Electrochemistry Communications最新文献_第7页

Electrochemical corrosion of highly conductive Ti-Al-C, (Ti,Mo)-Al-C and (Ti,Cr)-Al-C coatings deposited by hybrid magnetron sputtering using MAX phases-based target 高导电性Ti-Al-C、(Ti,Mo)-Al-C和(Ti,Cr)-Al-C镀层的电化学腐蚀研究

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107977

Viktoriia Shtefan , Tetiana Prikhna , Olexandr Kuprin , Viktoriya Podhurska , Orest Ostash , Pavel Potapov , Semyon Ponomaryov , Myroslav Karpets , Volodymyr Sverdun , Viktor Moshchil , Tetiana Serbenyuk

{"title":"Electrochemical corrosion of highly conductive Ti-Al-C, (Ti,Mo)-Al-C and (Ti,Cr)-Al-C coatings deposited by hybrid magnetron sputtering using MAX phases-based target","authors":"Viktoriia Shtefan , Tetiana Prikhna , Olexandr Kuprin , Viktoriya Podhurska , Orest Ostash , Pavel Potapov , Semyon Ponomaryov , Myroslav Karpets , Volodymyr Sverdun , Viktor Moshchil , Tetiana Serbenyuk","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amorphous highly conductive coatings Ti-Al-C, (Ti,Mo)-Al-C and (Ti,Cr)-Al-C were deposited on titanium alloy substrates by hybrid magnetron using T<sub>2</sub>AlC and Ti<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub> MAX-phases-based targets and in parallel cathode-arc evaporation of Mo or Cr targets. The (Ti,Cr)-Al-C coating showed the highest electrochemical corrosion resistance among all deposited coatings in 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution at 25 °C: corrosion potential <em>E</em><sub><em>corr</em></sub> = 0.044 V vs. saturated calomel electrode, corrosion current density <em>i</em><sub><em>corr</em></sub> = 2.48 × 10<sup>−9</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. The (Ti,Cr)-Al-C coating also demonstrated the highest long-term oxidation resistance, and after heating in air at 600 °C for 1000 h, its surface electrical conductivity became even slightly higher after long-term heating: increased from <strong>σ</strong> = 9.84 × 10<sup>6</sup> S/m to <strong>σ</strong> = 4.35 × 10<sup>5</sup> S/m, which is explained by the crystallization of the amorphous coating during heating process. The nanohardness and Young's modulus of the coating after deposition were within 15 GPa and 240 GPa, respectively. The hybrid magnetron deposited (Ti,Cr)-Al-C coatings can be used to protect interconnects in lightweight molten carbonate fuel cells elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrodeposition of uniform granular carbon on an Ag electrode by CO2 reduction in triethylpentylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide 用三乙基戊基磷二（三氟甲磺酰基）亚胺还原CO2在银电极上电沉积均匀颗粒碳

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107976

Yuki Kakiuchi , Yuta Suzuki , Hidekazu Kobatake , Seiya Tanaka , Takuya Goto

{"title":"Electrodeposition of uniform granular carbon on an Ag electrode by CO2 reduction in triethylpentylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide","authors":"Yuki Kakiuchi , Yuta Suzuki , Hidekazu Kobatake , Seiya Tanaka , Takuya Goto","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon electrodeposition on a conductive substrate from CO<sub>2</sub> in ionic liquids is an attractive process for a unique CO<sub>2</sub> conversion technique. This study provides a method for the electrodeposition of uniformly arranged granular carbon particles onto an Ag substrate from CO<sub>2</sub> by potential-step application in P<sub>2225</sub>-TFSI at room temperature. The potential-step electrolysis, where the −3.0 and −0.40 V (vs. Ag<sup>+</sup>/Ag) were applied for 1 min each, followed by −1.0 V for 3.2 s for 20 sets, was conducted to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> to silver carbonyl ions and then to solid carbon electrochemically. The SEM image with EDS elemental analysis for the electrodeposits exhibited that granular carbon particles uniformly arranged and ca. 0.4 μm in size were covered on the Ag surface. This result indicates that carbon nucleation could be preferentially induced at the Ag/P<sub>2225</sub>-TFSI interface when applying the potential in the third step for a few seconds. Raman spectroscopy and XRD analyses revealed that the electrodeposited carbon grains comprised hexagonal carbon, graphite, and η-diamond. Moreover, we proposed a model for the formation mechanism of the carbon grains on the Ag substrate in the electrolysis based on the observed morphological changes in the electrodeposited carbon when the number of times the step electrolysis was changed. The reported data demonstrated that it is possible to electrochemically control the nucleation and growth phenomena of carbon from CO<sub>2</sub> at room temperature, which is expected to contribute to producing functional carbon materials as a novel CO<sub>2</sub> recycling technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Multi-channel Hcy/FA aptasensors and cTnT immunosensors used for early screening of H-type hypertension and myocardial infarction 多通道Hcy/FA配体传感器和cTnT免疫传感器在h型高血压和心肌梗死早期筛查中的应用

