TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"The Principle of Necessity in Hayreddin Karaman's Fatwas","authors":"Mücahit Ergen","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.406","url":null,"abstract":"Fiqh, a normative science based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah, is our guide in living Islam in accordance with its own values and the conditions of the day. Although there are many definitions of necessity, necessity is a situation that compels one to do or eat something forbidden by religion. In this context, Hayreddin Karaman, one of today's jurists who contributes with his fatwas and writings on the necessity of necessities, social necessity, and the abuse of the principle of necessity, is in a unique position. This paper aims to reveal Karaman's contribution to the interpretation of the principle of necessity in Islamic law in today's conditions. In this direction, the question of how Karaman reflected the principle of necessity in his fatwas was asked. The literature review method was used to answer this question, and the findings obtained were analyzed. Karaman's acquis, his works, his writings published on various platforms, and scholarly studies about him have been analyzed. Karaman has theoretical explanations and fatwas on in which cases the needs will be considered necessary and how to apply the relevant rule of Mecelle without abuse. Karaman made an essential and up-to-date contribution to Islamic law by developing an understanding of the necessity that he based his ijtihad on. Karaman opposed those who claimed that the door of jurisprudence was closed, and he wanted to rule and resolve new issues and problems with new jurisprudence by developing new issues and problems without abandoning the classical method. He stated that Muslims need the principle of necessity to get out of the bottleneck caused by today's economic and social conditions in implementing Islamic Provisions and presented necessity as an intermediate solution on the way to Islamisation. Karaman distinguishes between individual and social life while operating the principle of necessity.  In the individual sphere, necessity ends to the extent that the individual realises his basic needs. On the other hand, the social sphere disappears with the provision of society's power in minimum conditions. According to him, a Muslim must be strong. In order not to be weak, it is necessary to make use of the licence of \"temporary lifting of some prohibitions\". He has given fatwas based on the principle of necessity on many issues, such as whether or not it is possible to obtain a housing loan granted by the state, the congregation of prayers in polar regions, and the possibility of treatment with alcoholic drugs.","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130273205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hidden Sharh in the Sarf: Sharh al-Amtsilah wa al-Binā’","authors":"Ahmet Meydan","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.540","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important branches of linguistic studies, and indeed the foremost in terms of learning, is the science of \"sarf\". Therefore, Arabic language education generally begins with the science of sarf. After the first and oldest independent sarf book, Kitāb al-Tasrīf\" by Abu Uthman al-Māzinī, many independent works on sarf have been written. Among these works, the books \"Amtsilah,\" \"Binā’,\" \"Maqsūd,\" \"ʿIzzī,\" and \"Marāh al-arwāh\" are considered fundamental in the Ottoman madrasas and still hold significance today. Among these five works, Amtsilah and Binā’ hold a special place as concise works that have been taught as the first two introductory texts in Arabic language classes in Ottoman madrasas and institutions, that follow the classical method of Arabic instruction. The most significant feature of these books is that they serve as an introduction to Arabic morphology (sarf). Amtsilah’s main characteristic is its presentation of all conjugations using a single verb which is \"نَصَرَ\" (nasara). On the other hand, the most important feature of Binā’ is its presentation of Arabic verb patterns from triliteral (tsulātsī) to hexaliteral (tsudāsī), along with their respective masdars (infinitives), following the order of frequency in the language. These two books have attracted numerous commentaries and annotations during the Ottoman era. Many editions and Turkish translations of these works have been produced. For instance, among the commentaries written on \" Amtsilah,\" the following can be mentioned: \"Sharh al-Amtsilah\" by Muslih al-Dīn Mustafa Surūrī, \"Sharh al-Amtsilah\" by Abdullah Efendi of Kuyucak, \"Sharh al-Amtsilah\" by Dāvūd al-Karsī, \"Amtsilah Sherhi\" by Kosah Efendi (also known as Chorekchi-zadah Ahmad Nuzhat), \"Amtsilah Sherhi \" by Askidji-zadah, and \"Amtsilah al-Jadidah\" by Mehmed Esʿad Effendi. Likewise, many commentaries exist on \"Binā’ \" as well. Among these, the following works can be mentioned: \"Sharh al-Binā’ \" by Muslih ad-Dīn Mustafa Surūrī, \"Murshid al-Ghinā fī Sharh al-Amtsilah wa al-Binā’ \" by Nushī Effendi, \"Sharh al-Binā’ \" by Abdullah Effendi of Kuyucak, \"Sharh al-Binā’ \" by Dāvūd al-Karsī, \"Sharh al-Binā’\" by Muhammad bin al-Hājj Hamīd al-Kafawī (Akkirmānī), \"Asās al-Binā’\" by Ahmad Rushdi Karaaghajī, and \"Talhīs al-Asās\" by Ali bin Uthmān Akshehrī. In addition to these works, there is a