{"title":"Pyrolyzed Walnut Shell-Based Flexible Electrodes for Magnetically Triggered ON/OFF DNA Release","authors":"Paolo Bollella, Blanca Cassano, Verdiana Marchianò, Angelo Tricase, Eleonora Macchia, Luisa Torsi","doi":"10.1002/anbr.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A magnetically actuated DNA release platform employing sustainable walnut shell–derived electrodes enables precise ON/OFF switching of DNA release through magnetic–enzymatic filter beads, offering a controllable and reusable system for bioelectronic and sensing applications. More details can be found in the Research Article by Paolo Bollella, Luisa Torsi, and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202500131).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of a Bioprinted Anticancer Cell Therapy System Generated with Continuous Liquid Interface Production","authors":"Lauren Kass, Ike Keku, Yu Zhang, Justin Forbes, Morrent Thang, Jillian Perry, Shawn Hingtgen","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anticancer cell therapies have remarkable clinical potential yet fail to reach the clinic due to poor delivery. 3D bioprinting (3DBP) can be leveraged for generating cell therapy delivery devices, where the biomaterial system acts as a protective matrix to stabilize cells after implantation. Continuous liquid interface production (CLIP), an additive manufacturing technology, has several unique features that make it a suitable platform for 3DBP of cell-laden scaffolds. However, the feasibility CLIP bioprinting and efficacy of CLIP-bioprinted cell/matrix therapies have not yet been explored. In this work, we demonstrate the utility of CLIP for cell therapy 3DBP with a simple gelatin methacrylate-based resin and anticancer drug-secreting fibroblasts as a model therapy against recurrent glioblastoma. We demonstrate that CLIP enables rapid, consistent production of cell-laden scaffolds, and cells maintain their viability and tumor-killing efficacy in vitro post-printing. Importantly, we proved that bioprinted cells survive longer in vivo than directly injected cells, and that this effect may correspond to better survival outcomes in a mouse model of glioblastoma resection. This study is the first to utilize CLIP for 3DBP of composite devices containing anticancer cell therapies, providing a crucial foundation for developing highly refined cell therapy delivery devices in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pyrolyzed Walnut Shell-Based Flexible Electrodes for Magnetically Triggered ON/OFF DNA Release","authors":"Paolo Bollella, Blanca Cassano, Verdiana Marchianò, Angelo Tricase, Eleonora Macchia, Luisa Torsi","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A magnetically gated, enzymatically driven DNA release platform based on sustainable pyrolyzed walnut shell-derived carbon electrodes is reported. Upon glucose addition under aerobic conditions, biocatalytic oxygen reduction at the cathode induces a local pH increase, resulting in electrostatic repulsion of negatively charged 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein-labeled DNA (FAM-labeled DNA). Electrochemical analysis reveals an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) onset potential of +0.576 ± 0.003 V vs. Ag/AgCl and a maximum current of −8.2 ± 0.4 μA. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirms a post-ORR increase in interfacial resistance from 6.2 ± 0.5 to 11.1 ± 0.9 kΩ. DNA release reaches 97% after 400 min, corresponding to a surface density of 22 ± 4 nmol cm<sup>−2</sup>. A competing enzymatic gate, composed of co-immobilized glucose oxidase and catalase (GOx–CAT) on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), enables remote suppression of electron flow and DNA release upon application of a 0.3 T magnetic field. Under “OFF” conditions, DNA release is reduced to 1%, and anodic current decreases by 60%. The system exhibits excellent reversibility over four ON–OFF cycles with minimal performance degradation. This bioelectronic platform represents a self-powered, reversible strategy for stimuli-responsive drug release.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samad Mussa Farkhani, David Rudd, Helmut Thissen, Muhammad A. Ali, Mehmet Yuce, Anna Cifuentes-Rius, Nicolas H. Voelcker
{"title":"Gold Nanoclusters as Smart Nanoplatforms for Targeted Cancer Therapy","authors":"Samad Mussa Farkhani, David Rudd, Helmut Thissen, Muhammad A. Ali, Mehmet Yuce, Anna Cifuentes-Rius, Nicolas H. Voelcker","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), known for their biocompatibility, intrinsic fluorescence, and magnetic properties represent an interesting nanomaterial for targeted drug delivery. Herein, a multifunctional platform is designed based on AuNCs modified with DNA strands for the loading and triggered release of doxorubicin (Dox), a chemotherapeutic agent. The surface of these nanoclusters is initially modified with a DNA strand and subsequently hybridized with a complementary DNA strand functionalized with folic acid (FA). The modification with FA facilitates targeted drug delivery to MCF-7 cells. The DNA on the AuNCs surface allows for the capture of Dox via intercalation. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity are assessed in 2D cell culture and spheroid models. The results demonstrate a significantly higher uptake of the targeted AuNCs into MCF-7 cells compared to nontargeted counterparts. Moreover, under radiofrequency (RF) irradiation, the targeted AuNCs exhibit increased cytotoxicity. This cytotoxicity can be attributed to multiple factors, including hyperthermia induced by RF irradiation, heat-triggered release of the loaded drug, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This research sheds light on the promising applications of AuNCs in cancer therapy, leveraging their unique properties for precise and effective treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theoneste Muyizere, Julien Milon Essola, Eric Nyirimigabo, Janvier Mukiza, Jean Felix Mukerabigwi
