Veterinary parasitology最新文献

{"title":"First report of acute, visceral, fatal toxoplasmosis in a naturally infected calf (Bos taurus).","authors":"Jitender P Dubey, Alan F Julian","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cattle are considered resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis and viable Toxoplasma gondii is rarely isolated from bovine tissues. Currently, there is no histologically confirmed case of clinical toxoplasmosis in cattle. Here, the first confirmed case of acute toxoplasmosis in cattle is reported. A calf from New Zealand died of acute toxoplasmosis in 2012. Severe lesions were found in the intestinal mesentery and mesenteric lymph nodes. The mesenteric lymph nodes were edematous, and necrosis affected the entire parenchyma including blood vessels, associated with enormous numbers of tachyzoites. Lesions in liver were inflammatory, affecting periportal areas and central veins. Some hepatocytes were engorged with tachyzoites, and tissue cysts were present in the parenchyma. Focal pneumonitis and nephritis were associated with tachyzoites. Tachyzoites were seen in bronchioles, in renal glomeruli and in renal tubules. Diagnosis was confirmed immunohistochemically using T. gondii specific antibodies, but not Neospora caninum -specific antibodies. The presence of numerous tissue cysts was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with bradyzoite-specific T. gondii antibodies (BAG1).</p>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"334 ","pages":"110373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Neospora caninum activity by niclosamide: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies.","authors":"Feixue Liu, Xin Li, Liuzhenxiu Yan, Xu Zhang, Jin Sun, Haitao Su, Lu Li, Sining Chen, Lanbi Gao, Pengtao Gong, Nan Zhang, Xichen Zhang, Jianhua Li, Xiaocen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neosporosis caused by Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is one of the main causes of bovine miscarriage, but there are currently no effective drugs or vaccines for treatment and prevention. Our previous works have found that NLRP3 inflammasome activation participated in controlling N. caninum proliferation and niclosamide has been regarded as an NLRP3 inflammasome inducer. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of niclosamide to N. caninum infection. Niclosamide-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was determined by LDH and ELISA measurement of IL-1β release as a marker for inflammasome activation in a model of N. caninum-infected macrophages. The in vitro antiparasitic effect of niclosamide was further explored in Vero cells by plaque assays, qPCR, and Giemsa staining. The in vivo effects were investigated in N. caninum-infected mice by measuring parasite burden, histopathology, and survival. Results showed that niclosamide partially enhanced macrophage-mediated clearance of N. caninum via the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and displayed direct antiparasitic activity. Plaque assays confirmed significant inhibition of N. caninum growth, and niclosamide effectively reduced cell invasion and intracellular proliferation compared to toltrazuril. In vivo, after niclosamide treatment, the body weight was regained, survival rate was increased, tissue damage was reduced, and parasite burden in tissues was significantly decreased. The numerous vacuole formations were observed in niclosamide-treated N. caninum tachyzoites by electron microscopy. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production of N. caninum tachyzoites were reduced considerably by niclosamide treatment. In conclusion, niclosamide showed strong potential as a therapeutic agent for N. caninum infection, offering a promising treatment option for neosporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"334 ","pages":"110362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of gastrointestinal helminths in naturally infected horses in Brazil","authors":"Ricardo Velludo Gomes de Soutello,&nbsp;Dayane Sarmento Romão,&nbsp;Tábata Alves do Carmo,&nbsp;Giordani Mascoli de Favare,&nbsp;Fernanda Calazans Pagnozzi,&nbsp;Isabela de Almeida Cipriano","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Helminthiasis in horse breeding stands out due to the damage caused by this infection, which is mainly controlled by anthelmintic drugs. Knowing the population dynamics of helminths in a given region is therefore essential, as environmental conditions have a major impact on the development of these parasites in pastures. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of seasonality on helminths. It was carried out between October and September of the years 2015/2016, 2018/2019 and 2021/2022. A total of 147 animals were used, 64 females and 83 males, all from the same herd. