Virulence最新文献_第2页

Differences in virulence and drug resistance between Clostridioides difficile ST37 and ST1 isolates. 艰难梭菌ST37和ST1菌株的毒力和耐药性差异。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554

Zirou Ouyang, Jing Yang, Huimin Zhang, Min Zhao, Huimin Yang, Jiafeng Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Cuixin Qiang, Zhirong Li, Pu Qin, Weigang Wang, Yanan Niu, Jianhong Zhao

{"title":"Differences in virulence and drug resistance between Clostridioides difficile ST37 and ST1 isolates.","authors":"Zirou Ouyang, Jing Yang, Huimin Zhang, Min Zhao, Huimin Yang, Jiafeng Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Cuixin Qiang, Zhirong Li, Pu Qin, Weigang Wang, Yanan Niu, Jianhong Zhao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common hospital-acquired infections is caused by toxigenic Clostridioides difficile. Although C. difficile ST37 only produces a functional toxin B, it causes disease as severe as that caused by hypervirulent ST1. We aim to compare the differences in virulence and drug resistance between ST37 and ST1 isolates. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on ST37 and ST1 isolates, analyzing their type-specific genes, and the distribution and mutation of genes related to virulence and antibiotic resistance. We compared the in vitro virulence-related phenotypes of ST37 and ST1 isolates, including: TcdB concentration, number of spores formed, aggregation rate, biofilm formation, swimming diameter in semi-solid medium, motility diameter on the surface of solid medium, and their resistance to 14 CDI-related antibiotics. We detected 4 ST37-specific genes related to adherence, including lytC, cbpA, CD3246, and srtB. We detected 97 virulence-related genes in ST37 isolates that exhibit genomic differences compared to ST1. ST37 isolates showed increased aggregation, biofilm formation, and surface motility compared to ST1 in vitro. Chloramphenicol resistance gene catQ and tetracycline resistance gene tetM are present in ST37 but absent in ST1 strains. The resistance rates of ST37 to chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 45.4% and 81.8%, respectively, whereas ST1 isolates were sensitive to both antibiotics. ST1 was more resistant to rifaximin than ST37. ST37 isolates showed stronger aggregation, biofilm formation and surface motility, and had higher resistance rates to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. ST1 isolates showed stronger ability to produce toxin and sporulation, and was highly resistant to rifaximin.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2502554"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative pathogenicity of goose parvovirus across different epidemic lineages in ducklings and goslings. 鹅细小病毒不同流行谱系在雏鸭和雏鹅中的比较致病性。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904

Xiaolong Lu, Qianqian Xu, Miao Cai, Meiqi Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Yanhong Wang, Wenhao Yang, Kaituo Liu, Ruyi Gao, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaowen Liu

{"title":"Comparative pathogenicity of goose parvovirus across different epidemic lineages in ducklings and goslings.","authors":"Xiaolong Lu, Qianqian Xu, Miao Cai, Meiqi Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Yanhong Wang, Wenhao Yang, Kaituo Liu, Ruyi Gao, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaowen Liu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904","url":null,"abstract":"The endemic status of goose parvovirus (GPV) continues to devastate the poultry industry in China. Novel GPV (NGPV) and Mutated GPV (MGPV) represent the predominant lineages. However, the comparative pathogenicity between these viruses remains poorly understood. Herein, we selected representative NGPV and MGPV strains as model viruses to assess their pathogenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro cellular and embryo assays demonstrated that both NGPV and MGPV were capable of replicating in DEF and GEF cells, leading to pronounced cytopathic effects. However, these viruses exhibited distinct levels of intra-embryonic replication capabilities. Furthermore, we conducted in vivo infection experiments and systematically evaluated the pathogenic differences between NGPV and MGPV by examining various indicators, including growth, clinical signs, gross pathology, skeletal development, viral load, and humoral response in the infected animals. The results showed that both NGPV and MGPV inhibited weight gain in goslings and ducklings, with NGPV exerting a more significant suppressive impact. MGPV induced classical gosling plague pathology in goslings, while NGPV led to short beak and dwarfism syndrome in ducklings, notably disrupting skeletal development. Moreover, MGPV and NGPV exhibited diverse host tropisms, with MGPV being more pathogenic to goslings and NGPV to ducklings. Both viruses elicited specific antibody responses, with MGPV being more effective in goslings and NGPV in ducklings. Additionally, MGPV exhibited stronger humoral response compared to NGPV. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of prevalent GPV strains in waterfowl, offering a critical theoretical foundation for devising strategies to prevent GPV infections.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2497904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The response to desiccation in Acinetobacter baumannii. 鲍曼不动杆菌对干燥的反应。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209