{"title":"Endogenously Triggered DNAzyme-Based Nanostructures for Gene-Combined Therapy","authors":"Theoneste Muyizere, Julien Milon Essola, Eric Nyirimigabo, Janvier Mukiza, Jean Felix Mukerabigwi","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Therapeutic DNAzyme, often activated by catalytic cofactors in its central catalytic domain, has been extensively explored for the treatment of diverse diseases, primarily through mechanisms involving free release, notably within gene therapy frameworks. Notwithstanding the substantial progress, challenges persist in precisely regulating the intracellular release of DNAzymes from nanostructures while ensuring their stability and integrity. Recent advancements in DNA nanotechnology have spurred the development of endogenous stimuli-responsive functional DNA-based nanosystems, enabling controlled release of DNAzyme by internal cues. This mini-review examines recent innovations in the design and development of nanostructured platforms that enable the endogenously triggered release of DNAzymes, along with their catalytic cofactors, primarily for cleavage of a substrate such as messenger RNA (mRNA). These nanosystems hold promises for harnessing gene-combined therapy by integrating multiple therapeutic modalities. Furthermore, the applications of these triggerable DNAzyme release-based nanoplatforms in combinational therapies for cancer and other diseases are explored. Moreover, this contribution, pioneered by therapeutic DNAzyme, underscores the strategic integration of endogenously triggerable DNAzyme release in advancing therapeutic precision, particularly in gene-combined therapy. Furthermore, the current research challenges and future perspectives in this rapidly evolving field are briefly highlighted and discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Electrochemical Sensor for Tenofovir Monitoring","authors":"Abdellatif Ait Lahcen, Gymama Slaughter","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective monitoring of tenofovir (TFV) adherence is critical for ensuring the success of antiretroviral therapies in preventing and managing HIV, as nonadherence can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant strains. In this study, a highly sensitive and selective novel biomimetic sensor for TFV determination is developed utilizing laser-scribed graphene (LSG) modified with gold spiky nanostructures (AuNSp) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). The MIP layer is engineered with precise control to maximize molecular specificity for TFV. Electrochemical characterization demonstrates excellent performance, including the broadest linear detection range (10 nM to 200 μM) reported to date with a sensitivity of 30.02 μA/log(μM), and an ultralow limit of detection of 3 nM. The sensor demonstrates flexibility, stability, and selectivity under stressed conditions, highlighting its robustness. Analytical validation in urine matrices demonstrates high recovery rates (92.5%–113%) and repeatability (RSD ≤ 7.0%) in biological samples, highlighted its clinical relevance. By integrating advanced nanomaterials and molecular imprinting, the LSG/AuNSp/MIP sensor extends the dynamic range of MIP-based biosensors. It emerges as a transformative point-of-care technology for TFV adherence monitoring in human immunodeficiency virus management, effectively bridging a critical gap in drug compliance assessment and contributing to advancing global health initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Praveesuda L. Michael, Yuen Ting Lam, Timothy C. Mitchell, Miguel Santos, Alex H. P. Chan, Xinying Liu, Angus J. Grant, Matthew J. Moore, David F. Fletcher, Richard P. Tan, Steven G. Wise
{"title":"Harnessing Physiological Shear Stress in a Perfusion Bioreactor for Enhanced Endothelialization of Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts","authors":"Praveesuda L. Michael, Yuen Ting Lam, Timothy C. Mitchell, Miguel Santos, Alex H. P. Chan, Xinying Liu, Angus J. Grant, Matthew J. Moore, David F. Fletcher, Richard P. Tan, Steven G. Wise","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500025","DOIUrl":"10.1002/anbr.202500025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a versatile perfusion bioreactor system designed to evaluate endothelialization on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)–gelatin vascular grafts under controlled flow conditions that mimic physiological and pathological shear stress. The bioreactor enables direct assessment of endothelial cell behavior on 3D graft structures, providing a more physiologically relevant platform compared to traditional static cultures. Electrospun PCL–gelatin grafts demonstrate uniform endothelial cell coverage when exposed to physiological shear stress (>10 dyn cm<sup>−2</sup>), with cells displaying alignment in the direction of flow. Under these conditions, endothelial cells upregulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, markers associated with vascular homeostasis, anti-inflammatory activity, and enhanced endothelial migration. In contrast, grafts subjected to pathological shear stress (<5 dyn cm<sup>−2</sup>) exhibit increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, promoting monocyte adhesion and a proinflammatory response. These findings highlight the importance of physiological flow dynamics in regulating endothelial function and demonstrate the value of this bioreactor system as a platform prior to preclinical evaluation of vascular grafts. By providing a more accurate in vitro model, this system may accelerate the development of bioengineered vascular grafts with improved clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiyong Wei, Chunliu Huang, Zenghua Zhou, Yanni Lan
