: 10.1117/12.747295
Jean-Paul Sier, William H. Broadbent, F. Mirzaagha, Paul Yu
{"title":"Inspection results for 32nm logic and sub-50nm half-pitch memory reticles using the TeraScanHR","authors":"Jean-Paul Sier, William H. Broadbent, F. Mirzaagha, Paul Yu","doi":"10.1117/12.747295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.747295","url":null,"abstract":"Results from the recently available TeraScanHR reticle inspection system were published in early 2007. These results showed excellent inspection capability for 45nm logic and 5xnm half-pitch memory advanced production reticles, thus meeting the industry need for the mid-2007 start of production. The system has been in production use since that time. In early 2007, some evidence was shown of capability to inspect reticles for the next nodes, 32nm logic and sub-50nm half-pitch memory, but the results were incomplete due to the limited availability of such reticles. However, more of these advanced reticles have become available since that time. Inspection results of these advanced reticles from various leading edge reticle manufacturers using the TeraScanHR are shown. These results indicate that the system has the capability to provide the needed inspection sensitivity for continued development work to support the industry roadmap.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114466779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Mask inspection method for 45nm node device 45nm节点器件掩模检测方法
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-25 DOI: 10.1117/12.746864
Sunghyun Oh, Yongkyoo Choi, Daeho Hwang, Goomin Jeong, O. Han
{"title":"Mask inspection method for 45nm node device","authors":"Sunghyun Oh, Yongkyoo Choi, Daeho Hwang, Goomin Jeong, O. Han","doi":"10.1117/12.746864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746864","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity of newly developed photo mask inspection tool with reflective optic was evaluated for 45nm DRAM device. To get the required defect sensitivity of mask, printability of mask defect on wafer were simulated using in house simulation tool. Simulation results were compared with inspection results. Characteristic and sensitivity comparison between conventional transmissive and reflective optic tools were evaluated for several types of mask layer of 45nm and 55nm DRAM according to pixel size of detector of inspection tools. This reflective optic with short working distance was equivalent in sensitivity to transmissive optic tool. Mask for 45nm DRAM can be qualified by current status of the art inspection tools.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125009880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Compensating for image placement errors induced during the fabrication and chucking of EUVL masks 补偿在制造和夹紧EUVL掩模期间引起的图像放置误差
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-24 DOI: 10.1117/12.752601
R. Engelstad, J. Sohn, A. Mikkelson, M. Nataraju, K. Turner
{"title":"Compensating for image placement errors induced during the fabrication and chucking of EUVL masks","authors":"R. Engelstad, J. Sohn, A. Mikkelson, M. Nataraju, K. Turner","doi":"10.1117/12.752601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.752601","url":null,"abstract":"With the stringent requirements on image placement (IP) errors in the sub-65-nm regime, all sources of mask distortion during fabrication and usage must be minimized or corrected. For extreme ultraviolet lithography, the nonflatness of the mask is critical as well, due to the nontelecentric illumination during exposure. This paper outlines a procedure to predict the IP errors induced on the mask during the fabrication processing, e-beam tool chucking, and exposure tool chucking. Finite element (FE) models are used to simulate the out-of-plane and in-plane distortions at each load step. The FE results are compiled to produce a set of Correction Tables that can be implemented during e-beam writing to compensate for these distortions and significantly increase IP accuracy. A previous version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the European Mask and Lithography Conference (EMLC), SPIE, 6533, 653314 (2007). The paper has been updated, retitled, and published here as a result of winning the Best Paper Award at the EMLC.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127652742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Advanced mask particle cleaning solutions 先进的掩膜颗粒清洁解决方案
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-05 DOI: 10.1117/12.746748
Tod E. Robinson, Andrew Dinsdale, Ron Bozak, Bernie Arruza
{"title":"Advanced mask particle cleaning solutions","authors":"Tod E. Robinson, Andrew Dinsdale, Ron Bozak, Bernie Arruza","doi":"10.1117/12.746748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746748","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of trends in lithography technology necessitate the use of smaller, higher aspect, patterns on photomasks which are increasingly sensitive to traditional cleaning processes. Particle defects are of increasing concern since, in deep and even overhanging structures, they can become fixed to the surface with such strength that any traditional cleaning technique would destroy any small, high-aspect, mask structures. A series of advanced new solutions are presented here which have been shown to remove these types of problem particles as applied to 45 nm node nanomachining mask repair with a RAVE nm450 system. In the first method, a cryogenic cleaning system is modified to greatly enhance selective removal of nanoparticles from high aspect structures. In the second method, the nm450 repair tool itself is applied to selectively remove targeted particles from a nanoscale area of the mask surface thus only affecting the region of interest and not touching any sensitive surrounding surfaces or structures.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127160326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Impact of mask absorber properties on printability in EUV lithography 极紫外光刻中掩膜吸收性能对印刷适性的影响
