Multi-channel Hcy/FA aptasensors and cTnT immunosensors used for early screening of H-type hypertension and myocardial infarction

Abstract

Elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and decreased levels of folic acid (FA) are frequently observed in individuals with H-type hypertension (HTH). However, HTH increases Repeatability, reproducibility and stability of Hcy aptasensorrisk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Elevated cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels are particularly significant in patients with AMI. Nevertheless, the effective detection of Hcy, FA, and cTnT remains challenging due to the lack of a reliable, cost-effective, and rapid method that can accurately predict, promptly detect, and effectively guide the treatment of these conditions. To address this issue, aptasensors for Hcy and FA as well as immunosensors for cTnT were developed based on amultiple electrochemical system. The concentration of Hcy and FA exhibited a good linear relationship with the relative redox peak current within the ranges of 1–100 μM and 10–50 nM, respectively, due to conformational changes in the aptamer. Similarly, the concentration of cTnT demonstrated a good linear relationship with the relative redox peak current of the electrode within the range of 1–60 pg/mL, attributed to changes in electron transfer following antigen-antibody binding. The experimental results confirmed that the aptasensors and immunosensors exhibited excellent repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and specificity. In real serum sample, this biosensor showed an acceptable recovery rate. These findings suggest that the proposed sensors hold significant potential for the early detection of HTH and AMI.