Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem最新文献

{"title":"ACTIVITIES OF ZEMSKY SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES UNDER THE VREMENNOGO PRIAMURSKOGO GOVERNMENT","authors":"E. V. Chernaya","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-493-507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-493-507","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The changes taking place in Russia have revived interest in the functioning of zemstvo self-government bodies in difficult socio-economic, political and military conditions. The difficult situation aggravated the contradictions at the local level, which had a huge impact on the work carried out by the zemstvos. \u0000Purpose. To consider the contradictions that influenced the activities of the zemstvos during the existence of the Vremennogo Priamurskogo government. \u0000Materials and methods. The material for the study was the periodical press presented by newspapers. As well as documents from the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East and the State Archive of Primorsky Krai. In the analysis of the material, such methods as problem-chronological, historical-genetic were used. \u0000Results. The activities of the zemstvo self-government bodies under the Vremennogo Priamurskogo government were carried out in conditions of socio-economic and military-political crisis. The crisis state of the region has aggravated the already existing contradictions: the loss of confidence on the part of the population and the conflict with the state power, having a strong impact on the work carried out by the zemstvos. Firstly, the zemstvos sorely lacked finances for the implementation of socio-economic and cultural and educational activities, since taxes and zemstvo fees stopped coming from the population. Secondly, the inconsistent policy of the government of S.D. Merkulova in relation to the zemstvos led to the inhibition of their activities, the loss of a number of ancestral functions, and even to liquidation. In such a situation, the zemstvos carried out mainly social and economic work, trying to demonstrate their importance to the population. At that time, cultural and educational activities were practically not implemented. \u0000Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in the educational process as material for lectures and teaching aids. Also in historical science, as a basis for expanding research on this problem.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"31 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129089708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF EPITHETS TRANSLATION IN THE ADVERTISING TEXTS FOR CHILDREN’S GOODS","authors":"Anna V. Lyulina, Angelina L. Palyaeva","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-85-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-85-95","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the peculiarities of epithets translation in the advertising texts for children’s goods which are determined by the necessity of correct manipulative intentional message rendering. Epithets are regarded by the authors of the article as actualizers of mass recipients’ manipulation targets which are used by text producers for necessary perlocutionary effect achieving. Human vital needs, some basic emotions and parental instinct are specified as basic mass recipients’ manipulation targets. The goal of the article is to reveal the main peculiarities of epithets translation in the advertising texts for children’s goods being the actualizers of certain manipulation targets. The article is relevant as studying of translation strategy of advertising texts from the point of view of their intentional equivalents on all the speech act levels is not widely studied yet. \u0000Background. Thorough level by level analysis of the manipulative speech acts of advertising texts is necessary for achieving equivalent and adequate variants of manipulative texts translations through revealing certain manipulation targets actualizers which are epithets. \u0000Purpose. Peculiarities of epithets translation in the texts of advertising goods for children are revealed and studied in the article. Epithets are regarded in the article as specific manipulation targets actualizers which function in the advertisements. \u0000Materials and methods. The material of the study is a bulk of the advertising texts for children’s goods which are posted on the official websites of these goods on the Internet. Intentional analysis and translation analysis of the text are used in the study. \u0000Results. As a result of the study the role of epithets as a significant means of actualizing certain mass recipient manipulation targets in the texts of advertising goods for children was proved. The results show that preservation of the translated advertising text content is achieved through using epithets which actualize the same targets of manipulation as in the original text: parental instinct, basic emotions and the anticipation of the social ideal realization. This preservation of intentional message in the texts under study becomes one of the main skills of a translator or interpreter. \u0000Practical implications. The results of the study can be used while teaching practice of translation in the universities and in the process of preparing recommendation on advertising texts translation.