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Age, gender, and race differences in nasal morphology: Linking air conditioning and filtration efficiency to disparities in air pollution health outcomes and COVID-19 mortality
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144358
Alexander Ishmatov
{"title":"Age, gender, and race differences in nasal morphology: Linking air conditioning and filtration efficiency to disparities in air pollution health outcomes and COVID-19 mortality","authors":"Alexander Ishmatov","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>COVID-19 mortality disparities underscore the critical role of environmental factors, age, sex, and racial demographics. This study investigates how individual variations in nasal morphology – specifically its air conditioning (temperature and humidity regulation) and filtration functions – may influence respiratory health and contribute to differential COVID-19 outcomes.</div><div>Analysis reveals significant differences in nasal structure and function across racial, sex, and age groups, demonstrating associations with disparities in respiratory vulnerability to environmental stressors such as air pollution, infectious aerosols, and climatic conditions. Specifically, wider nasal cavities (more common in certain populations), larger male nasal passages, and age-related changes like mucosal atrophy and increased endonasal volume impair air conditioning and filtration efficiency.</div><div>These morphological variations influence the nose's protective capacity, which is critical for shielding the middle and lower airways from environmental exposures. Populations with inherently reduced nasal filtration and conditioning efficiency demonstrate higher vulnerability, aligning with U.S. mortality patterns for both COVID-19 and air pollution across demographic groups. This suggests a direct link between nasal anatomy and population-level health disparities.</div><div>These findings provide novel insights into the role of nasal anatomy in mediating respiratory health disparities by modulating individual responses to environmental exposures, air pollution, and pathogens. They highlight the need to address critical gaps in understanding how airway characteristics influence susceptibility to environmental stressors and to develop targeted interventions aimed at reducing health disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144358"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flood-borne pesticides are transferred from riparian soil via plants to phytophagous aphids
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144355
Franziska Fiolka, Timo Fuchs, Alexis P. Roodt, Alessandro Manfrin, Ralf Schulz
{"title":"Flood-borne pesticides are transferred from riparian soil via plants to phytophagous aphids","authors":"Franziska Fiolka,&nbsp;Timo Fuchs,&nbsp;Alexis P. Roodt,&nbsp;Alessandro Manfrin,&nbsp;Ralf Schulz","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface waters are known to be polluted by a number of contaminants including synthetic pesticides. As flooding events intensify due to climate change, the flood-mediated transfer of pesticides to terrestrial ecosystems may also increase, potentially resulting in unforeseen exposure for terrestrial food-webs. To assess the uptake and trophic transfer of flood-mediated pesticide entries, we simulated riparian soil contamination caused by floodwater in a climate chamber pot experiment. The floodwater contained 31 fungicides and insecticides at environmentally relevant concentrations. We exposed potted stinging nettle plants (<em>Urtica dioica</em>) which were colonized by aphids to four sequential simulated flooding events and measured the pesticide concentrations in the soil, plant roots, plant stems and leaves, and aphids using HPLC-MS/MS. After four flooding events, the sum of insecticide and fungicide concentrations increased six-fold in soil and over thirty-fold in nettle plants compared to the concentrations after one flooding event. Bixafen and etofenprox showed the highest concentration in nettle leaves and stems, indicating bioaccumulation. After the four flooding events, thirteen pesticides were detected at concentrations up to 13.7 μg kg<sup>−1</sup> in the phytophagous aphids with picoxystrobin, fipronil, trifloxystrobin, spiroxamine, and fluopyram showing biomagnification. This study shows that commonly applied pesticides can be transferred to riparian soils by flooding events, taken up by plants and biomagnify in herbivorous insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144355"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intersecting circular economy and child health: A scoping review of legacy brominated flame retardants in plastic childcare products and toys
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354
Rebecca Mlelwa, Hanna-Andrea Rother
{"title":"Intersecting circular economy and child health: A scoping review of legacy brominated flame retardants in plastic childcare products and toys","authors":"Rebecca Mlelwa,&nbsp;Hanna-Andrea Rother","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) banned under the Stockholm Convention due to their severe health effects, including endocrine disruption, neurodevelopmental problems, and cancer. Historically used in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), vehicles, furniture, and building materials, these chemicals persist in recycled plastics and have been found in children's products.</div><div>Our scoping review synthesized emerging literature to assess the extent of these chemicals in children's products. Of 799 initial results, 28 studies met our inclusion criteria after removing duplicates and excluding those that met exclusion criteria.