Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni最新文献

{"title":"Middle class in the reproduction of social capital","authors":"L. Yelisieieva","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.276","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the role of the middle class in the reproduction of social capital is investigated. For this aim, the dynamics, structure, values, and economic interests of the middle class in Ukraine and its influence on the formation of social capital are characterized. It has been found that the development of social capital depends on a number of institutional conditions and economic factors, one of which is the size and dynamics of the middle class. Based on different criteria, the number of middle class in Ukraine is defined. The specificity of the middle class formation in Ukraine has been clarified. The relationship between the dynamics of income and the size of the middle class has been identified. The structure of the middle class in Ukraine and its readiness for economic change and social transformation are specified. The common interests of the middle class with other strata are identified, which gives grounds for defining the status of the middle class and its ability to perform a communicative function and a special role in the development of civil society and open social capital. Generally speaking, the middle class is the nucleus of social capital. The factors of accumulation and destruction of social capital in Ukraine are revealed. The negative impact of the increasing inequality in income distribution, the spread of poverty and the increase in the share of the unemployed on the formation of the middle class and, accordingly, social capital, are investigated. There is a correlation between the uneven distribution of income, institutional confidence and the work of social elevators. The role of the middle class in building the bridging and strengthening the bonding social capital is specified. The participation of middle class representatives in the formation of economic inquiries and the development of volunteer communities was clarified. Generally, the role of the middle class in the reproduction of social capital is linked to ensuring the development of civil society and economic democratization.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131842308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International relations of the Ukrainian economy as a object of historico-economic research","authors":"V. Nebrat","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.031","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this publication is to present the main idea, conceptual and methodological foundations, theoretical background, sources and directions of the study of the historical development of foreign economic relations of the Ukrainian economy. Finding ways for Ukraine to abandon the pattern of import dependent development and low-tech export is an urgent scientific and practical task. Historical factors play an important role in determining the country’s international specialization and position in world markets.\u0000The object of the study is the historical process of the inclusion of Ukraine’s economy in the system of international economic relations.\u0000Regularities, trends and national peculiarities in the formation of foreign economic relations of Ukraine’s economy are the subject of the study.\u0000The economic methodology of the study is based on an evolutionary-institutional approach. Traditional and contemporary theories of international trade, economic integration, foreign economic policy, international competition and national competitiveness are the theoretical foundations of the study.\u0000Analysis of historical sources opens up problem areas of scientific research and gives grounds for forming its working hypotheses.\u0000Studying the history of foreign trade, labor migration, participation in international monetary relations, international cooperation of production and the relationship of structural changes in the economy with the forms of international economic relations are the main fields of the investigation.\u0000Historical research is the basis for making proposals on optimization of the national foreign economic policy with the purpose of strengthening the economic sovereignty of the state, development of the national economy and ensuring its international competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131133867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Ukraine’s economic cooperation with international financial and credit organizations in the context of inclusion of Ukraine to the world economic system","authors":"Oleksandr Korniyaka","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.295","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of economic cooperation with the international financial and credit organizations in the context of the development of integration processes regarding the inclusion of the Ukraine's economy to the world economic system. The issues of cooperation of the Ukrainian state with the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank Group, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development in the direction of financial and credit support for the reform of the public, municipal and private sectors of the economy are investigated. The factors that prevent effective cooperation with the International Financial Organizations are identified and threaten the desire for further integration of the Ukrainian economy into the world economic system, based on the analysis of the amount and purpose of financial and credit resources allocated by the International Financial Organizations. The main negative factors are: political incoherence and lack of awareness of the importance and necessity of Ukraine's cooperation with International Financial Organizations; ineffective work of specialists