Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"Rhodium recovery from acidic wastewater using radiografted chelating adsorbents","authors":"Jelena Petrović ,&nbsp;Xiao-Han Pan ,&nbsp;Zeynep Talip ,&nbsp;Jian-Hua Zu ,&nbsp;Đorđe Cvjetinović","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the effectiveness of radiografted chelating adsorbents for the recovery of rhodium (Rh) from acidic wastewater, focusing on functionalized materials with and without loaded silver (Ag). Platinum group metals (PGMs), particularly Rh, are essential yet rare, necessitating efficient recovery methods from industrial waste. Rh exhibits complex chemistry in acidic environments, often complicating its extraction and recovery. Traditional methods such as solvent extraction and ion exchange adsorption have limitations, prompting the development of alternative recovery methods. The adsorption efficiency of these materials was evaluated in a wide range of hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations, both in static and dynamic conditions. Radiotracer ¹⁰¹Rh was used to track and quantify Rh adsorption. Results show that the radiografted chelating adsorbents exhibit high distribution coefficients (<em>K</em>_<em>d</em>, <em>LogK</em>_<em>d</em> ≈ 3) and high adsorption capacities (<em>Q</em>_<em>c</em> &gt; 74 mg/g), comparable or superior to commercial resins, particularly under varying pH conditions. Selective recovery of Rh was achieved even in the conditions of extreme competition (with additional 21 metal ions). Therefore, amine and amide-based adsorbents presented in this study could offer a sustainable and inexpensive alternative to standard methods of Rh recovery from industrial waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144240"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of chlorinated paraffins and olefins in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market","authors":"O. Mendo Diaz ,&nbsp;A. Tell ,&nbsp;S. Hangartner ,&nbsp;J. Hutter ,&nbsp;U. Stalder ,&nbsp;H. Friedl ,&nbsp;A.M. Buser ,&nbsp;S. Kern ,&nbsp;L. Bigler ,&nbsp;D. Bleiner ,&nbsp;N.V. Heeb","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are plastic additives, which are targeted by international regulatory entities due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, potential for long-range environmental transport and adverse effects. In this work, CPs were analyzed in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market collected in 2021. Up to 144 plastic samples were pre-screened with a GC-ECD method. Plastic samples containing CPs (32, 22%) were further analyzed at homologue level by an LC-APCI-Orbitrap-HRMS method. Respective mass spectrometric data were extracted and evaluated with the CP-Hunter program at the rate of seconds per sample. Qualitative analysis of the LC-HRMS method revealed distinctive C_nCl_x-homologue distributions of both chlorinated paraffins and olefins (COs), highlighting the diversity of CP-mixtures present in the Swiss market. The presence of C₂₁- to C₃₁-homologues in plastic consumer products is reported herein for the first time. Based on the specific fingerprints and the parameters deduced, these samples were grouped with a principal component analysis (PCA). Three industrial strategies were identified in the manufacturing of CP-containing plastics to either comply with or circumvent regulations. These strategies included the avoidance of the SCCP-fraction (type-A), the indiscriminate use of complex technical CP-mixtures (type-B) and the combination of technical CP-mixtures of different carbon-chain lengths and chlorination degrees (type-C). Results showed that the most used strategy was type-B and a partial substitution of SCCPs by MCCPs and LCCPs. Quantitative analysis exhibited that the SCCP content of 20 (14%) out of 144 plastic samples exceeded the Swiss legal limit of 1.5 mg SCCPs per g of plastic. The C_nCl_x-homologue distribution of these plastic samples were type-B and type-C. Therefore, regular monitoring should be conducted to ensure that the composition of plastic products adheres to current regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144239"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coral incorporating microplastics leads to a health-risking immunometabolic shift","authors":"Chuan-Ho Tang ,&nbsp;Ching-Yu Lin ,&nbsp;Hsing-Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic pollution has been associated with coral susceptibility to disease, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. An untargeted lipidomic profiling was therefore performed to gain an insight into the effect of microplastics on a vulnerable coral (<em>Turbinaria mesenterina</em>) of actively reacting to suspended particles. Expending storage lipids on actions such as increasing 20:4-possessing ether membrane lipids and mitochondrial β-oxidation for immunoactivation was observed in coral hosts. A molecular realignment of symbiotic communication was correspondingly observed from symbiotic algae activating anti-inflammatory actions, which employed the 22:6-deriving effects that expended storage lipids as well, by, for example, increasing 22:6-possessing membrane lipids. Symbiotic algae reacting against the heightened host immunity also led to a metabolic compromise that lowered photoprotective capacity. Worryingly, increasing these polyunsaturated membrane lipids potentially sensitize the cells to oxidative stress-induced cell death that was simultaneously indicated by a sphingolipid profile as lipid peroxidation preliminarily increased in coral. Microplastic accumulation thus potentially increase coral susceptibility to environmental