Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"Advanced vitrification and selective partitioning strategies for sustainable high-level radioactive liquid waste management","authors":"Jayaprakasam Selvakumar ,&nbsp;Gattu Suneel ,&nbsp;Chetan Parkash Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Managing high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLW) from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing remains a significant challenge in the nuclear fuel cycle. Conventional vitrification into glass matrices for geological disposal, although technologically mature, represents a largely one-dimensional approach that permanently immobilizes radionuclides, including isotopes valuable for medical, industrial, and space applications. This review examines selective vitrification and strategic radionuclide recovery as an integrated framework for sustainable HLW management. The approach combines advanced vitrification technologies—such as Joule-heated ceramic melters, cold crucible induction melters, induction-heated metallic melters, and in-can melter—with targeted partitioning processes including UREX+, DIAMEX-SANEX, and extraction chromatography. These schemes achieve decontamination factors exceeding 10³ and enable waste loadings of 15-30 wt% in tailored glass and glass-ceramic waste forms. Selective recovery of key radionuclides offers significant reuse potential, including Sr-90 and Cs-137 for irradiation applications and Am-241 for radioisotope power systems. Importantly, removal of heat-generating nuclides before vitrification can reduce repository thermal loads by 30-40% and overall waste volumes by ∼25%. This strategy marks a shift from non-retrievable disposal to resource recovery, aligning HLW management with circular-economy principles and long-term sustainability goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 144858"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed-loop recycling: Could Denmark produce clinker from end-of-life concrete at scale?","authors":"Arvind Chauhan ,&nbsp;Teklit Ambaye ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Kunther ,&nbsp;Ana Teresa Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circular economy (CE), particularly closed-loop recycling, has been identified as a strategy to enhance the sustainability of the cement industry. The chemical composition of the raw meal – the raw materials used to produce cement – is a limiting factor in cement manufacturing, particularly for CE and end-of-life (EOL) concrete recycling. Cement closed-loop recycling entails retrieving ultrafine concrete waste particles (UFCWP, particle fraction between 0 and 0.25 mm) from EOL concrete using advanced recycling technologies that could replace clinker raw meal in cement clinker manufacturing. Utilizing a combined conceptual stoichiometry mass balance model with material flow analysis for the first time, this study demonstrates the chemical limitations of substituting raw materials with ultrafine EOL concrete in a closed-loop recycling process within the Danish clinker production. The main results indicate that a maximum of 11.76% UFCWP can be used to replace conventional raw meal in Danish cement clinker production, resulting in a 10% reduction in global warming potential compared to conventional cement clinker production. For this, we would require three times more EOL CEM I concrete in Denmark than is currently produced (approx 1.2 Mton). This study highlights the mismatch between current cement demand and EOL concrete for closed-loop recycling in Denmark.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"396 ","pages":"Article 144844"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drastic changes in carbon monoxide pollution in rural India (2000–2019) and its CMIP6 model future (2015–2100) projections","authors":"Mansi Pathak,&nbsp;Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a reactive gas that plays a crucial role in the atmospheric carbon cycle. It has significant implications for human health, manifesting in both short and long-term effects such as fatigue, headaches, nausea and confusion, as well as impacts on ecosystems and climate. Here, we investigate the long-term changes in CO levels, utilising data from ground-based, satellite, reanalysis, emission inventory and climate model projections for the period 2000–2019, in rural India. This investigation reveals that rural regions of Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), North East India (NEI) and Central India (CI) exhibit elevated CO levels ranging from 150 to 400 ppbv. The highest levels are observed during the months followed by agricultural waste burning (AWB) in January–March in rural IGP (200 ppbv) and NEI (275 ppbv), but the rural Hilly Regions (HR) maintain the lowest CO concentrations in India throughout the year. We find a reversal in CO trend from 2006 onwards, with a significant decrease of −1.25 ppbv/yr throughout rural India in 2006–2019. This decline in CO, despite the rise in emissions from all sources, except road transport, reveals its role in regulating the CO pollution. The engagement and enforcement of proper regulations (e.g. implementation of stringent Bharat Stage standards) also might have contributed to this reduction. Future projections across all Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios, with