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectal ampulla of each animal every 28 days for 12 months of each cycle for coproparasitological analysis. Average air temperature, average relative humidity and rainfall were measured daily. The weather records were collected by the Agroclimatological Station in Castilho, SP (21o 05' 12.4\" S; 51o 35' 17.2\" W), located six kilometers from the experiment site. In the three study cycles, the EPG and rainfall averages showed significant differences between the times of year. In general, the month with the highest EPG in the different cycles was February, with 1626 in 2015/2016, 926.7 in 2018/2019 and 1885 in 2021/2022, and the month with the lowest average EPG was July, with 642 in 2015/2016, 610.5 in 2018/2019 and 804 in 2021/2022. Regarding climatic conditions, rainfall was more concentrated in two seasons, spring and summer, meaning that summer was the season with the highest rainfall in the three cycles evaluated. Autumn, followed by winter were the seasons with the lowest rainfall during the cycles studied. It can be concluded that climatic conditions have a direct influence on the population dynamics of helminths, and that during the drier and colder seasons, horses were less affected, so the suggestion for a possible strategic program would be to concentrate the administration of anthelmintics in spring and summer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the repellent effects of major essential oil components (Lamiaceae) on brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) using the larval repellent activity test","authors":"Samed Koc ,&nbsp;Aysegul Cengiz ,&nbsp;Burak Polat ,&nbsp;Sevval Kahraman Kokten ,&nbsp;Zeynep Nur Gultekin ,&nbsp;Cansu Caliskan ,&nbsp;Ozge Tufan-Cetin ,&nbsp;Huseyin Cetin","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to investigate the repellent effects of five major components of plant essential oils (carvacrol, geraniol, cineole, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene) on the brown dog tick, <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</em> sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae), using the newly developed Larval Repellent Activity Test (LRAT). The components were tested at concentrations of 0.1 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 2.5 %, and 5 %, with DEET as a positive control. Carvacrol and geraniol exhibited strong repellent effects, with carvacrol showing efficacy comparable to DEET (15 %) at certain concentrations and time points. In contrast, cineole, γ-terpinene, and α-pinene demonstrated moderate to low repellency. The results highlight the potential of using plant-derived components as safer alternatives to synthetic repellents, suggesting that these natural compounds could be developed into effective biocidal products for tick control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of autophagy in resistance to ivermectin in Haemonchus contortus","authors":"Nana Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Luo ,&nbsp;Junyan Li ,&nbsp;Xuezhang Zhou ,&nbsp;Jun Du ,&nbsp;Bintao Zhai ,&nbsp;Anben Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoye Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Haemonchus contortus</em> is a highly pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode that parasitizes the abomasum of cattle, sheep, and other ruminants. Long-term use of large quantities of ivermectin (IVM) to control <em>H. contortus</em> has resulted in the development of drug resistance. However, the mechanism of IVM resistance in <em>H. contortus</em> remains incompletely understood. Autophagy is involved in regulating drug resistance in some parasites. Previous omics sequencing of differentially expressed genes in drug-resistant strains of <em>H. contortus</em> revealed substantial enrichment of autophagy-related pathway. Therefore, autophagy was used as the entry point in this study to investigate its role in IVM resistance in <em>H. contortus</em>. Larval migration inhibition test, RT-qPCR, and transmission electron microscopy of IVM-susceptible and -resistant strains were performed. Results showed that the <em>H. contortus</em>-resistant strain had higher autophagy levels than the susceptible strain. After IVM treatment, the susceptible strain exhibited significant upregulation of the autophagy-related genes <em>lgg-1</em>, <em>lgg-2</em>, <em>bec-1</em>, <em>lc3</em>, and <em>atg-18</em> and significant downregulation of the autophagy substrate <em>sqst-1</em>, along with an increased number of autolysosomes. Additionally, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA reduced the resistance of the IVM-resistant <em>H. contortus</em> strain toward IVM after inhibiting autophagy, and the autophagy inducer urolithin A reduced the susceptibility of the IVM-susceptible <em>H. contortus</em> strain of IVM after activating its autophagy. These results demonstrate that IVM promotes autophagy in <em>H. contortus</em> and that autophagy is involved in regulating drug resistance in <em>H. contortus</em>. This study fills the knowledge gap regarding the role of autophagy in <em>H. contortus</em> drug resistance and provides a novel perspective on the study of drug resistance mechanisms in <em>H. contortus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of three fish drugs on