and employees that involved in the process of developing and implementing projects and programs of Ukraine's cooperation with International Financial Organizations; bureaucracy in the approval of Projects and Cooperation Programs with International Financial Institutions; high level of abuse and opacity of the use of credit facilities of International Financial Institutions; low rates of implementation of Ukraine's Economy Reform Plans and Programs, taking into account the requirements of International Financial Institutions as one of the main components of providing financial and credit assistance. Studies of the impact of international cooperation in the sphere of monetary relations on the process of modernization of Ukraine and its integration into the world economic system have shown that the cooperation of the Ukrainian state with the International Financial Organizations has become a key factor in intensifying integration and modernization processes.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128828287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic production in Ukraine: a history of establishment and ways to increase competitiveness of enterprises","authors":"V. Butorina","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.309","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes trends in the development of electronic manufacturing in the Soviet Union and after the gain of independence. The factors that may be the key to improving the competitiveness of domestic electronic production are given. Among them, scientific and human resources play an important role.\u0000The geography of the enterprises of the electronics industry is determined: Kyiv, Lviv, Khmelnitsky, Kharkiv, Rakhiv, Mykolaiv. The activities and product assortment of the leading manufacturers of personal computers are analyzed separately (Joint Stock Company «Navigator», company «VSESVIT», Limited liability company «Technique for Business», and «DiaWest-Computer World»).\u0000Changes in the structure of major subsectors of the electronic industry by size of enterprises during 2010–2017 were analyzed. In particular, the number of medium and large enterprises in the industry in 2015–2017 was relatively stable, while the number of small enterprises decreased.\u0000There are positive trends in some product groups in the industry: manufacture of computers, electronic and optical products, and production of electrical equipment with a lower level of knowledge intensity.\u0000Measures to increase the competitiveness of domestic electronics enterprises are grouped in three directions: microeconomic (attracting qualified engineering and design staff; employment of young specialists; updating the range; involving scientists in R&D; effective management), mesoeconomic (higher technical education; public-private partnership; increase in public procurement; preferential lease terms for state-owned property; increase in investment localization; long-term bank lending; creation of industrial parks; counteraction to smuggling), and macroeconomic (defining the priorities of scientific and industrial policy; development of legislation; structural transformation; diversification of development and production; international commercialization of research and production activities and cooperation; development of national innovation system infrastructure).","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125716446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ukrainian economic thought of the last third of the 19th – early 20th centuries in the context of the development of the european liberal tradition","authors":"V. Feshchenko","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.007","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the features of the development of marginalism and the emergence of a modern methodology for the analysis of economic processes in Ukrainian economic thought, starting with the development of the Kyiv scientific school headed by M. Bunge and ending with the works of prominent Ukrainian scientists E. Slutsky and M. Tugan-Baranovsky. These problems, considering their relevance for the present, are the subjects of modern scholars’ researches, such as T. Hayday, I. Golovata, V. Kudlak, O. Kurbet, V. Nebrat, N. Suprun, Y. Ushchapovsky, V. Feshchenko and others.\u0000The purpose of the article is to highlight the scientific contribution of Ukrainian economists of the last third of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries to the development of marginalism and Western European liberalism, to reveal the emergence of a new methodology of economic analysis based on the combination of ideas of classical political economy and marginal analysis, the historical school’ principles with the European socio-reformism, and the use of functional analysis with economic and mathematical research tools.\u0000Significant progress of the Ukrainian economic science in this period are the theoretical achievements of representatives of the Kyiv School of Political Economy. In the works of M. Bunge, D. Pikhno, R. Orzhentsky, and O. Bilimovych, the attention was focused on the development of the theory of value with the use of marginal analysis, the psychological foundations of the theory of value were supported, and the emphasis was placed on the social orientation of research. E. Slutsky's works «The Theory of Marginal Utility», and «On the Theory of Consumer Budget» reflected new approaches to understanding utility as an economic category, determined the value of market goods in terms of their usefulness and rarity, and initiated the study of market behavior and mechanisms of formation and stability of the consumer budget. In the context of the formation of the new methodology for economic analysis, the author reveals the priority and significance of the creation of the synthetic theory of value by M. Tugan-Baranovsky.