</div><div>The 28 studies revealed widespread presence of legacy PBDEs and HBCDD in plastic childcare products and toys, including toys embedded in chocolates, often at concentrations exceeding the Basel Convention's low POP content limits. This widespread contamination stems from weak regulation of recycling practices in the circular economy, the use of recycled and potentially contaminated virgin plastics, and the absence of specific standards for POP-BFRs content in recycled plastics and children's products.</div><div>Children's unique vulnerabilities make this issue critical. Global actions are, therefore, needed to address this problem. The Basel Convention should adopt stricter POP content limits to prevent the recycling of plastics with high PBDEs and HBCDD levels. Both the Stockholm and Basel Conventions should establish safe limits for these chemicals in recycled plastics and ban contaminated recycled plastics in children's products to ensure a safer circular economy. Future research should apply a lifecycle approach to identify and mitigate all sources of legacy PBDEs and HBCDD in children's products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144354"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Addressing plastic pollution: A 3D-printed porous PAC scaffold for effective nanoplastic removal
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144351
Namyeon Kim , Da-Yeon Kim , Yunsoo Chang , Eui-Man Jung , Seung-Woo Lee , Eun-Hee Lee
{"title":"Addressing plastic pollution: A 3D-printed porous PAC scaffold for effective nanoplastic removal","authors":"Namyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Da-Yeon Kim ,&nbsp;Yunsoo Chang ,&nbsp;Eui-Man Jung ,&nbsp;Seung-Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Eun-Hee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive presence of nanoplastics has raised concerns about their effects on ecosystems and human health. Because of the heightened ecological and biological risks posed by nanoplastics, effective removal strategies for these particles are essential. This study focuses on the use of additive manufacturing techniques to fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) structure with integrated powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an active adsorbent for the removal of various types of polymer nanoplastics. The 3D-printed porous PAC scaffold was characterized using various analysis methods, and its adsorption kinetics and mechanisms for polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics were elucidated. The 3D PAC's versatility was verified against several other nanoplastics, including polyethylene terephthalate, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride. The results demonstrated that the 3D PAC scaffold effectively adsorbs PS nanoplastics through pore filling and chemical processes and that the adsorption exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics and conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model. The 3D PAC maintained its adsorption performance under various environmental conditions and exhibited promising results when used to remove nanoplastics from real freshwater samples. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D-printed PACs to address the growing challenge of plastic pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144351"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PFAS removal via adsorption: A synergistic review on advances of experimental and computational approaches
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144323
Hansini Abeysinghe , Xingmao Ma , Mesfin Tsige
{"title":"PFAS removal via adsorption: A synergistic review on advances of experimental and computational approaches","authors":"Hansini Abeysinghe ,&nbsp;Xingmao Ma ,&nbsp;Mesfin Tsige","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as “forever chemicals”, have become a major focus of current research due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. These synthetic compounds are notoriously difficult to degrade, accumulating in water systems and posing long-term health and environmental risks. Adsorption is one of the most investigated technologies for PFAS removal. This review comprehensively reviewed the PFAS adsorption process, focusing not only on the adsorption itself, but also on the behavior of PFAS in the aquatic environment prior to adsorption because these behaviors directly affect PFAS adsorption. Significantly, this review summarized in detail the advances made in PFAS adsorption from the computational approach and emphasized the importance of integrated experimental and computational studies in gaining molecular-level understanding on the adsorption mechanisms of PFAS. Toward the end, the review identified several critical research gaps and suggested key interdisciplinary research needs for further advancing our understanding on PFAS adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microplastic release from coronary catheters: Insights from catheter analysis
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144343
M. Dewika , N. Kantha , Kalaimani Markandan , Shalini Nagaratnam , N Ahmad Irfan , Mohammad Khalid
{"title":"Microplastic release from coronary catheters: Insights from catheter analysis","authors":"M. Dewika ,&nbsp;N. Kantha ,&nbsp;Kalaimani Markandan ,&nbsp;Shalini Nagaratnam ,&nbsp;N Ahmad Irfan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khalid","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144343"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do (xeno)estrogens pose a risk to earthworms? Soy isoflavones and estradiol impact gonad structure and induce oxidative stress in Eisenia fetida