tetrahymenosis in Fish using environmental DNA techniques","authors":"Wang Xiaosong ,&nbsp;Wang Jialu ,&nbsp;Wang Jiarui ,&nbsp;Wang Xiang ,&nbsp;Gao Xinran ,&nbsp;Wang Li ,&nbsp;Pan Xuming","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrahymenosis has resulted in significant economic losses for the ornamental fish farming industry in Harbin. While previous studies have investigated the outbreaks and histopathology of <em>Tetrahymena pyriformis</em> in fish, there is still a lack of study on the use of the application of fish drugs for prevention and treatment. This experiment aims to evaluate the efficacy of three fish drugs (copper, Nitrofural, Methylene Blue) in combating tetrahymenosis in goldfish. We utilized eDNA-based 16 s rDNA gene amplifiers sequencing and qPCR technologies to extract environmental samples and conducted high-throughput sequencing to assess the interaction between the diversity of <em>T. pyriformis</em> and other microorganisms in aquaculture water following the introduction of various fish medications. Our findings revealed that among the three fish drugs test, Nitrofural displayed the most promising effects, followed by Methylene Blue, while copper sulfate proved to be the least effective. Consequently, our study provides a treatment plan for addressing tetrahymenosis in goldfish and offers insights into the pathological changes in goldfish tissues following the onset of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcoptic mange in domestic rabbits: Pathogenesis, impact, and control strategies","authors":"Shanker K. Singh ,&nbsp;Mukesh K. Srivastava ,&nbsp;Rajkumar S. Yadav ,&nbsp;Jitendra S. Gandhar ,&nbsp;Sanju Kumari ,&nbsp;Pooja Dawar ,&nbsp;Krishna Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review article provides an in-depth examination of sarcoptic mange in domestic rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em>), a widespread and highly contagious dermatological condition caused by <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em> var. <em>cuniculi</em> mites. Sarcoptic mange poses significant health risks to rabbits and can lead to severe economic losses in commercial rabbit farming due to decreased productivity, inferior leather quality, and increased mortality rates. Clinical manifestations in rabbits include intense itching, skin lesions, hair loss, and secondary bacterial infections, which can be fatal if left untreated. The immune response in rabbits involves both innate and adaptive components, with keratinocytes playing a crucial role in initiating the response. The adaptive immune response is characterized by a mixed T helper cell profile, leading to inflammation and antibody production, which possibly play a key role in controlling mite infestations. Diagnosis of sarcoptic mange is typically based on clinical signs, supported by microscopic examination of skin scrapings and serological tests. The review emphasizes the risk of transmission to humans, especially those in close contact with infested rabbits, and explores the complex host-parasite immune interplay, detailing how <em>S. scabiei</em> evades the host's immune system through various mechanisms. The review also discusses advanced treatment approaches, focusing on the need for effective control measures to prevent the spread of mange in rabbit populations. The article underscores the importance of further research into the molecular mechanisms of the disease to develop targeted therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host, parasite, and microbiome interaction: Trichuris ovis and its effect on sheep gut microbiota","authors":"Abid Hussain Bhat ,&nbsp;Ishfaq Majeed Malik ,&nbsp;Hidayatullah Tak ,&nbsp;Bashir Ahmad Ganai ,&nbsp;Pooja Bharti","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sheep that are infected with gastrointestinal helminths experience a significant impact on their health and productivity. Among the helminths, nematodes like <em>Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum</em> spp., <em>Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Nematodirus battus, Trichostrongylus</em> spp. and <em>Teladorsagia circumcincta</em> are particularly pathogenic. Understanding the interactions among parasites, hosts, and their microbiomes is crucial in developing new approaches in the management of parasites. This study examines the bacterial profile of <em>Trichuris ovis,</em> a highly prevalent nematode among Kashmir Merino sheep, and the influence of nematode infection on the caecal microbiome of its host<em>.</em> Sheep were selected based on <em>T. ovis</em> infection status, and samples were collected from infected and non-infected caecum. The 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis revealed distinct microbial communities in <em>T. ovis,</em> infected caecum, and non-infected caecum. Proteobacteria dominated the <em>T. ovis</em> microbiome, while infected caecum was rich in Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota, and non-infected caecum had a higher proportion of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobiota. At the genus level, <em>T. ovis</em> was predominantly associated with <em>Escherichia/Shigella,</em> while infected caecum had higher proportions of <em>Bacteroides, Prevotella,</em> and <em>Treponema.