{"title":"Stabilized surface of prelithiated electrode for high energy density batteries","authors":"Bo Peng, Weizhai Bao, Jin Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163360","url":null,"abstract":"Prelithiation has been widely accepted as one of the most promising strategies to compensate for the loss of active substance and to improve the initial Coulombic efficiency in Silicon-based anode for advanced high-energy–density batteries. Nevertheless, the prelithiated anode is highly reactive with air, causing insulating products to be produced and degrading full battery’s performance. Herein, we have developed a strategy using fluoroacetonitrile treatment to eliminate redundant lithium and generate LiF-based inorganic compounds on the surface of the prelithiated electrode. Such method not only reduces the reactiveness of the prelithiated anode, but also enhances the ionic conductivity of the Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI). This stabilized electrode interface could retain high performance even after being exposed to −50 ℃ dewpoint for 48 h, or under 20 % humidity. The LiF-rich surface works as an artificial SEI, remarkably improving the capacity, Coulombic Efficiency of Si-based anodes and cyclability in high energy density batteries.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated activation of lattice oxygen for CO Oxidation: Promoting the role of oxygen vacancies","authors":"Chang Liu, Qiao Wang, Fei Gao, Yifei Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163358","url":null,"abstract":"The role of surface oxygen sites in transition metal oxides has been a focal point in environmental and energy chemistry, particularly in catalytic oxidation reactions. Herein, the mobility and activation of lattice oxygen in MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were effectively modulated via in situ thermal treatment for CO oxidation. By weakening the metal–oxygen bond strength, active surface lattice oxygen was generated, which could be readily activated to participate in the catalytic oxidation of CO to CO<sub>2</sub>. The increased covalency of Co − O bonds not only improves the Co 3d − O 2p electronic structure but also generates active oxygen species on the surface, which are efficiently involved in the catalytic oxidation of CO to CO<sub>2</sub>, as demonstrated by soft XAS, XPS, and O<sub>2</sub>-TPD analyses. Our findings offer a reliable understanding of the dual activation process involving lattice and defect oxygen in heterogeneous catalytic oxidation reactions and provide a solid foundation for strategies aimed at enhancing catalytic oxidation activity.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melika Afshar, Jaspreet Walia, Pierre Berini, Fabio Variola, Ravi Bhardwaj
{"title":"Raman spectroscopic characterization of femtosecond Laser ablation of Silicon in air and liquid medium","authors":"Melika Afshar, Jaspreet Walia, Pierre Berini, Fabio Variola, Ravi Bhardwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163258","url":null,"abstract":"Laser ablation of materials is mostly conducted in ambient air leading to high precision localized morphological and structural changes along with some redeposition of debris on the surface. While material ablation in a liquid medium can reduce thermal damage and debris, the fluid properties can influence morphological and structural changes. In this article, using Raman spectroscopy, we study structural changes induced by a single femtosecond laser pulse in silicon (100) immersed in water, isopropanol and glycerin and compare with air for a Gaussian and vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum. We show that the extent of recrystallization after laser interaction is higher in air. In liquids, the laser modified regions exhibited greater percentage of poly-crystalline and amorphous phases.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramon Dadalto Carvalho, Cristian Dias Fernandes, Marcelo Barbalho Pereira, Samantha Cardoso Alves, Pedro Lovato Gomes Jardim, Sérgio da Silva Cava, Mateus Meneghetti Ferrer, Cristiane Wienke Raubach, Elson Longo, Mario Lucio Moreira
{"title":"High-performance Al2O3 sol–gel films: Improving solar cell efficiency through antireflective and superhydrophobic properties","authors":"Ramon Dadalto Carvalho, Cristian Dias Fernandes, Marcelo Barbalho Pereira, Samantha Cardoso Alves, Pedro Lovato Gomes Jardim, Sérgio da Silva Cava, Mateus Meneghetti Ferrer, Cristiane Wienke Raubach, Elson Longo, Mario Lucio Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163259","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed a multifunctional aluminum oxide <figure><img alt=\"\" height=\"12\" src=\"https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0169433225009730-fx1001.jpg\"/></figure> film combining anti-reflective and superhydrophobic properties for enhanced photovoltaic (PV) performance in outdoor applications. The film was created on glass substrates using a sol–gel, dip coating, and controlled etching process, resulting in a porous surface with grass-like nanostructures. After 512 s of etching, the film achieved a roughness of 23.63 nm and a refractive index of 1.14 at 550 nm. It demonstrated excellent broadband anti-reflection, with 96.86% average transmittance and 3.07% reflectance across the 350–1500 nm spectrum, peaking at 99.30% transmittance at 480 nm. The film maintained over 90% transmittance at angles up to 45°, providing omnidirectional functionality crucial for solar panels. Its superhydrophobicity (162.3°water contact angle and hysteresis 7.5°) ensures self-cleaning. When applied as a solar cell cover glass coating, the film enhanced short-circuit current density and power conversion efficiency. A 19.19% efficiency increase was observed at a 60°incidence angle, demonstrating the film’s potential for significant PV performance improvement.