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116690225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERNAL RHYME AS A SOUND EXPRESSIVENESS MEANS IN THE LANGUAGE OF GERMAN POETRY","authors":"Natalja N. Chaiko","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-251-259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-251-259","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This article is devoted to the consideration of the linguistic essence of internal rhyme, as well as the analysis of rhyme terms depending on their number and location within one or different verse segments and their functioning in the poetic texts of German Romantics. Scientific originality of the research lies in the common interest of modern linguistics in the study of the means of sound organization and expression of poetic speech, as well as the lack of study on this subject. \u0000Method or methodology of the work. The basis of the research is formed by the continuous sampling method in the selection of practical material as well as the method of descriptive linguo-stylistic analysis. \u0000Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the main variety of intra-rhyme consonances are two-membered rhyme pairs of one-verse – mixed continuous and discontinuous) and different-verse (symmetrical). Internal rhyme is a characteristic feature of poetic texts. It serves to increase the rhyme coefficient, expands the sonority of the verse and is a means of sound influence, giving the verse emotionality and musicality. \u0000Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in the classes “Stylistics of the German language”, “Stylistic analysis of a literary text”, in seminars on the study of sound features of the language of German poetry.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131466972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ON THE SOCIO-CULTURAL EVOLUTION OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES","authors":"V. Shmakov","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-431-449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-431-449","url":null,"abstract":"The determining factor of socio-cultural transformation is industrial and economic modernization, which changes the structure of the world economy as a whole. The leading trend in the development of civilization is the desire for uniformity, which leads to the need to analyze the combination, correlation, interaction of “modernized” and “traditional” forms of development of local communities. \u0000The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of the processes of production and economic modernization on the modification of sociocultural development, to determine the relationships and interdependencies of the economy, culture and sociality, to identify cause-and-effect relationships and trends in the evolution of the sociocultural sphere. \u0000Materials and methods. The study of the processes of production, economic and socio-cultural transformation within the framework of a polyparadigm approach allows using a set of research paradigms, within which various aspects of modernization are considered. The civilizational approach makes it possible to explain the problem of correlation, interaction of general civilizational universals and local specifics. \u0000Results. The article shows that the main trends in the production, economic and socio-cultural development of local communities are formed under the influence of internal and external factors. Modification of the production and economic sphere contributes to the evolution of culture and sociality, determines the structure of the life of local communities, forms a new system of diverse processes of activity. There are destructive tendencies leading to the disintegration of the integrity of the socio-cultural space, a decrease in the stabilizing potential of the traditional way of local communities, followed by pauperization and marginalization of a significant part of the population. The diversification of production and economic activities contributes to the modification of the socio-cultural way of life, the transition from the paradigm of maintaining the stability of traditions to the paradigm of innovative changes. \u0000Practical implications. The results can be used for further research into the processes of sociocultural development and in the process of teaching social disciplines.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131564314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPATIAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES AND CULTURES","authors":"Tatiana S. Shmeleva","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-388-398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-388-398","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the spatial picture of the world in various languages and cultures. The culturally determined differences in the categorization of space and spatial relations in different languages are considered, the ways of verbalization of spatial relations in different cultures are analyzed. \u0000The method or methodology of the work performed. The methods of linguistic description and conceptual analysis were used in the work. \u0000As a result of the study, it was revealed that, despite the recognized universality of the spatial category, different languages are characterized by the presence of fundamental differences not only in the verbal tools used to describe space and spatial relations, but also in the methods of cognitive processing of such, which is a natural consequence of the diversity of extralinguistic conditions existence and development of cultures. \u0000Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in courses on linguistics, theoretical grammar and linguoculturology.