Chemosphere最新文献

Microplastic contamination in the western Arctic water column: A transition from pristine to polluted

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144577

Murugan Sambandam , Pravakar Mishra , Takahito Ikenoue , Ryota Nakajima , Motoyo Itoh , Kuppuswamy Dhineka , Thanamegam Kaviarasan , S.R. Marigoudar

{"title":"Microplastic contamination in the western Arctic water column: A transition from pristine to polluted","authors":"Murugan Sambandam , Pravakar Mishra , Takahito Ikenoue , Ryota Nakajima , Motoyo Itoh , Kuppuswamy Dhineka , Thanamegam Kaviarasan , S.R. Marigoudar","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic Ocean, once regarded as a pristine and untouched icy expanse, now faces an increasing threat from microplastic (MPs, <5 mm) pollution. This study presents quantitative data on MP contamination in the water column of the western Arctic Ocean. A total of 324 replicate water samples were collected using a CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth) rosette sampler from depths ranging from 9 to 297 m. The isolated MPs were analyzed using micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μ-FTIR). The average abundance of MP was 0.06 particles L<sup>−1</sup>, and the Beaufort Sea station (BFS 26) recorded the highest concentration (0.22 particles L<sup>−1</sup>). Blue-coloured and fibrous nature, small MPs (<500 μm) primarily composed of polyolefins were dominant. The distribution of MPs in the water column was as follows: Polar Mixed Layer (59 %), Pacific or Atlantic halocline (22 %), and the Intermediate layer of Atlantic water (19 %). This study provides valuable insights into the vertical distribution of MPs, their characteristics, and the probable sources of the influx of MPs into this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144577"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A low-energy solution for the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: UV-A LED photolysis

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144566

Indira Menezes, Carlos J. Pestana, Christine Edwards, Linda A. Lawton

{"title":"A low-energy solution for the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: UV-A LED photolysis","authors":"Indira Menezes, Carlos J. Pestana, Christine Edwards, Linda A. Lawton","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and eutrophication contribute to proliferation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in aquatic environments. Conventional treatments can be ineffective to remove high cell densities of cyanobacteria and dissolved toxins. Therefore, alternative mitigation strategies are required to effectively remove these contaminants at source. In a previous photocatalytic study (Menezes et al., 2021a), UV-A irradiation was used as a light control system, however, UV-A irradiation was shown to be effective in the removal of the cyanobacterium <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> PCC 7813 and four microcystins. In this study, a chemical-free water treatment approach using photoinduced photolysis was explored by using UV-A 365 nm LED irradiation, a low-energy wavelength near the visible light spectrum, for the effective removal of cyanobacteria and toxins. Six <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> strains (SCIENTO, NIES1099, B2666, PCC7820, 7813 and 7806) were exposed to UV-A 365 nm irradiation for seven days. Photosynthetic activity significantly decreased after 24 h, with samples showing little to no photosynthetic activity by the end of the investigation. Total microcystin concentrations (intra- and extracellular) decreased in UV-A treated samples with 86 % removal of combined microcystins. Notably, microcystins removal varied by analogue (94 % of MC-RR was removed compared to 9 % of MC-YR). Furthermore, nutrients in the cyanobacteria growth medium used in lab-scale experiments, such as nitrate and iron, enhanced the UV-A photolytic degradation of microcystins, reflecting the potential for environmental conditions to amplify treatment effects. This study represents the first proposal of a UV-A LED-based photolytic method for cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin removal, offering a transformative, low-energy and chemical-free water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144566"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing heavy metal migration in stone coal mining watersheds: Insights from coupled SWAT-MIKE21-ECO lab simulations

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144588

Adnan Ahmed , Huo Aidi , Qi Liu , Xuantao Zhao , Shimao Zhao , Chunli Zheng , Youning Xu

{"title":"Tracing heavy metal migration in stone coal mining watersheds: Insights from coupled SWAT-MIKE21-ECO lab simulations","authors":"Adnan Ahmed , Huo Aidi , Qi Liu , Xuantao Zhao , Shimao Zhao , Chunli Zheng , Youning Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal contamination in riverine systems, particularly in regions affected by historical mining activities, poses significant environmental and health risks worldwide. This study investigates the migration and transformation of heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Ni, and Al) in the Xiaomixigou watershed, an abandoned anthracite coal mine area in Ankang, China, using a novel coupled two-dimensional numerical model integrating SWAT, MIKE21, and MIKE ECO Lab. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the integration of these models to simulate complex heavy metal dynamics in a mining-impacted watershed, providing a comprehensive understanding of pollution sources, transport mechanisms, and spatial distribution. Field sampling and laboratory experiments validated the model, revealing that Al is the most significant pollutant (8.00–9.15 mg L<sup>−1</sup>), with concentrations decreasing downstream due to sedimentation and dilution. Zn and Ni showed similar trends, while Cd concentrations increased downstream, suggesting potential new pollution sources. The model's ability to simulate unmonitored areas and identify pollution hotspots offers critical insights for targeted remediation strategies. This study advances the field by demonstrating the efficacy of coupled hydrological, hydrodynamic, and water quality models in understanding and managing heavy metal pollution in complex watersheds globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144588"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of free ammonia, free nitrous acid, dissolved oxygen and salinity on hypersaline nitritation stability 游离氨、游离亚硝酸盐、溶解氧和盐度对高盐硝化稳定性的影响

