{"title":"Direct air capture: recent progress in materials, equipment, and process engineering","authors":"Yongxin Hu , Xingyang Li , Teng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct air capture (DAC) technology possesses transformative potential for achieving negative emissions. However, challenges such as massive energy consumption, low capture efficiency, and supply chain concerns have impeded their large-scale implementation. Process Systems Engineering (PSE) is expected to address these challenges and bridge existing gaps. This paper first conducts a bibliometric analysis of 1171 DAC-related research papers published between 2015 and 2025. We then classify recent representative DAC studies through the lens of PSE. Afterwards, we discuss the role of PSE methods and tools in material design, equipment retrofitting, process optimization, and system integration across molecular, unit, and process scales. Finally, we point out future research opportunities and challenges in cross-scale modeling and optimization, multisystem integration, and flexible design for varying DAC conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101197"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction of noble metals and rare earth elements using plants","authors":"Helga Kovacs","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Noble metals (NMs) and rare earth elements (REEs) are becoming increasingly crucial in modern industry, particularly in green high-tech applications. As demand for these valuable metals continues to surge, their natural reserves are being depleted. Therefore, recovery of high-value metals from secondary minerals is essential for sustainable development. Phytomining has emerged as a sustainable approach for recovering NMs and REEs from alternative resources, offering a promising and sustainable solution for the production of these valuable metals. This study provides a glimpse of the overall phytoextraction-enrichment-extraction concept, with a particular focus on the final stage of extraction to reclaim NMs and REEs from bio-ores. Although phytomining has been effectively implemented for Ni across various scales, its application to NMs and REEs remains in its early stages. Within the phytoextraction-enrichment-extraction chain, the extraction phase plays a critical role in reclaiming these valuable elements. However, research on extracting NMs and REEs from biomass residues is currently scarce. This gap of knowledge likely arises from the novelty of the field, presenting both significant challenges and promising opportunities for further study. Moreover, existing extraction techniques have largely relied on pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods, both of which pose environmental concerns and entail high operational costs. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and advance eco-friendly, innovative techniques, with a particular focus on bio-metallurgy, to efficiently recover NMs and REEs from biomass ashes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101192"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maoyuan Liao , Leilei Xiang , Yu Wang , Yuhao Fu , Jean D Harindintwali , Xin Jiang , Martin Elsner , Matthias C Rillig , Fang Wang
{"title":"Microplastics and antibiotics in agricultural soil: mechanisms and implications of co-contamination","authors":"Maoyuan Liao , Leilei Xiang , Yu Wang , Yuhao Fu , Jean D Harindintwali , Xin Jiang , Martin Elsner , Matthias C Rillig , Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The co-contamination of agricultural soils by microplastics (MPs), antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is an emerging environmental concern with significant ecological and public health implications. This review explores the sources, interactions, and consequences of MPs and antibiotics/ARGs co-occurrence in soil systems. Agricultural practices, such as manure application, wastewater irrigation, and sewage sludge amendment, are primary contributors to this co-contamination. MPs not only serve as physical vectors but also actively interact with antibiotics and ARGs through processes like adsorption, aging, and biofilm formation, enhancing the emergence and dissemination of resistance genes. These interactions disrupt soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities, impairing soil health and reducing crop productivity. Furthermore, the accumulation of MPs and ARGs in edible plants raises concerns about human exposure through the food chain. Emerging evidence links such exposure to health risks, including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal disorders. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this co-contamination is critical for informing risk assessments and guiding mitigation strategies to protect soil ecosystems and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101181"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob W Toney , Aaron G Garrison , Weiliang Luo , Roland G St. Michel , Sukrit Mukhopadhyay , Heather J Kulik
{"title":"Exploring beyond experiment: generating high-quality datasets of transition metal complexes with quantum chemistry and machine learning","authors":"Jacob W Toney , Aaron G Garrison , Weiliang Luo , Roland G St. Michel , Sukrit Mukhopadhyay , Heather J Kulik","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning (ML) approaches enable screening of the vast chemical space of transition metal complexes (TMCs) at faster speeds than either experimental approaches or <em>ab initio</em> calculations, but their quality is highly dependent on the reference data used. Existing TMC datasets often leverage experimental structures, which biases methods trained on this data away from reactive configurations. Calculating properties of these TMCs also introduces challenges of spin and oxidation state assignment. Recent work on generating hypothetical TMCs with realistic connectivity and geometry has demonstrated promise to extend datasets beyond experimental structures, especially when combined with ML approaches to identify complexes with desirable properties. Experimental measurements would be ideal to train and/or test these models but are often scarce for TMCs, especially for those that are catalytically active. Thus, properties calculated with electronic structure theory are a popular alternative choice for training ML models. However, TMCs are challenging for many conventional electronic structure methods, and few benchmark datasets exist to assess which methods are most reliable and cost-effective. Many of the recommended methods are computationally demanding, leading to the use of neural network potentials as surrogate models for large-scale screening. By utilizing emerging tools for TMC structure generation and suitable electronic structure methods, increasingly high-quality datasets will be curated to enhance the predictive power of ML approaches to discover novel TMCs, including in the development of neural network potentials. By more accurately predicting TMC properties, promising and practical candidates for catalysis, photosensitizers, molecular devices, and medicine will be identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101189"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial overview: Microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: progress and prospects","authors":"Nisha Singh , Damià Barceló , Kirpa Ram , Julien Gigault","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101196"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seo-Yul Kim , Hannah E Holmes , Matthew J Realff , Christopher W Jones , Ryan P Lively
