Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Microplastics in Pond Water and Sediments in Vadodara City, India.","authors":"Shruti Chaudhari, Prakash Samnani","doi":"10.1002/wer.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics, an exceptional class of pollutants, have been found in several shapes and sizes in all segments of the environment. Their morphological characteristics may reveal their possible sources and potential behavior in the environment. This work reports microplastics pollution in water and sediments in ponds in terms of their amount and physical features of the isolated particles. After density separation, microscopes were used for studying the particles at 4× and 10× magnification. The morphology of the collected microplastics varied in shape, color, and weight. In the water samples, the average minimum and maximum amounts of microplastics by weight were 0.0212 and 0.0366 mg/L, respectively. In the sediment samples, the average minimum concentrations according to weight were 19.162 and 27.094 mg/kg. Four shape types-foams, fragments, fibers, and films-of varied colors were mostly observed in the isolated material. Field surveys of the sampling sites indicated that anthropogenic factors may be the major contributors. This study provides region-specific baseline data and is among the first to evaluate microplastic contamination in a freshwater pond in Vadodara. The findings can aid in the development of regional pollution reduction plans and enhance environmental monitoring initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ionic Surfactants on Microfiltration of Enveloped and Nonenveloped Viruses.","authors":"Makayla Loey, Damien Redder, Emily L Marron, Jennifer Weidhaas","doi":"10.1002/wer.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viruses in wastewater effluent pose significant public health risks, and achieving high log reduction values is critical for wastewater reuse applications. The influence of ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and benzyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride (BAC) in wastewater on virus removal and infectivity after microfiltration (200 nm cutoff) was investigated. Microfiltration log rejection values (LRVs) for infective human adenovirus (ADV, nonenveloped, 90-nm diameter) and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV, enveloped, 80- to 120-nm diameter) increased when surfactants were present in wastewater from 4.3 to 6.8-7.1 and from 4.8 to 4.9-5.1 LRV for ADV and MHV, respectively. Lower LRVs were found when using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) than by TCID₅₀/mL infectives for both viruses, specifically from 1.4 to 3.4 for ADV and MHV, respectively. SEM-EDS confirmed aggregated virus and surfactant sorption on the membrane. This work advanced understanding of microfiltration virus log reduction influenced by surfactants and is applicable to wastewater reuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent Binding of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate as C₁₂ Hydrocarbon Chain to Silica Coated Magnetite Under Microwave Irradiation for Removal and Enrichment of Brilliant Green Dye Spiked Environmental Water Samples.","authors":"Ezzat M Soliman, Eman Ali Fouly, Tamer H A Hasanin","doi":"10.1002/wer.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is conventionally bonded to positively charged bar adsorbents through electrostatic interaction. This mode of bonding greatly hinders their use for removing toxic species from sea water and highly saline waste water matrices, where the high concentrations of NaCl solutions strongly affect their stability. In this respect, the success of covalent binding of SDS to the adsorbent surface via a facile procedure is expected to support its stability and maximize its application. Accordingly, this manuscript enables the synthesis of a novel C₁₂ chemically bonded to silica coated magnetite nano composite (Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂@C₁₂), through direct solid-solid interaction between a pre-prepared silica coated magnetite Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂ NPs and SDS under a benign procedure adapting solvent free microwave irradiation conditions (700 W for 10 min). Different instrumental tools were used to characterize and confirm the success of the novel nano composite synthetic mode, including SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR (showing no vibration bands due to sulfate group), EDX (indicating the absence of sulfur content), and TGA (indicating starting decomposition higher than SDS melting point). The novel nanocomposite achieved its highest performance in removing brilliant green (BG) dye (98.33%) in batch mode, under optimized conditions of pH 6.3, contact time of 5 min, nanocomposite dosage of 70 mg and initial dye concentration of 30 ppm. It also showed a remarkable pH-independent profile across the investigated range (3.0-10.0), outperforming other adsorbents synthesized using multiple steps. Additionally, it exhibited resistance to salinity effects, with BG recovery values ranging from 96.75% to 96.25% in the 0.0- to 1.0-M NaCl range. This stability extended to seawater samples (T.D.S 31040 ppm), spiked with 25 and 50 ppm BG dye, with recovery values of 98.1% and 96.5%, respectively. The experimental data fit well with the Langmuir sorption isotherm (adsorption capacity of 158.7 mg/g) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, in addition to a high partition coefficient value of other 317.4 L/g. On the other hand, the Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂@C₁₂ nano adsorbent was successfully regenerated in situ for six consecutive cycles using an external magnet. Furthermore, a calibration curve for BG dye enrichment was established under optimized conditions, showing a linear dynamic range of 10-340 μg/L with a high coefficient of determination of 0.9974. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 5.5 and 18.3 μg/L, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144837951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of reactive dye from textile wastewater using durian seed activated carbon.","authors":"Faisal Allafi, Mohd Omar Ab Kadir, Japareng Lalung","doi":"10.1002/wer.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive dyes are recognized as problematic due to their high color content and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater. The discharge of reactive dye wastewater leads to organic pollution in surrounding water bodies, negatively affecting the aquatic ecosystem. Due to the low biodegradability of reactive dyes, wastewater treatment becomes challenging, posing difficulties for treatment plant operators. Various techniques have been employed to remove reactive dyes from wastewater, with adsorption being one of the most effective methods. In this study, durian seeds were used to produce activated carbon for the removal of Cibacron Red FN-R reactive dye from an aqueous solution. The produced durian seed activated carbon (DSAC) underwent physical and chemical characterization analyses. The adsorption experiment was conducted to determine the adsorption efficiency of DSAC in terms of color and COD reduction percentage. Color removal decreased from 58.94% to 0.96% as the adsorbate concentration increased (50-250 mg/L). COD removal initially increased from 21.99% to 53.91% at 50-100 mg/L and then declined to 35.29% at 200 mg/L, followed by a slight increase (4.17%) at 250 mg/L. A preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the effect of selected operating variables (pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and contact time) on the adsorption process. The adsorption efficiency improved with an increasing adsorbent dosage, with the optimum dosage of 1.0 g achieving removal efficiencies of 41.33% and 56.65% for color and COD, respectively. However, a negative effect on color and COD removal was observed when the initial solution pH increased from 3 to 9. The adsorption process was more effective at lower initial dye concentrations. Furthermore, the adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir equilibrium model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with R² values of 0.9567 and 0.9611, respectively. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Sustainable Adsorbent: Durian seed-based activated carbon (DSAC) offers an eco-friendly solution for textile wastewater treatment by utilizing agricultural waste. Effective Pollutant Removal: DSAC achieved removal efficiencies of 41.3% for color and 56.7% for COD under optimal conditions. Optimal Conditions: Best performance observed at 1.0 g adsorbent dosage, low pH, and lower initial dye concentrations. Model Reliability: Adsorption behavior fits well with the Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo-Second-Order kinetic models, aiding system optimization. Practical Consideration: High pH reduces efficiency, highlighting the need for pH control in real-world applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effective Magnetic LDHs for Simultaneous Sludge Dewatering and Phosphorus Recovery: A Scalable Approach for Municipal Wastewater Plants.","authors":"Weiliang Cao, Hongwei Song, Manlin Li, Zhongyi Yang","doi":"10.1002/wer.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphorus recovery from municipal sludge is essential to reduce environmental pollution and address the global phosphorus crisis. This study introduces a magnetic Fe/Mg/Zn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite for simultaneous phosphorus recovery and sludge dewatering from municipal wastewater. The synthesized composite exhibits a high phosphorus adsorption capacity of 25.79 mg/g, a reduction in sludge-specific resistance by 77.43%, and a 24.95% decrease in moisture content. The phosphorus adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm, and chemisorption mainly drives phosphorus adsorption. The characterization results showed that precipitation, complexation, and ligand exchange were the main adsorption mechanisms of phosphorus. The material maintains excellent performance across a wide pH range (3-11), with over 90% phosphorus removal efficiency after 5 cycles of adsorption-desorption. These results demonstrate the material's potential for sustainable and cost-effective phosphorus recovery and sludge management in wastewater treatment plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Evaluation of Nonsterile Petroleum Oil-Contaminated Wastewater Bioremediation Using Immobilized Bacillus licheniformis on Bentonite Mineral.","authors":"Mutia Dewi Yuniati, Veny Rachmawati, Ratih Nurjayati, Asep Mulyono, Eki Naidania Dida, Miming Kuncoro","doi":"10.1002/wer.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the preliminary application of Bacillus licheniformis immobilized on bentonite for the bioremediation of nonsterile petroleum oil-contaminated wastewater (POCW), simulating real environmental conditions. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated based on the reduction of key pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), oil and grease (OG), phenol, potentially toxic elements (iron, lead, nickel, and total chromium), color, and turbidity with reference to the Indonesian National Environmental Quality Standards for industrial effluents (NEQS No. 5/2014). The immobilized bacteria demonstrated high removal efficiencies for OG (up to 98%), turbidity (70%-91%), lead (90%-92%), iron (79%-84%), and COD (79%-87%). Moderate reductions were observed for BOD (38%-79%), phenol (20%-79%), TSS (79%-91%), color (37%-47%), and chromium (52%-90%), while nickel (13%-28%) and TDS (11%-15%) showed relatively lower removal efficiencies. These findings highlight the potential of Bacillus licheniformis, supported by the adsorptive capacity of bentonite, to substantially reduce multiple pollutants in POCW, although further optimization is recommended to enhance the removal of certain contaminants to meet stringent environmental thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus Recovery From Wastewater Through Anaerobic Digestion Under Sub-Supersaturation Conditions.","authors":"Huijuan Sun, Yiyang Yuan, Lei Zhang, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1002/wer.