Tobias Kämpfer , Diana S. Gliga , Miriam Wiesner , Marc Kaethner , Walter Basso , Caroline F. Frey , Britta Lundström-Stadelmann
{"title":"Cultivation of a wild type Taenia crassiceps isolate from a zoo-kept Lemur and its application in anthelmintic drug testing","authors":"Tobias Kämpfer , Diana S. Gliga , Miriam Wiesner , Marc Kaethner , Walter Basso , Caroline F. Frey , Britta Lundström-Stadelmann","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Taenia crassiceps</em>, a cestode cycling between canids and rodents, poses a significant threat to zoo-kept primates, which are highly susceptible to severe cysticercosis. Fenbendazole is commonly used for treatment, though efficacy varies with lesion severity and localization of the disease-causing metacestode. In this study, <em>T. crassiceps</em> metacestodes, molecularly confirmed, were obtained from skin lesions collected from a <em>Lemur catta</em> that died at Zoo Salzburg. Parasites were cultured and treated with standard anthelmintics – albendazole, fenbendazole, mebendazole, and praziquantel – at 40 μM to evaluate <em>in vitro</em> efficacy. Young (1-week) and old (17-week) cultures were used to asses drug efficacy by damage-marker release assay measuring the release of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) after 5 and 12 days. An automated assay measured motility reduction. Both drug testing methods were adapted from a well-established <em>in vitro</em> system for <em>Echinococcus</em>, enabling future cross-species comparisons. Praziquantel showed the most pronounced effect on parasite integrity after 12 days (29 % PGI release versus detergent control) and completely halted motility. Benzimidazoles were less effective when tested at same concentrations. Albendazole and mebendazole showed moderate PGI release (14 %), while fenbendazole showed none. Among benzimidazoles, mebendazole reduced motility most (49 %), followed by albendazole (56 %) and fenbendazole (87 %). We successfully adapted <em>in vitro</em> screening methods for <em>T. crassiceps</em> metacestodes using established techniques for <em>Echinococcus</em>. Although not aimed at identifying alternative treatments, findings suggest praziquantel – alone or with mebendazole – may offer more effective management for <em>T. crassiceps</em> in zoo primates than fenbendazole alone until better therapies become available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitor Klipel da Silva Bertolini , Danilo Ciccone Miguel , Diogo Ventura Lovato , Fernanda Ramos Gadelha
{"title":"Molecular detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in reservoir hosts by quantitative polymerase chain reaction - a systematic review","authors":"Vitor Klipel da Silva Bertolini , Danilo Ciccone Miguel , Diogo Ventura Lovato , Fernanda Ramos Gadelha","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal reservoirs contribute considerably to the dissemination of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em>, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, through various zoonotic routes. Consequently, the implementation of molecular methodologies for the identification and surveillance of these reservoir hosts is paramount. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has become a prominent tool due to its high sensitivity in detecting <em>T. cruzi</em> DNA. Herein, a systematic bibliographic search and review was conducted within the PubMed database, from 2013 to 2024, searching for the qPCR methods employed for <em>T. cruzi</em> detection in reservoir animals, focusing on methodology, inherent advantages and limitations. A considerable proportion of these studies were published in 2024, coinciding with a documented surge in Chagas disease cases in preceding years. The geographical distribution of these investigations predominantly featured endemic countries, although contributions from non-endemic regions, such as the United States and France, were also observed. Approximately half of the reviewed studies centered on domestic reservoirs, which play a pivotal role as sentinel species for assessing transmission risk. A substantial degree of heterogeneity was observed across the protocols, including thermal cycling parameters, DNA template and reagent concentrations. Satellite DNA was the most frequently employed target (84.6 %), attributed to its high specificity for <em>T. cruzi</em>. Blood samples and the TaqMan™ probe were predominantly used (57.7 and 53.8 %, respectively). While the inclusion of negative controls was generally observed, cross-reactivity testing was infrequent. The establishment of standardized qPCR protocols is imperative for the advancement of effective surveillance strategies targeting reservoir animals within the <em>T. cruzi</em> transmission cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phytochemical and acaricidal analysis of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and sage (Salvia officinalis) essentials oils against Rhipicephalus microplus ticks: An in vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Shivam Singh Mehrotra , Mukesh Shakya , Mamta Singh , R.K. Bagherwal , Anil Kumar Sharma , Hemant Kumar Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on earlier reports on acaricidal and repellent properties of <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> and <em>Salvia officinalis</em> plants against various ectoparasites, including tick species, the present study was carried out using these essential oils (EOs) to explore the possibility of developing a potent herbal anti-tick formulation to manage cattle tick <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em>. The EOs were evaluated against different life stages of ticks to provide a complete solution for tick control. The oils were also subjected to GC-MS analysis for their phytochemical constituents, which revealed a total of 125 compounds in lavender oil, predominantly consisting of alpha-pinene (10.24 %), D-limonene (7.50 %), 1,3,6-octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-(Z) (6.48 %) and linalool (6.43 %), while sage oil contained 92 compounds, with linalool and linalyl acetate with an area percentage of 11.03 % and 9.83 % being the most abundant. All the treated engorged ticks were killed at 5 and 10 % EOs of <em>L. angustifolia</em> and <em>S. officinalis</em> with a significant reduction in oviposition in different concentrations. Both EOs were also effective against 83–100 % larvae at a 5 % dose in larval immersion test. Additionally, the study also examined the hatching inhibition of <em>R. microplus</em> eggs treated with both essential oils and achieved 100 % hatching inhibition at 5 % concentration. The repellency index (RI) indicated effective repellent activity with <em>L. angustifolia</em> having 0.0 ± 0.0 and <em>S. officinalis</em> 0.6 ± 0.15 at RI 10 %. Hematological and biochemical parameters showed no significant changes and no skin irritation in topically treated animals, suggesting the oils' safety for livestock use. The in vivo efficacy of both EOs was over 80 % after 72 h under patch treatment of naturally infested cattle. This research highlights the potential of lavender and sage essential oils as viable alternatives to develop an eco-friendly solution for tick management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata Fogt-Wyrwas , Miroslawa Dabert , Wojciech Jarosz
{"title":"DNA barcoding shows that Toxocara cati infecting domestic and wild felids is a species complex","authors":"Renata Fogt-Wyrwas , Miroslawa Dabert , Wojciech Jarosz","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The insufficient attention paid to the importance of <em>Toxocara cati</em> in the epidemiology of toxocariasis has resulted in significant gaps in the understanding of the true zoonotic potential of this parasite. Therefore, further research is necessary to understand its biology and epidemiology. In this article, the hypothesis of possible speciation in the <em>T. cati</em> complex was tested using <em>cox1</em> sequences from <em>T. cati</em> individuals infecting domestic and wild felids from different parts of the world. Using DNA barcoding, a phylogenetic analysis was performed that grouped <em>T. cati</em> representatives into five clades according to the host species. The differences in <em>cox1</em> sequences between <em>T. cati</em> from domestic cats and <em>T. cati</em> from wild felids were substantial (6.68 %–10.84 %). The results of the Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning analysis supported the species status of the clades. However, the determination of the actual species diversity of the <em>T. cati</em> complex would necessitate an analysis of a wider range of wild hosts. A detailed understanding of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships between species in the <em>T. cati</em> complex will contribute to more accurate identification, diagnosis and better control of these parasites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-yao Mou , FU-wen Wang , YU-kun Kang , Ya-qing Li , YU-ying Yang , Tian-yuan Liu , Chu-zhao Lei , Qing Lin
{"title":"Whole-genome resequencing-based assessment of genomic diversity and selection signatures in Rhipicephalus microplus from Shaanxi, China","authors":"Yi-yao Mou , FU-wen Wang , YU-kun Kang , Ya-qing Li , YU-ying Yang , Tian-yuan Liu , Chu-zhao Lei , Qing Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ticks are critical vectors of numerous disease-causing microorganisms, posing significant risks to public health and the livestock industry. Research on the whole-genome sequence of ticks should continue to progress consistently, given the ongoing advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing of <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> (<em>R. microplus</em>) collected from free-range cattle in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, China. The newly generated data were combined with the existing whole-genome resequencing data of <em>R. microplus</em> from the National Genomics Data Center database (project ID: PRJCA002242) for further analysis. The purpose of this analysis was to assess genomic diversity and selection signatures in the Shaanxi group. The study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels) in the Shaanxi group. <em>R. microplus</em> samples from China were classified into three main branches, with variations in nucleotide diversity observed among populations from different regions. Upon examining the mitochondrial genetic diversity of ticks, subtle variations were observed compared to the phylogenetic tree created using the entire autosomal genome. These differences likely result from variations in the population structure and migration patterns between the paternal and maternal lineages of the tick populations. Additionally, genes associated with pesticide resistance, metal ion transport, and antioxidant activity have been identified in the Shaanxi group. These findings provide valuable insights into tick biology, enhance our understanding of their role in disease transmission, and inform the development of effective tick control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luna-Rodríguez Ana Laura , Mosqueda Juan , Castañeda-Ortiz Elizabeth Jacqueline , Amaro-Ibarra Mariana , Cárdenas-Flores Alma , De La Cruz González Valeria Guadalupe , Álvarez-Sánchez María Elizbeth , Camacho-Nuez Minerva