\u0000The article highlights the significant influence of Ukrainian scientists of the studied period on the development of world economic science and substantiates the necessity of further study of their scientific work.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134166507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social doctrine of UGCC Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytskyi as a factor of economic growth of Galicia in the late XIX – early XX century","authors":"N. Suprun, I. Boĭko","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.098","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the principles and elements of social teaching as well as socio-economic activities of the UGCC Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytskyi in the context of their influence on economic development and formation of cooperative movement in Galicia in the late XIX – early XX century. It has been shown that the development of appropriate agricultural and cooperative education as well as active support of the private initiative by UGCC clergy appeared to be the key prerequisites for the successful cooperation.\u0000Andrei Sheptytskyi became not only an influencer but also initiator and active leader of the implementation of social teaching principles into practice of socio-economic transformations that prompted a rapid modernization of the economic and increased efficiency of economic and social processes. Thanks to the implementation of ideas and principles of social teaching, a real revolution occurred in many public spheres such as education, banking, cooperation and entrepreneurship. However, the crucial results of spreading social teaching ideas were changing in the economic culture and activities of Ukrainians, who henceforth considered not only their personal interest but tended to develop such a model of economic interaction, which creates a \"positive sum” effect for other society members and for society as a whole. The optimal organizational form that allowed combining interests of different economic agents was cooperation, which, thanks to the ascetic work of the Metropolitan, covered almost all spheres of Ukrainian society life, became an economic base for solving most economic and social problems, and shaped an effective national business environment.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132789802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory of Credit in M. Bunge's scientific heritage: a practical aspect","authors":"K. Lopukh","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.072","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes scientific and practical activities of M. Bunge in the sphere of credit relations. «Theory of Credit» (1852) – one of the first fundamental scientific works of M. Bunge, where he reveals the essence of the loan, its main features and the economic purpose. Credit is a way of exchange where the value of a good or service that will be paid in the future is the object of exchange. The transfer of value is based on the confidence that a reward will be received in the future. Credit is viewed in terms of morality and economic guarantees.\u0000In 1868, M. Bunge founded Kyiv Mutual Credit Association and was its chairman until 1871. The Association became one of the most efficient credit institutions in Kyiv and existed until 1918. Private credit was considered by M. Bunge as basis of the development of market economy. The association had to solve the problem of the lack of cheap financing for small businesses. Mortgage loan for urban real estate was used widely.\u0000The article analyzes The Statute of the Kyiv Mutual Credit Association and made conclusions about the peculiar features of activity, loan conditions and development of economic operations of the Association. In addition, special attention was paid to the role of the Association in reforming certain provisions of the Statute for all mutual credit associations in the Russian Empire. The Kyiv Mutual Credit Association was one of the first in the Russian Empire who used the Institution of Authorized Representatives instead of a General Meeting for operational activity and control.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124780340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration of Ukrainians at the pre-industrial stage of social development","authors":"L. Didkivska","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.138","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the research is the migration history of Ukrainians at the pre-industrial stage of social development. The purpose of the article is the historical and economic analysis of migration trends and the identification of geographical vectors of the first migration flows on Ukrainian lands and the institutional factors and socioeconomic consequences of the spread of migration sentiment among the population during the period. The result of the study is the identification of features of the first migration flows in the Ukrainian territory, the classification of migration according to its causes, the identification of directions of the resettlement of Ukrainians and the consequences of emigration of Ukrainians.\u0000It was revealed that the labour migration of Ukrainians was preceded by political migration related to the regular attacks of Tatars and Turks, the fall of Kievan Rus, the loss of national statehood, the colonization of Ukrainian lands by foreign states. In spite of a number of negative consequences, the Ukrainian people received both economic benefits and qualitative progress in state-building. At the same time, labour migration led to the irreversible loss of the economically active working population, above all the peasantry, who were the most important group among Ukrainian emigrants. The main factors contributing to the labour migration of Ukrainians were similar: institutional (abolition of serfdom), demographic (reduction of mortality rate, while maintaining high fertility), socio-economic (low-income Ukrainian peasants, mass impoverishment and low standards of living), innovative infrastructure (development of the newest means of communication and large geographical discoveries) that encouraged intercountry resettlement. However, the vector of migratory flows of Ukrainians was rather diverse: Ukrainians under Austro-Hungary (Galicia, Northern Bukovina and Transcarpathian Ukraine) were covered by intercontinental migration (USA, Canada, Brazil and Argentina), while the peasants of the Left Bank and Central Ukraine migrated to the Northern Caucasus and the Far East.