Advanced Nanobiomed Research最新文献

{"title":"Front Cover: Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Wireless Neural Stimulation and Tissue Augmentation (Adv. NanoBiomed Res. 10/2026)","authors":"Mohammad Mohammadi,&nbsp;Eva Tomaskovic-Crook,&nbsp;Peter C. Innis,&nbsp;Jeremy M. Crook","doi":"10.1002/anbr.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Acoustoelectric Cell Stimulation</b></p><p>The cover illustration depicts a cell-supporting hydrogel system containing electroceramic nanoparticles for acoustoelectric cell stimulation and enhanced tissue maturation and function, with the potential to be used as a wireless stimulatory cell substrate in vitro, and a resorbable injectable or mouldable electroceutical in vivo. The artwork shows ultrasound waves propagating through and activating the nanoparticle-laden hydrogel for neuronal (gold) and glial (red) cell stimulation. More details can be found in the Research Article by Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, Jeremy Crook, and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/anbr.70149).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical Characterization and Proteomic Analysis of Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Different Neural Cell Lines","authors":"Muhammad Waqas Salim,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino,&nbsp;Andrew Care,&nbsp;Yuling Wang","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized membrane-bound particles facilitating intercellular communication in the nervous system. Although previous studies investigated sEVs released from various neural cell lines, a comprehensive comparison among various immortalized neural lineages has not yet been performed. Herein, we isolated sEVs from four representative immortalized neural cell lines, including SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma), differentiated SH-SY5Y neurons, 1321N1 (astrocytes), and BV2 (microglia), in order to elucidate cell-type-specific characteristics under controlled in vitro conditions. The results reveal that all isolated sEVs exhibited characteristic morphology under transmission electron microscopy, while the particle diameters were also within the expected range of 30–200 nm as determined by nano-flow cytometry. A significant variation in size was observed between the different cell-line-derived sEVs where neuron-derived sEVs exhibited the smallest size and the surface charge was less negative than other sEVs. Microglia-derived sEVs, on the other hand, were largest in size and presented the most negative surface charge and highest RNA content. Such variations in the different types of sEV suggest the variability in the composition of the different types of neural cell types. The presence of sEV markers like CD9, CD63, CD81, and Alix was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Additional proteomic analysis helped in identifying the composition of the sEVs, revealing the characteristic protein fingerprinting of the neural origin of the sEVs. Neuron-derived sEVs were enriched in proteins linked to synaptic activity and neurogenesis, whereas astrocyte-derived sEVs expressed proteins involved in metabolic and antioxidant pathways. Microglial sEVs expressed proteins linked with immune regulatory mechanisms. Interestingly, sEVs originating from differentiated neurons expressed a distinctive proteomic profile that was different from their undifferentiated SH-SY5Y counterparts. Collectively, this study provides for the first time an in-depth characterization profile for sEVs derived from neurons, which were differentiated from SH-SY5Y cells, and, furthermore, provides a comparative framework of immortalized neural cell-derived sEVs, allowing for the provision of a reproducible and physiologically relevant reference model to further neurodegenerative disease research.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Titanium Dental Implants: The Current Progress of Soft-Tissue Integration Methods","authors":"Daniel De Maria,&nbsp;Amy Gelmi,&nbsp;Peter C. Sherrell,&nbsp;Stefan Di Medio,&nbsp;Nhiem Tran,&nbsp;Kate Fox","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dental implants are a common and effective solution for tooth loss. However, achieving consistent soft tissue integration (STI) remains a significant challenge, affecting their long-term performance. A robust soft tissue seal around implants is essential for protecting against bacterial infection, thereby reducing the risk of peri-implantitis and potential implant failure. Yet, replicating the natural tooth–gingiva interface continues to be difficult. Recent advances in material science—particularly surface modifications of titanium implants—have shown promise in enhancing gingival cell attachment and mimicking native tissue architecture. The strength of this interface is crucial for mitigating gum recession, and maintaining this seal is key to improving implant longevity and, ultimately, the quality of life for individuals without natural dentition. This review highlights the biological importance of soft tissue sealing and explores the key factors