Virulence最新文献

{"title":"The life-and-death struggle between the complement system and pathogens: Mechanisms of elimination, evasion tactics, and translational potential.","authors":"Siqi Lian, Jiaqi Liu, Yi Yang, Guoqiang Zhu, Pengpeng Xia","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complement system, along with its intricate network, constitutes a vital component of the innate immune response, playing a pivotal role in defending the host against invading pathogens. While it is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, dysregulation of this system can lead to significant pathological consequences: deficiencies in complement components increase susceptibility to infections, whereas excessive activation causes inflammatory tissue damage. Through its diverse functions and regulatory mechanisms, including but not limited to cytolytic effects, opsonophagocytosis, induction of inflammatory responses, and facilitation of antigen presentation, the complement system can independently or synergistically eliminate pathogens with high specificity and efficiency. In response to this robust immune defense strategy, pathogens have evolved a range of sophisticated evasion and resistance mechanisms to counteract the lethal effects of complements. In-depth research into these complement-pathogen interactions enhances our understanding of disease pathogenesis and progression, providing vital theoretical foundations and potential targets for novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2553781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into the interaction between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Juanjuan Zou, Yijing Zhang, Xiaojing Sun, Yan Wang, Yanzhong Li, Ze-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. We aimed to analyze the causal effects of chronic HBV infection on MetS components and vice versa. Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to explore the genetic association of chronic HBV infection with both metabolic risk factors and metabolic diseases using summary-level data from GWAS. Further colocalization and mediation analyses were performed for traits with significant causal relationships. The effect of HBV on lipid metabolism was validated by <i>in vitro</i> assays. In European populations, the MR analyses did not support causal relationships between chronic HBV infection and metabolic traits. In East Asian populations, chronic HBV infection was associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and reduced risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Reversely, CAD showed negative causal effects on chronic HBV infection risk. Colocalization analysis revealed that the association between chronic HBV infection and CAD was most likely driven by distinct rather than shared causal variants. Mediation analysis identified LDL as a major mediator in the causal effect of chronic HBV infection on CAD and aspirin use as the primary mediator in the causal effect of CAD on chronic HBV infection. <i>In vitro</i> experiments suggested that HBV may inhibit glucose plus insulin-induced lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Our results provide genetic evidence of chronic HBV infection as a protective factor against dyslipidemia and CAD and reveal the potential causal effect of CAD on genetically proxied chronic HBV infection via aspirin treatment in East Asian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2553786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracellular survival of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in macrophages during osteomyelitis.","authors":"William A Lathram, Christopher D Radka","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, traditionally viewed as an extracellular pathogen, is increasingly recognized for its ability to persist intracellularly, particularly within macrophages. This intracellular lifestyle is central to osteomyelitis, a chronic bone infection characterized by persistent inflammation, bone destruction, and impaired repair. Within bone, <i>S. aureus</i> exploits macrophage plasticity by driving a shift from pro-inflammatory, bactericidal M1-like states to anti-inflammatory, tissue-reparative M2-like phenotypes. This polarization suppresses immune clearance and promotes an environment conducive to bacterial survival and dissemination. Additional strategies - including biofilm formation, small colony variants, and inhibition of phagolysosomal killing - further enhance persistence and immune evasion. While these mechanisms are well studied in extracellular infections, their role in intracellular survival is increasingly evident. This review synthesizes emerging insights into how <i>S. aureus</i> manipulates macrophage function to establish chronic bone infection and highlights therapeutic opportunities targeting macrophage polarization to improve immune-mediated clearance and bone repair in osteomyelitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2553789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AoVps18 regulates sporulation, trap morphogenesis, and nematode predation by modulating vacuole assembly and attractant synthesis in <i>Arthrobotrys oligospora</i>.","authors":"Meichen Zhu, Yankun Liu, Yi Chen, Qiyan Hu, Dake Zhao, Wenjie Wang, Jinkui Yang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553782","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vacuoles are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, playing key roles in cellular homeostasis through nutrient sensing, osmoregulation, and autophagy. In filamentous fungi, vacuole dynamics are crucial for mycelial growth, stress response, and pathogenicity. The vacuolar functions and their regulation in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized a vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) protein Vps18 (AoVps18) in a typical NT fungus <i>Arthrobotrys oligospora</i>, which is required for the proper regulation of mycelial growth, trap formation, and sporulation. Through integrated phenotypic and molecular analyses, we established that AoVps18 physically interacts with core mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling components (AoSte12 and AoFus3) to coordinate predation-related cellular processes, including vacuole assembly, mitochondrial dynamics, and lipid droplet accumulation. Notably, we identified a TGAAAC regulatory motif in the <i>Aovps18</i> promoter, suggesting direct transcriptional control by the MAPK effector, AoSte12. RNA sequencing and metabolomics further revealed that AoVps18 is involved in regulating multiple cellular processes and synthesizing compounds