Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Variability of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Major Rivers of New Mexico, USA.","authors":"Kimberly R Beisner","doi":"10.1002/wer.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in the environment, but sources that contribute to temporal and spatial variability in surface waters are not well defined. Many states are assessing PFAS in water resources, and insight from these statewide assessments can help guide future sampling efforts. A statewide assessment of 28 PFAS was conducted in New Mexico starting in 2020, and subsequent follow-up sampling has improved understanding of PFAS occurrence and sources throughout the state. PFAS were present in all major rivers of New Mexico (Rio Grande, Pecos River, San Juan River, Animas River, Canadian River, Gila River, Rio Chama, and Rio Puerco) with 13 of 28 analyzed PFAS (PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFBs, PFPeS, PFHxS, PFOS, PFOSA, 6:2 FTS) detected from at least one sample for samples collected between 2020 and 2024. This study found high temporal and spatial variability-PFAS concentrations ranged from below the laboratory detection level to 156 ng/L, with concentrations generally increasing downstream on the major rivers. PFBS was the most frequently detected and highest concentration PFAS in this study, ranging from 1 to 93 ng/L, followed by PFBA and PFPeA, ranging from 0.9 to 32 ng/L. The average of the sum of PFAS detected increased by an order of magnitude from 4 to 46 ng/L in the Rio Grande as it flows through Albuquerque, the largest urban area in New Mexico. PFAS concentration increased by 58% after a stormflow pulse flushed over Albuquerque and contributed water to the Rio Grande. The contribution of wastewater to surface water resources varied diurnally as well as seasonally. Sampling multiple locations on major rivers across multiple seasons, taking into account known anthropogenic inputs, would enhance characterization of temporal and spatial variability of PFAS concentrations. Increased sampling frequency at sites with wastewater contribution and focused investigations in areas with higher than expected PFAS could increase understanding of potential sources and variability of source contributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 7","pages":"e70129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus as Nutrients From Wastewater Using Sorbents and Its Potential Reutilization as a Soil Conditioner: A Review.","authors":"Jun Jie Lim, Sumathi Sethupathi, Nor Ismaliza Mohd Ismail, Yamuna Munusamy","doi":"10.1002/wer.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wastewater treatment is crucial to ensure environmental sustainability and the availability of clean water for human consumption. It is of utmost importance that the valuable nutrients in the wastewater are recovered. Recently, many researchers have made interesting discoveries using green waste or minerals to treat wastewater and recover nutrients from wastewater. Nutrients which encourage eutrophication of water resources, such as nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and phosphorus, are the common ones being explored. The nutrients are adsorbed on sorbents, which are recycled from waste and biodegradable material. Upon adsorption of nutrients, the spent sorbents are categorized as green and eco-friendly material which can be further utilized as a soil conditioner. Thus, this review discussed different types of sorbents and its respective efficacy towards nutrient adsorption and feasibility to be recycled as soil conditioner. Factors affecting the performance of the sorbents were detailed and comparisons were made for the best application as soil conditioner. Suggestion was outlined for future focus areas in this work and potential future application in real case scenarios. This review would be beneficial to researchers to achieve a cradle-to-cradle concept for wastewater nutrient recovery. SUMMARY: Recovery of phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater using sustainable adsorbents Adsorption efficiency of adsorbents aligning with cradle-to-cradle concept Insights into the advantages and limitations of reported adsorbents Spent adsorbents as soil conditioners, enhancing soil fertility, structure, and promoting sustainable nutrient recycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospun MIL-101(Fe)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Composites for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals From Wastewater.","authors":"Timoth Mkilima, Kulzipa Dakieva, Gulmira Adilbektegi, Yelena Tatina, Mansur Khussainov, Salauat Kassymkhanov, Kanagat Tolubayeva, Bitmanov Yertas Zhantasuly, Bibigul Daukenova","doi":"10.1002/wer.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal contamination in industrial wastewater poses a critical environmental challenge due to the toxicity and persistence of metals such as Pb(II) and Cd(II). This study evaluated the performance of MIL-101(Fe)/Graphene Oxide (GO) electrospun nanofibrous membranes as advanced adsorbents for the efficient removal of these metal ions. Structural characterization confirmed a high surface area and uniform integration of MIL-101(Fe) and GO within the fibrous matrix. Batch adsorption experiments revealed maximum removal efficiencies of 93% for Pb(II) and 95% for Cd(II), with optimum performance observed at pH 5.5 and 6.0, respectively. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R² > 0.98), suggesting chemisorption, and was well described by both Langmuir (q_max: 126 mg/g for Pb(II), 100 mg/g for Cd(II); R² ≥ 0.98) and Freundlich isotherms (1/n < 1), indicating favorable monolayer and multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. The thermodynamic analysis confirmed that adsorption was spontaneous (ΔG° values as low as -8.6 kJ/mol for Pb(II)) and endothermic (ΔH° values of 21.5 kJ/mol for Pb(II) and 18.9 kJ/mol for Cd(II)). In continuous flow systems, the membranes maintained removal efficiencies above 85% for both metals across 10 cycles at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The membranes also exhibited excellent fouling resistance, with flux decline remaining below 10% over 5 cycles, and demonstrated high cleaning efficiency, recovering up to 99.2% of flux through simple deionized water rinsing. Reusability studies showed that the membranes retained over 80% of their original adsorption capacity after eight regeneration cycles in batch mode, and over 70% removal efficiency and 83% water flux after 10 regeneration cycles in real industrial wastewater conditions. These findings demonstrated the robustness, reusability, and scalability of MIL-101(Fe)/GO membranes for the effective treatment of heavy metal-contaminated industrial effluents. Future studies should explore membrane performance under mixed contaminant conditions and assess techno-economic feasibility at the pilot scale. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Advanced nanofibrous membranes with MIL-101(Fe)/Graphene Oxide (GO) tested for heavy metal removal. Outstanding performance compared to conventional adsorbents. 93% Pb(II) and 95% Cd(II) removal at optimum pH conditions (Pb(II): pH 5.5, Cd(II): pH 6.0). Rapid equilibrium kinetics with 60 minutes compared to 120 minutes. High surface area and optimal pore size critical for superior performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosorption of Reactive Dyes by Novel Bacterium Leclercia adecarboxylata: Complete Removal of Reactive Black 5 and Molecular Insights Into the Adsorption Mechanism.","authors":"Seda Şen, Filiz Korkmaz, Nur Koçberber Kiliç","doi":"10.1002/wer.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leclercia adecarboxylata isolated from the Düden Waterfall (Turkey) was utilized as a biosorbent for the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5), Setazol Blue BRF-X (BRF-X), Setazol Navy Blue SBG (SNB), and Setazol Turquoise Blue G (STBG). Of the dyes, RB5 was removed with the highest efficiency, 97.4% after 60 min. The effect of parameters such as pH (3-9), initial biosorbent dose (0.1-2.0 g/L), and initial dye concentration (25-1200 mg/L) on the biosorption of RB5 was investigated. Increasing the biosorbent dosage from 0.1 to 2.0 g/L enhanced the RB5 removal from 55.3% to 100% within 10 min. The complete removal (100%) of RB5 was achieved in media with 2.0 g/L biosorbent and 25 mg/L RB5 at pH 3 after 10 min. Additionally, the soluble extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of L. adecarboxylata were found to consist of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The EPS was found to play a crucial role in dye removal, forming chemical interactions with dye molecules. Zeta potential analysis was used to evaluate the charge distribution on the biosorbent surface (-12.6 ± 1.1 mV) and its interactions in the biosorption process. Kinetic and isotherm models suggested a complex interaction mechanism between the biomass and the dye. Adsorption isotherm data were analyzed via nine isotherm models. Among them, the Hill model was found to be the best fit for describing the equilibrium adsorption process of the RB5 (R² = 0.9993). Overall, the applied models elucidated the influence of both physical and chemical interactions on the mechanism. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of RB5 fit a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The unique biochemical composition of the indigenous L. adecarboxylata biosorbent provided a high affinity for RB5, offering a sustainable, rapid, and economical solution for the treatment of dye-polluted water.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Rural Sewage Treatment in China.","authors":"Wenbo Zhang, Zixuan Wang, Xuezheng Yu, Ziyu Zhou, Yunping Han, Xu Yan, Yingnan Cao","doi":"10.1002/wer.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sewage treatment processes are considered an important source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly N₂O and CH₄. In rural sewage treatment processes, GHG emissions are often neglected owing to the small scale of treatment and dispersed distribution. In this study, the non-CO₂ GHG emission quantity, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, and influences factors were analyzed based on rural sewage from 2015 to 2020. Emissions from rural sewage treatment in 2020 reached 122.72 Gg (CO₂-eq), comprising 69.81 Gg N₂O and 52.91 Gg CH₄, representing a 35.29% increase compared to 2015. There are large variations between province-level regions: more GHG was emitted from the eastern than the north-west of China. The treatment of rural domestic sewage can simultaneously purify water quality and decrease GHG emissions, and the improvement in the rate of treatment is beneficial to \"carbon peak and carbon neutralization.