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144576

Samah Abasi, Sheldon Tarre, Michal Green

{"title":"The effect of free ammonia, free nitrous acid, dissolved oxygen and salinity on hypersaline nitritation stability","authors":"Samah Abasi, Sheldon Tarre, Michal Green","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of saline and hypersaline wastewaters from aquaculture and various industrial sources is increasing, often containing elevated levels of ammonia that require treatment prior to environmental discharge. In order to treat hypersaline wastewater using partial nitritation-anammox or other nitrogen removing processes involving nitritation, it is essential to develop and investigate an efficient, stable, and reliable hypersaline nitritation reactor. This study examines the stability of hypersaline (4 % salinity) nitritation by investigating the effect of free ammonia (FA), free nitrous acid (FNA), dissolved oxygen (DO) and high salinity on the inhibition of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in continuous and mixed fixed bed reactors. Long-term (202 days) stable nitritation was maintained under hypersaline conditions using high FA concentrations (1–10 mg N/L). At low FA levels (<1 mg N/L), the NOB <em>Nitrospina</em> proliferated and nitritation was lost under both high and low DO conditions. Using high FA, nitritation could be recovered even following repeated cycles of NOB proliferation. Under FNA concentrations of 0.11 mg N/L, the NOB <em>Nitrococcus</em> proliferated. Salinity alone above 5 % was shown to selectively inhibit NOB proliferation without significantly impacting nitritation performance. The dominant ammonia-oxidizing bacteria belonged to the species <em>Nitrosococcus oceani</em> and genus <em>Nitrosomonas</em>. Under non-saline conditions, similar reactors showed that only under high FNA (0.11 mg N/L) were NOB inhibited. These results provide valuable insights into the nitritation processes under hypersaline conditions, which have been less investigated compared to non-saline conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144576"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the synergistic mechanism, apparent kinetics with reaction order, and toxicity of degradation products of norfloxacin by zinc oxygen vacancies and Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysis 锌氧空位和z型异质结光催化诺氟沙星降解产物的增效机理、随反应顺序的表观动力学及毒性研究

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144586

Xinyao Wang , Zhiling Huang , Yue Meng , Bo Xie , Zheming Ni , Shengjie Xia

{"title":"Study on the synergistic mechanism, apparent kinetics with reaction order, and toxicity of degradation products of norfloxacin by zinc oxygen vacancies and Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysis","authors":"Xinyao Wang , Zhiling Huang , Yue Meng , Bo Xie , Zheming Ni , Shengjie Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, ZnCdS/ZnCr-LDHs Z-scheme heterojunction containing zinc-oxygen bi-vacancy (V<sub>Zn + O</sub>) were constructed and applied to photodegradation of norfloxacin (NOR) in water. A comprehensive investigation was conducted into the effects of concentration of V<sub>Zn</sub> in the composite, amount of catalyst, concentration of norfloxacin, temperature of the solution, and pH on the degradation activity. It comprehensively investigates the reaction kinetics, establishing a complete kinetic equation and determining the activation energy. Key parameters including catalyst dosage, pH, and reaction orders are systematically analyzed to elucidate their influence on the reaction process. The reaction mechanism of photodegradation of NOR is deeply analyzed from the perspectives of thermodynamics and kinetics. Z-scheme heterojunction not only facilitates the separation of photogenerated charges, but also preserves photogenerated electrons with strong reducing ability and photogenerated holes with high oxidizing ability; The existence of double vacancies not only provides more active sites for the material, but also regulates the band structure of the material, which contributes to the generation of free radicals. The synergistic effect of Z-scheme heterojunction and V<sub>Zn + O</sub> resulted in a removal rate of 89 % for NOR with a concentration of 20 mg/L after 90 min of visible light irradiation. In addition, based on ESR and XPS test results as well as DFT calculations, the synergistic mechanism of Z-scheme heterojunction and V<sub>Zn + O</sub> in the photodegradation process was analyzed in detail from the aspects of band structure, electron transfer, free radical species, and built-in electric field. The pathway of NOR photodegradation and the toxicity analysis of intermediate products were also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144586"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reusable graphene oxide-based composite membranes for highly efficient and fast removal of pesticides from real water matrixes