Massimiliano Lucidi, Giulia Capecchi, Cinzia Spagnoli, Arianna Basile, Irene Artuso, Luca Persichetti, Elisa Fardelli, Giovanni Capellini, Daniela Visaggio, Francesco Imperi, Giordano Rampioni, Livia Leoni, Paolo Visca

{"title":"The response to desiccation in Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Massimiliano Lucidi, Giulia Capecchi, Cinzia Spagnoli, Arianna Basile, Irene Artuso, Luca Persichetti, Elisa Fardelli, Giovanni Capellini, Daniela Visaggio, Francesco Imperi, Giordano Rampioni, Livia Leoni, Paolo Visca","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term resistance to desiccation on abiotic surfaces is a key determinant of the adaptive success of Acinetobacter baumannii as a healthcare-associated bacterial pathogen. Here, the cellular and molecular mechanisms enabling A. baumannii to resist desiccation and persist on abiotic surfaces were investigated. Experiments were set up to mimic the A. baumannii response to air-drying that would occur when bacterial cells contaminate fomites in hospitals. Resistance to desiccation and transition to the \"viable but nonculturable\" (VBNC) state were determined in the laboratory-adapted strain ATCC 19606T and the epidemic strain ACICU. Culturability, membrane integrity, metabolic activity, virulence, and gene expression profile were compared between the two strains at different stages of desiccation. Upon desiccation, ATCC 19606T and ACICU cells lose culturability and membrane integrity, lower their metabolism, and enter the VBNC state. However, desiccated A. baumannii cells fully recover culturability and virulence in an insect infection model following rehydration in physiological buffers or human biological fluids. Transcriptome and chemical analyses of A. baumannii cells during desiccation unveiled the production of protective metabolites (L-cysteine and L-glutamate) and decreased energetic metabolism consequent to activation of the glyoxylate shunt (GS) pathway, as confirmed by reduced resuscitation efficiency of aceA mutants, lacking the key enzyme of the GS pathway. VBNC cell formation and extensive metabolic reprogramming provide a biological basis for the response of A. baumannii to desiccation, with implications on environmental control measures aimed at preventing the transmission of A. baumannii infection in hospitals.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2490209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing harm and harmony: Evolutionary dynamics between gut microbiota-derived flagellin and TLR5-mediated host immunity and metabolism. 平衡伤害与和谐：肠道微生物源鞭毛蛋白与tlr5介导的宿主免疫和代谢之间的进化动力学。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2512035

Boram Seo, Mi Young Lim

{"title":"Balancing harm and harmony: Evolutionary dynamics between gut microbiota-derived flagellin and TLR5-mediated host immunity and metabolism.","authors":"Boram Seo, Mi Young Lim","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2512035","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2512035","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota maintains host health and shapes immune responses through intricate host-microbe interactions. Bacterial flagellin, a key microbe-associated molecular pattern, is recognized by Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and NOD-like receptor family caspase activation and recruitment domain-containing 4 inflammasome. This dual recognition maintains the delicate balance between immune tolerance and activation, thereby influencing health and disease outcomes. Therefore, we explored the structural and functional evolution of bacterial flagellin to elucidate its role in innate and adaptive immune responses, along with its impact on metabolic processes, particularly via TLR5. In this review, we highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of flagellin, including its application in vaccine development, cancer immunotherapy, and microbiome-based therapies. We integrated perspectives from structural biology, immunology, and microbiome research to elucidate the co-evolutionary dynamics between gut microbiota-derived flagellin and host immunity. Our interpretations provide a basis for the development of innovative strategies to improve health and disease management.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2512035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasmids of two novel incompatibility groups IncFII_pPROV114-NR and Inc_pCHS4.1-3 from Providencia. 两个新的不相容群IncFIIpPROV114-NR和IncpCHS4.1-3的质粒来自普罗维登西亚。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2512034