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128233548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNTACTIC METHAPHOR AS ONE OF THE GRAMMATICAL EXPRESSIVENESS MEANS IN POETRY OF THE 19TH CENTURY","authors":"Natalja N. Chaiko","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-274-286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-274-286","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This article is devoted to the consideration of the linguistic essence of syntactic metaphor as one of stylistic techniques of linguistic imagery and expressiveness, as well as the analysis of the main metaphorical structures – metaphorical phrases and metaphor sentences in the texts of German romantic poets of the 19th century. Scientific originality of the research lies in the common interest of modern linguistics in the study of stylistic expressiveness techniques as well as the lack of study on this subject. \u0000Method or methodology of the work. The research is based on structural-descriptive, linguistic-ethical and linguistic-stylistic methods of text analysis. \u0000Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the main type of syntactic metaphor is formed by the definitional metaphorization of adjectival and geпitive phrases, in which the expanded metaphorical translations are based on synesthesia, objectification and denaturalization. A feature of metaphorical sentences is personification and objectification. According to the results of the analysis, it is concluded that the syntactic metaphor in poetic texts expresses the subjective attitude of the poet, gives the meaning a sensual appearance, creates the effect of persuasion, emotional reaction and aesthetic expressiveness. \u0000Practical implications. The results of the research can be used at the classes of stylistics of the German language, text interpretation, in seminars on the study of features of the language of German poetry.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130675675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LEXICAL FEATURES OF BORROWED VOCABULARY OF THE FORMATION PERIOD OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY OF DISEASES IN RUSSIA","authors":"N. Budanova, A. A. Kuznetsova, Ekaterina D. Axenova, Vladimir Y. Skakovsky","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-287-301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-287-301","url":null,"abstract":"The study complements the information about the nature of the medical term within the framework of historical terminology. \u0000Purpose. The article discusses the linguistic features of medical borrowed terms denoting human diseases. \u0000Materials and methods. The material was medical scientific texts on surgery and pharmacology of 1835-1899 editions. The analysis used lexico-semantic, etymological and word-formation analysis of vocabulary, a comparative method of linguistic research. \u0000Results. The results of the study suggest that by the nineteenth century, the Russian scientific medical terminology of diseases was finally formed in the national language. The basis of the formation are lexical units of Greek-Latin origin, there were also borrowings from Polish, French, and English. Comparative analysis of terms in different languages has shown the presence of a large number of terms-internationalisms. Translated borrowings and calculus were used in the formation of terms. The study revealed the difficulty of proving the formation of terms by calculus. The analysis of medical terms revealed semantic differences in the source language and in the recipient language, which confirms: 1) the artificial nature of the formation of the terminological system, 2) the presence of national specificity of terms denoting diseases. Thus, the results of the study show that with the unity of the laws of human cognition, an individual understanding of the world picture is manifested in each language; the names of diseases formed on the basis of the national language reflect the popular understanding of diseases. \u0000Practical implications. The factual material and conclusions of the article can be used both in terminology and in the course of medical education.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132878080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRANSLATION COMPETENCE AS COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS","authors":"E. Ladonina, N. Sytina","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-327-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-327-345","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The article considers and analyzes the main modern requirements for the professional training of these students at the level of FSES 3++ and needs of the labor market for the occupations corresponding to International Relations under the modern social conditions. \u0000Purpose. The purpose of the research is to model the process dealing with the translation competence formation of the bachelor students in International Relations. The scientific novelty of the study is to clarify the foreign language professional communicative competence (IPCC) components. \u0000Materials and methods. The main research methods used are the methods of scientific description (the study of specialized literature, its systematization and interpretation) and experimental methods of study (the identification of the competence formation model stages and its implementation). \u0000Results. The paper reveals the concept of translation competence and its components. The language training of the bachelor students in International Relations at the undergraduate stage without thorough translation competence formation and training in written translation skills is not very productive. The ways to solve the problem are seen in the highlighting of stages in the model of the translation competence formation of the students in International Relations. This implies the underlining of two levels: 1) basic level – teaching students to translate educational texts on the main educational programs; 2) professional level – a training course in the translation of professionally oriented texts as part of implementation of the additional education program “Translator in the field of professional communication”. \u0000Practical implications. The result of the study is to practice the translation competence formation model in the course of foreign language training for students in International Relations taking into account these two levels.