Virulence最新文献

{"title":"Emergence of porcine-derived hybrid <i>Escherichia coli</i> with dual-disease manifestations in intestinal and extraintestinal niches.","authors":"Xinming Pan, Jianan Liu, Zhonghao Chen, Caiying Li, Rong Chen, Zhen Zhang, Song Liang, Zongfu Wu, Huochun Yao, Jiale Ma","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2525927","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2525927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i>, a significant zoonotic pathogen, continuously evolves to produce hybrid strains with diverse pathogenic characteristics, threatening public health. These hybrid strains are capable of causing multiple diseases across various tissues within a single host or among genetically diverse hosts. They have been reported to exhibit heightened virulence, enhanced infectiousness, and increased resistance to environmental clearance. Here, we identified a hybrid aEPEC/ExPEC isolate, PE164, from the bloody stool of a piglet with severe diarrhoea, which exhibited both intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic traits. Monitoring the emergence of PE164-like hybrids in porcine-derived <i>E. coli</i> is crucial for animal production and public health safety. Phylogenetic and virulence gene analyses of nearly 300 clinical isolates from diseased pigs revealed eight hybrid strains categorized into four types, with significant variations in pathogenicity confirmed through <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models. Notably, two O108 isolates, PE150 and PE164, were classified as highly virulent strains. A fused gene cluster involved in colanic acid and O108 antigen biosynthesis (CAO108) was identified as a key determinant of their extraintestinal pathogenicity, raising concerns about O-antigens linked to other exopolysaccharide components to generate new high virulence factors. Furthermore, the type III secretion system (T3SS), a classic pathway for pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> to optimally colonize the host gut, enhanced bacterial immune evasion and contributed to the extraintestinal pathogenicity of PE164. These findings underscore the prevalence of hybrid pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> strains in pigs, presenting new challenges for disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2525927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12233904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sulfur-related metabolic status of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> during infection reveals cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase as a promising antifungal target.","authors":"Reem Alharthi, Monica Sueiro-Olivares, Isabelle Storer, Hajer Bin Shuraym, Jennifer Scott, Reem Al-Shidhani, Rachael Fortune-Grant, Elaine Bignell, Lydia Tabernero, Michael Bromley, Can Zhao, Jorge Amich","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2449075","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2024.2449075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sulfur metabolism is an essential aspect of fungal physiology and pathogenicity. Fungal sulfur metabolism comprises anabolic and catabolic routes that are not well conserved in mammals, therefore is considered a promising source of prospective novel antifungal targets. To gain insight into <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> sulfur-related metabolism during infection, we used a NanoString custom nCounter-TagSet and compared the expression of 68 key metabolic genes in different murine models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, at 3 time-points, and under a variety of <i>in vitro</i> conditions. We identified a set of 15 genes that were consistently expressed at higher levels <i>in vivo</i> than <i>in vitro</i>, suggesting that they may be particularly relevant for intrapulmonary growth and thus constitute promising drug targets. Indeed, the role of 5 of the 15 genes has previously been empirically validated, supporting the likelihood that the remaining candidates are relevant. In addition, the analysis of gene expression dynamics at early (16 h), mid (24 h), and late (72 h) time-points uncovered potential disease initiation and progression factors. We further characterized one of the identified genes, encoding the cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase ShmB, and demonstrated that it is an essential gene of <i>A. fumigatus</i>, also required for virulence in a murine model of established pulmonary infection. We further showed that the structure of the ligand-binding pocket of the fungal enzyme differs significantly from its human counterpart, suggesting that specific inhibitors can be designed. Therefore, <i>in vivo</i> transcriptomics is a powerful tool for identifying genes crucial for fungal pathogenicity that may encode promising antifungal target candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2449075"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hog1-Nmd5 signaling pathway regulates asexual development, lipid metabolism, stress response, trap morphogenesis, and secondary metabolism of <i>Arthrobotrys oligospora</i>.","authors":"Na Zhao, Qianqian Liu, Meichen Zhu, Lirong Zhu, Jinkui Yang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2468294","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2468294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling pathway, comprising Ste11/Ssk2/Ssk22 (MAPKKK), Pbs2 (MAPKK), and Hog1 (MAPK), is an important and conserved pathway in fungi. However, the functions and downstream regulatory factors of Hog1 in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi remain poorly understood. Here, three proteins (AoNmd5, AoPyp1, and AoPtp) interacting with Hog1 were screened in a representative NT fungus <i>Arthrobotrys oligospora</i> using yeast screening library and verified using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay. The function of AoNmd5 was furtherly characterized by phenotypic comparison, staining technique, and multi-omics analyses. AoNmd5 was essential for vegetative growth, conidial development, trap morphogenesis, and nematode predation ability. In addition, AoNmd5 played crucial roles in endocytosis, lipid metabolism, reactive oxygen species, stress response, autophagy, and other metabolic processes. Furthermore, we constructed an AoNmd5 interaction network based on transcriptomic analysis and Y2H, revealing its significant role in the respiratory chain and redox processes as well as its interaction with the small GTPase Ran1, which mediates Hog1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. These findings suggest that the Hog1-Nmd5 signalling pathway has pleiotropic roles in <i>A. oligospora</i>. This study deepens our understanding of the HOG pathway and its interaction with importins in NT fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2468294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11845025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive activation of JAK-STAT signaling contributes to inflammation induced by acute <i>Vibrio</i> infection in shrimp.","authors":"Hongliang Zuo, Xiya Yang, Youxi Wang, Bangping Hu, Zhiming Zhu, Zhixun Guo, Shaoping Weng, Jianguo He, Xiaopeng Xu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451169","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uncontrolled immune responses resulting from overactivated cellular signaling pathways, leading to inflammation and tissue injury, are a major cause of death in pathogen-infected individuals. This phenomenon has been well studied in mammals but is less explored in invertebrates. Bacteria of the genus <i>Vibrio</i> are among the most harmful pathogens to humans and aquatic animals. In shrimp, <i>Vibrio</i> infection is generally characterized by the sudden onset of disease, with pathological signs of opaque and whitish muscle tissue. The current study shows that shrimp acutely infected with high dose of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> develop inflammation-like pathological changes, leading to rapid death. Excessive activation of JAK-STAT signaling, rather than the Dorsal and Relish pathways, results in overactivation of shrimp immunity and is a major cause of inflammation induced by acute <i>Vibrio</i> infection. Weakening JAK-STAT signaling attenuates the inflammatory response and reduces mortality caused by acute <i>Vibrio</i> infection in shrimp, whereas enhancing JAK-STAT signaling can convert a normal infection into an acute one, accelerating shrimp death. Therefore, this study indicates that, similar to that in mammals, the pathogenesis of infectious diseases in invertebrates is complicated by inflammatory responses triggered by dysregulated immune signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual roles of exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 in Zika virus infection.","authors":"Jiaxin Ling, Asifa Khan, Matthias Denkewitz, Marco Maccarana, Åke Lundkvist, Jin-Ping Li, Jinlin Li","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2458681","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2458681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many factors involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis and metabolism have been reported to play roles in viral infection. However, the detailed mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this study, we report that exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 (EXT1), the HS polymerase, is a critical regulatory factor for Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Knocking out EXT1 dramatically restricts ZIKV infection, which is not due to the inhibition of virus entry resulting from HS deficiency, but mediated by the downregulation of autophagy. Induction of autophagy promotes ZIKV infection, and attenuated autophagy is found in distinct EXT1 knockout (EXT1-KO) cell lines. Induction of autophagy by rapamycin can relieve the ZIKV production defect in EXT1-KO cells. While over-expressing EXT1 results in the reduction of ZIKV production by targeting the viral envelope (E) protein and non-structural protein NS3 in a proteasome-dependent degradation manner. The different roles of EXT1 in ZIKV infection are further confirmed by the data that knocking down EXT1 at the early stage of ZIKV infection represses viral infection, whereas the increase of ZIKV infection is observed when knocking down EXT1 at the late stage of viral infection. This study discovers previously unrecognized intricate roles of EXT1 in ZIKV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2458681"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum metabolomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients co-infection with echovirus.","authors":"Chunhua Wang, Tingyu Yu, Ying Xia, Feng Tao, Jiali Sun, Jianzhong Zhao, Xiaogang Mao, Mengjun Tang, Lijuan Yin, Yang Yang, Wenjie Tan, Liang Shen, Shuaijie Zhang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2497907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2025.2497907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, the Omicron variant of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to circulate globally. In our multiplex respiratory pathogen detection, we identified numerous instances of co-infection with Echovirus (ECHO) among Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, which exacerbated the clinical symptoms of these patients. Such co-infections are likely to impact the subsequent medical treatment. To date, there are no reports on the pathogenic mechanisms related to COVID-19 co-infected with ECHO. Therefore, this study employed the TM Widely-Targeted metabolomics approach to analyze the serum metabolomes of COVID-19 patients with single SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), COVID-19 patients co-infected with ECHO (COVID-19  +  ECHO), and healthy individuals (Control) recruited from routine physical examinations during the same period. Concurrent clinical laboratory tests were performed on the patients to reveal the differences in metabolomic characteristics between the COVID-19 patients and the COVID-19  +  ECHO patients, as well as to explore potential metabolic pathways that may exacerbate disease progression. Our findings indicate that both clinical examination indicators and the pathways enriched by differential metabolites confirm that patients with dual infection exhibit higher inflammatory and immune responses compared to those with single COVID-19 infections. This difference is likely reflected through abnormalities in the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway, with the metabolite Sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine playing a crucial role in this process. Finally, we established a diagnostic model based on logistic regression using five differential metabolites, which accurately differentiates between the dual infection population and the single COVID-19 infection population (AUC = 0.828).