Xiuhui Lu, Jiaqi He, Yali Zheng, Fangzhou Chen, Jing Luo, Kejiao Ma, Fan Yang, Peng Wang, Dongsheng Zhou, Bo Gao, Zhe Yin

{"title":"Plasmids of two novel incompatibility groups IncFIIpPROV114-NR and IncpCHS4.1-3 from Providencia.","authors":"Xiuhui Lu, Jiaqi He, Yali Zheng, Fangzhou Chen, Jing Luo, Kejiao Ma, Fan Yang, Peng Wang, Dongsheng Zhou, Bo Gao, Zhe Yin","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2512034","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2512034","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the genetic structure of two incompatibility (Inc) groups found in Providencia: the newly discovered IncFIIpPROV114-NR and the newly designated IncpCHS4.1-3. An extensive genomic comparison was performed on all 14 plasmids (three IncFIIpPROV114-NR plasmids and 11 IncpCHS4.1-3 plasmids) from Providencia, including 12 newly sequenced in this study and two from GenBank. Three IncFIIpPROV114-NR plasmids had similar conserved backbones but differed in accessory modules. The 11 IncpCHS4.1-3 plasmids fell into two groups according to differences in the conserved genes of the plasmid backbone. The accessory modules of 11 IncpCHS4.1-3 plasmids showed significant diversity, indicating numerous gene gains and losses, including in the Tn1696-related region, in Tn7504, in a 17.3-kb sul2 region, and a 63.6-kb blaNDM-1 region. A minimum of 45 obtained antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were identified in 13 of the 14 plasmids, covering resistance to 14 classes of antimicrobials and heavy metals. Five new mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were identified, including In2168, In1790, Tn7500, Tn7501, and Tn7502. Additionally, three MGEs, Tn7499, Tn7503, and Tn7504 were newly designated. These two Inc group plasmids integrate abundant accessory modules that allow them to accumulate and distribute ARGs and improve the survivability of Providencia under the pressure of drug selection.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2512034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dual fluorescence channel RAA-based CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a system for highly sensitive detection of Gyrovirus galga1 and Gyrovirus homsa1. 基于raa的双荧光通道CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a系统用于高灵敏度检测回旋病毒galga1和回旋病毒homsa1。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2521012

Dan Yu, Zhixun Xie, Yanfang Zhang, Zhiqin Xie, Qing Fan, Sisi Luo, Liji Xie, Meng Li, Tingting Zeng, Minxiu Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, You Wei, Aiqiong Wu, Lijun Wan