the exception of SSP3-7.0, indicate a substantial decrease in CO pollution in rural India by the end of 21st century. The decrease in CO levels in rural India signifies improvement in air quality resulting from government initiatives, including the Bharat Stage regulations, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana and the promotion of agricultural mechanisation for in-situ management of crop residue. This study, therefore, reiterates the significance of policies and their prompt execution in regulating CO pollution to enhance air quality and safeguard public health and environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144814"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphosphate-mediated heavy metal sequestration in non-genetically modified bacteria: mechanisms and biotechnological prospects","authors":"Eduard Villagrasa ,&nbsp;Neus Ferrer-Miralles ,&nbsp;Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi ,&nbsp;Antonio Solé","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human activities are increasing the bioavailability of metals and metalloids, creating serious environmental and health risks. Specifically, there is significant ecotoxicological interest in metalloid (arsenic (As)) and six heavy metals (HMs; cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and zinc (Zn)) due to their worldwide distribution in all habitats and highly toxic effects on terrestrial and aquatic biota. Understanding toxicity and persistence of HMs is essential for developing effective bioremediation strategies. Bacteria and archaea have evolved diverse cellular adaptations to resist HM toxicity, employing ATP-dependent (active) and ATP-independent (passive) substrate-specific mechanisms. Among them, bioaccumulation via polyphosphate (polyP) inclusions (intracellular) and/or granules (extracellular) has emerged as a central detoxification strategy. Cation-polyP complexes within bacterial structures facilitate metal immobilization, offering a viable approach for reducing HM bioavailability and cellular toxicity. Here, we synthesize the current knowledge on non-genetically modified HM-resistant bacteria, emphasizing bioaccumulation mechanisms mediated by polyP. To date, the role of polyP-mediated bioaccumulation in wild-type bacterial systems remains underexplored and lacks a comprehensive synthesis in the literature. Specifically, we explore (i) the primary bacterial strategies for HM sequestration, (ii) the chronological development of a global understanding of bacterial HM polyP-mediated bioaccumulation, and (iii) emerging biotechnological applications and future perspectives for implementing this strategy in contaminated environments. In contrast to earlier reviews, this work focuses on wild-type, non-genetically modified bacteria and emphasizes the role of polyP-mediated HM bioaccumulation as a resistance mechanism in natural habitats, which can be used for biotechnological applications in resource recovery and HM bioremediation<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"395 ","pages":"Article 144828"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable membranes from industrial waste valorization for microbial electrochemical desalination systems","authors":"Himanshi Sen ,&nbsp;Monika Sogani ,&nbsp;Sovik Das ,&nbsp;Karishma Maheshwari","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freshwater scarcity and the environmental burden of reverse osmosis (RO) reject streams demand sustainable desalination alternatives. Microbial desalination cells (MDCs), integrated with bioelectrochemical processes, have emerged as eco-friendly platforms for simultaneous wastewater treatment, ion removal, and energy recovery. However, their reliance on costly, ion-exchange membranes limits scalability. This review critically examines low-cost waste-valorized membranes fabricated from agricultural residues, polymeric wastes, ceramics, and industrial byproducts as green substitutes for conventional membranes in MDCs. This review critically discusses the past progress of low-cost waste additives to multifunctional, biofunctionalized membranes with superior ion transport, antifouling, and self-cleaning capabilities. The major focus of the paper is on strategies such as graphene oxide doping, enzyme immobilization, and magnetic biochar integration that can enhance performance, conductivity, and fouling resistance, alongside reducing cost and carbon dioxide footprint. Based on the in-depth analysis, a comprehensive roadmap is proposed encompassing feedstock standardization, green fabrication, novel manufacturing techniques including digital process optimization, techno-economic analysis, integrated MDC-RO systems, and end-of-life recycling, aimed at enabling scalable, decentralized, and cost-effective desalination solutions. Further, the integration of waste-derived membranes into MDC-RO hybrids is presented as a viable pathway to increase water recovery, reduce fouling, and lower energy demand. This work underscores the potential of waste-valorized membranes as next-generation sustainable solutions for water-energy nexus challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144808"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fenton and photo-Fenton strategies for sustainable pesticide decontamination. A review","authors":"Juan