lesser-known commentary on both \"Amtsilah\" and \"Binā’\" even absent in our libraries. The manuscript of \"Sharh al-Binā’ wa al-Amtsilah,\" found abroad, in the Riyadh University Library, has an unknown author. The handwriting of the copy is legible naskh script, and it was likely written in the 12th century or later as it is noted in the beginning of it. It is most likely that this commentary drew from many of the aforementioned commentaries. Unlike other commentaries, this particular work presents the conclusions of various discussions and the essential knowledge a student must know, in a concise and straightforward manner. As a result","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114942435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renunciation of Inheritance in Istanbul Bāb Court Registry No. 3: Takhāruj","authors":"Ayşe Şimşek","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.442","url":null,"abstract":"In the Ottoman Qadi Registers, it is seen that inheritance was shared in various ways. One of these is the takhāruj method. Takhāruj is an Islamic inheritance law term that refers to the renunciation of inheritance rights by heirs in exchange for property or for nothing. Based on court records, it is possible to see how people in Ottoman Istanbul three and a half centuries ago fought over their inheritance rights. Some of the heirs who did not receive their inheritance rights preferred to settle their inheritance through takhāruj. As can be seen in the documents, none of the heirs who made settlements through takhāruj could receive their original shares or a part of their shares, and they made settlements with other heirs in return for certain amounts. This study aims to analyze the takhāruj documents in the Istanbul Qadi Registers Bâb Court Registry No. 3 (H. 1077/M.1666-1667) and to evaluate the content and results of the takhāruj cases that were reflected in the court. İn this research, the methods of problem identification, data collection, data analysis, and interpretation of the results were applied. Accordingly, 14 takhāruj cases were identified by scanning the Bāb Court Registry No. 3. The language (diplomatic) and content of the takhāruj documents, the parties involved in the takhāruj document, the identities of those who made settlements with this method, the amounts and with whom they renounced their inheritance rights were determined. It is observed that some of the heirs renounced their rights to the inheritance specified in the document and made a settlement with the person who held the inheritance. In all of the takhāruj cases in this register, the heirs made a settlement with the other heir in exchange for the amount of money specified in the document instead of their inheritance shares in the inheritance. In four of the 14 cases, the heirs settled for cash and some previous debts. In three of these cases, the participants were non-Muslims. In six of these cases, only women, in six cases, only men, and in two cases, both male and female heirs settled with the heir who seized the inheritance (wāzı al-yad) through takhāruj. In five of these cases, the mediation of mediators (tawassut al-muslihīn - wasātat al-muslimīn) resulted in the settlement of the case through takhāruj, and in two of these five cases, there was a great deal of dispute between the heirs (munāza‘āt al- kasīra). An analysis of takhâruj cases shows that it is not possible to claim that the settling party agreed to the settlement voluntarily. As is evident in some of the cases, some heirs consented to the settlement by takhāruj because they could not receive their rights from the other heirs who held the inheritance despite their demands. It is always possible for heirs to consent to takhāruj because the Sharī'ah courts do not intervene in inheritance matters without a request (although the right to intervene is reserved in some cases), the kassāms collect a certain ","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125676218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burgâzî Fütüvvetmâmesi’ne Göre Hikâyelerle Ahlâkî Eğitim","authors":"Sahura Arıcan","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.399","url":null,"abstract":"Futuwwa means generosity, heroism, and youth. Futuwwat-nāma is the common name of the works that provide information about the rules and etiquette of futuwwa. Futuwwa, which had a mystical meaning at the beginning, has transformed into an economic, political, and social structure since the 13th century. This situation has increased the value of the futuwwat-nāmas, which are accepted as the constitution of the futuwwa. Futuwwat-nāmas are important in presenting a moral method that can be a source for today's education and society structure. In futuwwat-nāmas, the value of morality is emphasized in various stories. It is known that stories provide easy and permanent learning by concretizing abstract concepts. This paper, it is aimed to reveal one of the methods followed by the futuwwat-nāmas regarding moral education, based on the copy of the futuwwat-nāma of Burgāzī numbered 5481 registered in the Beyazıt Library. It is displayed that the book, whose subject focused on moral education through stories, claimed that the stories in the work have a decisive effect on moral education. Although there are studies on moral education with stories in the literature, it is thought that the futuwwat-nāmas, which are accepted as a reference source