</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2497907"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of the gut commensal <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> in patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Zhi-Ming Dai, Meng-Lu Xu, Qing-Qing Zhang, Bo Zhu, Jun-Zhe Wu, Qi Liu, Ying Li, Hong-Bao Li","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505999","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is well established in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While studies have attempted to establish a link between the gut commensal <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (<i>A. muciniphila</i>) and COVID-19, the findings have been inconsistent and sometimes controversial. The intestinal microbial abundance information of COVID-19 patients was acquired and analysed from GMrepo database. Subsequently, <i>A. muciniphila's</i> metabolites, target-genes, and metabolite-target relationships was extracted from GutMGene database. Lastly, coronascape module in Metascape database is used for gene annotation and enrichment analysis in various host cells and tissues after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results indicated that, in comparison to healthy people, <i>A. muciniphila</i> was significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients. This bacterium was found to be associated with heightened expression of IL-10, TLR2, TLR4, CLGN, CLDN4, TJP2, and TJP3, while concurrently experiencing a reduction in the expression of IL-12A and IL-12B in humans. The regulatory genes of <i>A. muciniphila</i> primarily enhance responses to viruses and cytokines, positively regulate cell migration, and control epithelial cell proliferation. Our study revealed a significant increase in the gut commensal <i>A. muciniphila</i> in COVID-19 patients. This bacterium can modulate host immune responses and may also serve as a probiotic with antiviral properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2505999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mpox: Global epidemic situation and countermeasures.","authors":"Wenshuang Hou, Nan Wu, Yanzhi Liu, Yanjun Tang, Quan Quan, Yinghua Luo, Chenghao Jin","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2457958","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2457958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mpox, is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus and is primarily endemic to Africa. As countries gradually stop smallpox vaccination, resistance to the smallpox virus is declining, increasing the risk of infection with mpox and other viruses. On 14 August 2024, the World Health Organization announced that the spread of mpox constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Mpox's transmission routes and symptoms are complex and pose new challenges to global health. Several vaccines (such as ACAM2000, JYNNEOS, LC16m8, and genetically engineered vaccines) and antiviral drugs (such as tecovirimat, brincidofovir, cidofovir, and varicella immunoglobulin intravenous injection) have been developed and marketed to prevent and control this disease. This review aims to introduce the epidemic situation, epidemiological characteristics, physiological and pathological characteristics, and preventive measures for mpox in detail, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mpox viruses worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2457958"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11810083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence and pathogenicity of group B <i>Streptococcus</i>: Virulence factors and their roles in perinatal infection.","authors":"Christina J Megli, Sophia M Carlin, Elizabeth J Giacobe, Gideon H Hillebrand, Thomas A Hooven","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review summarizes key virulence factors associated with group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS), a significant pathogen particularly affecting pregnant women, fetuses, and infants. Beginning with an introduction to the historical transition of GBS from a zoonotic pathogen to a prominent cause of human infections, particularly in the perinatal period, the review describes major disease manifestations caused by GBS, including sepsis, meningitis, chorioamnionitis, pneumonia, and others, linking each to specific virulence mechanisms. A detailed exploration of the genetic basis for GBS pathogenicity follows, emphasizing the roles of capsules in pathogenesis and immune evasion. The paper also examines the molecular structures and functions of key GBS surface proteins, such as pili, serine-rich repeat proteins, and fibrinogen-binding proteins, which facilitate colonization and disease. Additionally, the review discusses the significance of environmental sensing and response systems, like the two-component systems, in adapting GBS to different host environments. We conclude by addressing current efforts in vaccine development, underscoring the need for effective prevention strategies against this pervasive pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Colombian strain of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> ribotype 002 induces a highly inflammatory response in a mouse infection model.","authors":"Juan David Puerta-Arias, Julián Camilo Arango, Carolina Rodríguez-Echeverri, Ariel Arteta, Ángel González","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2503432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2503432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> causes diarrhea associated with antibiotic use in hospitalized patients. Recent studies have identified that <i>C. difficile</i> ribotypes RT002, RT106, and RT591 as the most prevalent circulating strains in Colombia; thus, we aimed to assess the capability of these ribotypes to elicit an inflammatory response during in vivo infection. To achieve this, C57BL/6 mice were treated with cefoperazone (CPZ) for 5 d to develop <i>C. difficile</i> infection (CDI) model. Two days post-antibiotic treatment, the mice were orally inoculated with 1 × 10⁵ spores of <i>C. difficile</i> strains belonging to ribotypes RT002, RT106, RT591, and RT027 (ATCC strain, used as control). A group of animals was euthanized on day 7 post-infection to determine the bacterial load, total leukocyte number, and chemokines/cytokines levels <i>in situ</i>, and for histopathological analysis. RT002-infected groups showed significantly higher bacterial load, CD45+ leukocytes, and RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-1, G-CSF, and IL-2 levels compared to the other groups, suggesting a robust immune response. Furthermore, histopathological analysis of colonic tissue from the group infected with RT002 revealed the presence of an inflammatory response similar to the hypervirulent strain RT027. These results suggest that RT002 of <i>C. difficile</i>, one of the main circulating strains in Colombia, can induce a severe inflammatory response, potentially correlating with increased virulence and severity of these strains in CDI cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2503432"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}