{"title":"A dual fluorescence channel RAA-based CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a system for highly sensitive detection of Gyrovirus galga1 and Gyrovirus homsa1.","authors":"Dan Yu, Zhixun Xie, Yanfang Zhang, Zhiqin Xie, Qing Fan, Sisi Luo, Liji Xie, Meng Li, Tingting Zeng, Minxiu Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, You Wei, Aiqiong Wu, Lijun Wan","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2521012","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2521012","url":null,"abstract":"Gyrovirus galga1 (GyG1) and Gyrovirus homsa1 (GyH1) are the second and third most common gyroviruses identified, respectively, after chicken anaemia virus. They were first reported in 2011 and are currently prevalent worldwide. However, limited research on these pathogens and a lack of prevention and control strategies have necessitated the establishment of a rapid diagnostic technique to address new challenges in infectious diseases. Recombinase acid amplification (RAA) combined with CRISPR - Cas12a or CRISPR - Cas13a technology has major advantages for highly sensitive and rapid diagnosis. Specific targets can activate CRISPR-Cas trans-cleavage activity, resulting in non-specific cleavage of single-stranded DNA by the CRISPR - Cas12a complex and RNA cleavage by the CRISPR - Cas13a complex. In this study, for the first time, we combined RAA-based CRISPR - Cas12a and CRISPR - Cas13a systems for simultaneous differential diagnosis of GyG1 and GyH1 infection. The results showed that dual fluorescence channel RAA-based CRISPR - Cas12a/Cas13a technology could detect GyG1 and GyH1 within one hour, with a minimum detection limit of 1.5 copies of the target DNA standard/µL and no cross-reactivity with other avian pathogens. In addition, this method could be used for clinical detection, with the results exhibiting high consistency with those obtained by qPCR. These findings demonstrate that our RAA-based CRISPR - Cas12a/Cas13a dual-channel detection system can detect two different subtypes of gyrovirus in a sample with good specificity and high sensitivity, improving the detection efficiency and providing a new technique for the study of viral infection dynamics.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2521012"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa. 预测南非SARS-CoV-2的进化和流行病学动态。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-03 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2520335

Chaojing Ma, Yantao Yang, Jian Zu

{"title":"Predicting the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa.","authors":"Chaojing Ma, Yantao Yang, Jian Zu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2520335","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2520335","url":null,"abstract":"Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continuously mutated and evolved, causing several waves of infection. Predicting the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 remains a challenge. This study combines the epidemic data of different variants of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa to predict their evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics. Based on the susceptible-infectious-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) transmission dynamics, we consider the transmission rate as an evolutionary trait and the disease-deduced mortality and recovery rates as trade-off functions of the trait. Using the adaptive dynamics method, combined with the epidemic data of the five most recent variants in South Africa, we find that South Africa will be continuously invaded and infected by the new mutant strain with a higher transmission rate. In addition, we find that changing the recovery rate by enhancing treatment, for example, will alter the trade-off function and thereby affect the evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, which may evolve into a continuously stable strategy. This study is the first to use evolutionary dynamics theory to predict the future evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, which is helpful for the government to predict the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 and to take effective measures in advance, and it is proposed that advancing treatment time and improving treatment efficiency will contribute to disease control.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2520335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12323434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenic mechanisms and molecular features of a novel UL2 gene-deficient duck enteritis virus endemic to China. 中国一种新型UL2基因缺陷鸭肠炎病毒的致病机制和分子特征

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2547325

Dan Yin, Yuehua Gao, Mingqing Xu, Jianhua Wang, Xiaofei Song, Zhen Li, Jianyun Peng, Min Kang, Bai Wei, Chengdong Yu, Yingjuan Qian, Yong-Sam Jung, Feng Hu, Junfeng Lv, Zhuoming Qin, Yufeng Li