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Babesia bigemina enolase binds to plasminogen and contains conserved B-cell epitopes that induce neutralizing antibodies in cattle” [Vet. Parasitol. 337 (2025), VETPAR 110503]","authors":"Luna-Rodríguez Ana Laura , Mosqueda Juan , Castañeda-Ortiz Elizabeth Jacqueline , Amaro-Ibarra Mariana , Cárdenas-Flores Alma , De La Cruz González Valeria Guadalupe , Álvarez-Sánchez María Elizbeth , Camacho-Nuez Minerva","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 110513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical effectiveness of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. topical solution administrated pour on against ticks in sheep","authors":"Chuan Yu , Kexu Jin , Kaige Li , Zhihui Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dermatitis could be caused by parasites infested in skin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical acaricidal activity of a total alkaloid solution from <em>Sophora alopecuroides</em> L. The parasites in sheep were collected, photographed and initially identified, then the histology of parasites were examined through paraffin sections as ticks species. The tick-infested sheep were selected and three dosages of the solution diluted in water were designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness in topical solution pour on to compare with the control medication of Dimpylate solution. The results demonstrated that the insecticidal activity were obvious. The clinical effectiveness were comparable to the control medication of Dimpylate solution in different dosages in topical administration. The primary clinical symptoms of pruitus, hair removal, gnawed in turn back in sheep infestations were alleviated. The blood routine examinations and blood biochemical indicators were not influenced before administration and after observation. These results suggest that the topical solution in 32.5 mg/kg and 65 mg/kg can effectively control ticks infestation effectively in clinical. There was no evidence of toxicity during the treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffesson de Oliveira-Lima , Patricia Oliveira Maciel-Honda , Jayne Barros de Aguiar Silva , Sandro Estevan Moron
{"title":"Anthelmintic activity of garlic (Allium sativum) against the monogenean Dawestrema cycloancistrium and trichodinids, and its physiological effects on pirarucu (Arapaima gigas)","authors":"Jeffesson de Oliveira-Lima , Patricia Oliveira Maciel-Honda , Jayne Barros de Aguiar Silva , Sandro Estevan Moron","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of phytotherapeutics in aquaculture has been widely studied as an alternative for controlling ectoparasites in fish. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the anthelmintic activity of <em>Allium sativum</em> against the monogeneans <em>Dawestrema cycloancistrium</em> and trichodinids, as well as to evaluate the physiological effects of the treatment on the hematological, biochemical, and parasitological parameters of <em>Arapaima gigas</em>. Naturally parasitized juveniles of <em>A. gigas</em> were subjected to therapeutic baths for 96 h at different concentrations of <em>A. sativum</em> (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/L). The intensity of <em>D. cycloancistrium</em> in the gills was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in treated fish compared to the control, but no differences were observed between the tested concentrations. The efficacy of the baths against monogeneans was below 40 % for all treatments. For trichodinids, a significant increase in the number of dead parasites was observed in fish exposed to garlic (p < 0.05), with the highest efficacy at a concentration of 5.0 mg/L. No significant changes were detected in hematological parameters, but glucose (p < 0.02) and AST (p < 0.001) levels decreased at the highest tested concentrations (7.5 and 10 mg/L). No mortality or behavioral alterations were observed during the experiment. The results suggest that <em>A. sativum</em> may be a promising phytotherapeutic alternative for managing ectoparasites in fish farming, particularly at a concentration of 5.0 mg/L for 96 h of exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline F. Frey, Sasa Vasilev, Benjamin M. Rosenthal
{"title":"Special Issue: 16th International Conference on Trichinellosis","authors":"Caroline F. Frey, Sasa Vasilev, Benjamin M. Rosenthal","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110510","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 110510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Miguez , A. Moreno María , F.A. Fariña , M.I. Pasqualetti , M.M. Ribicich
{"title":"Understanding the global connection: Investigating the association between pork meat exports and trichinellosis","authors":"S. Miguez , A. Moreno María , F.A. Fariña , M.I. Pasqualetti , M.M. Ribicich","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of trichinellosis in a country can result in trade restrictions and product blockages due to safety concerns. This scenario is exemplified by the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, where fears of endemic diseases hindered trade between nations. Such endemic fears often lead to trade barriers and impede economic exchanges, underscoring the importance of effective prevention and control strategies to maintain market access and safeguard public health. The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between the volume of swine meat exports and reported trichinellosis cases. To this end, we combined data from economic and health sources, to create a unique database. An econometric approach based on the gravity model of international trade was developed to estimate the effects of trichinellosis outbreaks on exports of Argentina, Chile, Bulgaria and Romania, to their bilateral partners. The panel is balanced, and both time and country specific fixed effects were included in the estimation. Results suggest that trichinellosis outbreaks negatively impact trade between the origin and destination countries with a high statistical significance. Both being a member of the World Trade Organization and the presence of an active Free Trade Area between both countries, show a positive coefficient as expected. Given those findings, it is of upmost importance that a proper management of this type of disease is considered, due to the sensitivity consumers have to a possible infection from the products they consume, and how these impacts on the global trade decisions made both by companies as governments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 110509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}