Virulence最新文献_第10页

Epigenetic modification of hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma. 乙型肝炎病毒感染和相关肝细胞癌的表观遗传修饰。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2421231

Yaqin Zhang, Weihua Cao, Shiyu Wang, Lu Zhang, Xinxin Li, Ziyu Zhang, Yao Xie, Minghui Li

{"title":"Epigenetic modification of hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Yaqin Zhang, Weihua Cao, Shiyu Wang, Lu Zhang, Xinxin Li, Ziyu Zhang, Yao Xie, Minghui Li","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2421231","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2421231","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a challenge to global public health. Persistent liver infection with HBV is associated with an increased risk of developing severe liver disease. The complex interaction between the virus and the host is the reason for the persistent presence of HBV and the risk of tumor development. Chronic liver inflammation, integration of viral genome with host genome, expression of HBx protein, and viral genotype are all key participants in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epigenetic regulation in HBV-associated HCC involves complex interactions of molecular mechanisms that control gene expression and function without altering the underlying DNA sequence. These epigenetic modifications can significantly affect the onset and progression of HCC. This review summarizes recent research on the epigenetic regulation of HBV persistent infection and HBV-HCC development, including DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA modification, non-coding RNA, etc. Enhanced knowledge of these mechanisms will offer fresh perspectives and potential targets for intervention tactics in HBV-HCC.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2421231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide: Mechanism in regulation of synthesis, virulence, and pathogenicity. 肺炎克雷伯菌荚膜多糖：合成、毒力和致病性调控机制。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2439509

Li Xu, Jiayang Li, Wenqi Wu, Xiuwen Wu, Jianan Ren

{"title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide: Mechanism in regulation of synthesis, virulence, and pathogenicity.","authors":"Li Xu, Jiayang Li, Wenqi Wu, Xiuwen Wu, Jianan Ren","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2439509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2439509","url":null,"abstract":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibits strong pathogenicity and can cause severe invasive infections but is historically recognized as antibiotic-susceptible. In recent years, the escalating global prevalence of antibiotic-resistant hypervirulent K. pneumoniae has raised substantial concerns and created an urgent demand for effective treatment options. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is one of the main virulence determinants contributing to the hypervirulent phenotype. The structure of CPS varies widely among strains, and both the structure and composition of CPS can influence the virulence of K. pneumoniae. CPS possesses various immune evasion mechanisms that promote the survival of K. pneumoniae, as well as its colonization and dissemination. Given the proven viability of therapies that target the capsule, improving our understanding of the CPS structure is critical to effectively directing treatment strategies. In this review, the structure and typing of CPS are addressed as well as genes related to synthesis and regulation, relationships with virulence, and pathogenic mechanisms. We aim to provide a reference for research on the pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2439509"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three transporters, including the novel Gai1 permease, drive amino acid uptake in Histoplasma yeasts. 包括新型 Gai1 渗透酶在内的三种转运体驱动组织胞浆酵母吸收氨基酸。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2438750

Stephanie C Ray, Qian Shen, Chad A Rappleye

{"title":"Three transporters, including the novel Gai1 permease, drive amino acid uptake in Histoplasma yeasts.","authors":"Stephanie C Ray, Qian Shen, Chad A Rappleye","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2438750","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2438750","url":null,"abstract":"The dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, which almost exclusively resides within host phagocytic cells during infection, must meet its nutritional needs by scavenging molecules from the phagosome environment. The requirement for gluconeogenesis, but not fatty acid catabolism, for intracellular growth, implicates amino acids as a likely intracellular nutrient source. Consequently, we investigated Histoplasma growth on amino acids. Growth assays demonstrated that Histoplasma yeasts readily utilize most amino acids as nitrogen sources but only efficiently catabolize glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, proline, isoleucine, and alanine as carbon sources. An amino acid permease-based conserved domain search identified 28 putative amino acid transporters within the Histoplasma genome. We characterized the substrate specificities of the major Histoplasma amino acid transporters using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae heterologous expression system and found that H. capsulatum Dip5, Gap3, and a newly described permease, Gai1, comprise most of Histoplasma's amino acid import capacity. Histoplasma yeasts deficient in these three transporters are impaired for growth on free amino acids but proliferate within macrophages and remain fully virulent during infection of mice, indicating that free amino acids are not the principal nutrient source within the phagosome to support Histoplasma proliferation during infection.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2438750"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nervous necrosis virus induced vacuolization is a Rab5- and actin-dependent process. 神经坏死病毒诱导的空泡化是一个依赖于 Rab5 和肌动蛋白的过程。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2301244