M. Peralta-Hernández ,&nbsp;Enric Brillas","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides are synthetic pesticides widely used to control or destroy pests in agriculture. Their toxic persistence as residues in waters and soils is hazardous for plants and animals, necessitating their removal. This article presents a critical and comprehensive review of recent trends of Fenton and photo-Fenton strategies to destroy such pollutants from 2021 to May 2025. In synthetic solutions, homogeneous Fenton with H₂O₂/Fe²⁺ yielding oxidant ^•OH was limited to pH = 3.0 and by Fe(OH)₃ sludge precipitation upon neutralization. Homogeneous Fenton-like processes with iron complexes solved this situation, allowing complete abatement of herbicides at higher pH values. Heterogeneous Fenton and Fenton-like processes with the generation of ^•OH, O₂^•−, and/or ¹O₂ oxidants also gave good degradation at pH &gt; 3.0. Photo-Fenton upgraded Fenton by producing more ^•OH from photo-Fenton reaction and photolysis of final Fe(III)-carboxylate species. Fast degradation was achieved at pH = 3.0 by homogeneous photo-Fenton upon UVC light and at pH = 7.0 by solar heterogeneous photo-Fenton. Combined processes like photocatalysis/photo-Fenton were more effective in removing pesticides than the individual ones. Pesticides in real wastewater were more slowly remediated than in pure water by heterogeneous Fenton and photo-Fenton. Positive Fenton treatments were applied to soils contaminated with pesticides, using activators/oxidants added to soil or soil washing effluents. The toxicity analysis of treated pesticide solutions by predictive programs of primary by-products and experimental assessment with microalgae, bacteria, and plants is detailed. The scaling up for industrial pesticide wastewaters is discussed as the main challenge of these treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144784"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel ecotoxicological assessment of three soil-applied pesticides using Allium cepa and Vicia faba as plant bioindicator models","authors":"Ahmed Farahat El-Aswad ,&nbsp;Sabreen A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Maher Ibrahim Aly","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While pesticides are widely used for pest control, they can adversely affect non-target plants by inducing physiological, cytogenetic, anatomical, and biochemical disturbances, many of which are overlooked in standard phytotoxicity evaluations. This study investigated the effects of three soil-applied pesticides aldicarb, carboxin, and metribuzin, on two plant bioassay models, <em>Allium cepa</em> and <em>Vicia faba</em>. Cytogenetic parameters (mitotic index, mitotic phase distribution, and chromosomal aberrations), anatomical structures, and key enzyme activities (peroxidase, phosphatase, esterase, RNase) were assessed. All pesticides caused a concentration-dependent decline in mitotic index and increased chromosomal abnormalities, particularly metaphase suppression, chromosomal fragments, and stickiness. <em>A. cepa</em> was generally more sensitive than <em>V. faba</em>. Metribuzin exhibited the highest genotoxicity, followed by carboxin and aldicarb. Vegetative growth was significantly reduced, with the aldicarb having the strongest inhibitory effect. Metribuzin induced a biphasic (hormetic) response, enhancing growth at low concentrations but inhibiting it at higher doses. Anatomical analysis revealed severe tissue damage, including phloem collapse, cortical degradation, and abnormal vascular development, especially under aldicarb. Enzyme assays showed tissue- and dose-specific disruptions: peroxidase was stimulated at low doses but inhibited at higher ones; esterase and phosphatase were significantly suppressed, especially by metribuzin, while RNase was least affected. These results highlight the need to consider both visible and subtle sub-lethal effects in pesticide risk assessments. <em>A. cepa</em> and <em>V. faba</em> proved to be sensitive and reliable models for ecotoxicological screening, supporting their continued use in regulatory evaluations of pesticide safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"395 ","pages":"Article 144799"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulating dosing regimes to optimise nitrogen removal in partially-saturated vertical-flow treatment wetlands","authors":"Sukhjit P. Singh ,&nbsp;Chris C. Tanner ,&nbsp;James P.S. Sukias ,&nbsp;Mark C. Lay ,&nbsp;Graeme Glasgow","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Partially saturated vertical flow (PSVF) wetlands represent a promising, low-cost and easily implemented wastewater treatment technology for on-site treatment in small communities. However, to date, no studies have evaluated PSVF systems under realistic diurnal loading conditions which reflect the fluctuating inflows typical of small-scale household applications. Previous research has largely focused on flow-equalised dosing regimes and the influence of operational parameters, particularly dose volume, has received little attention. To address this gap, this study assesses the treatment performance of three PSVF wetland configurations (zeolite–woodchips, gravel–woodchips, and complete woodchips) subjected to diurnal loading. Three discrete dose volumes (2.75, 5.5, and 11 mm) were applied