factors being able to elevating the oxidative stress, such as light-heat stress. In this manner, microplastic pollution in the ocean would chronically impair coral health, being highlighted by this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144245"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum exposure alters oocytes spindle, and tadpole behavior with modifications of proteasome and oxidative stress markers in Xenopus laevis","authors":"Pélagie Douchez ,&nbsp;Marie Closset ,&nbsp;Alain Martoriati,&nbsp;Ingrid Fliniaux,&nbsp;Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura,&nbsp;Katia Cailliau,&nbsp;Matthieu Marin","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum, a non-essential metal, identified as potentially toxic to organisms, is increasingly released and accumulated into the aquatic ecosystems as a result of human activities. However, only a few data are available regarding its action in aquatic vertebrates during their early stages of development. In order to further investigate the toxicity mechanisms induced by this metal, we used a relevant model in ecotoxicology <em>Xenopus laevis</em>. Oocytes and embryos were exposed to aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃), at various concentrations, ranging from environmentally relevant levels to those known to cause toxicity. The results indicate that during oocyte maturation, abnormalities in meiotic spindles were observed at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 50 mg/L. At these exposure concentrations, the fertilization efficiency, phenotypes and cardiac rhythms of tadpoles were not affected. On the contrary, at 50 mg/L, the behavior of 6 days tadpoles was modified towards a longer hypoactivity. Concomitantly, Western blot analysis showed that heat shock Hsp70 and proteasome Rpn10 were increased, while, oxidative stress markers Sod1, Gst, and Nrf2 were decreased. Our work identifies aluminum as a threat to oocyte maturation and tadpole behavior in <em>Xenopus laevis</em> potentially impacting their population dynamics. Moreover, Nrf2 and Rpn10 are uncovered as potential toxicity markers for this early tadpole period and could serve to evaluate aluminum exposure in aquatic species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144218"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the power of microbial consortia for the biodegradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Challenges and opportunities","authors":"Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou ,&nbsp;Rosalie Anne Ngono Ngane ,&nbsp;Zi-Hua Jiang ,&nbsp;Charles Chunbao Xu ,&nbsp;Wensheng Qin ,&nbsp;Hideyuki Inui","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants that pose significant risks to human health and ecosystems owing to their widespread use and resistance to degradation. This study examines the potential of microbial consortia as a sustainable and effective strategy for biodegrading PFAS. It highlights how these complex communities interact with various PFAS, including perfluorocarboxylic acids, perfluorosulfonic acids, fluorotelomer alcohols, and fluorotelomer-based precursors. Despite the potential of microbial consortia, several challenges impede their application in PFAS remediation, including effective microbial species identification, inherent toxicity of PFAS compounds, co-contaminants, complications from biofilm formation, diversity of environmental matrices, and competition with native microbial populations. Future research should focus on refining characterization techniques to enhance our understanding of microbial interactions and functions within consortia. Integrating bioinformatics and system biology will enable a comprehensive understanding of microbial dynamics and facilitate the design of tailored consortia for specific PFAS compounds. Furthermore, field applications and pilot studies are essential for assessing the real-world effectiveness of microbial remediation strategies. Ultimately, advancing our understanding and methodologies will lead to efficient biodegradation processes and positioning microbial consortia as viable solutions for PFAS-contaminated environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144221"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar, zeolite, and ferric chloride effectively separate phosphorus and nitrogen (plus potassium) in swine manure: A coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation approach","authors":"Krishna Yadav,&nbsp;Chumki Banik,&nbsp;Santanu Bakshi","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We studied the effectiveness of different coagulants (0.15 M FeCl₃, 0.40 M HCl, and 2.5% H₃PO₄) in separating key plant macronutrients (N as NH₄⁺, P, and K) from swine manure into solid and liquid fractions for their sustainable use in agriculture. This study assesses how these coagulants impact nutrient recovery and separated fraction's characteristics, aiming to improve the solid-liquid separation process using biochar and zeolite. The FeCl₃ treatment, biochar, and zeolite showed optimum nutrient recovery among the tested coagulants for solid (93% of total P) and liquid (90% and 50% of total NH₄⁺ and K, respectively) phase separation of swine manure. Most macronutrients present in swine manure Ca (99%), Mg (76%), and P (71%) exist in the solid fraction, while NH₄⁺ (100%) and K (72%) are predominantly present in the liquid fraction and their distribution changed under the influence of coagulating agents. Gibb's free energy (<em>ΔG</em>^<em>0</em>) values of P (−19.7 kJ mol⁻¹) and K (−5.31 kJ mol⁻¹) were used to assess the applicability of flocculation followed by sedimentation process