Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1111/vox.70024
Caroline Gesu Ngunyi, Michel Noubom, Jude Eteneneng Enoh, Patrick Njukeng, Claude T Tagny, Nkenganyi Gesu, Ebaiayuknso Etambe, Nsah Bongdze-Em Lilian, Apouamoun Mouppe Amadou, Leonard Fonkeng Sama, Emmanuel Asongalem
{"title":"Evaluation of bleed duration and adverse donor reactions during the blood donation process.","authors":"Caroline Gesu Ngunyi, Michel Noubom, Jude Eteneneng Enoh, Patrick Njukeng, Claude T Tagny, Nkenganyi Gesu, Ebaiayuknso Etambe, Nsah Bongdze-Em Lilian, Apouamoun Mouppe Amadou, Leonard Fonkeng Sama, Emmanuel Asongalem","doi":"10.1111/vox.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>There are great gaps regarding the demand and supply of blood and its derivatives in the blood transfusion field, which remains a major health issue. Adverse reactions experienced in the blood donation process have been reported to be one of the demotivating factors for donors returning. This study assessed bleed duration and the occurrence of adverse donor reactions (ADRs) in a blood bank setting in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A blood bank-based experimental study was conducted over 24 months at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Signs and symptoms of ADRs were recorded from whole blood donors who bled within and above 10 min, as well as from counselled and uncounselled donors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 35 of 252 (13.9%) cases presented undesirable effects from blood donation, with re-puncture-associated haematomas-occurring in 17 of 35 (5.95%)-recorded as the most common reaction. On evaluating bleed duration as a predisposing factor, 28.9% of whole blood donors with bleed duration exceeding 10 min experienced ADRs, while 10.6% of donors bled within 10 min (p = 0.0013). Whether a donor was counselled or not, it had no effect on the occurrence of ADR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified prolonged bleeding duration as a novel predisposing factor for ADRs. Re-puncture-associated haematoma, which is an erroneous phlebotomist act, is the possible cause. The acquisition of digital vein detector devices in blood banks to curb adverse donor events, will consequently scale up blood donation and reduce the gap in the blood supply.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"653-658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-05-04DOI: 10.1111/vox.70040
Andrea Stadlbauer, Patricia Fiedler, Simon Tuemmler, Michael Gruber, Christof Schmid, Timo F Seyfried
{"title":"Is surgical smoke a relevant contamination for salvaged autologous blood? A pilot study.","authors":"Andrea Stadlbauer, Patricia Fiedler, Simon Tuemmler, Michael Gruber, Christof Schmid, Timo F Seyfried","doi":"10.1111/vox.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Electrocautery-related surgical smoke removed together with the intraoperative blood collection through suction devices might be a potential hazard. The degree of contamination of the autologous blood despite cell recovery and its possible harm to the patient remain subjects of research.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two types of laboratory experiments and one clinical study were conducted. Initially, toluene was added to banked erythrocytes mixed with fresh frozen plasma. This reconstituted blood was processed using the autotransfusion device XTRA, and the elimination of toluene was calculated via gas chromatography (GC). In a second experiment, slices of pigskin were cut with electrocautery while dropping reconstituted blood onto the cauterization point. The resulting smoke and the blood were sucked into a cell salvage reservoir and washed with the XTRA. Samples from the reservoir and the product were analysed by GC. The average elimination rate was calculated. In a clinical study, blood samples were collected from the reservoir of the cell saver system during cardiac surgery and analysed likewise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The autotransfusion device removed 92% of toluene from the processed blood. Other unidentified contaminants showed an elimination rate above 97.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cell salvage devices significantly reduce the amount of contaminants in wound blood. Nevertheless, despite this highly effective detoxication, the remaining contaminants may still pose a potential risk to the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"694-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-05-12DOI: 10.1111/vox.70043
Carl Webber, Koson Tony Sriamporn, Sarah L Morley, Stephen Ritchie, Brooke M Hollingshead, Susan McAllister, Patricia Priest, Mark Fisher, Peter Saxton
{"title":"Why men who have sex with men in New Zealand intend to donate or not donate blood.","authors":"Carl Webber, Koson Tony Sriamporn, Sarah L Morley, Stephen Ritchie, Brooke M Hollingshead, Susan McAllister, Patricia Priest, Mark Fisher, Peter Saxton","doi":"10.1111/vox.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>As blood donor deferral policies in many countries transition from blanket time-based approaches towards individualized risk-based approaches, blood services need to understand whether and why men who have sex with men (MSM) intend to donate blood. Such knowledge can help blood services develop communication strategies with a population they have historically excluded. We examined why MSM in New Zealand (NZ) intended or not to donate blood.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a large and diverse NZ online human immunodeficiency virus behavioural surveillance survey (n = 3838), we asked participants: 'In your own words, please tell us why you intend to or don't intend to donate blood in the future?' We interpreted 2363 responses by MSM using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We constructed four themes to explain why MSM intend to donate blood: (1) helping out by donating blood, (2) donor ineligibility and hesitancy, (3) considerations of individual and collective risk and (4) discrimination, exclusion, frustration and resentment. Our study showed that whether or not MSM in NZ assessed blanket deferral policies as discriminatory, many MSM in NZ were altruistically and civically motivated to donate blood. Some MSM were reluctant to donate because they were resentful or mistrustful of the New Zealand Blood Service (NZBS) or believed that donating blood was inconsistent with their indigenous values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further research is required to enhance communication, improve MSM's understanding of the donation process and residual risks and accommodate the cultural values of prospective indigenous donors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"664-670"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-23DOI: 10.1111/vox.70035