\" GHG emissions from rural sewage treatment showed a positive correlation with both GDP and sewage discharge, and N₂O was positively correlated with protein consumption per capita. This study would provide a theoretical basis for policy formulation, as it supplies basic data on carbon emissions for China's rural sewage treatment. SUMMARY: Rural sewage treatment (RST) plants contribute significantly to GHG emissions. N₂O emission from rural sewage treatment in 2020 in China was 69.81 Gg. CH₄ emission from rural sewage treatment in 2020 in China was 52.91 Gg. Large variations in GHG emissions were found between province-level regions. Domestic RST can simultaneously purify water quality and decrease GHG emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden Dangers Within the Rivers of China's Largest Inland Basin: Uncovering the Current Status and Health Risks of BTEX Compounds.","authors":"Lingxin Kong, Yizhen Li, Wen Liu, Jingjing Zhang, Tao Zeng, Jilili Abuduwaili, Long Ma","doi":"10.1002/wer.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benzene series (BTEX) pollutants are hazardous organic compounds that are widely distributed in water, air, and soil and pose a significant threat to global public security. The presence of BTEX in surface waters in arid regions and its associated health risks, as well as the primary influencing factors, are crucial concerns that impede the protection and management of water environments in these areas. By employing a combination of the Monte Carlo risk assessment model and the geographical detector model, this study elucidates the health risks associated with benzene-based compounds in surface water within the Tarim Basin (TRB), China's largest inland basin, while identifying the primary driving forces influencing their distribution in the research area. The findings indicated that the benzene and styrene concentrations exceeded the regulatory thresholds of China in over 30% of the water samples, and the BTEX levels in the TRB varied between 0.01 and 1.11 μg/mL, with an average concentration of 0.17 ± 0.26 μg/mL. Differences in BTEX types and concentrations were observed among the sub-basins, with the Yarkant and Hotan Rivers being the most polluted. Conservative health risk assessments indicated that BTEX did not pose a noncarcinogenic or cancer risk to adults. However, the health risks for children were consistently higher than those for adults, particularly in specific areas of the Hotan and Weigan River Basins, where the noncarcinogenic risk index for children exceeded one and requires immediate attention. The distribution of BTEX was influenced by multiple factors, with land use exerting the most significant impact. Moreover, the interaction between environmental factors was found to augment the explanatory capacity of the BTEX distribution. These findings provide decision-making guidance for the regulation of BTEX pollution in surface water in arid regions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: BTEX compounds were widely detected in surface waters of the Tarim River Basin. Benzene and styrene concentrations exceeded regulatory limits in over 30% of samples. BTEX posed higher noncarcinogenic risks to children compared to adults. Interactions between environmental factors enhanced explanatory power for BTEX distribution. Adjusting land use and strengthening traffic pollution control can reduce BTEX impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified natural organic waste red kenaf straw as an oil sorbent for oil spill remediation.","authors":"Yuting Wang, Jimin Xu, Pengcheng Qu, Rui Ding, Zhengwen Xu, Jing Wu, Jing Shi","doi":"10.1002/wer.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oil contamination issue in water is becoming more and more serious. Consequently, it is imperative to develop advanced materials and methods to address the oil pollution issue in the environment. In this work, red kenaf straw, a type of the agricultural waste, was selected as the raw material, and the acid anhydride was utilized as an environment-friendly esterification reagent to facilitate the conversion of hydrophilic groups into hydrophobic groups through a modification reaction. The modified straw was turned into a high-performance oil sorbent with good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity. The effects of different esterification reagents, straw particle size, reaction time and reaction temperature during modification process on the properties of modified materials have been investigated. The structure of the sorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The oil-sorption capacity of the optimally modified straw product was nearly 100% higher than that of the raw straw whatever in pure oil system, oil-H₂O system or oil-NaCl solution mixed system. Additionally, the oil-absorbing mechanism and reusability were investigated. This study presents a novel methodology for transforming agricultural waste straw into valuable environmental remediation product. PRACTITIONER POINTS: An efficient bio-based oil absorbent preparation method was developed by method optimization. The environmentally friendly oil adsorbent synthesis process is economical, green, and safe. The sorption capacity of straw reached 8.09 g/g and can retain at a high sorption level after 5 cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Acinetobacter junii MKVVM4 IITBHU Mediated Remediation for As(III) and As(V).","authors":"Manoj Kumar Verma, Vishal Mishra","doi":"10.1002/wer.