for the regulation of the Akhism and raising virtuous people, do not receive enough attention. In this respect, the Futuwwat-nāma of Burgāzī one of the first Turkish futuwwat-nāmas, which was written in the 13th century during the Anatolian Seljuk period, has been chosen. This study is important in presenting a moral model that can contribute to today's society and education system. In this study, qualitative and descriptive research methods were employed. Furthermore, chosen materials related to the subject investigated and were handled through the document analysis technique. During the study, the stories in futuwwat-nāma of Burgāzī were disclosed. The stories discussed in regard to the elements of the moral education model, along with the findings about its method, principles, target audience, purpose, and content, were provided. The study concluded that the teachings in futuwwat-nāma of Burgāzī offered a useful moral education method and were used as an effective method in raising people with virtuous qualities. In the stories in the futuwwat-nāma, it has been seen that the principle of educational values which were adopted hereby are suitable for everyone. The stories about the effects of good and bad morals on society and people are like a road map of how to achieve peace and trust through moral development. In the futuwwat-nāma, which is discussed, stories about moral values are given under the name of parable-story, especially the tale of the Qur'an based on Ashab al-Kahf and Yusuf's tale. In the work, short explanations about the stories are made, but the final interpretation is left to the reader to take a share of the story. It is thought that the model of raising virtuous people through the stories, which","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131553093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Tafsīr Approach in Ömer Nasuhi Bilmen's Tafsīr in Terms of Technology Signs","authors":"Mehmet Bağçivan","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.530","url":null,"abstract":"Summary\u0000Scientific tafsīr; It is the name given to the Tafsīr approach that advocates interpreting the verses of the Qurʾān by making use of scientific data and technological developments and uses it effectively in the interpretation of the Qurʾān. Although the traces of this understanding, which is based on the assumption that the Qurʾān points to the developments that emerged with the advancement of science and technique, can be traced back to the Abbasid period, its real prevalence was in the 19th century, in the modern period. Some Muslim scholars and thinkers, who grew up in a climate dominated by the idea that people will turn away from religions thanks to the guidance of reason and science, have tried to demonstrate that the Qurʾān does not contradict science through scientific Tafsīr. In this paper, it will be tried to put forward the approach to scientific Tafsīr in the Tafsīr of Omar Nasuhi Bilmen, a scholar of fiqh and Tafsīr who grew up in Turkey, named Turkish Translation of the Glorious Qurʾān and its Tafsīr. However, in this paper, I will not dwell on the examples in which Bilmen made use of scientific data in the explanation of the kevnî verses. Instead, in order to clarify his stance on this issue, I have considered it appropriate to consider some verses from the Qurʾān in which he finds signs of technological developments in his commentary. Based on the method advocated by al-Shatibi in the classical period, some scholars and thinkers in the modern period stated that any meaning unfamiliar to the first interlocutors could not be the purpose of the Qurʾān; They also argued that it would not be correct to interpret the fixed truths in the Qurʾān with these constantly changing scientific data, and they opposed scientific Tafsīr. Today, those who defend scientific Tafsīr are generally labeled as “modernist thinkers” who are influenced by the spirit of the period. However, this approach reflects a generalist attitude that has not been sufficiently considered. Because while many names who are known for their modernist views oppose scientific Tafsīr, many scholars such as Bilmen, who is considered to be in the line of traditional ulama, applied scientific Tafsīr methods. This paper is important in terms of showing that only \"modernist\" names do not adopt scientific Tafsīr. The aim of this paper is to determine both Bilmen’s approach to scientific Tafsīr and to correct the generalist view in this subject. In this paper, a qualitative analysis was made in Bilmen’s Tafsīr, and verses with high representative power were selected for our subject and his approach to the subject was tried to be determined based on his comments. In this context, it was determined that he found signs for electricity in the Qurʾān in al-Nūr 24/35, and for future transportation vehicles such as trains, automobiles, bicycles and airplanes in al-Naḥl 16/8. Again, he says in the Tafsīr of Hūd 11/40 that the possibility of Noah’s ship being a steamship is not far. Ag","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127451554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Islamic Law and the Algerian Family Code within the Framework of Unfair Divorce Provisions","authors":"Abdelbasset Khaled","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.347","url":null,"abstract":"Unfair divorce remains a significant issue faced by contemporary societies. Addressing this