Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"An analytical commentary on the research article “Foliar application of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles ameliorates growth, yield traits, osmolytes, cell viability, and antioxidant system of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. grown in lead (Pb) stress”","authors":"Luis F.O. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 144679"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and health risks in Thailand's urban core","authors":"Jeevan Bhatta ,&nbsp;Orapin Laosee ,&nbsp;Piyapong Janmaimool ,&nbsp;Vladimir Strezov ,&nbsp;Cheerawit Rattanapan","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Particulate matter (PM) exposure poses significant health risks in rapidly urbanizing Southeast Asian regions, yet comprehensive assessments integrating meteorological influences and age-specific health risks remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluated spatiotemporal variations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations and associated non-carcinogenic health risks across Bangkok, Nonthaburi, and Samut Prakan, Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed five years (2020–2024) of daily PM data from government monitoring stations and meteorological variables using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs). Health risks were assessed using Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) frameworks for three age groups: children (&lt;14 years), adults (15–64 years), and the elderly (≥65 years).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Distinct seasonal patterns emerged with winter showing the highest pollution levels (PM_2.5: 32.4–33.4 μg/m³; PM₁₀: 56.6–61.7 μg/m³) compared to the rainy season (PM_2.5: 11.7–16.1 μg/m³; PM10: 24.1–31.4 μg/m³). GAM performance varied by province, with Nonthaburi showing the best model fit (PM_2.5: R² = 0.623; PM₁₀: R² = 0.679). All HI values exceeded safe thresholds (&gt;1), with adults showing the highest risks (winter HI: 9.05–9.28), followed by the elderly (6.79–6.96) and children (4.52–4.64). Spatial analysis revealed geographic heterogeneity with the highest health risks in Bangkok's central urban areas and Samut Prakan's industrial zones.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates consistently elevated health risks from PM exposure across all demographics and provinces, with pronounced seasonal variations driven by meteorological factors. Results support urgent implementation of targeted air quality management strategies, particularly during winter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 144687"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire on the ground: Wildfires impacts on soil health and biodiversity – A review","authors":"Lucas V. Sousa-Lima ,&nbsp;Enrico M. Saggioro ,&nbsp;Paulo R. Dorneles ,&nbsp;Cláudio E.T. Parente","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing occurrence of fire events is of great concern, as these events promote intense changes in soil environments, altering their physico-chemical composition and severely damaging organisms through a wide range of effects. Therefore, this review aimed to understand the different types of effects promoted by fire events on the soil and its organisms. Bibliographic searches were performed on different platforms, which returned a total of 109 investigations, which were grouped into different thematic axes. Fires promote extensive changes in soil composition, including by decreasing nutrient concentrations. In addition, an increase in toxic substances, such as PAHs, heavy metals and contaminants resulting from water used to control fires, was identified. Few studies have been carried out with the aim of understanding the ecotoxicological effects of contaminants generated by fires, with the majority of studies involving leachate, observing mainly acute mortality effects. Most of the studies found focused on understanding changes at the ecological level, with a special focus on microorganisms and animals, with few studies on plants. This review highlights the urgent need for ecotoxicological studies on the effects of fire-derived contaminants, particularly on soil organisms. There is also a pressing need for more ecological studies that adopt an integrated approach, incorporating multiple soil-dwelling species from different taxonomic groups to better reflect the complexity of natural ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 144686"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allium cepa L. - a natural naked eye colorimetric sensor for distinctive detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in aqueous medium","authors":"Geetha Alagumuthu,&nbsp;Bhuvaneshwari Gubendiran,&nbsp;Manikandan Govindharajan,&nbsp;Sheik Eusuff Noorjahan","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the purple onion skin extract (POSE), <em>Allium Cepa</em> L.<em>,</em> was employed as a colorimetric biosensor for the distinctive detection of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions in aqueous solution. The POSE changed its pink colour to green with Fe²⁺ and brown with Fe³⁺ in solution, which was also observed on POSE-loaded paper strips. POSE's colorimetric sensing of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions was observed with the naked eye and analyzed by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The resulting anthocyanin- Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ complexes were characterized by FT-IR, SEM-EDAX and XPS techniques. The anthocyanin content of POSE was analyzed using HPLC. The FT-IR has proved the formation of a stable complex between anthocyanin and Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions, the granular nature of the complex and its iron composition was ascertained by SEM-EDAX and Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺oxidation states were confirmed by XPS analysis. The selective and sensitive complexation of POSE with Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ions has reached a LOD of 0.1 ppm for both the ions. POSE's visible colour alteration is paired with smartphone RGB values for real-time Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ sensing with a LOD was valued down to 0.07 and 0.09 mg L⁻¹ respectively. The real-time analysis was done by spiking tap water with Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions with a LOD of 0.1 ppm with slight shift in <em>λ</em> _max. POSE exhibited a 68.65 % corrosion inhibition rate (I_w), confirming its corrosion inhibition potential. Hence, this rapid, green, and sustainable method adds value to onion peel (food industry waste) and supports SDG-6, Clean water and sanitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144683"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for zirconium tolerance in Li-ion battery cathode recycling from manufacturing scraps","authors":"Huisu Jeung,&nbsp;Gigap Han,&nbsp;Chan Mi Jeon,&nbsp;Kyungjung Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As electric vehicles (EVs) flourish, the volume of recyclable battery resources is also increasing, which can be broadly categorized into spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and manufacturing scraps. Zr as a common doping/coating element for cathode active materials could exist as an impurity in resynthesized LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ (NCM622) from cathode scraps. Considering that the Zr content in leachate from cathode scraps is around 0.25 mol% (vs. Ni + Co + Mn), we synthesize Zr-incorporated samples with Zr contents of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mol%, which are designated as NCM622, NCMZr 0.1, NCMZr 0.5, and NCMZr 1.0, respectively. As the Zr content increases, the degree of cation mixing increases, leading to a reduction in the initial charge-discharge capacity in a cut-off voltage of 4.3 V. The rate capability also declines, as confirmed by a decrease in Li⁺ diffusion coefficient. On the other hand, the cyclability of Zr-doped NCM significantly improves, owing to strong Zr–O bonding energy and the pillar effect. A moderate Zr content (∼0.5 mol%) shows the best structural stability and cyclability with better reversibility and lower overvoltage. In contrast, the excessive Zr⁴⁺ content (&gt;1 mol%) does not only offer additional benefits but also hinders performance due to the electrochemical inactivity of Zr. This study provides a guideline for the acceptable tolerance level of Zr impurity in the resynthesis of cathode active materials from manufacturing scraps, contributing to the economic feasibility of LIB recycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144684"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutanoic acid, and undecafluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid disrupt neurotransmitter release and cholinesterase activity","authors":"Precious C. Obiako ,&nbsp;Bryan A. Taylor ,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Clinger ,&nbsp;Christie M. Sayes","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) induced neurotoxicity is an emerging concern, with evidence increasingly linking it to the dysregulation of neurotransmission pathways. This study investigates the effects of three different PFAS, namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutanoic acids (PFBA), and undecafluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX), on catecholamine neurotransmitter release (dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline) and neurotransmission-regulating enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)). Neurotransmitter release assays revealed that PFAS exposure in neuronal cells increased dopamine and noradrenaline levels but reduced adrenaline levels. Cholinesterase activity was assessed in cell-free conditions and human neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y), revealing PFAS-induced enzymatic perturbations characterized by decreased AChE activity and increased BChE activity. Fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy highlighted differential enzyme-PFAS interactions, which were corroborated by molecular docking results and revealed compound-specific interactions with amino acid residues. Of the substances tested, PFOA exhibited the strongest binding interaction. ¹⁹F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy also demonstrated differential binding interactions among the PFAS and AChE or BChE. This study provides mechanistic insights into PFAS-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting their potential to disrupt neurotransmitter and enzymatic dynamics crucial for neurological health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144678"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing dried mycelium membranes for rapid and efficient lead cleanup in soils","authors":"Mruganka Sandip Parasnis ,&nbsp;Anna Paltseva ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kordas ,&nbsp;Olga Wodo ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Frimpong Boamah ,&nbsp;Alexandra Judelsohn ,&nbsp;Prathima C. Nalam","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioremediation offers a sustainable strategy for mitigating heavy metal contamination in soil, but is often constrained by slow removal kinetics, limited uptake efficiency, and high implementation costs. This study investigates dried mycelium membranes, rich in surface-bound proteins and high surface area, as a promising biosorbent for in situ Pb(II) remediation in urban soils. Untreated mycelium membranes buried in soil achieved Pb(II) removal efficiencies of ∼70 % and ∼40 % at initial lead soil concentrations of 100 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg, respectively, within eight days. Phosphate-functionalized (PF) membranes demonstrated enhanced performance, achieving 70–80 % Pb(II) removal even at high concentrations (1500 mg/kg) and low pH (4.0). Mechanistic analyses revealed that Pb(II) sorption on untreated