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107966

Xinjie Song , Jie Fu , Jiawang Wang , Fangying Xiong , Jing Zhang , Shuang Li

{"title":"Multi-channel Hcy/FA aptasensors and cTnT immunosensors used for early screening of H-type hypertension and myocardial infarction","authors":"Xinjie Song , Jie Fu , Jiawang Wang , Fangying Xiong , Jing Zhang , Shuang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and decreased levels of folic acid (FA) are frequently observed in individuals with H-type hypertension (HTH). However, HTH increases Repeatability, reproducibility and stability of Hcy aptasensorrisk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Elevated cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels are particularly significant in patients with AMI. Nevertheless, the effective detection of Hcy, FA, and cTnT remains challenging due to the lack of a reliable, cost-effective, and rapid method that can accurately predict, promptly detect, and effectively guide the treatment of these conditions. To address this issue, aptasensors for Hcy and FA as well as immunosensors for cTnT were developed based on amultiple electrochemical system. The concentration of Hcy and FA exhibited a good linear relationship with the relative redox peak current within the ranges of 1–100 μM and 10–50 nM, respectively, due to conformational changes in the aptamer. Similarly, the concentration of cTnT demonstrated a good linear relationship with the relative redox peak current of the electrode within the range of 1–60 pg/mL, attributed to changes in electron transfer following antigen-antibody binding. The experimental results confirmed that the aptasensors and immunosensors exhibited excellent repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and specificity. In real serum sample, this biosensor showed an acceptable recovery rate. These findings suggest that the proposed sensors hold significant potential for the early detection of HTH and AMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to dinitrogen: Mechanisms, catalysts, and challenges 选择性电催化硝酸还原为二氮：机制、催化剂和挑战

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107964

Jiayu Chen , Anni Wu , Yongfeng Xie , Yumin Zhang , Hu Zheng , Wei Teng

{"title":"Selective electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to dinitrogen: Mechanisms, catalysts, and challenges","authors":"Jiayu Chen , Anni Wu , Yongfeng Xie , Yumin Zhang , Hu Zheng , Wei Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) offers a sustainable, carbon-neutral approach to mitigate nitrate pollution by transforming nitrate into an environmentally benign end-product. While extensive research has focused on ammonia production, selective N<sub>2</sub> production remains challenging due to complex pathways, limitations in detection, and the difficulty of controlling reaction on the electrocatalysts. This review provides an overview of current progress in this field, focusing on mechanistic insights, N<sub>2</sub> detection methods, and advances in catalyst design. Various classes of electrocatalysts, including monometallic, bimetallic, and single-atom systems, oxide-based and carbon-based materials, examining how their structures regulate key intermediates and N<img>N coupling. The influence of operational parameters such as applied potential, electrolyte, pH, and reactor design is also reviewed. Despite significant advances, challenges remain in understanding interfacial mechanisms and achieving high N<sub>2</sub> selectivity under realistic conditions. This review aims to offer timely insights and guidance for the future development of efficient electrocatalytic systems toward selective nitrate-to-N<sub>2</sub> conversion, advancing environmental remediation and sustainable nitrogen management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Unraveling ionic transport in polymer-ceramic electrolytes: Insights into superionic interphases 解开聚合物-陶瓷电解质中的离子传输：对超离子界面相的洞察