Iqra Aroob, Muhammad Alamgir Khan, Nazish Saqlain, Tooba Fateen, Javeria Fatima, Munawar Ghous
{"title":"Factors associated with failure to disclose complete information regarding transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Lahore, Pakistan.","authors":"Iqra Aroob, Muhammad Alamgir Khan, Nazish Saqlain, Tooba Fateen, Javeria Fatima, Munawar Ghous","doi":"10.1111/vox.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aims to address the gap in understanding the factors associated with the non-disclosure of complete information by blood donors in Lahore, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study, conducted from February to April 2024. The study involved interviewing transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI)-positive blood donors from three large hospitals in Lahore. A validated questionnaire was used to analyse the factors associated with non-disclosure of information by these donors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25,155 blood donors were screened, of whom 1048 tested positive for TTIs. Among these, 218 participated in the study. The majority of them (92%) reported being unaware of their infection. Among those who were aware of their infection but still proceeded with blood donation, the primary reasons for the non-disclosure of infection status included a lack of seriousness, inadequate interviewing by blood bank staff and overcrowded interview areas. A significant proportion of TTI-positive donors reported uncertain sources of infection (47%), while others reported high-risk behaviours such as interaction with sex workers (34%) and blood transfusions at unauthorized clinics (7%). Future disclosure attitudes varied, with 22% preferring to keep their status confidential. Significant correlations were found between future non-disclosure and factors such as age, marital status, education, socio-economic status and number of blood donations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to improve donor screening and pre-donation interview protocols. The study suggests the potential use of adequate counselling and provision of appropriate interview sites to reduce non-compliant behaviour and ensure safe blood donation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"671-677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The need for routine detection of the Asian-type DEL allele in individuals with weak or partial D phenotypes from East and Southeast Asian populations.","authors":"Jizhi Wen, Xiaojie Ma, Shuangshuang Jia, Jingwang Chen, Ling Wei, Yanli Ji","doi":"10.1111/vox.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Among the rare serologically D-negative (D-) individuals in Asia, those carrying the Asian-type DEL allele (RHD*DEL1) can be safely managed as D+ individuals during transfusion and pregnancy. Recently, some individuals carrying RHD*DEL1, who exhibit serologically weak/partial D phenotypes rather than the serologically D- phenotype, have also been described. Whether anti-D alloimmunization can occur among them was explored.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was carried out in 143 Chinese pregnant women identified as serologically weak/partial D phenotypes. The RHD*DEL1 allele was detected using the high-resolution melting method. Then, RHD genotyping was determined mainly by Sanger sequencing. D epitope expression was detected with the anti-D panel (D-Screen) by haemagglutination and adsorption/elution tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RHD*DEL1 allele carriers were identified in 42.0% (60/143) of weak/partial D women. The single genotypes (mainly RHD*DEL1/01N.01 or RHD*DEL1/DEL1, n = 52) and the compound heterozygous genotypes (RHD*DEL1/weak or partial D allele, n = 8) were detected. A complete repertoire of D epitopes was shown in six weak/partial D women who simultaneously carried the RHD*DEL1 allele. Alloanti-D was not observed among any carriers (0/60). In the remaining 78 weak/partial D samples available but not carrying RHD*DEL1, 24 types of RHD variant alleles, including six novel alleles, were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The RHD*DEL1 allele occurred often in the Chinese individuals with weak/partial D phenotypes who showed a lack of anti-D alloimmunization. Routine Asian-type DEL genotyping is recommended both in serologically D- and weak D/partial D individuals with East and Southeast Asian ancestry to consider Asian-type DEL carriers as D+ individuals during transfusion and pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"714-722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1111/vox.70036
Tomislav Vuk, Christian Seidl, Lesley Bust, Yan Qiu, Nigar Ertuğrul Örüç