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present work, an arsenic (As) resistant bacterium has been isolated from the Ganga River, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. The isolate was identified as Acinetobacter junii MKVVM4 IITBHU (NCBI accession no. ON248394). A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU could grow in As(V) and As(III) up to 4000 and 3000 ppm, respectively. The isolated strain showed amplification of genes like arsC (As(V) reductase), aioA (As(III) Oxidase), arrA (As(V) respiratory reductase), and arsM (As(III) S adenosylmethionine methyltransferase) in targeted amplification. SEM images of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU showed that bacterial cells in the initial development phase had coccobacilli-like morphology having a tail. Elemental mapping and EDS spectrum confirmed the arsenic accumulation within the bacterial cells. There were peak shifts of negatively charged functional groups like amine, alkenes, carboxyl, and hydroxyl in As(III) and As(V) mediums compared to the control group on the cell surface. This work gives insight into the resistance mechanism of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU against arsenic. The present work also reports the metabolic requirements of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU for environmental persistence and its potential utility in the bioremediation of As(III) and As(V) from the contaminated sites. SUMMARY: The isolate can tolerate 4000 and 3000 ppm of As(V) and As(III), respectively. Bacterial arsenic-resistant gene amplification explains arsenic bioremediation. As(V) facilitated the rapid growth of the isolate as compared to the Control. The diauxic growth in the As(V) medium indicated towards the preferred substrate. Isolate in the early stage of growth showed a tailed structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive Sampling of Urban Runoff Solids to Capture Environmental DNA for the Detection of Rodents in Urban Spaces.","authors":"Mark Edward Jolejole, Mai Uchida, Ayane Itakura, Tomohiro Tobino, Kazunari Sei, Fumiyuki Nakajima","doi":"10.1002/wer.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In urban environments, runoff may contain environmental DNA (eDNA) from nuisance animals, but its potential has not been investigated. Conventional eDNA methods, such as water sampling, may not be applicable to the detection of nuisance animals in urban areas due to the scarcity of target eDNA attributable to the sporadic contact of the animals with water sources, and the limited volume of samples collected may lead to false negative results. Given these limitations, this study aimed to develop a passive sampling method for the collection of runoff solids for the detection of rodents (mouse and rat) in urban areas using eDNA. The developed sampling method successfully collected 0.3-16.7 g dry weight of runoff solids per sampling event. Collected runoff samples contained 8.0-58.1 μg total DNA/g dry weight sample and were characterized by the presence of PCR inhibitors. Following the removal of these inhibitors, mouse eDNA was detected (albeit below the limit of quantification) using a designed species-specific assay. The results of this study demonstrate that runoff solids are a viable eDNA source for the detection of animals in urban environments. However, further work is required to improve the quantification of target DNA. Nevertheless, the developed methodology may provide new and important information on the ecology of animals in urban spaces that can be incorporated into the management of nuisance animals in urban areas. SUMMARY: A passive sampling scheme was successfully designed and captured 0.3-16.7 g dry weight of urban runoff solids in two sites in an urban space. Collected solids contain 8.0-58.1 μg/g of eDNA, which also contain PCR inhibitors which must be removed prior to qPCR. Mouse DNA was detected in six out of 19 samples, but the detections were below the determined quantification limit. This new passive sampling scheme can be applied for terrestrial animal detection in urban spaces to potentially track hidden animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Dewatering Polyacrylic Acid-Alginate-Graphene Oxide Hydrogel as an Osmotic Drawing Agent in Groundwater Fertigation.","authors":"Ahmed Mamdouh Aboulella, Adetunji Alabi, Maryam R Al Shehhi, Linda Zou","doi":"10.1002/wer.70110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A PAG hydrogel was fabricated by crosslinking of polyacrylic acid (PAA), sodium alginate (SA), and graphene oxide (GO). The PAG hydrogel was used for the first time in the fertigation experiments, where the PAG hydrogel was infiltrated with potassium chloride (KCl) and then used to treat real groundwater and to prepare the diluted fertilizer solution, where 26.5 ± 3.5 mL of water was drawn and corresponding to 2.3 L/m² h, respectively, and the product water as diluted fertilizer solution achieved a concentration equivalent to 0.14-M KCl deemed suitable for irrigation application. The PAG hydrogel showed a high swelling ratio of 25.8. The PAG hydrogel incorporated with GO nanosheets increased the water drawn by 73% compared with the PA only hydrogel, which was attributed to the introduced slit-like channels by GO nanosheets within the polymeric matrix facilitating water passage. This work also reported using a self-dewatering hydrogel system where the combined weight of the feed solution and testing cell compressed out the absorbed water from the swelled hydrogel continuously. The work's results demonstrated that PAG enhanced by GO nanosheets could be a novel and sustainable draw agent material for fertigation applications, ensuring the treatment of groundwater without requiring additional energy. SUMMARY: PAG hydrogel with GO was fabricated and showed a high swelling ratio KCl-infiltrated PAG hydrogel was used to treat real groundwater in FO fertigation The diluted fertilizer solution was obtained and was suitable for irrigation GO in the hydrogel helped the water passage and increased the water drawn by 73% Hydrogel achieved self-dewatering due to weights of feed solution and testing cell.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}