IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2450462

Ye Huang, Yuan Huang, Zhiping Wu, Ziyue Fan, Fanglin Zheng, Yang Liu, Xinping Xu

{"title":"Characterization and genomic insights into bacteriophages Kpph1 and Kpph9 against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Ye Huang, Yuan Huang, Zhiping Wu, Ziyue Fan, Fanglin Zheng, Yang Liu, Xinping Xu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2450462","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2450462","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing incidence of infections attributed to hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Hv-CRKp) is of considerable concern. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; thus, phage-based therapies offer promising alternatives to antibiotic treatments targeting Hv-CRKp infections. In this study, two isolated bacteriophages, Kpph1 and Kpph9, were characterized for their specificity against the Hv-CRKp K. pneumoniae NUHL30457 strain that possesses a K2 capsule serotype. Both phages exhibit remarkable environmental tolerance, displaying stability over a range of pH values (4-11) and temperatures (up to 50°C). The phages demonstrate potent antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy, as indicated by their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation and to disrupt established biofilms of Hv-CRKp. Through phylogenetic analysis, it has been revealed that Kpph1 belongs to the new species of Webervirus genus, and Kpph9 to the Drulisvirus genus. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the tail fiber protein region exhibits the greatest diversity in the genomes of phages within the same genus, which implies distinct co-evolution histories between phages and their corresponding hosts. Interestingly, both phages have been found to contain two tail fiber proteins that may exhibit potential depolymerase activities. However, the exact role of depolymerase in the interaction between phages and their hosts warrants further investigation. In summary, our findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of phages Kpph1 and Kpph9, as well as their encoded proteins, in the context of research on phage therapy targeting hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2450462"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the causal role of pathogen-derived antibodies in major urinary and kidney diseases: Insights from generalized summary data-based Mendelian randomization. 探索病原体来源抗体在主要泌尿和肾脏疾病中的因果作用：来自基于孟德尔随机化数据的概括总结的见解。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2473631

Haoxiang Huang, Bohong Chen, Cong Feng, Wei Chen, Dapeng Wu

{"title":"Exploring the causal role of pathogen-derived antibodies in major urinary and kidney diseases: Insights from generalized summary data-based Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Haoxiang Huang, Bohong Chen, Cong Feng, Wei Chen, Dapeng Wu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2473631","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2473631","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney and urinary tract diseases, including glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), present significant global health challenges. Recent studies suggest a complex interplay between infectious pathogens and immune-mediated kidney damage. This study employs Generalized Summary data-based Mendelian Randomization (GSMR) to explore causal relationships between pathogen-derived antibodies and major urinary and kidney diseases.We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using summary statistics from large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to assess associations between 46 pathogen-specific antibodies and seven urinary system diseases. We utilized robust statistical methods, including inverse variance weighting, to ascertain causal effects while controlling for potential confounders.Significant associations were identified between several pathogen-specific antibodies and disease risk. Notably, Epstein-Barr virus (EBNA-1) antibody levels were inversely associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome, indicating a potential protective effect. Conversely, Anti-Merkel cell polyomavirus IgG seropositivity was linked to increased risks of CKD and glomerulonephritis. Additionally, immune-mediated mechanisms were highlighted, with certain antibodies exhibiting dual roles as risk factors or protective agents.This study underscores the complex role of pathogen antibodies in the pathogenesis of kidney and urinary tract diseases, revealing significant implications for future research and potential therapeutic strategies. The findings advocate for further investigation into specific pathogen interactions with the immune system, aiming to inform targeted interventions.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2473631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lactic acid in the vaginal milieu modulates the Candida-host interaction. 阴道环境中的乳酸调节念珠菌与宿主的相互作用。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2451165

Diletta Rosati, Marisa Valentine, Mariolina Bruno, Arnab Pradhan, Axel Dietschmann, Martin Jaeger, Ian Leaves, Frank L van de Veerdonk, Leo A B Joosten, Sumita Roy, Mark H T Stappers, Neil A R Gow, Bernhard Hube, Alistair J P Brown, Mark S Gresnigt, Mihai G Netea