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144571

Elena Pagalday , Hugo Salazar , Carmen R. Tubio , Beatriz Alonso , Tobias Kuhnt , Ahmed Elmaraki , Leire Ruiz-Rubio , Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez

{"title":"Reusable graphene oxide-based composite membranes for highly efficient and fast removal of pesticides from real water matrixes","authors":"Elena Pagalday , Hugo Salazar , Carmen R. Tubio , Beatriz Alonso , Tobias Kuhnt , Ahmed Elmaraki , Leire Ruiz-Rubio , Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water contamination caused by the excessive use pesticides is a growing concern, as these chemicals threaten both human health and ecosystems biodiversity. Current remediation methods are often ineffective in addressing these contaminants, highlighting the need for new solutions. This work reports on graphene oxide (GO)-based composite membranes developed through different strategies for the adsorption of thiacloprid (THI) from wastewater. GO shows adsorption capacity of 35.7 mg/g after only 3 min, and composite membranes incorporating GO into poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) were prepared by the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and salt leaching (SL) methods. The SL-prepared membranes exhibited superior porosity, hydrophilicity, and active site availability, achieving the highest THI adsorption capacity of 84.6 mg/g for the 40 % GO@PVDF-HFP sample, after 45 min. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms followed a pseudo-second order and Langmuir models, respectively, indicating a chemisorption process. These membranes demonstrated effective THI removal from both surface and groundwater effluents and a consistent performance over multiple cycles. The adsorption mechanism was also unveiled by confirming hydrogen bonding as the main contribution to the adsorption process.</div><div>These findings underscore the suitability of GO-based membranes for water remediation, offering robust performance under environmentally relevant scenarios, making them suitable for advanced water treatment technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144571"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyrolysis-GC/MS calibration for environmental quantification of tire tread: Standards and marketplace averaged elastomer subunit profiles 轮胎胎面环境量化的热解-气相色谱/质谱校准：标准和市场平均弹性体亚单位剖面

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144554

Stephanie A. Thornton , Sashoy G. Milton , Lauren R. Lautermilch , Andrey Massarsky , Kenneth M. Unice

{"title":"Pyrolysis-GC/MS calibration for environmental quantification of tire tread: Standards and marketplace averaged elastomer subunit profiles","authors":"Stephanie A. Thornton , Sashoy G. Milton , Lauren R. Lautermilch , Andrey Massarsky , Kenneth M. Unice","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) enables quantification of tire and road wear particles (TRWP) in environmental matrices, but method refinements are needed to account for elastomer subunit variations. Environmentally distributed elastomers are a composite of formulations from many tire manufacturers, which can be represented by specially prepared reference materials. Thus, this study analyzed cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT) composite materials blended from United States and European Union market-representative tire mixtures to determine operationally defined styrene (<em>S</em><sub><em>t</em></sub>) and 1,4-butadiene (<em>B</em><sub><em>t</em></sub>) monomer subunit content fractions in synthetic rubber (SR) fractions. Bootstrap resampling with least squares optimization revealed similar <em>B</em><sub><em>t</em></sub> (0.64–0.73) and <em>S</em><sub><em>t</em></sub> (0.06–0.09) contents across market composites, though precision decreased with larger particle sizes. Calibration polymer solutions stored at 4 °C maintained stability for three months, with response ratio changes below 15 %. Although alternative internal standards were evaluated, structural similarity between target and calibration polymers proved essential for complex environmental matrices, with up to 20 % quantitation differences observed when using dissimilar standards. This study demonstrates that market-representative composite CMTT materials provide operationally-defined elastomer subunit profiles that account for commercial variability in tire formulations. This approach enables accurate environmental TRWP quantification without requiring individual elastomer characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144554"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic approaches for effective estrogen degradation in wastewater treatment: wetland-UV/O3 pilot-scale investigation 废水处理中有效降解雌激素的协同方法：湿地- uv /O3中试研究