</em> Non-infected caecum was characterized by <em>WCHB1–41, Prevotella,</em> and <em>Succiniclasticum</em> like genera. Alpha and beta diversity indicated significant differences in microbiome among the groups, with higher diversity observed in infected caecum. The study found <em>T. ovis</em> infection significantly alters the caecal microbiome of sheep, introducing potentially pathogenic bacteria and reducing beneficial ones. These findings underscore the complex relationship between host, parasite, and microbiome, highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to manage helminth infections and their broader ecological impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cryopreservation alternatives for Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae","authors":"Emanuela Sturiale ,&nbsp;Giovanni De Benedetto ,&nbsp;Ettore Napoli ,&nbsp;Jennifer Varet ,&nbsp;Alexandre Lemaire ,&nbsp;Francesco Origgi ,&nbsp;Gabriella Gaglio ,&nbsp;Emanuele Brianti","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine Heartworm Disease, caused by <em>Dirofilaria immitis</em>, primarily affects canids and felids. The earliest studies on cryopreservation were carried out at −70°C, achieving acceptable survival rates, however microfilariae (mf) showed alterations both in morphology and motility. Thereafter, liquid nitrogen was used representing an excellent tool for long-term preservation, albeit it is expensive and requires trained personnel. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to develop a protocol for cryopreservation of <em>D. immitis</em> mf at −80°C feasible to laboratories with limited specialized equipment. The cryoprotectant medium was composed by 5 % dimethyl sulfoxide, 20 % of newborn calf serum and 75 % of saline solution. At Study Day (SD) 0 whole blood from a <em>D. immitis</em> naturally infected dog was diluted with the medium at a ratio of 1:1 and stored at −80°C using a freezing container (Nalgene® Mr. Frosty® Cryo 1°C). On the SD1 and then once a month, one cryovial was thawed and examined for survival, motility, length and morphology of mf. On SD 1, the mf showed a survival rate of 99 %. By SD 120 the survival rate gradually decreased (up to 63 %) and a shift in motility patterns between the “medium” and “slow” classes, was observed. On SD 150, the survival rate exceeded 50 % and mf did not exhibit detectable morphological alterations; however, a reduction in length was observed. This study marks the first protocol where the −80°C freezer has been employed for cryopreservation of <em>D. immitis</em>, integrating the application of cryoprotectants and novel techniques for gradual temperature transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of egg yolk-derived antibodies for ELISA diagnostics of African Animal Trypanosomiasis","authors":"Traoré Ousmane ,&nbsp;Ilboudo Hamidou ,&nbsp;Tahita Marc Christian ,&nbsp;Belem Adrien Marie Gaston ,&nbsp;Bengaly Zakaria","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) represents a significant challenge to livestock development in Africa. Reliable and practical techniques are required for the disease's early detection and management. One of the most commonly used tests for this purpose is the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). This study sought to create a protocol for producing labelled antibodies from egg yolk. IgG was purified from serum from cattle that were hyperimmune to <em>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</em> before being used to immunise chickens. IgY antibodies were extracted from eggs, labelled with peroxidase, and tested for activity against commercial products. The results revealed that IgY levels were consistently higher than IgG levels, and the experimental antiserum had high diagnostic potential. We also calculated the ratios of commercial and individual egg yolk antisera. The findings allowed us to rank the diagnostic potential of the experimental antisera, with detection rates of 47.33 % for positive samples and 41.47 % for negative samples. Our results show that the experimental antiserum detects target antibodies with comparable accuracy and statistical significance (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the production method based on laying chickens proved to be simple, effective, and economical. This locally synthesised antiserum provides a viable alternative to expensive commercial options, paving the way for more widespread use in serodiagnosis. Further refinement and validation of this methodology could result in the development of a standardised protocol for large-scale production, offering a cost-effective and ethically sound alternative to antiserum production and facilitating wider adoption of ELISA diagnostics in resource-constrained settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 110354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}