{"title":"Two keys to scalable direct air capture: water management and contactor productivity","authors":"Seo-Yul Kim , Hannah E Holmes , Matthew J Realff , Christopher W Jones , Ryan P Lively","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amine-based solid sorbent direct air capture (DAC) systems face two primary cost drivers: water management and contactor productivity. Water desorption during the regeneration step in temperature vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) imposes significant energy penalties, while water uptake during regeneration in steam-assisted systems leads to substantial water losses. These penalties remain underexplored, particularly in steam-based processes, and are compounded by the limited availability of reliable CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O selectivity data under DAC conditions. More targeted efforts at the material level are needed to enhance CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O selectivity without sacrificing CO<sub>2</sub> capacity. On the productivity side, most DAC research has focused on sorbent materials, leaving contactor design comparatively underdeveloped. A critical gap remains in understanding how geometric parameters, such as channel width, wall thickness, and pattern spacing in complex architectures, govern key contactor productivity drivers like sorbent loading, pressure drop, mass transfer, and heat transfer. This gap has hindered the development of generalized contactor design principles for high productivity and low-cost DAC. While 3D printing and related technologies now enable increasingly complex contactor geometries, their potential cannot be realized without this foundational understanding. Moreover, trade-offs between structural complexity and manufacturing scalability are rarely quantified, making it difficult to evaluate the techno-economic viability of advanced contactor architectures. This opinion highlights the need to move beyond sorbent-centered design toward an integrated, multiscale approach that spans sorbent, contactor, and process levels for improved water management and contactor productivity in scalable DAC systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrian Yaya-González , Jessica Laika , Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz
{"title":"Emerging nonthermal technologies for food safety: trends, limitations, and future research","authors":"Adrian Yaya-González , Jessica Laika , Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food safety has become a critical global concern. The primary causes of food deterioration and subsequent loss include spoilage by harmful microorganisms and toxic substances that threaten human health. Emerging nonthermal technologies have been developed as alternatives to mitigate or eliminate these losses. These methods include pulsed electric fields, cold plasma, high-pressure processing, ultrasound technology, and photodynamic inactivation. This review summarizes the principles governing each technology and its effects on key food parameters. Additionally, it explores the critical factors influencing the scalability of these technologies and their applicability to various food matrices. Finally, a brief discussion addresses the main limitations and challenges from an engineering perspective, including efficiency, economic constraints, energy consumption, and regulatory compliance barriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101178"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kinetic modeling for radical polymerization and depolymerization","authors":"Yue Fang, Hanyu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radical polymerization and its reverse process, radical depolymerization, are central to modern polymer manufacturing and recycling strategies. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the mechanisms and modeling techniques. Enhanced deterministic and stochastic models have successfully described the complexities of radical polymerization processes. Parallel breakthroughs in radical depolymerization kinetics, particularly through end-group-assisted unzipping and visible-light activation, have facilitated efficient monomer recovery under milder reaction conditions. Additionally, advanced modeling leveraging quantum chemistry and machine learning and experimental validations has significantly boosted predictive accuracy. By integrating state-of-the-art kinetic modeling with sustainable design principles, researchers are progressively establishing foundations for closed-loop polymer lifecycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101152"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela Ferreira-Garcia , Suhail Haque , Ben Burke , Ariel L Furst , Gerardine G Botte
{"title":"Electrochemical organic waste conversion: a route toward food security and a circular economy","authors":"Daniela Ferreira-Garcia , Suhail Haque , Ben Burke , Ariel L Furst , Gerardine G Botte","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising global food demand requires rethinking fertilizer production. The current Haber-Bosch process, while fundamental to nitrogen fertilizer, consumes 1–2% of global energy and generates 1.4% of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Projected population growth will increase nitrogen demand 50% by 2050. Waste valorization through electrocatalytic approaches offers a sustainable solution, targeting municipal, agricultural, and animal waste streams. Analysis shows US municipal wastewater biosolids alone could provide 9% of nitrogen and 32% of phosphorus needs in the United States. The transition from centralized fertilizer production to a distributed production model requires new chemical engineering approaches, emphasizing local resource integration, system optimization, and circular economy principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial overview: Kinetic models for radical polymerization and polymer recycling","authors":"Jie Jin, Yin-Ning Zhou, Zheng-Hong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coche.2025.101164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101164"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}