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144315
Tiago Azevedo , Rita Silva-Reis , Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca , Mariana Gonçalves , Gabriel Mendes , Marta Roboredo , Maria J. Rocha , Francisco Peixoto , Maria de Lurdes Pinto , Manuela Matos , João R. Sousa , Paula A. Oliveira , Ana M. Coimbra
{"title":"Do (xeno)estrogens pose a risk to earthworms? Soy isoflavones and estradiol impact gonad structure and induce oxidative stress in Eisenia fetida","authors":"Tiago Azevedo ,&nbsp;Rita Silva-Reis ,&nbsp;Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca ,&nbsp;Mariana Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Gabriel Mendes ,&nbsp;Marta Roboredo ,&nbsp;Maria J. Rocha ,&nbsp;Francisco Peixoto ,&nbsp;Maria de Lurdes Pinto ,&nbsp;Manuela Matos ,&nbsp;João R. Sousa ,&nbsp;Paula A. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Ana M. Coimbra","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the impact of endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) across a wide range of species is crucial, given their ubiquitous presence. Although invertebrate species lack sex steroid hormone pathways, they exhibit sensitivity to EDCs, which could affect population dynamics. This study assessed reproductive endpoints and oxidative stress parameters in <em>Eisenia fetida</em> following exposure to estradiol and soy isoflavones, resembling the concentrations found in livestock manure. The experiment used artificial soil, as recommended by OECD guidelines (7:2:1 sand, kaolin and peat). Adult specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (<em>n</em> = 11/replicate): one control, three estradiol (156.1, 283.4 and 633.8 μg/kg of dry soil) and three soy isoflavones (113.0, 215.3 and 405.0 mg/kg of dry soil) concentrations. After eight weeks, samples were collected for cytological, histological and biochemical analysis. Offspring development was assessed after 12 additional weeks. Higher estradiol and isoflavone concentrations led to lower germ cell number and increased abnormalities, especially in the seminal vesicles and ovaries. Catalase and peroxidase activities were significantly increased in all treated groups. The exposure did not significantly affect the number of <em>E. fetida</em> offspring. These findings highlight <em>E. fetida</em>'s sensitivity to EDCs at a biochemical and tissue level, suggesting its use as a bioindicator for assessing EDC contamination in soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the fixed-bed column adsorption capacity of olive pomace biochar activated with KOH and H3PO4 for olive mill wastewater treatment: Insights from TOC and HPLC analysis
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144356
Imad Rabichi , Kawtar Ezzahi , Fatima Ezzahra Yaacoubi , Zaina Izghri , Karima Ennaciri , Abdelaziz Ounas , Abdelrani Yaacoubi , Abdelaziz Baçaoui , Mohamed Hafidi , Loubna El Fels
{"title":"Evaluating the fixed-bed column adsorption capacity of olive pomace biochar activated with KOH and H3PO4 for olive mill wastewater treatment: Insights from TOC and HPLC analysis","authors":"Imad Rabichi ,&nbsp;Kawtar Ezzahi ,&nbsp;Fatima Ezzahra Yaacoubi ,&nbsp;Zaina Izghri ,&nbsp;Karima Ennaciri ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz Ounas ,&nbsp;Abdelrani Yaacoubi ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz Baçaoui ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hafidi ,&nbsp;Loubna El Fels","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) using activated carbon derived from olive mill solid waste (OMSW). The OMSW was first converted into biochar on a pilot scale and then activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and phosphoric acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>). Characterization revealed that AC/KOH had a higher BET surface area (829 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>) than AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (749 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). Fixed-bed column experiments showed breakthrough times of 250 min for AC/KOH and 220 min for AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>. The adsorption capacities determined by the Thomas model were 275.9 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for total phenolics (TP), 774.7 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for total organic carbon (TOC) with AC/KOH, and 309.1 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for TP, 823.5 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for TOC with AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>. The Adams-Bohart model showed kinetic constants (K<sub>AB</sub>) of 0.332 for TP and 3.66∗10<sup>−5</sup> for TOC with AC/KOH, compared to 0.1926 for TP and 2.21∗10<sup>−5</sup> for TOC with AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>. The Yoon-Nelson model indicated τ<sub>50 %</sub> values of 171.57 min for TP 60.39 min for TOC with AC/KOH, 111.79 min for TP, and 41.75 min for TOC with AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed hydroxytyrosol concentration decreased from 4.9 g.L<sup>−1</sup> to 0.37 g.L<sup>−1</sup> with AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and 0.42 g.L<sup>−1</sup> with AC/KOH. The total phenolic concentration reduced from 5.57 g.L<sup>−1</sup> in untreated OMWW to 0.66 g.L<sup>−1</sup> with AC/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and 0.84 g.L<sup>−1</sup> with AC/KOH. These results demonstrate that both activated carbons effectively reduce phenolic concentrations.</div><div>This study achieves some of the highest adsorption capacities reported for OMWW treatment, this technique demonstrates the outstanding performance of the developed materials. Unlike most research, which focuses on static conditions, less than 10 % of studies explore dynamic fixed-bed setups, underscoring the novelty of this work. The materials can be easily integrated into conventional treatment processes, providing a cost-effective and sustainable solution. By utilizing byproducts from the olive oil industry to treat its wastewater, the approach creates a closed-loop system. Furthermore, the activated carbons are regenerable and reusable, enhancing their practicality while enabling the recovery of valuable polyphenols for added resource valorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144356"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Indoor environments: Evaluating air quality in Ulaanbaatar's traditional gers