as opposed to the reverse one. Characterization of manure solids using E₄/E₆ ratio, FTIR, pH metric curve, and desorption with Mehlich-III solution (∼12% recycled of 93% separated P) suggest that P strongly complexed in the separated solid fraction, possibly through cation bridging and ligand-exchange reactions. Adsorption-desorption results indicate that the cation exchange was responsible for NH₄⁺ (99%) and K (73%) recycling using zeolite. Inclusively, the study presents a proper combination of coagulant and physical processes to recover and recycle nutrients from swine manure effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144214"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of the envelope in Escherichia coli resistance to lithium","authors":"Nicolas Fierling ,&nbsp;Patrick Billard ,&nbsp;Antoine Dluzniewski ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Sohm ,&nbsp;Pascale Bauda ,&nbsp;Damien Blaudez","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing use of lithium (Li) in emerging technologies has prompted concerns about its effects on living microorganisms. To enhance our understanding of the bacterial cytotoxicity of Li, we conducted a deletomic analysis using the bacterial model <em>Escherichia coli</em>. A screen of 3,985 knockout mutants under Li stress highlighted 27 Li-sensitive and 15 Li-resistant mutants. The synthesis of peptidoglycan and the capsule, along with the secretion of colanic acid, contributed to resistance to Li. Ribosomes and the stringent response also seem to play a role in mitigating Li cytotoxicity. A cross-metal comparison revealed that the Li-sensitive phenotype of the mutants was shared with Ca, whereas the resistant phenotype was shared with Mg, Na and K. Moreover, this allowed the identification of Δ<em>acrA</em> as a Li sensitivity-specific mutant. AcrA is a subunit of the AcrAB–TolC efflux pump, which is responsible for the efflux of various xenobiotics. We demonstrate that Δ<em>acrB-</em>Δ<em>tolC</em> accumulates approximately 1.5 times more Li than the WT, indicating that this pump could also facilitate the efflux of Li. This study offers a more comprehensive insight into the mechanisms involved in the Li response in <em>E. coli</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144234"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological and genotoxicological assessment of water extracts of sewage sludge and other biogenic wastes: A piece of the SLURP jigsaw puzzle","authors":"Carlotta Alias ,&nbsp;Donatella Feretti ,&nbsp;Ilaria Zerbini ,&nbsp;Roberta Pedrazzani ,&nbsp;Marta Domini ,&nbsp;Giorgio Bertanza","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the considerable quantities of biogenic matrices employed in agricultural applications, there is growing concern about the potential negative effects resulting from the presence of harmful contaminants. The project “SLURP - SLUdge Recovery in Agriculture: Environment and Health Protection” planned a multi-stage approach in which the application of a wide battery of bioassays was proposed as an effective tool to measure the direct interaction of matrices with the different components of the ecosystem, from the molecular to the whole organism level. The aim of the present study, which is a part of the “SLURP” project, was to characterise the toxicological and genotoxicological properties of water extracts from biogenic wastes using several assays based on plant, bacterial and human cells. The aqueous extracts of four sewage sludges, a liming material, two manure slurries of swine and bovine origin, a digestate from bovine manure and a compost were chemically characterised for inorganic ions and heavy metals. Then the extracts were analysed using tests on <em>A.cepa, C.sativus</em>, <em>L.sativum</em>, <em>S.typhimurium</em> and human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) to assess toxicity (seed germination, root elongation, proliferation), mutagenicity and genotoxicity (primary DNA damage, chromosomal aberrations). The extracts exhibited chemical heterogeneity. Ammonia nitrogen, Ca²⁺, Fe and Zn were the most abundant elements. Toxic effects were caused on <em>A.cepa</em> and <em>L.sativum</em> by all extracts, while there were non-toxic effects on human cells. Genotoxic effects on <em>A.cepa</em> and <em>L.sativum</em> were instead caused by almost all the extracts, at least at the highest dose tested, while only four samples from one sewage sludge, liming material, digestate, and compost, caused DNA damage on human cells. None of the extracts induced mutagenic effects in <em>S.typhimurium</em>. A comprehensive interpretation of these results can only be achieved through the integrated evaluation of all eco-toxicological and chemical data obtained throughout the entire project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144175"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-informed neural networks for enhanced reference evapotranspiration estimation in Morocco: Balancing semi-physical models and deep learning","authors":"Chouaib El Hachimi ,&nbsp;Salwa Belaqziz ,&nbsp;Saïd Khabba ,&nbsp;Andre Daccache ,&nbsp;Bouchra Ait Hssaine ,&nbsp;Hasan Karjoun ,&nbsp;Youness Ouassanouan ,&nbsp;Badreddine Sebbar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hakim Kharrou ,&nbsp;Salah Er-Raki ,&nbsp;Abdelghani Chehbouni","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144238","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Reference evapotranspiration (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) is essential for agricultural water management, crop productivity, and irrigation systems. The Penman-Monteith (PM) equation