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127800919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forming of the institutional field of economic selfidentification Ukrainians at the conditions of Austria-Hungary empire","authors":"O. Verbova","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.121","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the institutional conditions of the development of the national household in the West Ukrainian land as part of Austria-Hungary. Outlined the actuality of the national tradition of economic self-realization and self-identification in the crisis conditions of modern Ukraine. Pointed out the complex process of searching of the ways of stimulating the development of a modern national market economy that is required to create forming a new economic mentality of Ukrainians, educated on the values of the national tradition of economic self-identification.\u0000The essence of the modernization changes of the institutional field with the entry of Galicia, Bukovina and Transcarpathia into the Austrian Empire at the end of the eighteenth century is revealed. In particular, the judicial reforms of Empress Maria Theresa during 1768–1776 were analyzed, which led to changes primarily in the field of formal rules of the game. The institutional changes in the fiscal sphere that became important for market development are revealed. The influence of the laws of Joseph II, which for the first time affirmed the status of a subject of law for the peasant, was substantiated. The significance of the Patent of Joseph II of April 5, 1782, which abolished serfdom as a personal dependence of the peasants on the landowners, was proved, as well as that of the Urban Patent of February 10, 1789, on the abolition of the serfdom and its replacement by money tax. The role of the Josephine peasant reforms in the formation of a new institutional field of national identity, social capital, and economic self-organization is substantiated. It is established that the decrees of Joseph II (1780–1787) on the introduction of public spies created the ground for the formation of proto-civil society.\u0000The events of the \"spring of peoples\" and the abolition of the cornice in 1848 were characterized, which became an important stage of the institutional maturation of the basis of the national economic movement. Attention is given to the significance of the law modernization of September 7, 1848 on the elimination of the personal dependence of peasants on the former owners and granting them the rights of citizens. The author covers the formation of wealthy peasants at the expense of the parceling of the landownership, whose owners were not able to properly manage in market conditions. The conclusion is formulated about the importance of the national tradition of economic self-identification of Ukrainians in the conditions of the Austro-Hungarian Empire for the modern strategy of economic development of the Ukrainian state.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123618693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of scientific and technological revolution on foreign economic relations and international economic integration in the second half of the twentieth century","authors":"Tetyana Slyvka","doi":"10.15407/ingedu2019.52.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.255","url":null,"abstract":"The article is concerned with studying of the impact of scientific and technological progress on economic integration and the involvement of individual countries in the international division of labor. The historical period of research covers the second half of the twentieth century. The purpose of the article is to define the main directions and features of the USSR's foreign economic policy under scientific and technological revolution and strengthening of international economic integration. Causal link between the development of international trade and economic integration under the impact of the scientific and technological revolution’s challenges is shown in the results of the study. The place of the USSR and its satellites in the system of international economic relations is revealed. International trade with capitalist countries and economic relations with the CMEA are identified as the main directions of the involvement of Soviet economy in the international division of labor. The place of Ukraine in the system of foreign economic relations of the USSR is outlined. The statistical data as to international trade of USSR with capitalist and CMEA countries is compared by volume and major commodities. Preference for economic cooperation with the CMEA countries based on central planning in the absence of competition are revealed. The backward structure of the USSR's international trade with the predominance of energy and raw materials exports is emphasized, as well as the lagging behind the capitalist countries in the use high technology for the production of household goods. The results of research are important for understanding the current needs of inclusion of the national economy in the global economic processes.","PeriodicalId":244406,"journal":{"name":"Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113948697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}