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"219 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructing aramid nanofibers self-assembly structure on fiber surface with electric field-assisted enhances insulation performance of aramid fiber reinforced epoxy resin","authors":"Zhaohua Zhang , Qing Xie , Guowei Xia , Yupeng Zhang , Fei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aramid fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites (AFEP) exhibit excellent mechanical strength and insulation properties, making them key materials for insulation pull rods in Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS). The unique long-chain benzene ring structure in aramid fiber molecules ensures high performance but also reduces surface roughness and chemical reactivity, hindering the formation of stable interfacial structures with polymers like epoxy. This study proposes using an electric field-assisted method to construct the aramid nanofiber (ANFs) self-assembly structure on the aramid fiber surface, increasing roughness and chemical reactivity, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding strength and insulation properties of AFEP. Testing revealed that the ANFs self-assembly structure was successfully formed on the aramid fiber surface, leading to improvements in both the electrical and mechanical properties of AFEP. The performance of AFEP material was optimal when the electric field-assisted treatment was carried out for 3 min. The flashover voltage was increased by 36.75 %, and the breakdown field strength was increased by 69.08 %. The tensile strength and shear strength were increased by 17.79 % and 30.92 %, respectively. Through molecular simulation, the results show that the addition of ANFs can enhance the interface bonding strength of the model by about 35.5 %. The diffusion coefficient of the epoxy resin was reduced by 68.1 %, indicating that the interface properties of the modified composite were greatly improved. This modification method provides a new idea for non-destructive enhancement of the comprehensive properties of aramid fiber epoxy resin materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"702 ","pages":"Article 163341"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Na Sun, Zhaofu Meng, Leming Zhen, Qiyuan Qin, Wenhui Liu, Jingbing Xue, Yining Sun, Pan Tong
{"title":"Effect of GO on oxytetracycline and Cu2+ co-adsorption in a yellow–brown soil","authors":"Na Sun, Zhaofu Meng, Leming Zhen, Qiyuan Qin, Wenhui Liu, Jingbing Xue, Yining Sun, Pan Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163345","url":null,"abstract":"Coexistence of nanoparticles with organic–inorganic pollutants in soil can lead to changes in their environmental behaviour. Here, graphene oxide (GO), oxytetracycline (OTC), and Cu<sup>2+</sup> were selected as typical pollutants, to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of GO on the adsorption behaviours of OTC and Cu<sup>2+</sup> in yellow–brown soil through characterisation techniques, including XPS and FT-IR. The findings indicated that coexistence with GO improved the adsorption capacity of OTC or Cu<sup>2+</sup> in both single and co-adsorption systems. In the single system, GO incorporation augmented the π-π interaction of the OTC aromatic ring with the soil C=O groups and the hydrogen bonding of the OTC hydroxyl group with the Si-O groups; conversely, for Cu<sup>2+</sup>, GO intensified the electrostatic attraction of Cu<sup>2+</sup> to the soil –OH and Si-O groups. In the OTC + Cu<sup>2+</sup> system, Cu<sup>2+</sup> facilitated OTC adsorption via a “bridging effect,” while GO incorporation augmented hydrogen bonding between OTC and soil –OH and complexation with Al/Fe-O, while Cu<sup>2+</sup> inhibited the hydrogen bonding between OTC and soil Si-O. For Cu<sup>2+</sup>, the incorporation of GO intensified complexation between Cu<sup>2+</sup> and soil C=O and electrostatic interactions with –OH during the co-adsorption of OTC and Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Additionally, OTC enhanced the electrostatic interaction between Cu<sup>2+</sup> and soil.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guanwei Zhao, Wei Ma, Hongyu Pang, Ligang Zhang, Yuzheng Wang, Xiaoxue Ren, Kuo Liu, Hongling Yang, Yongchun Liu
{"title":"Unexpected larger Pt nanoparticles induced by N,N-dimethylformamide on SBA-15 for enhanced low-temperature catalytic oxidation of toluene","authors":"Guanwei Zhao, Wei Ma, Hongyu Pang, Ligang Zhang, Yuzheng Wang, Xiaoxue Ren, Kuo Liu, Hongling Yang, Yongchun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163352","url":null,"abstract":"Low-temperature catalytic oxidation is a prevalent technology for toluene removal due to its reduced energy demand. In this study, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was used to control the particle size of active metals. The activity tests revealed that Pt nanoparticles with a particle size of 5–15 nm exhibited higher activity for toluene oxidation and maintained good hydrothermal stability on the SBA-15 support. The results suggest that despite the increase of Pt particle size by using DMF, the proportion of Pt<sup>0</sup> and the oxygen activation ability were both increased. The reaction pathway of the toluene oxidation over Pt/SBA-15 was examined in depth by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) and cluster analysis, revealing that the benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid species were primary intermediate products. The benzaldehyde on the larger Pt nanoparticles is conducive to decomposing and generating CO<sub>2</sub> for complete mineralization, promoting the activity of toluene oxidation. This work highlights the significance of DMF-induced size effects in the development of low-temperature oxidation catalysts and understanding of reaction mechanism, guiding the design of new efficient toluene oxidation catalysts.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
San Park, Jisu Park, Sunbum Kim, Junwoo Park, Pilseong Jung, Sanghyun Ji, Changhwan Choi