is the standard method for estimating &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, but its data-intensive nature makes it impractical, especially in situations where the cost of full standardized weather station is prohibitive, maintenance is inadequate, or data quality and continuity are compromised. To overcome those limitations, various semi-physical (SP) and empirical models with limited weather parameters were developed. In this context, artificial intelligence methods for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; estimation are gaining more attention, balancing simplicity, minimal data requirements, and high accuracy. However, their data-driven nature raises concerns regarding explainability, trustworthiness, adherence to bio-physical laws, and reliability in operational settings. To address this issue, this paper, inspired by the emerging field of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), evaluates the integration of SP models into the loss function during the learning process. The new residual loss combines two losses –the data-driven loss and the loss from SP– through a &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; parameter, allowing for a convex combination. In-situ agrometeorological data were collected at four automatic weather stations in Tensift Watershed in Morocco, including air temperature (&lt;em&gt;Ta&lt;/em&gt;), solar radiation (&lt;em&gt;Rs&lt;/em&gt;), relative humidity (&lt;em&gt;RH&lt;/em&gt;), and wind speed (&lt;em&gt;Ws&lt;/em&gt;). The study integrates Priestley-Taylor (PT), Makkink (MK), Hargreaves-Samani (HS), and Abtew (AB), under four scenarios of data availability levels: (1) &lt;em&gt;Ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rs&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;RH&lt;/em&gt;; (2) &lt;em&gt;Ta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Rs&lt;/em&gt;; (3) only &lt;em&gt;Ta&lt;/em&gt;; and (4) only &lt;em&gt;Rs&lt;/em&gt;. The investigation begins with quality-controlling the data and studying the driving factors of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Next, the SP models were calibrated using the CMA-ES optimization algorithm. The proposed PINN was trained and evaluated, first, for the equal contribution scenario (&lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; = 0.5) and then for &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; in the interval [0, 1] with a step of 0.2, thus analyzing the impact of &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; on the PINN performance. For the equal contribution, the results showed that the integration had improved the PINN performance in all scenarios in terms of the &lt;em&gt;RMSE&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, surpassing the fully data-driven model (&lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; = 0) and the baseline model (&lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; = 1). Additionally, for all &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; within the interval [0.2, 0.8], the PINN required less training to reach optimal values. Finally, the optimal &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; values were determined for each scenario using CMA-ES and were 0.258, 0.771, 0.7226 and 0.169 for PT, MK, HS and ","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144238"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the stability of aerobic granular sludge under increasing fractions of slowly biodegradable substrate using quantitative image analysis","authors":"Sérgio A. Silva ,&nbsp;M. Salomé Duarte ,&nbsp;António L. Amaral ,&nbsp;Eugénio C. Ferreira ,&nbsp;M. Madalena Alves ,&nbsp;Daniela P. Mesquita","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the effects of increasing fraction of slowly biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (sbCOD) on the morphology, stability, and performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) used for wastewater treatment. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was supplied with synthetic wastewater containing acetate as readily biodegradable COD (rbCOD) and increasing concentrations of oleate as slowly biodegradable carbon source. The sbCOD fraction was gradually increased, reaching up to 50% of the total influent biodegradable COD (bCOD). Quantitative image analysis (QIA) revealed a significant shift in granule morphology and size distribution due to increasing sbCOD fractions. Larger granules (Deq &gt;1.0 mm) become predominant due to the washout of smaller granules (Deq &lt;1.0 mm), which evidenced deterioration in several structural parameters. In contrary, larger granules maintained stable compactness, robustness, and extent. These morphological and size distribution changes were concomitant with variations in reactor performance: total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency improved up to 94%, due to enhanced denitrification capacity, supported by the predominance of larger granules and increase in granules size at higher sbCOD fractions. In contrast, P-PO₄^3- removal efficiency declined, associated with the leakage of rbCOD to the aerobic phase, filamentous growth, and deteriorated sludge settling properties. These findings highlight the complex interactions between oleate characteristics, AGS morphology, and reactor performance, emphasizing the need for optimized strategies to mitigate process instability in AGS systems treating lipid-rich wastewater, ensuring sustainable and efficient wastewater treatment in real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 144233"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}