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"616 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133797021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE NATURE OF SYNONYMY: NEUTRALIZATION OF SEMANTIC DIFFERENCES, INTERCHANGEABILITY AND ZONES OF SEMANTIC VIBRATIONS","authors":"I. Nekipelova","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-96-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-96-116","url":null,"abstract":"Background. There are various approaches to research synonyms. Among them, particular attention is paid to the concepts of neutralizing semantic differences and interchangeability of synonyms. Both are aimed at identifying synonyms and determining the possibilities of their semantic convergence? because the dictionary interpretation of synonyms, allowing you to see the positions of neutralization of the semantic differences of synonyms, and the minimum context, and allowing you to determine the positions of interchangeability of synonyms, are aimed at establishing the fact of synonymous relations between words. However, an analysis of the detailed contextual conditions for the use of synonyms shows that semantic neutralization and interchangeability are practically unattainable phenomena. In place of the expected neutralization, are observed semantic fluctuations that determine the semantic content of the context and formed zones of semantic vibrations. \u0000Purpose. The article is devoted to the definition and differentiation of the concepts of neutralization of semantic differences, interchangeability and zones of semantic vibrations, revealing the nature of synonymous relations. \u0000Results. The term “zones of semantic vibrations” allows us to consider synonyms not only as units approaching, but also as units moving away from each other. This process reveals the multidirectional nature of synonymic relations. At the end of the study, it was concluded that neutralization and interchangeability are terms that define the convergence of synonyms, while vibration zones is a term that defines their distance. The term “zones of semantic vibration” must be used to identify semantic dynamics that change from context to context, and the semantic distance between synonyms. The boundaries between two lexical units, often represent points of contact that form transitional zones, from the boundaries of one unit to the boundaries of another unit. Thus, it should be argued that synonyms that have a unique lexical meaning are not separated from each other by clear boundaries. Under certain conditions, they seem to gradually pass into each other, which makes it possible to postulate the principle of semantic continuity.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132414186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LINGUISTIC AND MENTAL ASPECTS OF THE TRANSLATION OF OFFICIAL TEXTS (BASED ON THE OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS OF PRESS SERVICES AND NEWS PORTALS)","authors":"Anna E. Vorobyova, I. E. Fedyunina, E. Vinogradova","doi":"10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-372-387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-4-372-387","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The translation process is to be considered not merely as a cross- language, but as a cross-cultural interaction as well, since two language systems and two cultures operate simultaneously. The translator’s mission is to adequately transfer the source code of information into the translation language and adapt the national and cultural features of the original text. This involves mental processing of the underlying message implications and presuppositions. Strategies and methods of translation of official documents are determined not only by their linguistic characteristics, but also by their national-specific features. The above-mentioned aspects contribute to the background of the study. \u0000Purpose. The article deals with the analysis of the lexical and syntactic features of the translation of official business texts through the prism of the national cultural code, as well as reveals the influence of mental features of various linguistic and cultural communities on the linguistic, structural and style-forming characteristics of business texts. \u0000Materials and methods. The empiric material for the study is represented by 70 official documents of international organizations in English (UNESCO, The Minsk Declaration, U.S. Mission Russia, etc.) and their corresponding Russian translations. The documents are published in an open access on the Internet on the official websites of press services and news portals. In the course of analyzing the sources of actual material, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, cognitive analysis, and content analysis were used. \u0000Results. The results of the study proved that the national-cultural specificity has a direct impact on the linguistic, structural and style-forming characteristics of official business texts. To ensure the adequacy of a translation in the recipient language, cognitive processing of the source code through the prism of the semantic space of the translator’s culture is required. Recurrent methods of translating of official documents are the techniques of generalization, specification, addition, zero translation and integration. \u0000Conclusion. Official business texts are marked by certain functional characteristics that must be taken into consideration in the process of translation to ensure its adequacy and communicative effect.","PeriodicalId":288940,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125170566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}