Wellcome Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of early tranexamic acid treatment on fatigue in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: data from the CRASH-3 clinical trial.","authors":"Raoul Mansukhani, Antonio Belli, Amy Brenner, Rizwana Chaudhri, Lauren Frimley, Sabariah Faizah Jamaluddin, Rashid Jooma, Haleema Shakur-Still, Temitayo Shokunbi, Ian Roberts","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17421.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17421.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Each year world-wide about 65 million people sustain a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Fatigue is a common and distressing symptom after mTBI. We examine the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on fatigue in patients with mTBI using data from the CRASH-3 trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CRASH-3 trial randomised 9,202 patients with traumatic brain injury and no significant extracranial bleeding to receive TXA or placebo within 3 hours of injury. The primary outcome was death from head injury within 28 days of injury. The methods and results are presented elsewhere. Fatigue was recorded as \"None\", \"Moderate\" or \"Extreme.\" This study examines the effect of TXA on extreme fatigue in the 2,632 patients with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score≥13). Our analyses were not prespecified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study primary outcome, extreme fatigue, was reported for 10 (0.8%) of 1,328 patients receiving TXA and 19 (1.5%) of 1,288 patients receiving placebo (risk ratio [RR]=0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-1.09). Death within 28 days of injury was reported for 34 (2.6%) of 1,328 patients receiving TXA versus 47 (3.6%) of 1,288 patients receiving placebo (RR=0.70, 95% CI 0.45-1.08). Among patients allocated to TXA, 44 (3.3%) patients either died or reported extreme fatigue versus 66 (5.1%) patients among those allocated to placebo (RR=0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.94). This composite outcome is disproportionately influenced by deaths which account for 74% (81 from 110) of events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no evidence that tranexamic acid reduces fatigue in patients with mTBI. Given, 1) our analyses were not prespecified, 2) our outcome measure is not based on a validated fatigue severity scale, and 3) TBI patients can suffer from hospital-induced delirium, which hinders clinician assessment, these results need to be replicated in another study.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>ISRCTN (ISRCTN15088122, 19/07/2011), ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01402882, 26/07/2011), EudraCT (2011-003669-14, 25/07/2011), Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR20121000441277, 30/10/2012).</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the red-crested pochard, <i>Netta rufina</i> (Pallas, 1773).","authors":"Michelle F O'Brien, Rosa Lopez Colom","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23204.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23204.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from a female specimen of <i>Netta rufina</i> (the red-crested pochard; Chordata; Aves; Anseriformes; Anatidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,167.00 megabases. Most of the assembly (98.76%) is scaffolded into 42 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.62 kilobases in length.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A human model of Buruli ulcer: Provisional protocol for a <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i> controlled human infection study.","authors":"Stephen Muhi, Julia L Marshall, Daniel P O'Brien, Paul D R Johnson, Gayle Ross, Anand Ramakrishnan, Laura K Mackay, Marcel Doerflinger, James S McCarthy, Euzebiusz Jamrozik, Joshua Osowicki, Timothy P Stinear","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22719.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22719.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Critical knowledge gaps have impeded progress towards reducing the global burden of disease due to <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i>, the cause of the neglected tropical disease Buruli ulcer (BU). Development of a controlled human infection model of BU has been proposed as an experimental platform to explore host-pathogen interactions and evaluate tools for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. We have previously introduced the use case for a new human model and identified <i>M. ulcerans</i> JKD8049 as a suitable challenge strain. Here, we present a provisional protocol for an initial study, for transparent peer review during the earliest stages of protocol development. Following simultaneous scientific peer review and community/stakeholder consultation of this provisional protocol, we aim to present a refined protocol for institutional review board (IRB) evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of a hoverfly, <i>Cheilosia grossa</i> (Fallén, 1817).","authors":"Ryan Mitchell, Steven Falk, Katie J Woodcock","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23189.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23189.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Cheilosia grossa</i> (a hoverfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 362.40 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.81 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,196 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Health Information Systems in Africa: A Scoping Review of Data Generation, Utilization, and Community Empowerment.","authors":"Beatrice Kuvuna, Moriasi Nyanchoka, Fatuma Guleid, Michael Ogutu, Benjamin Tsofa, Jacinta Nzinga","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22780.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22780.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The community-based health information system (CBHIS) is a vital component of the community health system, as it assesses community-level healthcare service delivery and generates data for community health programme planning, monitoring, and evaluation. CBHIS promotes data-driven decision-making, by identifying priority interventions and programs, guiding resource allocation, and contributing to evidence-based policy development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aims to comprehensively examine the use of CBHIS in African countries, focusing on data generation, pathways, utilisation of CBHIS data, community accessibility to the data and use of the data to empower communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilised Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology. We searched eight databases: PubMed, EMBASE, HINARI, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and grey literature databases (Open Grey and OAIster). We synthesised findings using a thematic approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our review included 55 articles from 27 African countries, primarily in Eastern and Southern Africa, followed by West Africa. Most of the studies were either quantitative (42%) or qualitative (33%). Paper-based systems are primarily used for data collection in most countries, but some have adopted electronic/mobile-based systems or both. The data flow for CBHIS varies by country and the tools used for data collection. CBHIS data informs policies, resource allocation, staffing, community health dialogues, and commodity supplies for community health programmes. Community dialogue is the most common approach for community engagement, empowerment, and sharing of CBHIS data with communities. Community empowerment tends towards health promotion activities and health provider-led approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBHIS utilises both paper-based and electronic-based systems to collect and process data. Nevertheless, most countries rely on paper-based systems. Most of the CBHIS investments have focused on digitisation and enhancing data collection, process, and quality. However, there is a need to shift the emphasis towards enabling data utilisation at the community level and community empowerment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11403289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of a fungus weevil, <i>Pseudeuparius sepicola</i> (Fabricius, 1792).","authors":"Roger Booth","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23209.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23209.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Pseudeuparius sepicola</i> (Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Anthribidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 769.10 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.99%) is scaffolded into 12 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.55 kilobases in length.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11576567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of a picture-winged fly, <i>Melieria crassipennis</i> (Fabricius, 1794).","authors":"Ryan Mitchell","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23224.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23224.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual female picture-winged fly, <i>Melieria crassipennis</i> (tArthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Ulidiidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 414.00 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 4 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.77 kilobases in length.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of <i>Inga leiocalycina</i> Benth.","authors":"Rowan J Schley, R Toby Pennington, Alex D Twyford, Kyle G Dexter, Catherine Kidner, Todd P Michael","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23131.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23131.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual of <i>Inga leiocalycina</i> (Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fabales; Fabaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 948.00 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 13 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The assembled mitochondrial genome sequences have lengths of 1,019.42 and 98.74 kilobases, and the plastid genome assembly is 175.51 kb long. Gene annotation of the nuclear genome assembly on Ensembl identified 33,457 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of black elder, <i>Sambucus nigra</i> Linnaeus, 1753 (Adoxaceae).","authors":"Maarten J M Christenhusz, Ilia J Leitch","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23147.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23147.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual <i>Sambucus nigra</i> (the European elder; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Dipsacales; Adoxaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 11,813.70 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 724.11 kilobases and 158.06 kilobases, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the willow leaf beetle, <i>Lochmaea capreae</i> Linnaeus, 1758.","authors":"Maxwell V L Barclay, Danaë Vassiliades, Will Bayfield-Farrell, Joana Cristóvão, Keita Matsumoto, Michael Geiser","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22424.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22424.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual female <i>Lochmaea capreae</i> (the willow leaf beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). The genome sequence is 534.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 17 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.85 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,254 protein coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}