while maintaining a constant daily hydraulic loading rate of 110 mm d⁻¹, enabling systematic evaluation of how dosing strategies interact with media composition under realistic operating conditions. Organic matter and TSS performance under diurnal loading was similar to that under regular dosing with all PSVF systems achieving removals greater than 95% for cBOD₅ and ∼85% for TSS. Zeolite-woodchip systems consistently removed 97–99% of ammoniacal nitrogen irrespective of dose size, while removal for gravel-woodchip and complete woodchip systems declined with increasing dose size. Both the free-draining (FDL) and saturated layers (SL) contributed to overall TN removal. TN removal peaked at 93% in the complete woodchip system at the smallest diurnal dose but fell below 60% at larger doses due to ammonium breakthrough. In contrast, zeolite-woodchip systems provided 75% TN removal at the large diurnal dose size, comparable to regular hourly dosing operation. Denitrification rates in the woodchip SL were similar across systems and dosing regime falling within the range of 4–6.5 g m⁻³ d⁻¹. Larger applied dose size increased breakthrough of <em>E. coli</em> and phosphorus, due to more rapid percolation of wastewater through the FDL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"395 ","pages":"Article 144827"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of (aided)phytoextraction in Pb/Zn mine tailings using hyperaccumulators improves soil health","authors":"V. Álvarez-López ,&nbsp;B. Rodríguez-Garrido ,&nbsp;A. Prieto-Fernández ,&nbsp;C. Trasar-Cepeda ,&nbsp;C. Monterroso ,&nbsp;P. Kidd","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytoextraction is a soil remediation technique that involves growing plants capable of absorbing and accumulating high levels of trace metals in their aboveground parts from contaminated soils. The process can be aided by the use of organic amendments or the intercropping of plants. A field trial of (aided)phytoextraction was implemented in an abandoned Pb/Zn-mining area in the NW of Spain. The Cd/Zn-hyperaccumulator <em>Noccaea caerulescens</em> was planted in monoculture or co-cropped with the leguminous <em>Lotus corniculatus</em> in replicate plots established in non-amended or compost-amended mine tailings. Compost amendment improved soil properties such as total C and N contents, C/N ratio and nutrient availability, but decreased soil metal availability. Compost addition improved plant nutrition and biomass production of the hyperaccumulator. After 1.5 years of plant growth, no significant changes in soil total metal concentrations were observed. However, the concentrations of NH₄Cl-extractable Zn decreased in plots cultivated with <em>N. caerulescens</em>. Intercropping with the legume induced significant increases in shoot metal concentrations in the hyperaccumulator. Both plant cover and compost addition increased the activity of hydrolytic and dehydrogenase enzymes, while decreasing catalase activity, which showed abnormally high values in mine tailings. The successful establishment of plant cover was essential to maintaining the improvement of organic matter and other soil properties induced by the compost amendment over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144780"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury contamination in a changing climate: One health approaches to human, wildlife, and ecosystem protection","authors":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza ,&nbsp;Fernando Barbosa Jr. ,&nbsp;Jose L. Domingo","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mercury contamination exemplifies one of the most pressing global environmental health challenges of the 21st century, requiring integrated solutions that transcend disciplinary boundaries. This review provides the first comprehensive synthesis of mercury science through an explicit One Health lens, linking human, wildlife, and ecosystem health with the accelerating impacts of climate change. Mercury's global cycling and long-range transport generate interconnected exposure pathways, which simultaneously endanger human populations, biodiversity, and ecosystem integrity. The neurotoxic effects of methylmercury display remarkable cross-species consistency, driven by conserved mechanisms such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired neurodevelopment. Vulnerable groups, including pregnant women, lactating women, infants, children, populations with chronic comorbidities, indigenous communities, and apex predators, face disproportionate risks due to biomagnification and cumulative exposures. Despite regulatory advances, notably the Minamata Convention and its 2023 amendments, ongoing emissions and climate-driven perturbations continue to undermine management efforts. The present review identifies critical gaps in mixture toxicology, ecosystem-level consequences, and climate-mercury feedback. It proposes integrated interventions that simultaneously safeguard human health, wildlife populations, and environmental quality. By situating mercury contamination within the One Health framework, the review highlights the urgent need for coordinated transdisciplinary action to mitigate risks and advance planetary health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144821"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}