{"title":"Engineered Hydrogels Revolutionize Locoregional Cancer Immunotherapy","authors":"Jiyong Wei, Chunliu Huang, Zenghua Zhou, Yanni Lan","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in oncology, leveraging immune activation to combat malignancies. Despite attaining impressive results, some patients’ subpar reactions draw attention to issues, including insufficient drug accumulation, low therapeutic efficacy, and systemic toxicity. Hydrogel-based delivery systems have emerged as promising solutions due to their biocompatibility, customizable drug release profiles, and ability to maintain local drug retention within tumor tissue. The systems provide the simultaneous delivery of various immunomodulators, including checkpoint inhibitors, cellular treatments, and mRNA vaccines, effectively tackling the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment. Strategies that combine immunotherapy with traditional treatments (chemotherapy, radiation) and novel approaches (photodynamic/photothermal therapy) exhibit synergistic results by promoting immune activation and inhibiting tumor growth. This review thoroughly analyzes hydrogel classifications, mechanistic benefits in localized immunotherapy, and recent developments in combination treatment platforms. Significant obstacles in clinical translation, such as material optimization and the navigation of biological barriers, are examined, while suggesting future pathways through advanced material engineering and precise delivery methods. As hydrogel technology advances with innovative biomaterials and combinatorial strategies, it possesses considerable promise to transform tumor immunotherapy by improving treatment accuracy and reducing off-target effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afeesh Rajan Unnithan, Vignesh Krishnamoorthi Kaliannagounder, Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri, Chan Hee Park, Pandiyarasan Veluswamy, Arathyram Ramachandra Kurup Sasikala
{"title":"Design and Application of Piezoelectric Conductive Smart Scaffold for Noninvasive Neural Tissue Regeneration via Custom-Made In Vitro Mechano-Stimulator","authors":"Afeesh Rajan Unnithan, Vignesh Krishnamoorthi Kaliannagounder, Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri, Chan Hee Park, Pandiyarasan Veluswamy, Arathyram Ramachandra Kurup Sasikala","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peripheral nerve injuries frequently result in long-term functional disability and sensory loss due to the lack of appropriate treatment options. Autologous nerve transplantation is currently the gold standard for repairing damaged nerves, but the increased risk of neuroma formation is the most significant issue with this approach. Moreover, the lack of effective treatment methods that allow for simple and clinically significant neural-tissue electrical stimulation has also restricted full functional nerve recovery. To circumvent these limitations, this study devises an electrospun nanofiber-based piezoelectric and conductive nerve conduit (PCNC) that can self-generate electrical stimulations analogous to neural tissues. This work also focuses on designing a low-cost, customizable 3D printed bioreactor to deliver controlled dynamic compressive loading on cell-cultured piezoelectric nanocomposite constructs. By using a custom-designed mechano-stimulator in conjunction with PCNC, the invitro biocompatibility and neuronal differentiation of the PC12 cells are investigated. The results evidence the expression of increased neurogenic differentiation markers from the stimulated PCNC group compared to the unstimulated PCNC control group. When wrapped around a damaged nerve and remotely activated by dynamic mechanical stimulation, this PCNC can give in situ topographical and electrical cues for optimal nerve regeneration due to its unique structure, composition, piezoelectric, and conducting capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun-Ho Heo, Min Kyeong Kim, Sang Jin Lee, Hyun-Wook Kang
{"title":"Enhanced Exosome Production in Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Extracellular Matrix-Incorporated 3D Spheroid Printing","authors":"Jun-Ho Heo, Min Kyeong Kim, Sang Jin Lee, Hyun-Wook Kang","doi":"10.1002/anbr.202500007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202500007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) are emerging as promising cell-free therapeutic agents that address many challenges associated with traditional cell-based therapies. However, conventional methods for isolating MSC-exosomes using 2D culture systems are often limited in their efficiency, posing challenges to large-scale production. This study introduces a novel approach to boost MSC-exosome production by promoting cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Specifically, ECM-integrated MSC spheroid bioprinting technology is employed to optimize exosome secretion, analyzing the effects of spheroid size and ECM composition on exosome production. It is demonstrated that smaller spheroids constructed using MSCs exhibit an enhanced production of exosomes. Additionally, incorporating ECM components, such as fibrin, Matrigel, and collagen, particularly at higher concentrations, further boosts exosome production. Among these, MSC spheroids with a 150 μm diameter and 0.6% w/v collagen integration demonstrate the highest exosome secretion, achieving an 18.4-fold increase compared to traditional 2D culture systems. Furthermore, exosomes derived from ECM-enhanced MSC spheroids exhibit strong efficacy in an in vitro scratch wound assay, underscoring their therapeutic potential. Thus, the newly developed ECM-incorporated spheroid bioprinting technology offers a highly effective strategy for scaling up MSC-exosome production, paving the way for exosome-based therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29975,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Nanobiomed Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anbr.202500007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}