Analytica Chimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"Multi-interaction (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phases for liquid chromatography","authors":"Junchao Zhu,&nbsp;Linna Xu,&nbsp;Wentao Xu,&nbsp;Huizhen Ni,&nbsp;Songlin Chen,&nbsp;Chu Chu,&nbsp;Dongping Cheng,&nbsp;Shengqiang Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>(Substituted-phenylcarbamate)-<em>β</em>-cyclodextrin (<em>β</em>-CD) chiral stationary phases (CSPs) showed high enantioselectivity and complementary capabilities compared to polysaccharide-based CSPs in liquid chromatography. Most of the previous works were about preparation and application of (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-<em>β</em>-CD, while very limited works was available reporting modified hydroxypropyl-<em>β</em>-CD (HP-<em>β</em>-CD) used for CSP. As matter of fact, HP-<em>β</em>-CD was more frequently used than native <em>β</em>-CD as chiral selector in many chiral separation techniques. Therefore, it was great of significance to investigate preparation of multi-interaction (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs and its application in chiral separation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three new multi-interaction (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs were prepared and investigated, including (3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSP, (4-chloro-3-methylphenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSP and (5-chloro-2-methylphenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSP. The structure and morphology of the three chiral selectors as well as their stationary phase were characterized by ¹H NMR spectra, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Degree of substitution, stability, repeatability and reproducibility of the (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs were investigated. A total of 56 racemic compounds were examined on the three (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs using reversed-phase elution mode. It was found that enantioselective recognition capability of the three (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs was greatly improved compared with that of traditional HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs, which was demonstrated by the number of successful enantioseparated racemates and increased enantioseparation efficiency. Applications of the three CSPs in high performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparations indicated that each of them showed different enantiorecognition ability toward different type of racemic structures, which showed high complementary enantiorecognition ability with traditional <em>β</em>-CD-based CSPs.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>An efficient one-pot reaction strategy for synthesis of (substituted-phenylcarbamate)-HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs was developed. It was found that enantiorecognition and peak resolutions (<em>Rs</em>) were greatly improved compared with traditional HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSP and <em>β</em>-CD CSP. The improved chiral separation performance of multi-interaction HP-<em>β</em>-CD CSPs was demonstrated, providing valuable insights for the development of efficient chiral separation methods while expanding the potential applications of HP-<em>β</em>-CD in chiral liquid chromatography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing BiOI@Nv/g-C3N4 with S-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photoelectrochemical performances towards highly sensitive and selective detection of trace chlorpyrifos","authors":"Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Haicai Huang ,&nbsp;Shipeng Huang ,&nbsp;Qingping Wu ,&nbsp;Jingqiu Liu ,&nbsp;Haoyu Duan ,&nbsp;Houyang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorpyrifos, one of the organophosphorus pesticide commonly used in the environment, may bring about an irreversible harm such as lung cancer to human body. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection techniques based on g-C₃N₄ for sensing chlorpyrifos have attracted increasing attentions, but impeded by several inherent constraints such as a limit of active sites and carriers transfer. To conquer these challenges, a photoelectrochemical sensor of BiOI@N_v/g-C₃N₄ with a step scheme heterojunction was thereby proposed for the sensitive and selective detection of trace chlorpyrifos. Herein, the created N vacancies facilitated the migration of photo-electrons from BiOI to recombine with the holes of N_v/g-C₃N₄ under light irradiation. A powerful oriented built-in electric field was established directing from N_v/g-C₃N₄ to BiOI. The photocurrent intensity of the as-prepared sensor exhibited over 7.6 times higher than that of pure g-C₃N₄, showing a well PEC performance. High selectivity of the developed sensor was attributed to the specific interaction between Bi sites of the developed composites and the S, N atoms in chlorpyrifos. Such sensitive and steady PEC sensor exhibited a linear detection range from 0.01 to 20 ppb with a detection limit of 0.004 ppb. Further, the sensor displayed reliable performance when applied to real river water and soil samples, achieving nice recovery rates. Unlike traditional PEC sensor, this one was prepared into S-scheme heterojunction by creating a N defect-induced driving force based on the altered built-in electric field. The work not only provides experimental evidences but also advances the fundamental theories so as to offer a robust g–C₃N₄–based PEC platform for environmental analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1359 ","pages":"Article 344102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exponential rolling circle amplification-hybridization chain reaction (EXRCA-HCR) for AgNPs@gel-enhanced fluorescence ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21","authors":"Wenjiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuchen Song ,&nbsp;Dongmei Deng ,&nbsp;Meiyin Liu ,&nbsp;Huinan Chen ,&nbsp;Wanyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong Lei ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Li ,&nbsp;Liqiang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNA (miRNA) is a common tumor marker, whose abnormal expression is often closely related to the occurrence of various