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144338
Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi , Yadam Tuvshinbayar , Minjin Bat-ochir , Bettina Eck-Varanka , Katalin Hubai , Gábor Teke , Attila Trájer , Altantsetseg Tumurbus , Nora Kováts
{"title":"Indoor environments: Evaluating air quality in Ulaanbaatar's traditional gers","authors":"Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi ,&nbsp;Yadam Tuvshinbayar ,&nbsp;Minjin Bat-ochir ,&nbsp;Bettina Eck-Varanka ,&nbsp;Katalin Hubai ,&nbsp;Gábor Teke ,&nbsp;Attila Trájer ,&nbsp;Altantsetseg Tumurbus ,&nbsp;Nora Kováts","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ulaanbaatar (capital of Mongolia) is struggling with serious air pollution. In the so-called ger districts of the city, approximately 60 % of the population live in traditional Mongolian dwellings called gers, mostly relying on coal for winter heating. This study investigates PAH concentrations and associated health risks in 6 gers situated in the Songinokhairkhan district. The majority of the gers (5 out of 6) were characterized by the dominance of higher molecular weight, 5-and 6-ring-PAHs. In two of the sampled gers (G3 and 4), total PAHs concentrations were extremely high, reaching 38700 μg/g and 36200 μg/g. Using a Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm, we identified key PAHs—pyrene, benzanthracene, and phenanthrene—as primary indicators distinguishing gers with high (G2-4) versus low (Gers1, 5, and 6) air PAH levels. Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) assessments for both adults and children revealed that Gers 3 and 4 present the highest PAH-related cancer risks, with benzo(<em>a</em>)pyrene contributing substantially. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) further underscored distinct PAH profiles across the sites, and a dissimilarity matrix identified significant variation, particularly between Gers 4 and 5. Additionally, decision tree analysis highlighted Ger 4 as having the most distinct PAH characteristics. The combination of high altitudes, cold continental climate, and reliance on combustion within these gers emphasizes the potential for persistent pollutant buildup, particularly during winter. Our results underscore the urgent need for interventions in Mongolia and similar Central Asian regions, where indoor air quality is severely affected by traditional heating practices, contributing to elevated long-term health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144338"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Non-essential trace elements, methylmercury, and organic contaminants in hunted ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学
Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144324
Pierre-Yves Daoust , Gwyneth A. MacMillan , Enooyaq Sudlovenick , James Simonee , Marc Amyot , Magali Houde , Mélanie Lemire , Vincent L’Hérault
{"title":"Non-essential trace elements, methylmercury, and organic contaminants in hunted ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada","authors":"Pierre-Yves Daoust ,&nbsp;Gwyneth A. MacMillan ,&nbsp;Enooyaq Sudlovenick ,&nbsp;James Simonee ,&nbsp;Marc Amyot ,&nbsp;Magali Houde ,&nbsp;Mélanie Lemire ,&nbsp;Vincent L’Hérault","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ringed seals (<em>Pusa hispida</em>) are a key food resource for Inuit communities in Nunavut, Canada, thus justifying the need for regular monitoring of environmental contaminants in these animals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the current levels of some non-essential trace elements, including cadmium (Cd), total mercury (THg), and methylmercury (MeHg), and of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in ringed seals of eastern Nunavut. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, was also included because of its strong interaction with Hg. From 2016 to 2018, 117 seals were harvested and sampled during subsistence hunts. Young of the year (YY), the most harvested and consumed age class in this study, had lower levels of muscle and liver Cd, THg, and MeHg than juveniles and adults. Se and THg were highly correlated in liver, consistent with the presence of inert Se:Hg granules. Levels of PCBs and PBDEs in blubber were in the same range as elsewhere in the Canadian Arctic. Using recent European reference values for human consumption of food products, most seals of all ages exceeded the value for liver Cd, but many less exceeded the value for muscle Cd. Using the lower Canadian reference value for THg for human consumption of fish products but based on concentrations of MeHg, the more toxic form of Hg, no muscle samples and very few liver samples exceeded this value. These observations support the continuous use of ringed seals as a safe food source for Inuit communities of eastern Nunavut.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 144324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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