{"title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and molecular features of a novel UL2 gene-deficient duck enteritis virus endemic to China.","authors":"Dan Yin, Yuehua Gao, Mingqing Xu, Jianhua Wang, Xiaofei Song, Zhen Li, Jianyun Peng, Min Kang, Bai Wei, Chengdong Yu, Yingjuan Qian, Yong-Sam Jung, Feng Hu, Junfeng Lv, Zhuoming Qin, Yufeng Li","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2547325","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2547325","url":null,"abstract":"Duck enteritis virus (DEV) was identified as the etiological agent responsible for an outbreak of morbidity and mortality in adult ducks on a farm in Jiangsu, China. Diagnostic approaches confirmed that the outbreak was caused by the highly pathogenic DEV-JS2024 isolate. The clinical progression of the disease, characterized by lethargy, anorexia, ocular discharge, and high mortality, was accompanied by extensive hemorrhagic lesions in critical organs such as the liver, spleen, lungs, and bursa of Fabricius, consistent with known signs of DEV infection. Genomic analysis of DEV-JS2024 revealed a 45% G+C content and 76 open reading frames. BLASTn analysis revealed that the genome of DEV-JS2024 shares the highest sequence similarity with the Chinese virulent strain CV and the DEV attenuated vaccine strain C-KCE in the database. These results indicate a close genetic relationship between DEV-JS2024 and both the virulent and attenuated strains, suggesting potential similarities in their genomic architecture. Comparative genomic analysis identified 28 nucleotide mutations, including 15 non-synonymous mutations potentially related to virulence factors. The study also highlighted the first reported 528 base pairs deletion in the UL2 gene of a virulent strain, challenging its utility as a marker for distinguishing virulent from attenuated strains. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that DEV-JS2024 may result from recombination between the vaccine and virulent strains, further complicating our understanding of DEV pathogenicity. This study provides new insights into the molecular evolution of DEV and stresses the importance of continued genomic surveillance to enhance vaccine development and control measures for duck plague.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2547325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emergence and molecular evolution of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent ST23 Klebsiella pneumoniae: The superbug phenomenon in China. 耐碳青霉烯高毒力ST23肺炎克雷伯菌的出现与分子进化：中国的超级细菌现象。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2545556

Tao Chen, Xueting Wang, Luying Xiong, Ping Shen, Yonghong Xiao

{"title":"Emergence and molecular evolution of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent ST23 Klebsiella pneumoniae: The superbug phenomenon in China.","authors":"Tao Chen, Xueting Wang, Luying Xiong, Ping Shen, Yonghong Xiao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2545556","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2545556","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) ST23 in China. We conducted comprehensive searches across five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CNKI, and Wanfang) spanning 1980-2024, identifying 30 eligible studies through rigorous screening. Our synthesis documents 120 ST23 CR-hvKP clinical isolates, including the earliest known case from Zhejiang in 2013 which harbored blaKPC-2 alongside hallmark virulence loci (rmpA, rmpA2, iroN, iucA, and pagO). Epidemiological analysis of 119 isolates reveals geographic disparities: Hebei (25.2%) and Jiangxi (22.7%) are hotspots, while carbapenemase distribution exhibits a north-south divide (blaNDM predominating in northern China versus blaKPC in the south). Phylogenetic analysis of 584 global ST23 genomes suggests independent plasmid-mediated acquisition of carbapenemase genes, with evidence of clonal transmission both among humans and between humans and environmental niches. This review highlights the urgent need for surveillance to track CR-hvKP's evolving epidemiology, alongside interventions targeting plasmid-driven resistance spread.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2545556"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin impairs oxygen transport without causing hemolysis. 金黄色葡萄球菌β-溶血素损害氧运输而不引起溶血。

IF 5.4 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208

Qi Li, Nan Chen, Chenghua Liu, Zhen Zhao, Minjun Huang, Jingjing Li, Guang Yang

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin impairs oxygen transport without causing hemolysis.","authors":"Qi Li, Nan Chen, Chenghua Liu, Zhen Zhao, Minjun Huang, Jingjing Li, Guang Yang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection can lead to the occurrence of hypoxia, however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. β-hemolysin (Hlb) induced hemolysis of red blood cells (RBCs) requires a temperature transition from \"hot\" to \"cold,\" a phenomenon not observed under physiological conditions. In this study, we discovered that RBCs treated with Hlb exhibited a high level of intracellular Ca2+ and underwent a shape transformation from biconcave discoid to spherical, which was contingent upon the degradation of sphingomyelin of the cell membrane and led to impaired oxygen transport. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels induced by Hlb was dependent on the activation of the ion channel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Furthermore, we found that Hlb-induced Ca2+ influx increased the cytoplasmic pH and subsequently attenuated the oxygen release from RBCs, which were also observed in both hlb transgenic mice and a murine model with S. aureus challenge. Our findings reveal a novel role for Hlb as sphingomyelinase in impairing RBC function under non-lytic conditions, shedding light on the mechanism behind hypoxia associated with S. aureus infection.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2490208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11988224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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