problem requires effective legal and legitimate interventions. The Algerian Family Code derives its fundamental principles from Islamic Sharia and is influenced by Islamic law. However, over time, the Algerian Family Code has undergone various changes and adjustments to align with modern legal and social needs. The implementation of unfair divorce under Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code has witnessed several differences and contradictions. This study examines the provisions related to unfair divorce in Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code, highlighting their similarities and differences and the extent to which the Algerian Family Code is influenced by Islamic law. The study focuses on the extent of harmony and divergence between the legal and jurisprudential bases concerning unfair divorce in Islamic Sharia and the Algerian Family Code. Considering that Islamic Sharia serves as the primary source of the Algerian Family Code, the study investigates the challenges and disagreements encountered in their application. The significance of this research lies in shedding light on legal and jurisprudential matters related to unfair divorce in Algeria, providing crucial references to legal, religious, and academic institutions to establish a balanced legal framework in cases of unfair divorce, and encouraging further research to find comprehensive and harmonious legal solutions for Algerian society. The study adopts a comparative and analytical approach by collecting data and legal sources related to unfair divorce in Islamic and Algerian law, including legal texts on family and legislation in Algeria, fatwas, and judicial decisions concerning divorce cases. The obtained information is meticulously analyzed and compared to identify the similarities and differences between the two legal systems regarding the concept and conditions of unfair divorce. Moreover, the study investigates the laws and provisions aimed at preventing unfair divorce in both Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code. The analysis and comparison reveal significant disparities in the concept and procedures of unfair divorce between Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code. While Islamic law refers to such divorces as \"bid'i divorce,\" the Algerian legislator designates them as \"unfair divorce.\" Furthermore, the instances qualifying as unfair divorce differ between the two systems. Under Islamic law, unfair divorce occurs during the menstruation period, during the \"clean\" period when the husband touches the wife, through three pronouncements in a single session, or during a terminal illness. In contrast, the Algerian legislator limits unfair divorce to three situations: when the husband intends to harm his wife through divorce, when the husband seeks a minor benefit at the expense of his wife, or when the husband's purpose in divorce is to obtain an unlawful advantage. Lastly, concerning ","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125281875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Study on the Negative Impacts of Digital Games on Moral-Spiritual Development: The Case of Judgment Day: Angel of God","authors":"Hatice Kılınçer","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.401","url":null,"abstract":"Games, which are a means of discovering and recognizing life for children, are a basic need. With the developments in technology, digital games have emerged as an alternative to traditional games. The new playmates of children, who are the new inhabitants of the digital world, are also digital games. Although many studies have been conducted on the negative effects of digital games on children, there is limited research on the effects of digital games on children's religious-moral development. In the study, it is aimed to address the negative effects and possible risks of some games in the simulation category on the basic developmental areas, especially the religious and moral development of children. In this context, the game Judgment Day: Angel of God, which is the most played by children in the simulation games category, was examined, and the negative effects and risks of the game on the basic development areas, especially the moral and religious development of children, were revealed. The reason why Judgment Day: Angel of God was chosen is that it has a large number of downloads in Turkey, its interface, its drawings, it is designed for children in terms of ease of playing, the game does not require hand-eye coordination or concentration, it is possible with every move/decision (correct-decision) in the game. It is highly preferred by children because it can be passed to higher levels by earning points (whether wrong or not), and it can be played without getting stuck in the levels. Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in accordance with the structure of the study. The game has been played to the highest levels, and its content has been systematically analyzed. Since the Turkish version of the game has been examined, its dimension related to religious development has been discussed in the context of Islam. The themes and content in the game were analyzed in terms of negative effects and risks on basic development areas, especially religious-moral development. presented under three headings. It has been determined that the directive, premise, symbol, and spatial features in the play (old male god figure, angel, heaven and hell drawings, sending people to heaven or hell by deciding on the name of God, etc.) are diametrically opposed to the principles of creed in Islam. However, it has been determined that the content and visuals in the game contain elements that will negatively affect their moral development, and that constantly repeated moral dilemmas (killing the spouse with cancer to avoid suffering, stealing flowers from the cemetery, killing people to release animals, etc.) can cause moral indifference in children. Finally, the presence of many instructions, pictures, and items that will negatively affect sexual development, self-care skills, and social-emotional development (playboy, prostitute, sexually explicit items, crime, and rude behavior, gay rights, etc.) has been revealed. It is thought that the re","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133255657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEB Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Portalı ve Değer Eğitimi","authors":"Meryem Karataş","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.508","url":null,"abstract":"The study is aimed at determining the values in some course programs opened on the axis of the Lifelong Learning Portal within the Ministry of National Education, and it is built on the contribution of the courses within the boundaries of lifelong learning to value education. It is assumed that the values to be gained in these courses are generally compatible with the root values that contribute to living together. The research brings together two topics that have been voiced loudly in recent years, such as lifelong learning and values education. What values are tried to be gained through courses to individuals who want to continue learning throughout their lives is important in terms of the contribution of the courses to social life. The aim of the study is to revealing which values are prioritized in the curriculum selected in the field of religious education in the lifelong learning portal and what are the contributions of these values to social life. At the same time, it is among the objectives of the research whether the values that are prioritized with the name \"root values\" in formal education institutions affiliated with the Ministry of National Education are compatible with the lifelong learning portal. In the research, the related teaching programs were examined descriptively through document analysis and the study has the characteristics of a qualitative research method. The data source of the research consists of different course areas in the field of religious education, which is included in the main heading of non-formal education programs among the courses opened on the portal. In total, eleven course programs were examined. The following results were obtained in the study: The value of love is included in all programs except the “religious education in the family” course. However, when it comes to family or religious education, the first value that comes to mind should be love. The value of respect is one of the common values in all the titles examined. One of the remarkable values is the value of contentment. There is a value of contentment in art-related courses, \"religious education in the family\" course and Quran education. It is a different point of view that the value of tolerance is included in living Islamic sects. Tolerance means ignoring, condoning, and is used synonymously with indulgence. There are exactly the same values in Wisdom Folk Songs - Exemplary Works from Turkish Classical Music courses and Business and Professional Ethics - Social Decorum courses. It has been observed that each of the root values is included in the course programs. The values of compassion, goodness, contentment, tolerance, kindness, gratitude, morality and tolerance, which are not included in the root values, are among the values included in lifelong learning courses. With its wide target audience and content, the lifelong learning portal awaits curious academists with the ability to conduct examinations and analyses from different perspect","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122318996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Family in Religious Education for the 14-15 Age Group: The Case of Sivas","authors":"Sena Sönmez","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.477","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is the period of transition of the individual from childhood to adulthood. In this process, the individual experiences a number of physiological, spiritual and mental changes. The most important of the changes experienced mentally is that the individual gains the ability to think abstractly. With the ability to think abstractly, the individual begins to perceive religious concepts that are abstract. At the same time, the conception of God in childhood acquires a spiritual dimension in this period. The religious attitudes and thoughts that the individual will have during adolescence leave deep traces in his life. More than one factor is effective in the process of religious development of the individual. The most important of these factors is the family environment the individual has been in since birth. In the research, the role of families in the religious education of young people in the 14-15 age group was discussed. The effect of religious education in the family and parents' religiosity