critical for the chemotaxis of nematodes toward <i>A. oligospora</i>. Overall, these findings elucidate the regulatory mechanisms by which AoVps18 coordinates vacuolar function with trap morphogenesis and mycelial growth in NT fungi, advancing both the fundamental understanding of Vps proteins regulation and potential biocontrol applications against plant-parasitic nematodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2553782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping evolutionary paradigm of bovine viral diarrhea virus <i>Npro</i> associated with different organizations of nucleotide.","authors":"Xili Feng, Zeyu Liu, Xiaoting Ren, Lele An, Xiao-Xia Ma","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2550620","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2550620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The non-structural protein (Npro) of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a crucial virulence factor that impairs the host's antiviral immune response and facilitates virus production. This study establishes a foundation for understanding how different selective pressures influence the formation of nucleotide pairs, synonymous codon, and context-dependent codon bias (CDCB) in BVDV <i>Npro</i>. BVDV genotype 1 exhibits a greater number of subgenotypes compared to other genotypes, yet its overall nucleotide usage bias in <i>Npro</i> is stronger. Within <i>Npro</i>, certain dinucleotides, specifically CpG and UpA, are notably suppressed, while UpG is selected with high frequency across all genotypes. The BVDV <i>Npro</i> region exhibits a pronounced bias in synonymous codon usage and possesses a genetic capacity to distinguish between genotypes. Unlike the patterns of mononucleotide and synonymous codon usage associated with BVDV genotyping, nucleotide pair usage and CDCB show significant variability due to the high mutation rate in the Npro coding sequence. Despite this variation, both nucleotide architectures demonstrate a unique evolutionary paradigm that goes beyond genotype-specific models. Aside from nucleotide composition constraints imposed by the high mutation rate in the viral genome, natural selective pressures arising from translational selection and host immune response also significantly influence the formation of various nucleotide architectures in the BVDV <i>Npro</i>. By analyzing the genetic characterizations associated with the different nucleotide architectures in the <i>Npro</i>, the diverse repertoire of nucleotide pairs, synonymous codons and CDCB may provide BVDV mutants with ample opportunities for direct adaptation and exaptation, thereby overcoming the robust immune defenses of the host.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2550620"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterobactin: A key player in bacterial iron acquisition and virulence and its implications for vaccine development and antimicrobial strategies.","authors":"Mohadese Amiri, Mehdi Golchin, Majid Jamshidian Mojaver, Hamidreza Farzin, Abbas Hajizade","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2563018","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2563018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterobactin, a high-affinity siderophore produced by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and other enteric pathogens, plays a critical role in bacterial iron acquisition and virulence. By sequestering iron from host environments, enterobactin enables bacterial survival and proliferation, even under iron-limited conditions typical of host tissues. This review explores the biosynthesis and regulation of enterobactin, highlighting its contribution to bacterial pathogenesis and immune evasion. We discuss the potential of targeting enterobactin for the development of live-attenuated vaccines, emphasizing the attenuation of virulence through genetic knockout of enterobactin biosynthesis genes (e.g. <i>entB</i>). Additionally, we examine enterobactin as a promising target for novel antimicrobial strategies, including small-molecule inhibitors and siderophore-based \"Trojan horse\" antibiotics. Beyond medical applications, we also explore the biotechnological and environmental potential of enterobactin, such as its use in bioremediation and drug delivery systems. Finally, we identify key gaps in current research and propose future directions for harnessing enterobactin to combat bacterial infections and address global health challenges. This review underscores the multifaceted role of enterobactin in bacterial biology and its potential as a cornerstone for innovative therapeutic and biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2563018"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melioidosis molecular diagnostics: An update.","authors":"Prachi Gangil, Manash K Paul, Prathyoosha B, Debadrita Mondal, Sneha Kumari, P R Prasad, Vandana K E, Bharti Bisht, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505698","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melioidosis, a fatal tropical disease, presents a wide array of clinical manifestations, including abscesses, pneumonia, septic shock, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and skin infection. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has classified <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> (<i>B. pseudomallei</i>), a gram-negative bacterium found in soil, as a Tier 1 select agent. Referred to as the \"great mimicker,\" this organism can infect several organs imitating the symptoms of different illnesses. According to worldwide data, there are around 165,000 cases and 89,000 deaths annually. Current diagnostic procedures rely primarily on culturing <i>B. pseudomallei</i>, are slow and have low sensitivity, resulting in delayed treatment and higher fatality rates. This review examines the substantial difficulties related to diagnosing melioidosis in response to the urgent need for precise and prompt diagnosis. We have summarized the results of diagnostic kits that are currently sold in the market and assessed the market for melioidosis diagnostic kits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2505698"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12169043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood virome profiling reveals subtype-specific viral signatures and reduced diversity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"Shaokun Pan, Wang Li, Xingyue Zhao, Huijie Wang, Jing Liu, Wen Zhang, Chenglin Zhou, Youhua Xie","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2542457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2542457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), a heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy, demonstrates molecular diversity linked to genetic and immune factors, with emerging roles for viral infections in pathogenesis. Yet, the blood virome's composition and dynamics in NHL remain poorly characterized. This study characterizes the blood virome in NHL subtypes using viral metagenomic sequencing of serum from 217 patients (B-cell: BCL, T-cell: TCL, NK-cell: NKCL) and 40 healthy controls. Bioinformatic analysis identified 45 viral families, revealing subtype-specific viromic signatures. BCL exhibited a dominance of <i>Anelloviridae</i>, which accounted for 86% of eukaryotic viruses, compared with only 3% in controls, correlating with immunosuppression. Additionally, picobirnavirus, an opportunistic pathogen particularly in hosts with compromised immune systems, also showed a significant difference compared to controls. NKCL showed <i>Flaviviridae</i> enrichment, accounting for 82% of eukaryotic viruses, with nearly all of them being human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1). Compared with healthy controls, patients with NHL exhibited significantly lower blood virome α-diversity at the genus level, and T-cell lymphomas showed the lowest species-level richness (140 vs. 332 in controls). Beta diversity highlighted BCL-specific viral heterogeneity, contrasting conserved T/NKCL viral profiles. <i>Anelloviridae</i> and Picobirnavirus expansion aligns with immune dysfunction, whereas NKCL-restricted HPgV-1 prevalence underscores biomarker potential. These findings implicate blood virome alterations marked by viral family predominance and diversity loss in NHL pathogenesis via immune modulation or oncogenesis. This first comprehensive NHL virome profile identifies subtype-specific signatures (<i>Anelloviridae</i>/Picobirnavirus/HPgV-1) for potential diagnostic and therapeutic targeting. Validation of these biomarkers may refine NHL subtyping and elucidate virome-lymphomagenesis mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2542457"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulation of macrophage signaling by <i>Leishmania</i> virulence factors.","authors":"Dhiraj Gurjar, Neelam Bodhale, Divanshu Shukla, Debadatta Nayak, Nibedita Lenka, Bhaskar Saha","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2549802","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2549802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Leishmania</i>, a macrophage-residing parasite, expresses virulence factors that intercept macrophage signaling and inflicts leishmaniasis. Recently described virulence factors- eEF-1α (eukaryotic elongation factor), LmjF_36_3850 (<i>Leishmania major</i> F_36_3850), LdTyrPIP_22 (LDBPK_220120.1) and LmjMAPK (<i>L. major</i> mitogen activated protein kinase)-4/12 selectively modulate the activities of kinases, phosphatases and metabolism of phosphatidylinositol influencing the infection outcome. LmjF_36_3850, abundant in virulent <i>L. major</i>, interferes with PKC (Protein kinase C) activation; OAG (1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol) supplementation enhanced PKC phosphorylation, increasing IL-12, but reducing IL-10, production and increased disease-promoting T cells. LdTyrPIP_22, a dual-specificity phosphatase, dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine residues and PI(3)P/PI(4)P, within the flagellar pocket and vesicles, suggesting a role in phosphoinositide (PI) signaling during differentiation. Its <i>L. mexicana</i> ortholog, LmDUSP1 (Dual-specificity Phosphatase), is a virulence factor linked to infectivity. 170 PX-domain-containing proteins in Kinetoplastea are implicated in phosphoinositide-mediated signaling, transport, and membrane trafficking. This review constructs a new framework of virulence factor-modulated host cell signaling as a bi-directional host-parasite interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2549802"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12427523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and comprehensive characterization of bovine parvovirus 1 from diarrheic calves in Northeast China: Insights into evolution and biology.","authors":"Mingze Chen, Yingying Ma, Yue Yan, Xihuai Xue, Wei Wu, Fei Teng, Guiwei Li, Chenyu Zheng, Qiying Han, Shilong You, Yanping Jiang, Jiaxuan Li, Wen Cui, Feipeng Zhao, Hongzhe Zhao, Xinyuan Qiao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2561830","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2561830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine parvovirus (BPV) is among the pathogens associated with respiratory, digestive, and reproductive disorders in cattle, contributing to significant economic losses in the global cattle industry. To investigate the prevalence and genetic variability of BPV in diarrheic cattle, 14 BPV strains were isolated from 673 bovine diarrhea samples (2017-2022, Northeast China) using BT cells. Notably, the DQ7498 strain exhibited the highest proliferation efficiency (titer reaching 10^8.12TCID₅₀/mL). Sensitive cell detection assays showed isolated strains stably serially passaged only in BT and bovine lung cells. Electron microscopy revealed that all isolates as non-enveloped icosahedrons structures (approximately 25 nm in diameter), consistent with parvovirus morphology. Complete coding sequence (CDS) and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 14 isolates strains were closely related to BPV1 reference strains (DQ335247, NC001540), with high genetic identity (96.5%-99%). Recombination analysis identified genomic recombination events in four strains (JL108, JL60, DQ7706 and DQ7728), suggesting DQ8186 and ZD0510, or earlier unisolated strains, as potential parental strains. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed multiple coding mutations among the 14 isolates. Although antigenic epitope mutations (A362T and N399D) were identified in VP2, they did not induce significant conformational changes. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated that the virus exhibited sensitivity to chloroform and loses its infectivity after chloroform treatment, which is inconsistent with previous research reports. This study reports the first isolation of 14 BPV1 strains in Northeast China, revealing BPV1 genetic evolution, antigenic variation, and the first documented recombination events among regional strains, providing new insights into the molecular evolution of BPV1 and disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2561830"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}