{"title":"Lactic acid in the vaginal milieu modulates the Candida-host interaction.","authors":"Diletta Rosati, Marisa Valentine, Mariolina Bruno, Arnab Pradhan, Axel Dietschmann, Martin Jaeger, Ian Leaves, Frank L van de Veerdonk, Leo A B Joosten, Sumita Roy, Mark H T Stappers, Neil A R Gow, Bernhard Hube, Alistair J P Brown, Mark S Gresnigt, Mihai G Netea","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451165","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451165","url":null,"abstract":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common infections caused by Candida albicans. VVC is characterized by an inadequate hyperinflammatory response and clinical symptoms associated with Candida colonization of the vaginal mucosa. Compared to other host niches in which C. albicans can cause infection, the vaginal environment is extremely rich in lactic acid that is produced by the vaginal microbiota. We examined how lactic acid abundance in the vaginal niche impacts the interaction between C. albicans and the human immune system using an in vitro culture in vaginal simulative medium (VSM). The presence of lactic acid in VSM (VSM+LA) increased C. albicans proliferation, hyphal length, and its ability to cause damage during subsequent infection of vaginal epithelial cells. The cell wall of C. albicans cells grown in VSM+LA displayed a robust mannan fibrillar structure, β-glucan exposure, and low chitin content. These cell wall changes were associated with altered immune responses and an increased ability of the fungus to induce trained immunity. Neutrophils were compromised in clearing C. albicans grown in VSM+LA conditions, despite mounting stronger oxidative responses. Collectively, we found that fungal adaptation to lactic acid in a vaginal simulative context increases its immunogenicity favouring a pro-inflammatory state. This potentially contributes to the immune response dysregulation and neutrophil recruitment observed during recurrent VVC.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451165"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in virulence and drug resistance between Clostridioides difficile ST37 and ST1 isolates. 艰难梭菌ST37和ST1菌株的毒力和耐药性差异。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554

Zirou Ouyang, Jing Yang, Huimin Zhang, Min Zhao, Huimin Yang, Jiafeng Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Cuixin Qiang, Zhirong Li, Pu Qin, Weigang Wang, Yanan Niu, Jianhong Zhao

{"title":"Differences in virulence and drug resistance between Clostridioides difficile ST37 and ST1 isolates.","authors":"Zirou Ouyang, Jing Yang, Huimin Zhang, Min Zhao, Huimin Yang, Jiafeng Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Cuixin Qiang, Zhirong Li, Pu Qin, Weigang Wang, Yanan Niu, Jianhong Zhao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2025.2502554","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common hospital-acquired infections is caused by toxigenic Clostridioides difficile. Although C. difficile ST37 only produces a functional toxin B, it causes disease as severe as that caused by hypervirulent ST1. We aim to compare the differences in virulence and drug resistance between ST37 and ST1 isolates. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on ST37 and ST1 isolates, analyzing their type-specific genes, and the distribution and mutation of genes related to virulence and antibiotic resistance. We compared the in vitro virulence-related phenotypes of ST37 and ST1 isolates, including: TcdB concentration, number of spores formed, aggregation rate, biofilm formation, swimming diameter in semi-solid medium, motility diameter on the surface of solid medium, and their resistance to 14 CDI-related antibiotics. We detected 4 ST37-specific genes related to adherence, including lytC, cbpA, CD3246, and srtB. We detected 97 virulence-related genes in ST37 isolates that exhibit genomic differences compared to ST1. ST37 isolates showed increased aggregation, biofilm formation, and surface motility compared to ST1 in vitro. Chloramphenicol resistance gene catQ and tetracycline resistance gene tetM are present in ST37 but absent in ST1 strains. The resistance rates of ST37 to chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 45.4% and 81.8%, respectively, whereas ST1 isolates were sensitive to both antibiotics. ST1 was more resistant to rifaximin than ST37. ST37 isolates showed stronger aggregation, biofilm formation and surface motility, and had higher resistance rates to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. ST1 isolates showed stronger ability to produce toxin and sporulation, and was highly resistant to rifaximin.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2502554"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The response to desiccation in Acinetobacter baumannii. 鲍曼不动杆菌对干燥的反应。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209

Massimiliano Lucidi, Giulia Capecchi, Cinzia Spagnoli, Arianna Basile, Irene Artuso, Luca Persichetti, Elisa Fardelli, Giovanni Capellini, Daniela Visaggio, Francesco Imperi, Giordano Rampioni, Livia Leoni, Paolo Visca