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144585

Tong Zhang , Ting Feng

{"title":"Synergistic approaches for effective estrogen degradation in wastewater treatment: wetland-UV/O3 pilot-scale investigation","authors":"Tong Zhang , Ting Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of estrogens in wastewater treatment plant effluent is increasingly recognized as a significant concern for environmental health. In this study, we showcase the efficacy of a pilot-scale 5 m<sup>3</sup>/d artificial wetland-UV/O<sub>3</sub> advanced oxidation treatment system in consistently achieving removal efficiencies exceeding 80 % for two key estrogens: nonylphenol and bisphenol A. Specifically, the system achieved average removal rates of 95.32 % for nonylphenol and 92.66 % for bisphenol An under optimal conditions where the constructed wetlands were combined with O<sub>3</sub> and fully open UV lamps. Additionally, this integrated system effectively reduced other pollutants, such as ammonia nitrogen (<1 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (<20 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (<4 mg/L), total phosphorus (<0.2 mg/L), and color (less than 10° after UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment). The design and operation of this innovative treatment process offer a promising solution for mitigating estrogen contamination in sewage treatment plant effluent. Furthermore, the experimental data gathered provide valuable insights for potential future scaling of this technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144585"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a cleaner process for furfural production and pectin extraction from brewery and winery residues 从啤酒厂和酒窖残留物中提取糠醛和果胶的清洁工艺研究

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144574

Celina Podetti , Daniela Zalazar-García , Virginia Castro , Laura Noel García , M. Paula Fabani , Rosa Rodríguez , Germán Mazza

{"title":"Towards a cleaner process for furfural production and pectin extraction from brewery and winery residues","authors":"Celina Podetti , Daniela Zalazar-García , Virginia Castro , Laura Noel García , M. Paula Fabani , Rosa Rodríguez , Germán Mazza","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of furfural and pectin extraction from brewer's spent grain (BSG) and grape marc (GM) represents a sustainable strategy for valorizing agro-industrial residues either through the recovery or the transformation into high-value compounds. Furfural, a versatile platform molecule with broad industrial applications, and pectin, widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries, were extracted using an environmentally benign method combining phosphoric acid, thermal treatment, and ultrasound. A Box–Behnken experimental design was employed to evaluate the influence of pH, extraction time, and temperature on product yields. Mathematical models were developed to describe the relationships between the experimental conditions and extraction efficiency, and multi-objective optimization using genetic algorithms was applied to simultaneously maximize furfural concentration and pectin yields. BSG outperformed GM due to its higher hemicellulose and pectin content, yielding greater product concentrations. Optimal simultaneous production of furfural and pectin extraction conditions for BSG were 74.5 °C, 45.1 min, and pH 1.7, resulting in 103.26 mg g<sup>−1</sup> dry weight (dw) of furfural and 2.83 % (28.3 mg g<sup>−1</sup> dw) pectin. The combination of ultrasound and phosphoric acid effectively disrupted the lignocellulosic matrix, enhancing the recovery of these valuable bioproducts. This approach aligns with the principles of green chemistry and circular economy, offering a promising pathway for the integrated valorization of agro-industrial by-products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144574"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human exposure to PFASs in a contaminated area: associations between water and serum levels 人类在污染地区暴露于全氟辛烷：水和血清水平之间的关系

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144575

Anna Maria Ingelido , Valentina Fuscoletti , Annalisa Abballe , Mario Cerroni , Elena Dellatte , Nicola Iacovella , Valentina Marra , Silvia Valentini , Luca Lucentini , Elena De Felip , Francesca Russo

{"title":"Human exposure to PFASs in a contaminated area: associations between water and serum levels","authors":"Anna Maria Ingelido , Valentina Fuscoletti , Annalisa Abballe , Mario Cerroni , Elena Dellatte , Nicola Iacovella , Valentina Marra , Silvia Valentini , Luca Lucentini , Elena De Felip , Francesca Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and poly- fluorinated substances (PFASs) are industrial chemicals which may exert toxic effects on humans. Widespread use, environmental mobility and persistence enabled these substances to spread and accumulate in the environment.</div><div>In this paper, we investigated the determinants of human exposure in a hotspot area characterized by PFAS water contamination. The area covers approximately 600 km<sup>2</sup> and is inhabited by about 150000 people. We examined the relationship between water and serum PFAS concentrations. We estimated PFAS weekly intakes, serum to public drinking water ratios, and clearance factors, and analysed the influence of individual characteristics of participants in PFAS elimination.</div><div>Our results confirmed that water was a major source of PFAS exposure in the study area. For most participants, weekly PFAS intakes from water exceeded the tolerable weekly intake set by the European Food Safety Authority. Median serum to public drinking water ratios ranged from 5.3 to 1086 for the considered PFASs. Clearance rates were lower in males than in females, even after accounting for potential confounding factors. This sex difference in clearance rates supports the hypothesis that lower PFAS levels in females may be due to faster elimination.</div><div>Our findings contribute to a better understanding of human exposure to PFASs through water and can support the refinement of prevention and remediation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 144575"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0