membranes was primarily electrostatic sorption, whereas PF membranes facilitated both sorption and mineralization of Pb(II) ions, confirmed via infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Kinetic modeling showed pseudo-second-order behavior at 100 mg/kg for both membrane types, with remediation rates of 0.2–4.2 E−3 mg g⁻¹.min⁻¹. At higher Pb(II) concentrations, PF membranes followed an intraparticle diffusion model, reflecting limited surface sites. Although PF membranes exhibited slower rates compared to untreated ones, a cumulative membrane replacement strategy significantly increased the removal efficiency. Overall, dried mycelium membranes present an eco-friendly alternative, achieving ∼ up to 80 % Pb(II) removal within 8 days, comparable to biochar or chemically amended systems, while uniquely enabling physical retrieval of both the membrane and immobilized lead, thus minimizing long-term environmental risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144676"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perchlorates as emerging contaminants: Sources, hazards, detection and remediation—An overview","authors":"Magdalena Fabin,&nbsp;Tomasz Jarosz","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perchlorate contamination is a recent and significant issue in the context of environmental pollution. Perchlorates are mainly used as ingredients in solid propellants and pyrotechnic compositions. Perchlorate contamination of drinking water and food has recently become a human health concern, as studies have shown that they can interfere with the normal uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland, leading to a reduction in its production of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in vertebrates. In addition, rapid industrialization is contributing to the generation of significant amounts of wastewater and treatment is becoming highly necessary.</div><div>The perchlorate ion ( <figure><img></figure> ) is extremely mobile and persistent in groundwater, making it difficult to find the most universal method that works under all conditions for treating groundwater of this contaminant. This article reviews the state of knowledge about the toxic effects of perchlorate on living organisms and humans and reviews methods and technologies for treating perchlorate-contaminated waters. In contrast to previous works, our sole focus is on perchlorate and a comprehensive discussion of the various aspects of perchlorate contamination, ranging from the origins of perchlorate to perchlorate remediation methods, is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144533"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusive and advective flux measurements of trichloroethene from soil into a building: a case study","authors":"Partick Hoehner ,&nbsp;Olivier Atteia","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to validate some assumptions and calculations of Johnson and Ettinger's model, a mapping of measured VOC fluxes in a heavily contaminated building was undertaken. To this end, both advective and diffusive flux measurements were carried out under real conditions. Diffusive fluxes were measured with flux chambers recording the initial concentration rise during the first minutes. The results showed high diffusive fluxes and considerable spatial heterogeneity, even at a distance of a few meters. A novel method, described in this article, was used to measure advective fluxes. It appears that the majority of these fluxes originate from two cracks close to poles. Measurements confirmed that diffusive fluxes are independent of the indoor-outdoor pressure differential, whereas advective ones are strongly influenced by the pressure differential. At the building scale, the mass balance is validated, as the variation in concentration within the building can be predicted by the measured fluxes and air exchange rate. However, we show that the order of magnitude of the diffusion coefficient through the slab is particularly high, outside the range of conventionally accepted values. In this building, diffusive fluxes, independent on pressure differences, are clearly dominant while in Johnson and Ettinger's model, the fluxes through the slab depend on the crack surface and vary with pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144663"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"River-to-sea plastic pollution: A pilot toolbox for the Caspian Sea","authors":"Peygham Ghaffari ,&nbsp;Bert van Bavel ,&nbsp;Alexei Bambulyak ,&nbsp;Nils Erik Johansen ,&nbsp;Elnur Safarov","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first integrated assessment of plastic pollution at the Kura River delta, where the river enters the hydrologically enclosed Caspian Sea. We applied a modular toolbox comprising four complementary components: high-resolution hydrodynamic modeling to predict debris convergence zones, UAV-based mapping to survey shoreline conditions, automated object-based image analysis for debris detection and classification, and standardized field monitoring by trained community participants for ground-truthing and source identification. Using this framework, we identified debris accumulation hotspots and developed a replicable approach for assessing plastic pollution in semi-enclosed systems. Surveys along a <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>km</mtext></mrow></math></span> shoreline recorded over 600 items, dominated by beverage containers by count and marine-sourced plastics by weight. Transboundary inputs were confirmed through labeled debris from five countries. The initiative also expanded institutional collaboration, trained over 150 participants, and established a local monitoring network. These findings highlight the value of integrating technical diagnostics with community engagement to enable scalable, site-adapted responses to plastic pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"387 ","pages":"Article 144667"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}