European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education最新文献

{"title":"Reduced Income and Its Associations with Physical Inactivity, Unhealthy Habits, and Cardiac Complications in the Hypertensive Population.","authors":"Lucía Carrasco-Marcelo, Damián Pereira-Payo, María Mendoza-Muñoz, Raquel Pastor-Cisneros","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080153","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: A low socioeconomic status significantly increases the risk of hypertension and its associated cardiovascular diseases due to limited access to healthcare and may be even more accentuated by the presence of unhealthy lifestyle habits. The aim of the present research was to study if associations exist between having a family income under the poverty threshold and having an unhealthy diet, being physically inactive, being an alcohol drinker, perceiving one's own health as bad, and suffering from congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or stroke. Additionally, the odds ratios of having these unhealthy habits and of suffering from the abovementioned cardiac complications of participants under the poverty threshold were calculated. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2020. The sample comprised 6120 adults with hypertension (3188 males and 2932 females). A descriptive analysis and non-parametric chi-squared tests were used to study the associations. A binary logistic regression model and backward LR method were used to calculate the odds ratios, normalized by age and sex. (3) Results: The chi-squared test showed associations between having a family income under the poverty threshold and being physically inactive (<i>p</i> < 0.001), having an unhealthy diet (<i>p</i> < 0.001), being an alcohol drinker (<i>p</i> < 0.001), perceiving one's own health as bad (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and suffering from congestive heart failure (<i>p</i> = 0.002), heart attack (<i>p</i> = 0.001), or stroke (<i>p</i> = 0.02). A significantly increased odds ratio for these unhealthy habits and cardiac complications, and also for having coronary heart disease and angina pectoris, were found for hypertension sufferers under the poverty threshold. (4) Conclusions: It was confirmed that having a family income under the poverty threshold is associated with perceiving one's own health as bad, having a series of negative habits in terms of physical activity, diet, and alcohol consumption, and with suffering from congestive heart failure, heart attack, or stroke. Increased odds ratios for these unhealthy habits and these conditions, plus coronary heart disease and angina pectoris, were found for hypertension sufferers under the poverty threshold.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2300-2313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Reliability to Assess the Perception of Women's Fulfillment of Maternity Rights.","authors":"Claudia Susana Silva-Fernández, María de la Calle, Paul Anthony Camacho, Silvia M Arribas, Eva Garrosa, David Ramiro-Cortijo","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080150","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fulfillment of rights to maternal healthcare is a key factor for the wellbeing of women. However, there is a lack of an instrument to ascertain the experience of women during maternity to enable adequate monitoring. The aim of this study was to validate a new instrument to measure women's perception of the fulfillment of rights during healthcare in pregnancy and childbirth and immediately postpartum. The initial version of the instrument consists of 50 items and was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, the final version of the instrument consists of 29 items and was validated by confirmatory factor analysis and known-group validity. The instrument was applied to 185 Spanish women. The global Aiken's V of the initial instrument proposal was 0.89. The process resulted in an instrument with five factors (information, privacy, consent, support, and participation) that explained the 60% of the total variance. The score of the instrument was correlated with resilience, maternity beliefs, and positive and negative affect. External validation showed relations with age, gravida, and the number of times a woman has been in labor. Additionally, the Cronbach's α reliability was 0.93 [0.91; 0.94]. In conclusion, the instrument developed is consistent and has appropriate psychometric properties for assessing the fulfillment rights of maternity healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2248-2261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress and Mental Health in a Sample of University Students: The Mediating Role of Resilience and Psychological Well-Being.","authors":"Sílvia Ala, Francisco Ramos-Campos, Inês Carvalho Relva","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080151","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most stressful events in recent times across the world. The long-term effect of these experiences raises several concerns, including the development of post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. The aim of this study was to explore the association of emotional exhaustion and anxiety in post-traumatic stress symptomatology, and the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-being in university students. A total of 526 university students of both sexes participated in this study, and they were aged between 17 and 62 years old. Symptoms of anxiety and emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in females, in contrast, males showed on average more resilience and psychological well-being. Additionally, participants with COVID-19 infection had higher levels of emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and PTSD. The results indicated that the variables were correlated with each other (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A conceptual model was confirmed that describes anxiety and emotional exhaustion as predictors, post-traumatic stress symptomatology as an outcome variable, and resilience and psychological well-being as mediators. Resilience and psychological well-being can be important protective factors for adaptive responses in stressful situations. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis for designing targeted interventions to improve psychological health, whether for crisis intervention, the process of adapting to higher education, or for recovery plans from psychological trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2262-2281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teachers' Heart Rate Variability and Behavioral Reactions in Aggressive Interactions: Teachers Can Downregulate Their Physiological Arousal, and Progesterone Favors Social Integrative Teacher Responses.","authors":"Alexander Wettstein, Sonja Krähling, Gabriel Jenni, Ida Schneider, Fabienne Kühne, Martin Grosse Holtforth, Roberto La Marca","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080149","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aggressive student behavior is considered one of the main risk factors for teacher stress. The present study investigated teachers' physiological and behavioral reactions when facing aggressive student behavior and examined which resources favor adaptive teacher reactions. The sample included 42 teachers. We assessed (a) teacher self-reports (i.e., resources, risk factors, and vital exhaustion) (b) classroom observations, (c) ambulatory assessments of teachers' heart rate and heart rate variability, and (d) teachers' progesterone concentrations in the hair. The present study focused on a subsample of ten teachers (9 females, <i>M</i>age = 34.70, <i>SD</i> = 11.32) managing classes which were potentially very stressful as they had a high density of aggressive behavior. High levels of work satisfaction, hair progesterone, and a low level of work overload fostered social integrative teacher responses. Moreover, in 75% of the cases, teachers succeeded in downregulating their physiological reaction. Our results support the notion that teachers evaluate stressors in light of their resources. When they perceive their resources as insufficient for coping with a challenging situation, stress arises, and subsequently, they react inefficiently to aggressive behavior. Thus, teacher education could benefit from strengthening teacher resources and strategies for coping with aggressive student behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2230-2247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11354034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mother-Child Attachment Relationship in Pregnancy, Postpartum, and Early Childhood: Current Status and New Research Perspectives.","authors":"Valentina Lucia La Rosa, Elena Commodari","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080148","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mother-child attachment relationship is a cornerstone of human development, with profound implications for the well-being of both the mother and child [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2226-2229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Study of the Family Quality of Life, Illness Perceptions, and Coping in Mothers of Children Newly Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Communication Difficulties.","authors":"Angelos Papadopoulos, Angeliki Tsapara, Alexandros Gryparis, Dionysios Tafiadis, Nikolaos Trimmis, Panagiotis Plotas, Petros Skapinakis, Meropi Tzoufi, Vassiliki Siafaka","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080146","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: This study assesses the impact of mothers' illness perceptions about autism spectrum disorder and their coping strategies on the family's quality of life during the initial period following diagnosis and one year afterward. (2) Method: The sample consisted of 53 mothers of children newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and having communication difficulties who completed the following: the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the Brief-COPE. (3) Results: The findings revealed a moderate family quality of life in the initial assessment and a lack of a statistically significant change one year later. Notably, statistically significant changes were observed in coping strategies, as in the second assessment, and the score in denial and self-blame decreased. Pearson and Eta analyses indicated several correlations between socio-demographic characteristics, illness perceptions, coping strategies, and family quality of life. Multiple regression analysis showed that positive reframing was positively associated with total family quality of life in the initial period following diagnosis and one year afterward, while self-blame was associated with poorer quality of life in the time after diagnosis. Furthermore, the belief about the controllability of the disorder was correlated with better family quality of life one year after the diagnosis. (4) Conclusions: Illness perceptions and coping can be considered as predictors of family quality of life outcomes one year after the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. The focus of interventions, apart from controlling the disorder's symptoms, should aim to strengthen specific strategies and weaken others.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2187-2204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media Use and Consumption of Prescription-Free Medications for Anxiety, Sleep, and Pain among Norwegian University Students.","authors":"Wajiha Saqib, Parisa Gazerani","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080147","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A relationship has been recognized between social media use and health issues. However, no studies have explored the potential link between social media use and consumption of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. We examined social media use, self-reported anxiety, depression, sleep problems, pain, and OTC medications use among Norwegian university students. The goal was to gain insights that would guide preventive health strategies for this target group. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted with an online questionnaire distributed to university student Facebook groups in Norway. A total of 132 completed surveys were analyzed. Among the respondents, 28% experienced anxiety, 35% depression, 64% sleep problems, 71% headaches, and 78% musculoskeletal pain. Moreover, 56% reported using OTC analgesics or sleep aids, mostly purchased from community pharmacies. No statistically significant correlation was found between social media use and headache, musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, or consumption of OTC medications among university students in Norway. The findings, however, demonstrated a positive trend, highlighting the need for further research with larger, more diverse samples, and potentially employing a qualitative or longitudinal design. We propose increased awareness of the potential negative effects of social media among university students, the inclusion of social media and health topics in study curricula, and the more proactive engagement of community pharmacists with young clients concerning the consumption of OTC medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2205-2225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"War-Related Stress among Israeli College Students Following 7 October 2023 Terror Attack in Israel.","authors":"Keren Dopelt, Nourit Houminer-Klepar","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080145","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Warfare represents a significant source of stress in contemporary times, with enduring implications beyond the immediate casualties, fostering a pervasive atmosphere of danger and anxiety within affected populations. The Israel-Hamas war, marked by ongoing armed incursions and missile attacks, stands as a recent example of such turmoil, inflicting widespread trauma and disruption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study, conducted among students at the Ashkelon Academic College in southern Israel, aimed to investigate the stress levels and associated factors amidst the ongoing conflict. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 625 participants between January and February 2024, approximately four months after the commencement of the initial attack. The survey encompassed demographic information, perceived stress levels, sleep quality, and social media usage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed moderate to high stress levels among participants, with significant differences observed based on gender, parental status, and residency in conflict zones. Moreover, poorer sleep quality was reported among students residing in conflict-affected areas. Regression analysis identified several predictors of elevated stress, including gender, parental status, sleep quality, residency in conflict zones, and social media usage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the profound impact of ongoing conflict on college students' mental well-being, highlighting the need for tailored interventions and support services within higher education institutions. The limitations include the study's focus on a specific college population and the timing of the data collection relative to the onset of the war. Nonetheless, this research contributes valuable insights concerning the stress dynamics within the unique context faced by Israeli students amidst ongoing warfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2175-2186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Big Five Personality Traits and Depression in the German-Speaking D-A-CH Region Including an Investigation of Potential Moderators and Mediators.","authors":"Susanne Strohmaier, Manuel Pillai, Jakob Weitzer, Emilie Han, Lukas Zenk, Brenda M Birmann, Martin Bertau, Guido Caniglia, Manfred D Laubichler, Gerald Steiner, Eva S Schernhammer","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14080144","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14080144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considerable evidence links the \"Big Five\" personality traits (neuroticism, extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness) with depression. However, potential mediating and moderating factors are less well understood. We utilized data from a cross-sectional survey of 3065 German-speaking adults from the D-A-CH region to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervalsbetween personality traits and lifetime prevalence of depression (overall and stratified by sex and age). We further explored proportions mediated by psychosocial factors optimism, empathy, perspective-taking, work-life balance, and interpersonal trust. High levels of neuroticism were associated with more than two-fold higher odds of depression, whereas higher levels of conscientiousness were associated with approximately 30% lower odds of depression. The association with neuroticism persisted in all investigated subgroups; apparently, stronger associations for females and participants aged ≥60 years did not correspond to statistically significant interactions. Overall and across all strata, the association of neuroticism with depression appeared to be mediated in part by the considered psychosocial factors; optimism explained the largest proportion of the association. Our results provide empirical evidence for the dynamic predisposition model. Further investigations of these relationships are warranted in longitudinal data with more precise outcome assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 8","pages":"2157-2174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well-Being and Dispositional Hope in a Sample of Portuguese Citizens: The Mediating Role of Mental Health.","authors":"Maria João Velez, Helena A Marujo, Zaida Charepe, Ana Querido, Carlos Laranjeira","doi":"10.3390/ejihpe14070140","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ejihpe14070140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our pursuit of a fulfilling and contented life, the study of well-being has emerged as a fundamental field of research. Higher levels of well-being are associated with better mental health outcomes. Individuals with better mental health might possess the personal resources necessary to set and pursue meaningful goals, maintain positive expectations, and overcome adversities. We aim to explore the positive relationship between well-being (hedonic, psychological, and social) and dispositional hope. We suggest that mental health acts as a mediator in this relationship, since improved mental health can create a conducive environment for the development and maintenance of dispositional hope. Data were collected using an e-survey through social media during the last quarter of 2022. The hypothesis of this study was tested using mediation analysis. The sample was composed of 471 participants (85.4% female) with a mean age of 47.72 ± 11.86 years. Participants were mainly workers (88.6%), followed by pensioners (6.8%), university students (2.5%), and unemployed (2.1%). Results revealed that well-being was positively and significantly associated with dispositional hope. Additionally, well-being presented a significant and positive relationship with mental health, which, in turn, also presented a significant and positive relationship with dispositional hope. Finally, using the Hayes process macro for SPSS, we found that mental health mediates the relationship between well-being and dispositional hope. Our findings reinforce the conceptual frameworks that consider well-being and mental health as key contributors to a resilient and optimistic mindset. Interventions that aim to cultivate positive affect, facilitate personal growth, and foster supportive social environments might help improve mental health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":30631,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education","volume":"14 7","pages":"2101-2115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11275276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}