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unlike conventional phosphorus (P) recovery methods that rely on high P concentrations and/or chemical additives, this study presents a cost-effective approach for inducing the precipitation of phosphate salts by utilizing carefully selected feedstocks and optimal operating conditions. To test the feasibility of this approach, three 1.0-L upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were operated, fed with three types of synthetic feeds, consisting of glucose + sodium acetate (NaAc), glucose + bovine serum albumin (BSA), and glucose + urea as the organic matter sources. All the organic compounds, including NaAc, BSA, and urea, which underwent hydrolysis to release hydroxyl ions, successfully created a favorable environment for the precipitation of P products like struvite and calcium phosphate under sub-supersaturation conditions. This study offers new perspectives on recovering P from waste streams with relatively low P concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Resource Recovery Facilities Meet Low-Level Mercury Limits by Controlling Effluent Suspended Solids.","authors":"Geordee Spilkia, Scott Kyser, Adrian T Hanson, Kelsey Hogan, Nathan W Johnson","doi":"10.1002/wer.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hundreds of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) in North America have received low-level mercury effluent limits (< 2 ng/L). Although mercury binding to dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate matter in natural environments is well understood, guidance about low-level mercury removal at WRRFs is lacking. We collected samples of filter-passing and particulate mercury at 16 WRRFs with a variety of secondary and tertiary particle-control technologies. Particulate mercury in WRRF effluent was covariate with total suspended solids (TSS) at concentrations ranging from < 0.2 to 15 ng/L. Filter-passing (< 0.45 μm) mercury in WRRF effluent was mostly bound to DOM and was typically between 0.3 and 0.8 ng/L. Thermodynamic modeling and sulfur quantities in wastewater TSS and DOM point to a consistent quantity of filter-passing Hg that cannot be removed by typical wastewater technologies and necessitates effective particulate removal to meet low-level mercury limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of Organic Pollutants From Wastewater Using Biochar: A Mechanistic Study on Competitive Adsorption Behavior.","authors":"Griffin Loebsack, Ken K-C Yeung, Franco Berruti, Naomi B Klinghoffer","doi":"10.1002/wer.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the adsorption of methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), and acetaminophen (ACT) using biochars produced from Douglas fir and Miscanthus at different temperatures and with different post-pyrolysis treatments that added surface functional groups. Compounds were adsorbed separately and in mixtures to examine the competitive nature of the adsorption processes. MO is known to interact with MB and ACT, whereas MB and ACT are not likely to interact due to both having electron-donating groups. When comparing the biochar adsorption capacities for these compounds when alone and mixed, biochars with both hydroxyl and carbonyl surface functional groups had higher adsorption capacities for the tested compounds when they were in mixed solutions. Biochars with only hydroxyl groups exhibited competing adsorption mechanisms and poorer adsorption capacities of aromatic compounds in complex solutions. This provides an understanding of how competing adsorption mechanisms of aromatic compounds by biochars vary depending on the dominant adsorption mechanisms of the biochar, which will allow for more effective real-world applications for water purification in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaerobic Digestion Performance and Microbial Community Structures in a Pilot-Scale Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Treating Distillery Wastewater.","authors":"Yingdi Zhang, Huijuan Sun, Qi Huang, Lei Zhang, Xin Zou, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1002/wer.70153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising technology for treating high-strength industrial wastewater while recovering biogas as a renewable energy source. In this study, a pilot-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, with a working volume of 225 L, was operated for 130 days to treat raw distillery wastewater. Three different types of distillery wastewater, including centrate, spent caustic, and other low-strength process wastewater generated during operations (e.g., condensation water), were mixed to balance extreme pH levels and create conditions more suitable for AD. The UASB reactor demonstrated stable performance at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 10.0 kg COD/m³/day, achieving a COD removal efficiency of 86%. Average methane yield was more than 71% throughout the operation. Microbial community analysis revealed a significant increase in key syntrophic bacteria and methanogens, with Methanobacterium accounting for 55.8% of the archaeal population. Network and Mantel analyses indicated that syntrophic partnerships play a crucial role in enhancing AD of distillery wastewater under high OLR conditions. Overall, the UASB reactor exhibited high process stability, highlighting its potential for large-scale application in distillery wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12312668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}