{"title":"The response to desiccation in Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Massimiliano Lucidi, Giulia Capecchi, Cinzia Spagnoli, Arianna Basile, Irene Artuso, Luca Persichetti, Elisa Fardelli, Giovanni Capellini, Daniela Visaggio, Francesco Imperi, Giordano Rampioni, Livia Leoni, Paolo Visca","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2025.2490209","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term resistance to desiccation on abiotic surfaces is a key determinant of the adaptive success of Acinetobacter baumannii as a healthcare-associated bacterial pathogen. Here, the cellular and molecular mechanisms enabling A. baumannii to resist desiccation and persist on abiotic surfaces were investigated. Experiments were set up to mimic the A. baumannii response to air-drying that would occur when bacterial cells contaminate fomites in hospitals. Resistance to desiccation and transition to the \"viable but nonculturable\" (VBNC) state were determined in the laboratory-adapted strain ATCC 19606T and the epidemic strain ACICU. Culturability, membrane integrity, metabolic activity, virulence, and gene expression profile were compared between the two strains at different stages of desiccation. Upon desiccation, ATCC 19606T and ACICU cells lose culturability and membrane integrity, lower their metabolism, and enter the VBNC state. However, desiccated A. baumannii cells fully recover culturability and virulence in an insect infection model following rehydration in physiological buffers or human biological fluids. Transcriptome and chemical analyses of A. baumannii cells during desiccation unveiled the production of protective metabolites (L-cysteine and L-glutamate) and decreased energetic metabolism consequent to activation of the glyoxylate shunt (GS) pathway, as confirmed by reduced resuscitation efficiency of aceA mutants, lacking the key enzyme of the GS pathway. VBNC cell formation and extensive metabolic reprogramming provide a biological basis for the response of A. baumannii to desiccation, with implications on environmental control measures aimed at preventing the transmission of A. baumannii infection in hospitals.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2490209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin impairs oxygen transport without causing hemolysis. 金黄色葡萄球菌β-溶血素损害氧运输而不引起溶血。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208

Qi Li, Nan Chen, Chenghua Liu, Zhen Zhao, Minjun Huang, Jingjing Li, Guang Yang

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin impairs oxygen transport without causing hemolysis.","authors":"Qi Li, Nan Chen, Chenghua Liu, Zhen Zhao, Minjun Huang, Jingjing Li, Guang Yang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2025.2490208","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection can lead to the occurrence of hypoxia, however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. β-hemolysin (Hlb) induced hemolysis of red blood cells (RBCs) requires a temperature transition from \"hot\" to \"cold,\" a phenomenon not observed under physiological conditions. In this study, we discovered that RBCs treated with Hlb exhibited a high level of intracellular Ca2+ and underwent a shape transformation from biconcave discoid to spherical, which was contingent upon the degradation of sphingomyelin of the cell membrane and led to impaired oxygen transport. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels induced by Hlb was dependent on the activation of the ion channel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Furthermore, we found that Hlb-induced Ca2+ influx increased the cytoplasmic pH and subsequently attenuated the oxygen release from RBCs, which were also observed in both hlb transgenic mice and a murine model with S. aureus challenge. Our findings reveal a novel role for Hlb as sphingomyelinase in impairing RBC function under non-lytic conditions, shedding light on the mechanism behind hypoxia associated with S. aureus infection.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2490208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11988224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A lineage 1 branch porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets. 一种1系分支猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒候选活疫苗对仔猪hp样PRRSV具有广泛的交叉保护作用。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2451754

Chao Li, Jinhao Li, Bangjun Gong, Hu Xu, Zhenyang Guo, Lirun Xiang, Siyu Zhang, Qi Sun, Jing Zhao, Menglin Zhang, Yan-Dong Tang, Chaoliang Leng, Jianan Wu, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Guohui Zhou, Huairan Liu, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Hongliang Zhang

{"title":"A lineage 1 branch porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets.","authors":"Chao Li, Jinhao Li, Bangjun Gong, Hu Xu, Zhenyang Guo, Lirun Xiang, Siyu Zhang, Qi Sun, Jing Zhao, Menglin Zhang, Yan-Dong Tang, Chaoliang Leng, Jianan Wu, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Guohui Zhou, Huairan Liu, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Hongliang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451754","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451754","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) subtypes coinfect numerous pig farms in China, and commercial PRRSV vaccines offer limited cross-protection against heterologous strains. Our previous research confirmed that a PRRSV lineage 1 branch attenuated live vaccine (SD-R) provides cross-protection against HP-PRRSV, NADC30-like PRRSV and NADC34-like PRRSV. HP-PRRSV has undergone significant genetic variation following nearly two decades of evolution and has transformed into a subtype referred to as HP-like PRRSV, which also exhibits high pathogenicity. The effectiveness of immunising piglets with the SD-R strain to provide protection against infection with HP-like PRRSV remains uncertain. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of SD-R vaccine strains on DLF-challenged piglets. The results revealed that piglets challenged with DLF presented clinical symptoms such as continuous high fever and an obvious decrease in daily weight gain. Importantly, the piglets immunised with SD-R exhibited notable reductions in pathological damage, especially of decreases in DLF-induced thymic atrophy. Moreover, the serum of SD-R-immunised piglets strongly neutralised DLF, and the number of SD-R-vaccinated piglets demonstrating viraemia was greatly reduced. These results suggest that the PRRSV lineage 1 branch live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative pathogenicity of goose parvovirus across different epidemic lineages in ducklings and goslings. 鹅细小病毒不同流行谱系在雏鸭和雏鹅中的比较致病性。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904