diseases. However, the conventional method for detecting miRNA is qRT-PCR, requiring additional reverse transcription steps, well-trained professionals, and expensive thermal cycling equipment. In this work, we propose a novel isothermal amplification technique (exponential rolling circle amplification-hybridization chain reaction, EXRCA-HCR) for AgNPs@gel-enhanced fluorescence specific and ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21. This novel technique consists of rolling circle amplification (RCA), exponential isothermal amplification reaction (EXPAR) and hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Combining these three amplification methods, EXRCA-HCR provides a unique cascade amplification strategy, inheriting the advantages of linear amplification and exponential amplification. Under optimal conditions, this novel EXRCA-HCR exhibits a wide fluorescent detection range from 200 fM to 200 nM for miRNA-21, with low detection limit of 21.47 fM. By introducing AgNPs@gel, the fabricated paper-based fluorosensor based on EXRCA-HCR provides a simple and rapid visual detection of miRNA-21. This research puts forward a promising approach for detecting miRNA-21, which can be applied for early diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344095"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SagMSI: A graph convolutional network framework for precise spatial segmentation in mass spectrometry imaging","authors":"Mudassir Shah ,&nbsp;Linlin Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Guo ,&nbsp;Chengyi Xie ,&nbsp;Thomas Ka-Yam Lam ,&nbsp;Lingli Deng ,&nbsp;Xiangnan Xu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Xu ,&nbsp;Jiyang Dong ,&nbsp;Zongwei Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) is a label-free imaging technique used in spatial metabolomics to explore the distribution of various metabolites within biological tissues. Spatial segmentation plays a crucial role in the biochemical interpretation of MSI data, yet the inherent complexity of the data—characterized by large size, high dimensionality, and spectral nonlinearity—poses significant analytical challenges in MSI segmentation. Although deep learning approaches based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown considerable success in spatial segmentation for biomedical imaging, they often struggle to capture the comprehensive structural information of MSI data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We propose SagMSI, an unsupervised graph convolution network (GCN)-based segmentation strategy that combines spatial-aware graph construction of MSI data with a GCN module within a deep neural network. This approach enables flexible, effective, and precise spatial segmentation. We applied SagMSI to both simulated data and various MSI experimental datasets and compared its performance against three commonly used segmentation methods, including <em>t</em>-SNE + <em>k-</em>means, a pipeline implemented by the R package Cardinal, and a CNN-based segmentation method. Visual comparisons with histological images and quantitative evaluations using the silhouette coefficient and adjusted rand index demonstrate that SagMSI excels in segmenting complex tissues, revealing detailed sub-structures, and delineating distinct boundaries of sub-organs with minimal noise interference. The integration of graph-based neural networks with spatially structural information offers deeper insights into spatial omics.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The MSI data is modelled by graph structure so as to incorporate the biomolecular profiling and spatial adjacency within neighboring pixels. The GCN framework generates meaningful pixel representations by learning local and global contextual information through the graph-based structure, thus enabling precise segmentation of MSI. The approach demonstrated high flexibility, robustness to noise, and applicability in exploring complex tissue structures and identifying marker ions associated with microregions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ion mobility spectrometer with heated sample inlet - Solution to the issue of temperature effect on resolving power","authors":"Martin Lippmann,&nbsp;Moritz Hitzemann,&nbsp;Timo Sawatzki,&nbsp;Jonas Winkelholz,&nbsp;Alexander Nitschke,&nbsp;Tim Kobelt,&nbsp;Stefan Zimmermann","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One major challenge in detecting less volatile compounds with an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) is preventing condensation of target molecules in the sampling line and ionization region to allow for fast response and recovery. Heating the entire device including the sampling line can of course mitigate condensation of such compounds, but this comes at the cost of reduced resolving power and compromised detection limits. Furthermore, a considerable amount of additional power and an IMS design with temperature-resistant components are needed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this work, a different approach has been investigated, with a heated sample inlet in combination with a directed sample gas flow through the ionization region, but with the drift region at lower temperature. While this approach effectively addresses the issue of condensation, it results in an inhomogeneous temperature distribution within the drift region. Simulations and experimental data reveal that this uneven temperature distribution can significantly distort the peaks in the ion mobility spectrum, depending on the IMS orientation. However, positioning the IMS vertically, with the detector facing down, significantly minimizes temperature-induced peak distortion, thereby maintaining high resolving power. In this orientation, the IMS used in this work shows a resolving power of 80, while the IMS sample inlet and outlet are heated to 423 K. In addition, a directed sample gas flow in the ionization region is used to further reduce condensation in the ionization region.