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107960

F. Gerbig , N. Röttgen , M. Holzapfel , G. Dück , M. Finsterbusch , H. Nirschl

{"title":"Unraveling ionic transport in polymer-ceramic electrolytes: Insights into superionic interphases","authors":"F. Gerbig , N. Röttgen , M. Holzapfel , G. Dück , M. Finsterbusch , H. Nirschl","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the transport phenomena in composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) and ceramic fillers for sodium-ion batteries. Numerical microstructure simulations, paired with experimental conductivity measurements, were conducted to explore the mechanisms of ionic transport in these materials. Incorporating <figure><img></figure> into a PEO matrix did not significantly enhance ionic conductivity compared to the pure polymer. However, a CSE containing <figure><img></figure> showed notable improvements in conductivity. Despite these enhancements, the measured conductivities remained lower than predicted by models assuming full ionic transport through both the polymer and ceramic phases, suggesting that the assumption of complete charge transport through the ceramic filler is overly optimistic. The data suggests that amorphization in the PEO matrix induced by ceramic fillers is not the main driver for enhanced ionic conductivity of the CSE, as improvements were observed at both room temperature and above the glass transition temperature of PEO. A more plausible explanation for the observed conductivity enhancement lies in the presence of a superionic interphase at the polymer–ceramic interface. Simulations suggest that this interphase, with submicrometer thickness and ionic conductivity higher than those of the bulk PEO, plays a significant role in facilitating ion transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Diffusion-affected charge transfer: demonstration experiment for the linear relationship between current and its semiintegral 扩散影响电荷转移：电流与半积分线性关系的演示实验

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107969

Tamás Pajkossy

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Recent advances in biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases and biosensing precisely via modification method of electrochemical biosensor: A Review 电化学生物传感器修饰方法在心血管疾病生物标志物及精准生物传感方面的研究进展

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107968

Xinjie Song , Jing Zhang , Shuang Li

{"title":"Recent advances in biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases and biosensing precisely via modification method of electrochemical biosensor: A Review","authors":"Xinjie Song , Jing Zhang , Shuang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the leading cause of global mortality and disability, highlighting the urgent need for early detection, intervention, and prevention strategies to improve patient outcomes. While significant advancements have been achieved in diagnostic approaches - including clinical risk stratification and biomarker panels - the increasing prevalence of CVDs presents substantial challenges, particularly in the context of accelerating global aging populations. This situation demands the identification and clinical validation of highly sensitive circulating biomarkers that can detect early pathological changes, coupled with the development of precise analytical platforms. Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as critical diagnostic tools for CVDs, offering exceptional advantages such as sub-picomolar sensitivity, multiplexed detection capability, rapid response kinetics, and miniaturization potential. Herein, the biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and the biosensing for them were comprehensively reviewed. Firstly, the highly specific and novel biomarkers closely related to three cardiovascular diseases which can reflect the presence or severity of the disease to a certain extent. Secondly, several common types of electrochemical biosensors and their modification method were emphasized. Finally, we summarized the advantages and disadvantages of each electrochemical biosensor modification method, as well as the development trends in the future, and provided some insights for better application in clinical practice to benefit human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107968"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anode catalyst layer optimization in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis: Modeling catalyst layer properties and interface effects 聚合物电解质膜电解阳极催化剂层优化：催化剂层性质和界面效应建模

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107965

Tien-Ching Ma , Andreas Hutzler , Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach , Simon Thiele