influencing integration at the implant interface, including bacterial colonisation and the role of implant surface properties. We summarise current strategies—ranging from surface chemistry and topography to biological coatings and emerging cell-based approaches—aimed at improving STI. Overall, this review offers an up-to-date material science perspective on enhancing the long-term success of titanium dental implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Feasibility of Magnetic Separation-Based Blood Purification","authors":"Carlos A. Mora,&nbsp;Laurine Rijsbergen,&nbsp;Jan Waskowski,&nbsp;Gaelle Clermont,&nbsp;Florian Dingreville,&nbsp;Chandrashekara Vishwanath,&nbsp;Rajesh Karunanithi,&nbsp;Alexander Gogos,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Metzger,&nbsp;Manuel Baumgartner,&nbsp;Joerg C. Schefold,&nbsp;Inge K. Herrmann","doi":"10.1002/anbr.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Direct selective removal of disease-etiologic factors from blood is a potentially lifesaving intervention in multiple medical conditions (including sepsis). Magnetic separation-based blood purification represents a selective therapeutic strategy addressing limitations of conventional extracorporeal devices. However, GLP-compliant biological safety data demonstrating its separation efficiency and biocompatibility remain lacking. Here, we introduce an extracorporeal blood purification system (HemoSystem) designed to remove target compounds using injectable, magnetic nanoparticles (HemoBeads) comprising a nonoxidic iron core encapsulated by a functionalized graphene/polymer shell. HemoBeads are surface-modified with compound-specific binding moieties and are administered continuously into the extracorporeal circuit to capture target molecules before being magnetically extracted from the blood. We present ISO 10993-compliant biocompatibility evaluations alongside preclinical studies in pig and rat models to assess: (i) the operational safety of the extracorporeal system, (ii) the efficiency of HemoBead removal prior to blood reinfusion, and (iii) the systemic toxicity, biodistribution, and long-term fate of nanoparticles under exaggerated exposure conditions simulating a worst-case slip-through scenario. The results show that the HemoSystem appears safe and is easily integrated into clinical procedures. No clinically significant alterations in hemodynamic, hematological, or biochemical parameters were observed. Nanoparticles are efficiently (≥99.9%) extracted from the blood at a blood flow rate of 6 L h⁻¹. The beads did not accumulate in organs such as brain or heart and are gradually eliminated without pathological alterations. Our findings support the preclinical biological safety and translational feasibility of the HemoSystem as a next-generation hemoperfusion platform for targeted extracorporeal removal of disease-etiologic molecules from the bloodstream.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.70141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Wireless Neural Stimulation and Tissue Augmentation","authors":"Mohammad Mohammadi,&nbsp;Eva Tomaskovic-Crook,&nbsp;Peter C. Innis,&nbsp;Jeremy M. Crook","doi":"10.1002/anbr.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wireless piezoelectric stimulation can be used for minimally invasive and targeted neuromodulation, including augmenting neural tissue induction in vitro and regeneration in vivo. Here, we describe piezoelectric nanocomposite hydrogel (PZ-gel)-based neural tissues comprising alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, and barium titanate nanoparticles (BTNPs), with optimal biomechanical properties for simultaneous sonoactivation, stable human neural stem cell support, piezoelectric stimulation, and augmented neural cell and tissue induction. Hence, the PZ-gel has viscoelastic properties and a modulus amenable to stem and derivative cell culture, and BTNP inclusion enhances its mechanical strength, elasticity, and structural stability. Activation of the PZ-gel with ultrasound enhances stem cell differentiation to neurons with dense neuronal networks and supporting neuroglia, underscoring the ultrasound-mediated piezoelectric effect. We submit that our PZ-gel may be applied as a smart substrate for advanced in vitro neural tissue engineering and a resorbable injectable or mouldable electric tissue prosthesis for wireless cell/tissue stimulation and repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.70149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rewriting Tumor Immunity With Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: A Versatile and Potent Therapeutic Strategy","authors":"Md Sifat Rahi,&nbsp;Md Mijanur Rahman,&nbsp;Asma Talukder,&nbsp;Urooj Yousaf Virk,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Wilson,&nbsp;Nigel McMillan,&nbsp;Ming Q. Wei","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immunotherapeutics have rapidly evolved as an advanced cancer therapeutic strategy, offering superior survival compared to conventional treatments. This strategy catalyzed both generalized and precision-based cancer therapeutics. Nevertheless, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and lack of safe and effective cargo delivery vehicles limit their therapeutic potential. Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as a versatile platform to mitigate these constraints, owing to their intrinsic immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and engineering flexibility. Their structural versatility enables the delivery of diverse therapeutic cargos, while preserving their ability to boost the immune system. Their inherited capabilities to induce macrophage activation and polarization, dendritic cell maturation, and promote T cell-mediated antitumor immunity underscore their suitability. This review outlined structural diversity and biogenesis mechanisms of BMVs and explored the underlying roles in immunomodulation within TME. Rather than focusing solely on vesicles derived from Gram-negative bacteria, we emphasize the emerging potential of Gram-positive bacteria-derived vesicles as an overlooked aspect in cancer therapeutics. The review also sheds light on recent advancements of BMV-based therapy, offering mechanistic insights into therapeutic and vaccination modalities. Overall, this review consolidates the fundamentals of BMVs and their applications, serving as a comprehensive resource to address existing knowledge gaps and unresolved challenges in cancer immune therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Catheter-Associated Bladder Mucosal Adhesion and Microtrauma Using a Human Urothelial Microtissue Model","authors":"Nazila V. Jafari,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Rohn","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500254","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Animal models have been used to investigate urinary tract catheters, but small animals do not accurately recapitulate human bladder physiology nor support different types of catheters. Recent advances in three-dimensional models mimicking tissue microenvironments have improved our understanding of human tissue development and allowed us to model many diseases. Here, our objective was to characterise bladder urothelial mucoadhesion and microtrauma associated with intermittent catheterisation. We employed our three-dimensional Urine-tolerant Human Urothelial model (3D-UHU) to investigate two different intermittent catheter types, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated catheter (PVP-CC) and a coating-free integrated amphiphilic surfactant (IAS) catheter. We showed that pressing catheters onto the models for 2 min caused compression of the 3D-UHU model in contact regions, with disruption of urothelial umbrella cells detected by immunofluorescence staining of surface markers uroplakin III, cytokeratin 20 and chondroitin sulphate, alongside occasional effacement of apical surfaces exposing intermediate layers. PVP-CC had a significantly higher number of urothelial cells adhered to its surface after catheter removal compared with IAS. Moreover, application and removal of PVP-CC caused a decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance, suggesting barrier disruption, whereas IAS did not cause a statistically different effect. However, no change in paracellular permeability rates assessed by FITC-dextran were observed in models after application of catheter pieces. Finally, compression of models induced trauma-triggered inflammatory cytokine responses. Specifically, we observed increased secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β as well as the cell adhesion molecule CEACAM1 after exposure to PVP-CC compared with IAS. These data demonstrate that the 3D-UHU model holds promise as an alternative to animal models for investigating the effects of urinary catheters on the urothelium.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Virus Immunotherapy for HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Jessica Fernanda Affonso de Oliveira,&nbsp;Patrick Opdensteinen,&nbsp;Andrea Simms,&nbsp;Seongwon Jung,&nbsp;Giuliana P. Mognol,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Judith A. Varner,&nbsp;Nicole F. Steinmetz","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500283","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In high-income countries, 60%–70% of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) are attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV). Immunotherapy is the current second-line treatment for advanced or metastatic cases of HPV⁺ OPSCC; however, drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and adverse events limit the efficacy and response. Here, we evaluated the drug candidate cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) as a form of intratumoral (i.t.) immunotherapy in mouse E6/E7/hRas (mEER) models of HPV⁺ and HPV⁻ OPSCC, focusing on efficacy and immune responses. These tumor models recapitulate key features of human disease, including oncogenes that drive tumor progression. Using a dose-escalation strategy, CPMV achieved dose-dependent control of HPV⁺ tumors, with 50% tumor-free survival by day 80. HPV⁻ tumor growth was delayed but with minimal survival benefits. In a neoadjuvant setting (two 100 µg i.t. doses prior to tumor debulking), CPMV eradicated residual disease, with 75% of HPV⁺ and 25% of HPV⁻ mice remaining tumor free. Early tumor profiling showed immune cell infiltration and remodeling of the HPV⁺ tumor microenvironment (TME), including NK and myeloid cell recruitment and enrichment of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells within the TME. Multiplex cytokines analysis revealed ∼3-fold increases in GM-CSF, IL-6, and MCP-1 and ∼2-fold increases in type I and II interferons, TNF-α, and CCL3/MIP-1α in HPV⁺ tumors, consistent with innate activation and subsequent adaptive priming. Minor effects on the TME in the HPV⁻ tumors suggest that tumor antigenicity may influence therapeutic outcomes. Overall, we demonstrated that CPMV i.t. immunotherapy elicits potent, durable antitumor immunity and TME remodeling in HPV⁺ OPSCC, supporting further development as a neoadjuvant and local immunotherapy to address unmet clinical needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructured Deep Eutectic Systems in Healthcare: From Bioactive Solvents to Intelligent Biointerfaces, Wearables, and AI-Driven Design","authors":"Jeesu Moon,&nbsp;Min Seo Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Seung Lee","doi":"10.1002/anbr.70145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The clinical translation of advanced nanomedicines and next-generation wearables is frequently bottlenecked by material instability and interfacial incompatibility. Deep eutectic systems (DESs), historically categorized merely as green organic solvents and closely related to ionic liquids, are now emerging as a class of nanostructured functional fluids with transformative potential in biomedicine. This review moves beyond the traditional “extraction solvent” paradigm to redefine DES as programmable supramolecular assemblies. We first analyze their mesoscopic structural heterogeneity and its central role in stabilizing fragile genetic cargoes (mRNA and lipid nanoparticles) against thermal degradation, enabling cold-chain-free RNA therapeutics. We then examine how therapeutic deep eutectic systems (THEDES), when integrated with dissolving microneedle arrays, reshape transdermal delivery by transforming active pharmaceutical ingredients into intrinsic components of the supramolecular solvent architecture. We further discuss the expanding role of DES in bioelectronics, where confinement within polymer networks yields “eutectogels” functioning as biocompatible, nonvolatile electrolytes for ionotronic skin patches and implantable probes, and highlight DES-derived antimicrobial nanohybrids, including microenvironment-responsive nanozymes, conferring intrinsic self-defensive properties on such devices. Finally, we survey the convergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) with DES research, enabling de novo inverse design of patient-specific therapeutic fluids and positioning DES as intelligent biomaterials for future healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.70145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Responsive Bowl-Shaped Janus Nanomotors Based on Polyitaconic acid/Polypyrrole on the Surface of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Chemical, Electrical, and Magnetic Field Actuation for Targeted Drug Delivery Applications","authors":"Kimia Tavakoli Dehaghi,&nbsp;Sepideh Khoee,&nbsp;Shima Tavakoli,&nbsp;Oommen P. Varghese","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500294","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, the fabrication of multi-stimuli-responsive bowl-shaped Janus nanomotors integrating platinum nanoparticles coated with cross-linked Fe₃O₄@P(BA-co-IA) and functionalized with polypyrrole on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles for potential targeted drug delivery applications is reported. This unique architecture combines three propulsion mechanisms: catalytic motion from asymmetrically deposited platinum in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), magnetic guidance from a superparamagnetic iron oxide core, and electric-field-driven propulsion via a conductive polypyrrole shell. The nanomotors exhibited precise, directional motion in both biologically relevant neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.8) environments, fueled by 0.5% and 1% (w/w) H₂O₂. The highest velocity and mean square displacement were observed in neutral medium at 1% H₂O₂, whereas acidic conditions induced polymer aggregation and reduced mobility. Magnetic fields enabled rapid, oriented transport, and electric fields allowed on-demand control of speed and direction. The integration of multiple actuation modes into a single nanomotor design offers opportunities for navigation in complex media. This system holds great biocompatibility with human mesenchymal stromal cells, and it offers promise for advanced biomedical applications, targeted transport, and navigation within complex biological environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}