Xiaolong Lu, Qianqian Xu, Miao Cai, Meiqi Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Yanhong Wang, Wenhao Yang, Kaituo Liu, Ruyi Gao, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaowen Liu

{"title":"Comparative pathogenicity of goose parvovirus across different epidemic lineages in ducklings and goslings.","authors":"Xiaolong Lu, Qianqian Xu, Miao Cai, Meiqi Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Yanhong Wang, Wenhao Yang, Kaituo Liu, Ruyi Gao, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaowen Liu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2497904","url":null,"abstract":"The endemic status of goose parvovirus (GPV) continues to devastate the poultry industry in China. Novel GPV (NGPV) and Mutated GPV (MGPV) represent the predominant lineages. However, the comparative pathogenicity between these viruses remains poorly understood. Herein, we selected representative NGPV and MGPV strains as model viruses to assess their pathogenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro cellular and embryo assays demonstrated that both NGPV and MGPV were capable of replicating in DEF and GEF cells, leading to pronounced cytopathic effects. However, these viruses exhibited distinct levels of intra-embryonic replication capabilities. Furthermore, we conducted in vivo infection experiments and systematically evaluated the pathogenic differences between NGPV and MGPV by examining various indicators, including growth, clinical signs, gross pathology, skeletal development, viral load, and humoral response in the infected animals. The results showed that both NGPV and MGPV inhibited weight gain in goslings and ducklings, with NGPV exerting a more significant suppressive impact. MGPV induced classical gosling plague pathology in goslings, while NGPV led to short beak and dwarfism syndrome in ducklings, notably disrupting skeletal development. Moreover, MGPV and NGPV exhibited diverse host tropisms, with MGPV being more pathogenic to goslings and NGPV to ducklings. Both viruses elicited specific antibody responses, with MGPV being more effective in goslings and NGPV in ducklings. Additionally, MGPV exhibited stronger humoral response compared to NGPV. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of prevalent GPV strains in waterfowl, offering a critical theoretical foundation for devising strategies to prevent GPV infections.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2497904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ponatinib and other clinically approved inhibitors of Src and Rho-A kinases abrogate dengue virus serotype 2- induced endothelial permeability. Ponatinib和其他临床批准的Src和Rho-A激酶抑制剂可消除血清2型登革热病毒诱导的内皮通透性。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2489751

Srishti Rajkumar Mishra, Ayan Modak, Mansi Awasthi, Archana Sobha, Easwaran Sreekumar

{"title":"Ponatinib and other clinically approved inhibitors of Src and Rho-A kinases abrogate dengue virus serotype 2- induced endothelial permeability.","authors":"Srishti Rajkumar Mishra, Ayan Modak, Mansi Awasthi, Archana Sobha, Easwaran Sreekumar","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2489751","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2489751","url":null,"abstract":"Severe dengue often presents as shock syndrome with enhanced vascular permeability and plasma leakage into tissue spaces. In vitro studies have documented the role of Src family kinases (SFKs) and RhoA-kinases (ROCK) in dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2)-induced endothelial permeability. Here, we show that the FDA-approved SFK inhibitors Bosutinib, Vandetanib and Ponatinib, as well as the ROCK inhibitors, Netarsudil and Ripasudil significantly inhibit DENV2-induced endothelial permeability. In cultured telomerase immortalized human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), treatment with these inhibitors reduced the phosphorylation of VE-Cadherin, Src and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) proteins that were upregulated during DENV2 infection. It also prevented the loss of VE-Cadherin from the inter-endothelial cell junctions induced by viral infection. In in-vivo studies using DENV2-infected AG129 IFN receptor-α/β/γ deficient mice, ponatinib, when administered 24 h post-infection onwards, demonstrated significant benefits in improving body weight, clinical outcomes, and survival rates. While all virus-infected, untreated mice died by day-10 post-infection, 80% of the ponatinib-treated mice survived, and approximately 60% were still alive at the end of the 15-day observation period. The treatment also significantly reduced disease severity factors such as vascular leakage, thrombocytopenia; mRNA transcript levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α; and restored liver function. Comparable effects were observed even when ponatinib treatment was initiated after symptom onset. The results highlight ponatinib as an effective therapeutic option in severe dengue; and also a similar potential for other FDA- approved SFK and ROCK inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2489751"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging West African Genotype Chikungunya Virus in Mosquito Virome. 蚊子病毒中的新兴西非基孔肯雅病毒基因型。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2444686

Pengpeng Xiao, Yujia Hao, Yuge Yuan, Wenzhou Ma, Yiquan Li, He Zhang, Nan Li

引用次数: 0

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