Jiaxin Liu, Liqun Wang, Xinyue Zhang, Shaowen Wang, Qiwei Qin

{"title":"Nervous necrosis virus induced vacuolization is a Rab5- and actin-dependent process.","authors":"Jiaxin Liu, Liqun Wang, Xinyue Zhang, Shaowen Wang, Qiwei Qin","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2023.2301244","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2023.2301244","url":null,"abstract":"Cytoplasmic vacuolization is commonly induced by bacteria and viruses, reflecting the complex interactions between pathogens and the host. However, their characteristics and formation remain unclear. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infects more than 100 global fish species, causing enormous economic losses. Vacuolization is a hallmark of NNV infection in host cells, but remains a mystery. In this study, we developed a simple aptamer labelling technique to identify red-spotted grouper NNV (RGNNV) particles in fixed and live cells to explore RGNNV-induced vacuolization. We observed that RGNNV-induced vacuolization was positively associated with the infection time and virus uptake. During infection, most RGNNV particles, as well as viral genes, colocalized with vacuoles, but not giant vacuoles > 3 μm in diameter. Although the capsid protein (CP) is the only structural protein of RGNNV, its overexpression did not induce vacuolization, suggesting that vacuole formation probably requires virus entry and replication. Given that small Rab proteins and the cytoskeleton are key factors in regulating cellular vesicles, we further investigated their roles in RGNNV-induced vacuolization. Using live cell imaging, Rab5, a marker of early endosomes, was continuously located in vacuoles bearing RGNNV during giant vacuole formation. Rab5 is required for vacuole formation and interacts with CP according to siRNA interference and Co-IP analysis. Furthermore, actin formed distinct rings around small vacuoles, while vacuoles were located near microtubules. Actin, but not microtubules, plays an important role in vacuole formation using chemical inhibitors. These results provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis and control of RGNNV infections.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2301244"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens. UvVelC 对水稻假烟粉虱病原体 Ustilaginoidea virens 的分生和致病性非常重要。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2301243

Mina Yu, Tianqiao Song, Junjie Yu, Huijuan Cao, Xiayan Pan, Zhongqiang Qi, Yan Du, Wende Liu, Yongfeng Liu

{"title":"UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens.","authors":"Mina Yu, Tianqiao Song, Junjie Yu, Huijuan Cao, Xiayan Pan, Zhongqiang Qi, Yan Du, Wende Liu, Yongfeng Liu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2023.2301243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2023.2301243","url":null,"abstract":"Rice false smut disease is one of the most significant rice diseases worldwide. Ustilaginoidea virens is the causative agent of this disease. Although several developmental and pathogenic genes have been identified and functionally analyzed, the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of U. virens remain elusive. The velvet family regulatory proteins are involved in fungal development, conidiation, and pathogenicity. In this study, we demonstrated the function of the VelC homolog UvVELC in U. virens. We identified the velvet family protein UvVELC and characterized its functions using a target gene deletion-strategy. Deletion of UvVELC resulted in conidiation failure and pathogenicity. The UvVELC expression levels during infection suggested that this gene might be involved in the early infection process. UvVELC is also important in resistance to abiotic stresses, the utilization efficiency of glucose, stachyose, raffinose, and other sugars, and the expression of transport-related genes. Moreover, UvVELC could physically interact with UvVEA in yeast, and UvVELC/UvVEA double-knockout mutants also failed in conidiation and pathogenicity. These results indicate that UvVELC play a critical role in the conidiation and pathogenicity in U. virens. Functional analysis indicated that UvVELC-mediated conidiation and nutrient acquisition from rice regulates the pathogenicity of U. virens. Understanding the function of the UvVELC homolog could provide a potential molecular target for controlling rice false smut disease.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2301243"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterising phagocytes and measuring phagocytosis from live Galleria mellonella larvae. 确定吞噬细胞的特征并测量活的灰飞虱幼虫的吞噬能力。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2313413