{"title":"Quality indicators for blood establishments and hospital blood banks: A report by the ISBT Quality Management Working Party.","authors":"Tomislav Vuk, Christian Seidl, Lesley Bust, Yan Qiu, Nigar Ertuğrul Örüç","doi":"10.1111/vox.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Quality monitoring is a key component of the quality management system, closely related to the concept of quality improvement. The implementation of quality indicators (QIs), as a valuable quality monitoring tool, contributes to the achievement of quality objectives.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>During 2010, discussions about the importance and use of QIs in transfusion medicine intensified, and 3 years later, the Quality Management Working Party (QM-WP) of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) published a set of QIs for blood establishments and hospital blood banks. QIs defined by ISBT QM-WP were further developed and revised considering data obtained from an international survey on QIs, targeted consultations with members of the ISBT QM-WP and individual expert opinions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several revisions of quality indicators proposed by ISBT QM-WP have been published. The latest version from 2023 is presented in this paper and contains data on 50 QIs. Each indicator is defined, its importance is explained and the numerator and denominator required for its calculation are defined. The indicators are divided into seven groups according to areas of activity in the transfusion chain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This paper underlines the importance of QIs and provides resources for their selection, implementation and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"734-745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1111/vox.70042
Kati Sulin, Mikko Arvas, Suvi Toivonen, Katri Haimila, Jaana Mättö, Inna Sareneva, Riina Jernman, Anna Parhamaa, Susanna Sainio
{"title":"Comparison of conventional tube technique with automated gel microcolumn assay for antenatal antibody monitoring.","authors":"Kati Sulin, Mikko Arvas, Suvi Toivonen, Katri Haimila, Jaana Mättö, Inna Sareneva, Riina Jernman, Anna Parhamaa, Susanna Sainio","doi":"10.1111/vox.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Timely identification of pregnancies at risk of severe haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) requires accurate and reproducible antibody titration. This study aimed to establish a critical titre for the gel microcolumn assay (GMA) corresponding to the critical titre of ≥16 for the conventional tube technique (CTT) and to evaluate GMA's suitability for routine antenatal antibody titration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Altogether, 147 antenatal plasma samples with clinically significant antibodies were studied, including eight pregnancies requiring intrauterine transfusions (IUTs). Twofold serial dilution titres with CTT were made in parallel with automated GMA. Single-dose red blood cells were used with a concentration of 3.5% for CTT and 0.8% for GMA. The critical titre for GMA was compared with CTT as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GMA titres were on average 2.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.72-3.05) dilutions higher than CTT titres. At a CTT titre of 16, the sensitivity and specificity of GMA titration were maximum (94%, 95% CI: 81-99 and 92%, 95% CI: 85-96, respectively) at a titre of 128, but one of the eight fetuses (12.5%) requiring IUTs would have been missed. At a GMA titre of ≥64, sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% CI: 100-100) and 77% (95% CI: 68-84) respectively, but the number of pregnancies requiring clinical monitoring more than doubled (2.5×).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A GMA titre ≥64 could be considered a safe critical value for high-risk assessment. Despite being a fully automated method benefiting the screening laboratory, the additional workload and costs caused by unnecessary monitoring at delivery hospitals were unacceptable.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"708-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1111/vox.70073
Rajat Bansal, Pandeep Kaur, Amit Kumar Chatterjee, Tarun Dhawan, Ritvik Viniak, Shubhra Sinha
{"title":"Stratified blood donation volumes: Lessons from Japan and India on mitigating vasovagal reactions in older female donors.","authors":"Rajat Bansal, Pandeep Kaur, Amit Kumar Chatterjee, Tarun Dhawan, Ritvik Viniak, Shubhra Sinha","doi":"10.1111/vox.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.70073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vox SanguinisPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1111/vox.70027
Mark D Kilby, James B Bussel, Kenneth J Moise
{"title":"The contemporary management of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.","authors":"Mark D Kilby, James B Bussel, Kenneth J Moise","doi":"10.1111/vox.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vox.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) remains an important cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The pathogenesis underlying this condition is maternal red cell alloimmunization, with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies produced in response to 'non-self', inherited paternal antigens expressed upon fetal erythrocytes. The IgG antibodies cross the placenta into the fetal circulation causing red cell destruction and fetal anaemia. Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) remains the cornerstone therapy with fetal survival rates up to 97%, but it is an invasive, technically challenging surgical procedure performed at specialized medical centres. The procedure-related risk of IUTs is increased at gestational age before 24 weeks. This has stimulated interest in maternal medical therapies that attenuate the risk of severe fetal anaemia, increase the gestational age of first IUTs, and reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity. This review summarizes current evidence for such treatments: intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and neonatal fragment crystallizable (Fc) receptor blockade for managing severe HDFN.</p>","PeriodicalId":23631,"journal":{"name":"Vox Sanguinis","volume":" ","pages":"644-652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}