</div></div><div><h3>Significance and novelty</h3><div>The approach and findings revealed in this work allow the construction of IMS with a heated sample inlet to prevent condensation of less volatile compounds while also maintaining the high resolving power of a drift tube at room temperature. The results on the influence of the orientation of the IMS can also be applied to even higher temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344097"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous platinum nanozyme-amplified capacitance immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein with hepatocellular carcinoma on an interdigitated gold micro-comb array","authors":"Huaxi Ma ,&nbsp;Dongqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Lin ,&nbsp;Shenglong Lin,&nbsp;Wenjun Wu,&nbsp;Ziyuan Liao,&nbsp;Xiangmei Wang,&nbsp;Haibing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma, one of the most common malignancies, is the worldwide three cause leading the mortality of cancers. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a typical tumor marker for the recurrences of HCC, and can be utilized potentially during routine follow-up after HCC resection. Therefore, sensitive and accuracy detection of AFP is very critical at the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this work, an <em>in-situ</em> amplified capacitance immunoassay was designed for highly sensitive determination of AFP in biological fluids. The capacitance immunosensor was fabricated by means of immobilizing <em>anti</em>-AFP capture antibodies on an interdigitated gold micro-comb array through a carbodiimide coupling method. Porous platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were used for the labeling of <em>anti</em>-AFP detection antibody. The presence of target analyte induced the formation of the sandwiched immunocomplex between capture antibody and detection antibody. The carried porous PtNPs with peroxidase-like activity catalyzed 4-chloro-1-naphethol oxidation to produce an insoluble benzo-4-chlorohexadienone precipitation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The precipitation was coated on the micro-comb electrode, thus causing the capacitance change. Two labeling protocols including porous PtNPs and solid PtNPs were investigated for determination of AFP, and improved analytical features were acquired with porous PtNPs. Under optimal conditions, porous PtNP-based capacitance immunoassay gave a good linear response from 0.01 ng mL⁻¹ to 300 ng mL⁻¹ AFP with a detection limit of 7.4 pg mL⁻¹. Good reproducibility, high specificity and long-term stability were also achieved. In addition, 15 human serum specimens were determined through our method, and the results were in accordance with those obtained from commercial AFP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This capacitance immunoassay offers promise for sensitive and cost-effective detection of cancer biomarkers without the requirement of natural enzymes. Importantly, porous PtNP-based labeling strategy opens a new horizon for advanced development of capacitance immunoassays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Excitation-Emission Matrices Have Revolutionised Multi-Way Data Analyses – A tutorial for multi-way EEM-based calibration method developments","authors":"Marina Antonio, Arsenio Muñoz de la Peña, Héctor C. Goicoechea, Mirta R. Alcaraz","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2025.344089","url":null,"abstract":"For many years, excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy has been a compelling analytical technique, fostering the development of multidimensional data analysis-based methods. Its applications span diverse fields, including analytical chemistry and biological, food, and environmental sciences, which have been extensively documented in the scientific literature. EEM spectroscopy stands out for its versatility, affordability, and exceptional capacity to provide rich analytical insights, making it a preferred choice for investigations requiring higher-order data analysis. While second-order data analysis based on EEM fluorescence spectroscopy has been widely explored, generating third-order data from EEM remains a challenging and spotlighted research area.This tutorial intends to trace the evolution of multi-way data analysis in recent years, focusing on applying multidimensional fluorescence in analytical contexts. It delves into the critical issues, emerging trends, and challenges in analytical calibration method developments. Moreover, our comprehensive assessment encompasses the instrumental, methodological, and practical aspects of multi-way data applications, providing tailored guidance to empower readers in overcoming obstacles and advancing their research endeavours.","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution analysis of secondary metabolites in bolted and unbolted Saposhnikovia divaricata by atmospheric pressure laser ablation carbon fiber ionization mass spectrometry imaging","authors":"Na Li ,&nbsp;Xialian Cui ,&nbsp;Yingjie Lu ,&nbsp;Fang Zhang ,&nbsp;Su Guo ,&nbsp;Yue Su ,&nbsp;Yinlong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bolting severely affects the medicinal value and yield of <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em>. Currently, spatial distribution of secondary metabolites in bolted and unbolted <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em> remains unknown. The commercial Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) platforms has high sensitivity to high-polar compounds, but suppresses signals of less polar compounds, generating a gap of understanding how spatial distributed of such metabolites that is less prone to ionize.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study developed a highly sensitive Laser Ablation Carbon Fiber Ionization (LACFI) MSI method under atmospheric pressure to achieve the spatial distribution analysis of secondary metabolites in <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em>, including low-polar compounds which is difficult to be analyzed in other MSI methods. The laser efficiently desorbs compounds from <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em> tissue, and the desorbed compounds are rapidly ionized by a carbon fiber ion source under high pressure. The desorption and ionization are performed in two separate steps, reducing the matrix effect and enhancing the ionization efficiency of compounds, which increase sensitivity. The carbon fiber has good compatibility with polar and low-polar compounds, which increases the number of detectable metabolites. The spatial distribution of secondary metabolites undergoes a shift from the unbolted to the bolted <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em>. The result of imaging is consistent with the conclusion of pharmacopoeia that the bolted <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em> is not used medicinally.