{"title":"Anode catalyst layer optimization in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis: Modeling catalyst layer properties and interface effects","authors":"Tien-Ching Ma , Andreas Hutzler , Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach , Simon Thiele","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of the anode catalyst layer (ACL) and its interface to the porous transport layer (PTL) significantly influence cell behavior of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). To understand the complex interaction between the two layers and its interface on cell performance, modeling approaches are necessary. In this study, we present an efficient single-phase two-dimensional model resolving both in-plane and through-plane directions of the interface and the catalyst layer. It is validated both by experimental tomographic data and polarization curves. We find that the single-phase model describes polarization behavior well at low current densities. For higher current densities deviations can be found. While the model provides quantitative predictions for most cases, the absence of detailed two-phase flow modeling may limit its accuracy at high current densities where liquid-gas interactions become more dominant. For one sample showing larger deviations at higher potentials, we apply a simple two-phase model, which seems to explain the deviations. We apply the model to determine the optimal ACL/PTL interface configurations for ACLs with various electrical conductivities. The model reveals that a tenfold increase in electrical conductivity can result in a doubling of cell current density. By explaining interactions between ACL properties, ACL/PTL design and ACL performance, the model fosters to accelerate future optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Next-generation carbon nanotube electrochemical sensors for liquid biopsy applications 用于液体活检的下一代碳纳米管电化学传感器

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107967

Samuel Rantataro, Eero Gustafsson, Ilkka Varjos

{"title":"Next-generation carbon nanotube electrochemical sensors for liquid biopsy applications","authors":"Samuel Rantataro, Eero Gustafsson, Ilkka Varjos","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The detection and quantification of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from blood samples offers a non-invasive approach for cancer diagnostics and treatment monitoring. Although high- sensitivity and specificity assays are available based on polymerase chain reaction and next- generation sequencing, cost of these assays remains very high and results are typically achieved after days from sampling. Contrasting that, we report the development of a highly-sensitive electrochemical sensor assay, which is based on pristine carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes functionalized with casein blocking layer and sequence-specific probes for ctDNA. The device demonstrated a 0.9 pM limit of detection towards ctDNA-related oligonucleotide sequences in undiluted human plasma, without applying DNA amplification strategy. Additionally, the assay was specific towards the target DNA and did not generate any distinguishable signal when incubated with wildtype sequence at high-concentration (500 pM). Contrasting to many other electrochemical sensor materials and assays that have previously demonstrated high sensitivity, our CNT-based assay provides results in less than an hour with a simple two-step assay. Additionally, the SWCNT sensors are manufactured at mass manufacturing scale, making this platform suitable for point-of-care applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wireless electrochemical fabrication of tungsten oxide nanoporous layers in closed bipolar cells 封闭双极电池中氧化钨纳米多孔层的无线电化学制备

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Electrochemistry Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107963

Marcela Sepúlveda , Kaushik Baishya , Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira , Veronika Cicmancova , Ludek Hromadko , Jan M. Macak

{"title":"Wireless electrochemical fabrication of tungsten oxide nanoporous layers in closed bipolar cells","authors":"Marcela Sepúlveda , Kaushik Baishya , Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira , Veronika Cicmancova , Ludek Hromadko , Jan M. Macak","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the anodization of tungsten (W) foils using closed bipolar electrochemical cells is demonstrated for the first time. The anodization was done using three different electrolytes: (1) 1 M NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, 1 wt%. H<sub>2</sub>O in ethylene glycol (EG); (2) 1 M (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, 75 mM NH<sub>4</sub>F in H<sub>2</sub>O; and (3) 170 mM NH<sub>4</sub> 1.5 wt%. H<sub>2</sub>O in EG. Different square-wave potentials and frequencies were applied during the anodization. Among the tested electrolytes, electrolyte 1 produced the most well-defined and homogeneous WO<sub>3</sub> nanoporous (NP) layers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of multiple W oxidation states on the WO<sub>3</sub> NP layers using electrolytes 1 and 2, with W<sup>6+</sup> and W<sup>5+</sup> being the dominant species. The results demonstrate well-defined WO<sub>3</sub> NP layers with a high W<sup>6+</sup> species concentration and less than 10 at.% W<sup>5+</sup> is achieved using electrolyte 1. These findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between the electrolyte composition, W oxidation states, and the morphology of WO<sub>3</sub> NP layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 107963"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0