Jennie S Campbell, James C Pearce, Attila Bebes, Arnab Pradhan, Raif Yuecel, Alistair J P Brown, James G Wakefield

{"title":"Characterising phagocytes and measuring phagocytosis from live Galleria mellonella larvae.","authors":"Jennie S Campbell, James C Pearce, Attila Bebes, Arnab Pradhan, Raif Yuecel, Alistair J P Brown, James G Wakefield","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2313413","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2313413","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 20 years, the larva of the greater waxmoth, Galleria mellonella, has rapidly increased in popularity as an in vivo mammalian replacement model organism for the study of human pathogens. Experimental readouts of response to infection are most often limited to observing the melanization cascade and quantifying larval death and, whilst transcriptomic and proteomic approaches, and methods to determine microbial load are also used, a more comprehensive toolkit of profiling infection over time could transform the applicability of this model. As an invertebrate, Galleria harbour an innate immune system comprised of both humoral components and a repertoire of innate immune cells - termed haemocytes. Although information on subtypes of haemocytes exists, there are conflicting reports on their exact number and function. Flow cytometry has previously been used to assay Galleria haemocytes, but protocols include both centrifugation and fixation - physical methods which have the potential to affect haemocyte morphology prior to analysis. Here, we present a method for live haemocyte analysis by flow cytometry, revealing that Galleria haemocytes constitute only a single resolvable population, based on relative size or internal complexity. Using fluorescent zymosan particles, we extend our method to show that up to 80% of the Galleria haemocyte population display phagocytic capability. Finally, we demonstrate that the developed assay reliably replicates in vitro data, showing that cell wall β-1,3-glucan masking by Candida albicans subverts phagocytic responses. As such, our method provides a new tool with which to rapidly assess phagocytosis and understand live infection dynamics in Galleria.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2313413"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10877982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139736235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the editor (response to Vajro and colleagues). 致编辑的信（对 Vajro 及其同事的回应）。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2316714

Roger J Grand

引用次数: 0

Sneaky tactics: Ingenious immune evasion mechanisms of Bartonella. 鬼鬼祟祟的战术：巴顿氏菌巧妙的免疫逃避机制。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2322961

Yixuan Xi, Xinru Li, Lu Liu, Feichen Xiu, Xinchao Yi, Hongliang Chen, Xiaoxing You

{"title":"Sneaky tactics: Ingenious immune evasion mechanisms of Bartonella.","authors":"Yixuan Xi, Xinru Li, Lu Liu, Feichen Xiu, Xinchao Yi, Hongliang Chen, Xiaoxing You","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2322961","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2322961","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-negative Bartonella species are facultative intracellular bacteria that can survive in the harsh intracellular milieu of host cells. They have evolved strategies to evade detection and degradation by the host immune system, which ensures their proliferation in the host. Following infection, Bartonella alters the initial immunogenic surface-exposed proteins to evade immune recognition via antigen or phase variation. The diverse lipopolysaccharide structures of certain Bartonella species allow them to escape recognition by the host pattern recognition receptors. Additionally, the survival of mature erythrocytes and their resistance to lysosomal fusion further complicate the immune clearance of this species. Certain Bartonella species also evade immune attacks by producing biofilms and anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing endothelial cell apoptosis. Overall, these factors create a challenging landscape for the host immune system to rapidly and effectively eradicate the Bartonella species, thereby facilitating the persistence of Bartonella infections and creating a substantial obstacle for therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on the effects of three human-specific Bartonella species, particularly their mechanisms of host invasion and immune escape, to gain new perspectives in the development of effective diagnostic tools, prophylactic measures, and treatment options for Bartonella infections.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2322961"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Conserved Evolution in H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus Prior Mass Vaccination. 大规模疫苗接种前 H7N9 禽流感病毒保守演化的特征。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2395837