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Compared to commercial imaging methods, the LACFI-MSI method developed is ultra-sensitive, has a greater sensitivity in the analysis of less polar compounds. Spatial distribution analysis of secondary metabolites that previously difficult/unable to detect in bolted and unbolted <em>Saposhnikovia divaricata</em> is realized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344096"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel chemiresistive biosensor utilizing green-synthesized AgNPs and MWCNT-ZnO nanofibers for rapid detection of tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen","authors":"Dinesh R. Rotake ,&nbsp;Jitendra B. Zalke ,&nbsp;Shubham C. Anjankar ,&nbsp;Shiv Govind Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) poses a major global health threat, especially in low- and middle-income countries with limited diagnostic infrastructure. Early and accurate detection is essential to control its spread and improve outcomes, but conventional methods like sputum microscopy and culture are slow, resource-intensive, and lack sensitivity for early or extrapulmonary cases. To address this, a cost-effective, disposable, paper-based interdigitated electrode (IDE) biosensor was developed, functionalized with green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (GSSNPs) and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube - Zinc Oxide (MWCNT-ZnO) composite nanofibers. This innovative sensor combines affordability, portability, and high sensitivity, offering a practical and scalable solution for rapid TB diagnostics in resource-constrained settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The developed paper-based interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor demonstrates highly promising results for the early and accurate detection of tuberculosis (TB) antigens. The sensor achieved an exceptional lower limit of detection (LOD) of 25.79 fg/mL, enabling the detection of trace amounts of TB antigens. Furthermore, it exhibited a broad linear detection range from 10 pg/mL to 6 ng/mL, making it suitable for various clinical sample concentrations. This remarkable sensitivity and detection range highlight the unique capabilities of the functionalized MWCNT-ZnO composite nanofibers (NFs) and GSSNPs utilized in its design. The sensor's performance evaluation revealed high sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility, with minimal interference from non-specific interactions. Its disposable, scalable, and environmentally friendly design further enhances its suitability for point-of-care (PoC) applications in resource-limited settings, offering a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tool for managing TB, particularly in underserved regions.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study concludes that the developed paper-based IDE sensor offers a highly sensitive, selective, and cost-effective solution for the early detection of TB antigens, with an impressive LOD of 25.79 fg/mL and a broad detection range. Its simple fabrication, disposable design, and environmentally friendly paper substrate make it ideal for point-of-care applications in resource-limited settings. This innovation is significant as it addresses critical diagnostic gaps, enabling early diagnosis and improved TB management, particularly in underserved regions where traditional methods fall short.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A minimally instrumented method for the detection of rifampicin resistance-causing mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizing lateral flow readout","authors":"Ayushi Chauhan ,&nbsp;S. SivaKumar ,&nbsp;Bhushan J. Toley","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2025.344090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Genotypic methods for detecting antimicrobial resistance in <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)</em> typically require expensive instrumentation, limiting their accessibility in peripheral and resource-limited settings. Rifampicin resistance is a key marker of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and is primarily caused by mutations in the <em>rpoB</em> gene. Rapid, cost-effective, and minimally instrumented methods for detecting these mutations are essential for improving tuberculosis diagnostics, particularly in low-resource environments. This study addresses the need for a simple, sensitive, and specific assay to detect the four most common rifampicin resistance-associated mutations without relying on complex laboratory infrastructure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We developed a minimally instrumented method to detect the four most prevalent mutations causing rifampicin resistance in <em>M.tb</em>—S531L, H526Y, H526D, and D516V. The method is based on the oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA), coupled with lateral flow readout. The method successfully detected wild-type and mutant DNA at limits of 10 and 100 gene copies per reaction, respectively. It exhibited high sensitivity in heterozygous samples, detecting as low as 3 % mutant DNA for all four mutations. Validation with genomic DNA extracted from 29 <em>M.tb</em> isolates from the ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India, demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 100 % for <em>M.tb</em> detection and 90.90 % and 100 %, respectively, for rifampicin resistance detection.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This method provides a cost-effective and minimally instrumented alternative to conventional genotypic resistance detection methods. Its high sensitivity and specificity, combined with its ease of adaptation to other resistance-causing mutations, make it a promising tool for tuberculosis diagnostics in resource-limited settings. By reducing reliance on expensive laboratory infrastructure, this approach could facilitate more accessible and rapid detection of drug-resistant <em>M.tb,</em> improving global TB control efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1358 ","pages":"Article 344090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}