{"title":"Reliability improvement of Ge2Sb2Te5-based phase-change memory devices with increased post annealing time","authors":"San Park, Jisu Park, Sunbum Kim, Junwoo Park, Pilseong Jung, Sanghyun Ji, Changhwan Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163350","url":null,"abstract":"The reliability of phase-change random access memory (PCRAM) can be degraded due to the diffusion of constituent atoms in the phase-change material during repetitive phase-change operations. This research reports the reliability enhancement of Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> (GST225)-based PCM device with prolonged post annealing time. The results indicate that although the on-current slightly decreases with increasing post annealing time, the voltage required to transform to the SET state remains approximately 1 V. Additionally, the endurance cycle count increases by a factor of 10 for each duration. Furthermore, compared to the device without post annealing, the RESET drift coefficient decreases by 5.3 %, 8.8 %, and 11.4 % for post annealing durations of 3 h, 9 h, and 18 h, respectively, while the SET drift coefficient decreases by 38.9 %, 51.1 %, and 59.6 %, respectively. The changes in electrical properties with increasing annealing time can be explained by analyzing the characteristics of the phase-change material, which provides insights into the impact of subsequent thermal treatment on the crystallization behavior of PCM. These findings are expected to serve as an additional approach to enhance the reliability of phase-change memory, a next-generation memory device, and to influence the understanding of the behavior of constituent elements in the development of new types of semiconductor devices based on chalcogenide materials used in phase-change memory.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juhi Jaiswal, Manish Singh Sengar, Saidul Sk, Marshal Dhayal
{"title":"Plasma treated gold nanofilms enhance surface-assisted redox activity in electrochemical processes","authors":"Juhi Jaiswal, Manish Singh Sengar, Saidul Sk, Marshal Dhayal","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163347","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-assisted catalytic activities of two-dimensional (2D) materials are gaining prominence due to their tunable surface area, enhanced active sites, and unique structural properties. In this study, we demonstrate the preparation of a highly reactive gold nanofilm (GNF) with a face-centered cubic structure via thermal deposition, followed by atmospheric nitrogen plasma treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that plasma treatment increased surface hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, introducing nitrogen as metal-nitride and C-NH<sub>2</sub> species. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed the incorporation of nitrogen and oxygen functionalities, with intense peaks at 790 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 946 cm<sup>−1</sup>, indicating successful surface activation. The electrochemical behavior of the plasma-treated GNF was evaluated using the [FeIII/II(CN)6]<sup>3−/4−</sup> redox system through cyclic voltammetry. Notably, the plasma-treated GNF exhibited a substantial increase in anodic and cathodic peak current densities, with the electrochemically active surface area increasing by approximately 276 % and 400 %, respectively, compared to untreated GNF. This enhancement in redox reactivity underscores the potential of plasma-treated GNFs in boosting surface-assisted redox processes. The findings suggest that plasma-modified 2D surfaces hold significant promise for advancing electrochemical sensing and catalysis, offering improved efficiency and reactivity for a range of applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"46 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuang Guo, Yoonseop Byun, Eunsoo Song, Eungyeong Park, Sunjin Lee, Yeonju Park, Lei Chen, Young Mee Jung
{"title":"Periodic array structures for MoO3/Ag Composites: Improving the stability and uniformity for enhanced SERS performance","authors":"Shuang Guo, Yoonseop Byun, Eunsoo Song, Eungyeong Park, Sunjin Lee, Yeonju Park, Lei Chen, Young Mee Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163348","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has attracted considerable attention for its ability to provide molecular fingerprint information with remarkable sensitivity, which makes it a powerful and nondestructive detection technique. In this study, SERS substrates were fabricated by sequentially depositing Ag and molybdenum trioxide (MoO<sub>3</sub>) layers onto hexagonally close-packed polystyrene (PS) spheres via radiofrequency magnetron sputtering in an argon plasma atmosphere. The SERS performance of the fabricated MoO<sub>3</sub>/Ag/PS films was evaluated by using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as a probe molecule. Notably, the SERS intensity of 4-MBA on the MoO<sub>3</sub>/Ag/PS substrate remained largely unchanged compared with that on the Ag/PS substrate, despite the increased adsorption distance between the adsorbed molecules and Ag particles, regardless of the excitation light irradiation. These substrates demonstrated high sensitivity and uniformity, achieving a detection limit of 9.5 × 10<sup>-9</sup> M with a relative standard deviation of 5.25 %. Furthermore, the addition of a MoO<sub>3</sub> layer significantly enhanced the storage stability of the substrates by effectively decreasing oxidation of the Ag surface. As a result, the MoO<sub>3</sub>/Ag/PS films, combining long-term stability with uncompromised detection sensitivity, exhibit excellent potential for high-sensitivity chemical and biological sensing applications. This study introduces a novel experimental approach and lays the foundation for further advancements in SERS substrate research and development.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}