Dongchang He, Xiyue Wang, Huiguang Wu, Kairui Cai, Xiaoli Song, Xiaoquan Wang, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Chan Ding, Daxin Peng, Shuo Su, Min Gu, Xiufan Liu

{"title":"Characterization of Conserved Evolution in H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus Prior Mass Vaccination.","authors":"Dongchang He, Xiyue Wang, Huiguang Wu, Kairui Cai, Xiaoli Song, Xiaoquan Wang, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Chan Ding, Daxin Peng, Shuo Su, Min Gu, Xiufan Liu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2395837","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2395837","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination is crucial for the prevention and mitigation of avian influenza infections in China. The inactivated H7N9 vaccine, when administered to poultry, significantly lowers the risk of infection among both poultry and humans, while also markedly decreasing the prevalence of H7N9 detections. Highly pathogenic (HP) H7N9 viruses occasionally appear, whereas their low pathogenicity (LP) counterparts have been scarcely detected since 2018. However, these contributing factors remain poorly understood. We conducted an exploratory investigation of the mechanics via the application of comprehensive bioinformatic approaches. We delineated the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) H7N9 lineage into 5 clades (YRD-A to E). Our findings highlight the emergence and peak occurrence of the LP H7N9-containing YRD-E clade during the 5th epidemic wave in China's primary poultry farming areas. A more effective control of LP H7N9 through vaccination was observed compared to that of its HP H7N9 counterpart. YRD-E exhibited a tardy evolutionary trajectory, denoted by the conservation of its genetic and antigenic variation. Our analysis of YRD-E revealed only minimal amino acid substitutions along its phylogenetic tree and a few selective sweep mutations since 2016. In terms of epidemic fitness, the YRD-E was measured to be lower than that of the HP variants. Collectively, these findings underscore the conserved evolutionary patterns distinguishing the YRD-E. Given the conservation presented in its evolutionary patterns, the YRD-E LP H7N9 is hypothesized to be associated with a reduction following the mass vaccination in a relatively short period owing to its lower probability of antigenic variation that might affect vaccine efficiency.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"15 1","pages":"2395837"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates invasion of Salmonella enterica into human epithelial cells. 人类四跨蛋白 CD81 可促进肠炎沙门氏菌侵入人类上皮细胞。

IF 5.5 1区农林科学

Virulence Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2399792

Kris Gerard Alvarez, Lisa Goral, Abdulhadi Suwandi, Lisa Lasswitz, Francisco J Zapatero-Belinchón, Katrin Ehrhardt, Kumar Nagarathinam, Katrin Künnemann, Thomas Krey, Agnes Wiedemann, Gisa Gerold, Guntram A Grassl

{"title":"Human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates invasion of Salmonella enterica into human epithelial cells.","authors":"Kris Gerard Alvarez, Lisa Goral, Abdulhadi Suwandi, Lisa Lasswitz, Francisco J Zapatero-Belinchón, Katrin Ehrhardt, Kumar Nagarathinam, Katrin Künnemann, Thomas Krey, Agnes Wiedemann, Gisa Gerold, Guntram A Grassl","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2399792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2399792","url":null,"abstract":"Human CD81 and CD9 are members of the tetraspanin family of proteins characterized by a canonical structure of four transmembrane domains and two extracellular loop domains. Tetraspanins are known as molecular facilitators, which assemble and organize cell surface receptors and partner molecules forming clusters known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. They have been implicated to play various biological roles including an involvement in infections with microbial pathogens. Here, we demonstrate an important role of CD81 for the invasion of epithelial cells by Salmonella enterica. We show that the overexpression of CD81 in HepG2 cells enhances invasion of various typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars. Deletion of CD81 by CRISPR/Cas9 in intestinal epithelial cells (C2BBe1 and HT29-MTX-E12) reduces S. Typhimurium invasion. In addition, the effect of human CD81 is species-specific as only human but not rat CD81 facilitates Salmonella invasion. Finally, immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation assay revealed that both human tetraspanins CD81 and CD9 are recruited to the entry site of S. Typhimurium during invasion but not during adhesion to the host cell surface. Overall, we demonstrate that the human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates Salmonella invasion into epithelial host cells.","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2399792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11423668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0