on young people is discussed. The adolescence period, when religious values and thoughts begin to form, is also crucial in terms of religious education. In the study, the effect of families on young people in adolescence, which is considered a critical period in terms of the religious education of the individual, was investigated. During adolescence, the individual looks for people with whom he can identify in religious matters. For a healthy religious development to occur in young people, family members should be exemplary with their religious lives. In this direction, it is aimed to reveal the effect of religious education in the family, religious lives, and thoughts of parents on the religious development of young people. In the study, the effect of parents on the religious attitudes and behaviors of young people between the ages of 14-15 was examined by using a survey technique. The study was carried out with the participation of 309 high school students living in Sivas province who were educated in five different high schools in the 2021-2022 academic year. The data obtained through the questionnaire were uploaded to the SPSS package program by encoding. After giving information about the selection numbers and percentiles of the expressions in the survey, the chi-square test was applied to determine whether the demographic characteristics of the participants differed according to the expressions on the scale. The margin of error in the 95% confidence interval was examined as 0.05. As a result of the research, it was understood that families had an effect on the religious attitudes and behaviors of young people. It has been determined that the religious education given in the family affects the religious thoughts of young people. It has been observed that they have acquired most of the religious knowledge they have learned from their families. At the same time, it was determined that young people took their family members as an example in reli","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132138876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sünnîlik ve Şiîlik Temelinde Emir Timur’un Mezhep Siyaseti","authors":"Saliha Şahin, H. Gümüşoğlu","doi":"10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55709/tsbsbildirilerdergisi.334","url":null,"abstract":"Amīr Tīmūr won the struggle for dominance of the Chagatai society, one of the four parts that emerged after the Mongol Empire was disintegrated. He established his rule-based in Samarkand in the second half of the 14th century. Amīr Tīmūr's struggle with the dynasties formed with the dissolution of Ilkhanid domination in the Khorasan lands, where he expanded his sovereignty after 1370 when he came to power and occupied an important part of his political life. Since Khorasan is an area where Islamic sects spread and settled, it is known as a geography where sectarian conflicts are not lacking and the states establishing administration in the region face problems. While Tīmūr wanted to seize Khorasan to rebuild the Ilkhanid throne, he abolished Shiite dynasties such as Serbedarīs and Marashis and Sunni dynasties such as Kerts and Muzaffarīs. However, he gave an image of supporting Sunnism in his struggle with the Shiites. Similarly, with its harsh attitude towards Hurufis, who originated from Shiism, it did not recognize any movement that it thought was harmful to Sunnism. After capturing the lands of Chaghatay and Īlkhānate, he made expeditions to another Mongolian nation, Altınorda. His campaigns in Anatolia, Syria, and Iraq regions outside the Mongolian zone caused him to come face to face with the states in the area. Based on the practices of Tīmūr, who lost his life in 1405 when he launched his last expedition on China, during his military and political activities, many opinions have been put forward about his understanding of religion and sect. The fact that different interpretations were made due to Tīmūr's personality and religious life and that no study on this subject in the history of sects prompted us to investigate this issue. In this study, we aimed to reveal Amīr Tīmūr's approach to sects and his effects on the political activities he continued throughout his rule. In our study, we benefited from the Zafarnamas of Nizamaddin Shami and Ali Yazdī, who are historians of the Tīmūrid period, and the works of Aja’ib al-Maqdur by İbni Arabshah and the an-Nujum al-Zahirah of the Mamluk Historian Ibn Taghribirdi. We also examined the studies on Feridun Bey Munshaat, in which his correspondence with Sultan Bayezid was recorded. In addition, studies and copyrighted works with the History of Tīmūr were also used. As a result of our examination, it has been seen that Amīr Tīmūr's activities, beyond the religious and sectarian concerns, benefited from all kinds of situations to realize the aim of absolute domination with the influence of the understanding of Turkish and Mongolian sovereignty. While he was seen as the protector of Sunnism against the Shiites in the Khorasan region, he also eliminated the Sunni dynasties in the region. He organized expeditions to the lands of Altınorda, which was also Sunni. Therefore, it is seen that he built the aforementioned regions to unite the Mongol lands directly, not because of the problem arising from any ","PeriodicalId":286866,"journal":{"name":"TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132373529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}