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-05 DOI: 10.1117/12.746550
T. Kamo, H. Aoyama, Toshihiko Tanaka, Osamu Suga
{"title":"Impact of mask absorber properties on printability in EUV lithography","authors":"T. Kamo, H. Aoyama, Toshihiko Tanaka, Osamu Suga","doi":"10.1117/12.746550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746550","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of mask absorber properties on printability in EUV lithography was studied from the viewpoint of lithographic requirements which can give high imaging contrast and reduce the shadowing effect. By using the refractive indices of the elements and compounds employed as absorbers, their reflectivity on multilayer blanks, aerial image on wafer plane and printed CDs depending on absorber thicknesses were simulated. This predicted an optimum Ta-based absorber's thickness. Several patterned masks of LR-TaBN absorber with various thicknesses were prepared. Each patterned mask was exposed with the newly developed small-field-exposure-tool (SFET). It was demonstrated that optimized absorber thickness can, without loss of printability performance, reduce CD difference between horizontal and vertical pattern that has been known to be caused by shadowing effect.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121988291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
A method to determine the origin of remaining particles after mask blank cleaning 一种确定掩模空白清洗后残留颗粒来源的方法
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-05 DOI: 10.1117/12.746798
V. Kapila, S. Eichenlaub, A. Rastegar, A. John, Pat Marmillion
{"title":"A method to determine the origin of remaining particles after mask blank cleaning","authors":"V. Kapila, S. Eichenlaub, A. Rastegar, A. John, Pat Marmillion","doi":"10.1117/12.746798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.746798","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is a strong contender for the 32 nm generation and beyond. A defect-free mask substrate is an absolute necessity for manufacturing EUV mask blanks. The mask blank substrates are, therefore, cleaned with different cleaning processes to remove all defects down to 30 nm. However, cleaning suffers from the defects added by various sources such as the fab environment, chemicals, ultra pure water, and the cleaning process itself. The charge state of the substrate during and after cleaning also contributes to the number of adder defects on the substrate. The zeta potentials on the substrate surface and the defect particles generated during the cleaning process determine whether the particles get deposited on the surface. The zeta potential of particle or substrate surfaces depends on the pH of the cleaning fluids. Therefore, in this work, pH-zeta potential maps are generated for quartz substrates during the various steps of mask cleaning processes. The pH-zeta potential maps for defect particles commonly seen on mask substrates are measured separately. The zeta potential maps of substrate and contaminant particle surfaces are used to determine whether particles are attracted to or repulsed from the substrate. In practice, this technique is especially powerful for deriving information about the origin of particles added during a cleaning process. For example, for a known adder with a negative zeta potential, all cleaning steps with a positive zeta potential substrate could be the source of added particles.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"46 24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124666386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The impact of mask photoresist develop on critical dimension parameters 掩膜光刻胶显影对关键尺寸参数的影响
SPIE Photomask Technology Pub Date : 2007-10-05 DOI: 10.1117/12.747605
Adam C. Smith, D. Sullivan, K. Sugawara, Y. Okawa
{"title":"The impact of mask photoresist develop on critical dimension parameters","authors":"Adam C. Smith, D. Sullivan, K. Sugawara, Y. Okawa","doi":"10.1117/12.747605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.747605","url":null,"abstract":"As the tolerances for photomask Critical Dimension (CD) become smaller, more focus has been placed on all processes and their contribution to final mask CD. One key contributor to final mask feature dimensions is the resist develop process and it is the focus of this work. We have studied different resist develop methods to determine optimum process conditions for 45 nm critical photomasks. In searching for the optimum conditions, special consideration was made to study the influence of pattern density effects. We focused on variations in the develop nozzle. Results of the nozzles' impact on pattern density and long range pattern density effects will be presented, for both positive and negative chemically-amplified resists. A characterization of the repeatability of the processes will be presented as well.","PeriodicalId":308777,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Photomask Technology","volume":"6 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129488013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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